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Initial Selection Of Supplemental Treatment Technologies For Hanfords Low Activity Tank Waste
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Book Synopsis INITIAL SELECTION OF SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR HANFORDS LOW ACTIVITY TANK WASTE. by :
Download or read book INITIAL SELECTION OF SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR HANFORDS LOW ACTIVITY TANK WASTE. written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2002, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) documented a plan for accelerating cleanup of the Hanford Site, located in southeastern Washington State, by at least 35 years. A key element of the plan was acceleration of the tank waste program and completion of ''tank waste treatment by 2028 by increasing the capacity of the planned Waste Treatment Plant (WTP) and using supplemental technologies for waste treatment and immobilization.'' The plan identified specific technologies to be evaluated for supplemental treatment of as much as 70% of the low-activity waste (LAW). In concert with this acceleration plan, DOE, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the Washington State Department of Ecology proposed to accelerate--from 2014 to 2006--the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order milestone (M-62-11) associated with a final decision on the balance of tank waste that is beyond the capacity of the WTP. The DOE Office of River Protection tank farm contractor, CH2M HILL Hanford Group, Inc. (CH2M HILL), was tasked with testing and evaluating selected supplemental technologies to support final decisions on tank waste treatment. Three technologies and corresponding vendors were selected to support an initial technology selection in 2003. The three technologies were containerized grout called cast stone (Fluor Federal Services); bulk vitrification (AMEC Earth and Environmental, Inc.); and steam reforming (THOR Treatment Technologies, LLC.). The cast stone process applies an effective grout waste formulation to the LAW and places the cement-based product in a large container for solidification and disposal. Unlike the WTP LAW treatment, which applies vitrification within continuous-fed joule-heated ceramic melters, bulk vitrification produces a glass waste form using batch melting within the disposal container. Steam reforming produces a granular denitrified mineral waste form using a high-temperature fluidized bed process. An initial supplemental technology selection was completed in December 2003, enabling DOE and CH2M HILL to focus investments in 2004 on the testing and production-scale demonstrations needed to support the 2006 milestone.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309475155 Total Pages :55 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Review of the Analysis of Supplemental Treatment Approaches of Low-Activity Waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Review of the Analysis of Supplemental Treatment Approaches of Low-Activity Waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-06-08 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1943, as part of the Manhattan Project, the Hanford Nuclear Reservation was established with the mission to produce plutonium for nuclear weapons. During 45 years of operations, the Hanford Site produced about 67 metric tonnes of plutoniumâ€"approximately two-thirds of the nation's stockpile. Production processes generated radioactive and other hazardous wastes and resulted in airborne, surface, subsurface, and groundwater contamination. Presently, 177 underground tanks contain collectively about 210 million liters (about 56 million gallons) of waste. The chemically complex and diverse waste is difficult to manage and dispose of safely. Section 3134 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 calls for a Federally Funded Research and Development Center (FFRDC) to conduct an analysis of approaches for treating the portion of low-activity waste (LAW) at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation intended for supplemental treatment. The first of four, this report reviews the analysis carried out by the FFRDC. It evaluates the technical quality and completeness of the methods used to conduct the risk, cost benefit, schedule, and regulatory compliance assessments and their implementations; waste conditioning and supplemental treatment approaches considered in the assessments; and other key information and data used in the assessments.
Book Synopsis Nuclear Waste: DOE Should Reassess Whether the Bulk Vitrification Demonstration Project at Its hanford Site Is Still Needed to treat Radioactive Waste by :
Download or read book Nuclear Waste: DOE Should Reassess Whether the Bulk Vitrification Demonstration Project at Its hanford Site Is Still Needed to treat Radioactive Waste written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2007 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tank Waste Retrieval, Processing, and On-site Disposal at Three Department of Energy Sites by : National Research Council
Download or read book Tank Waste Retrieval, Processing, and On-site Disposal at Three Department of Energy Sites written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-10-12 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DOE Tank Waste: How clean is clean enough? The U.S. Congress asked the National Academies to evaluate the Department of Energy's (DOE's) plans for cleaning up defense-related radioactive wastes stored in underground tanks at three sites: the Hanford Site in Washington State, the Savannah River Site in South Carolina, and the Idaho National Laboratory. DOE plans to remove the waste from the tanks, separate out high-level radioactive waste to be shipped to an off-site geological repository, and dispose of the remaining lower-activity waste onsite. The report concludes that DOE's overall plan is workable, but some important challenges must be overcomeâ€"including the removal of residual waste from some tanks, especially at Hanford and Savannah River. The report recommends that DOE pursue a more risk-informed, consistent, participatory, and transparent for making decisions about how much waste to retrieve from tanks and how much to dispose of onsite. The report offers several other detailed recommendations to improve the technical soundness of DOE's tank cleanup plans.
Book Synopsis SUMMARY PLAN FOR BENCH-SCALE REFORMER AND PRODUCT TESTING TREATABILITY STUDIES USING HANFORD TANK WASTE. by :
Download or read book SUMMARY PLAN FOR BENCH-SCALE REFORMER AND PRODUCT TESTING TREATABILITY STUDIES USING HANFORD TANK WASTE. written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes the sample selection, sample preparation, environmental, and regulatory considerations for shipment of Hanford radioactive waste samples for treatability studies of the FBSR process at the Savannah River National Laboratory and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hanford tank farms contain approximately 57 million gallons of wastes, most of which originated during the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel to produce plutonium for defense purposes. DOE intends to pre-treat the tank waste to separate the waste into a high level fraction, that will be vitrified and disposed of in a national repository as high-level waste (HLW), and a low-activity waste (LAW) fraction that will be immobilized for on-site disposal at Hanford. The Hanford Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) is the focal point for the treatment of Hanford tank waste. However, the WTP lacks the capacity to process all of the LAW within the regulatory required timeframe. Consequently, a supplemental LAW immobilization process will be required to immobilize the remainder of the LAW. One promising supplemental technology is Fluidized Bed Steam Reforming (FBSR) to produce a sodium-alumino-silicate (NAS) waste form. The NAS waste form is primarily composed of nepheline (NaAlSiO4), sodalite (Nas[AlSiO4]6Cl2), and nosean (Na[AlSiO4]6SO4). Semivolatile anions such as pertechnetate (TcO4−) and volatiles such as iodine as iodide (I−) are expected to be entrapped within the mineral structures, thereby immobilizing them (Janzen 2008). Results from preliminary performance tests using surrogates, suggests that the release of semivolatile radionuclides 99Tc and volatile 129I from granular NAS waste form is limited by Nosean solubility. The predicted release of 99Tc from the NAS waste form at a 100 meters down gradient well from the Integrated Disposal Facility (IDF) was found to be comparable to immobilized low-activity waste glass waste form in the initial supplemental LAW treatment technology risk assessment (Mann 2003). To confirm this hypothesis, DOE is funding a treatability study where three actual Hanford tank waste samples (containing both 99Tc and 125I) will be processed in Savannah River National Laboratory's (SRNL) Bench-Scale Reformer (BSR) to form the mineral product, similar to the granular NAS waste form, that will then be subject to a number of waste form qualification tests. In previous tests, SRNL have demonstrated that the BSR product is chemically and physically equivalent to the FBSR product (Janzen 2005). The objective of this paper is to describe the sample selection, sample preparation, and environmental and regulatory considerations for treatability studies of the FBSR process using Hanford tank waste samples at the SNRL. The SNRL will process samples in its BSR. These samples will be decontaminated in the 222-S Laboratory to remove undissolved solids and selected radioisotopes to comply with Department of Transportation (DOT) shipping regulations and to ensure worker safety by limiting radiation exposure to As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA). These decontamination levels will also meet the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's (NRC's) definition of low activity waste (LAW). After the SNRL has processed the tank samples to a granular mineral form, SRNL and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) will conduct waste form testing on both the granular material and monoliths prepared from the granular material. The tests being performed are outlined in Appendix A.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309672910 Total Pages :131 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (96 download)
Book Synopsis Final Review of the Study on Supplemental Treatment Approaches of Low-Activity Waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Final Review of the Study on Supplemental Treatment Approaches of Low-Activity Waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-03-30 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management is responsible for managing and cleaning up the waste and contamination at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation, the nation's biggest and most complex nuclear cleanup challenge. At the site, 177 underground tanks collectively contain about 211 million liters of waste that includes high-activity and low-activity materials. At the request of Congress, Final Review of the Study on Supplemental Treatment Approaches of Low-Activity Waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation: Review #4 focuses on approaches for treatment and disposal of the supplemental portion of the low-activity waste from the tanks. This review report discusses developments since the publication of Review #3 and provides a summary of public comments on the third committee review report. The authoring committee then shares their views on these comments and whether they change any of the findings or recommendations in the third review report.
Book Synopsis Review of the Continued Analysis of Supplemental Treatment Approaches of Low-Activity Waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation: Review #2 by : National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri
Download or read book Review of the Continued Analysis of Supplemental Treatment Approaches of Low-Activity Waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation: Review #2 written by National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2023-08-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Hanford Nuclear Reservation in Washington state, which produced plutonium for nuclear weapons from 1944-1987, is the site of the largest and most complex nuclear cleanup challenge in the United States. The U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (DOE-EM) is responsible for managing the cleanup of the radioactive and other hazardous wastes stored in 177 underground tanks at the site. DOE plans to use vitrification, or immobilization in glass waste forms, for all of the high-level radioactive waste at Hanford. However, because the volume of low-activity waste exceeds DOEs capacity limits for vitrification, DOE must decide how to treat the remaining supplemental low-activity waste (SLAW) so that it can be safely disposed in a near-surface disposal site. To help inform its decision, DOE contracted with a Federally Funded Research and Development Center (FFRDC), led by Savannah River National Laboratory, to analyze and report its findings about three potential alternative technologies. At the request of Congress, the National Academies reviewed the FFRDC report in terms of its value for decision making and how well it meets various Congressional requirements related to Hanford cleanup. The review concludes that the FFRDC report is overall very strong, provides a useful framework for evaluating the technology options, and is responsive to guidance from the first National Academies review. The framework provides for structured side-by-side comparisons, using relevant criteria, of a limited number of alternatives for managing SLAW. Recommendations for strengthening the report include estimating a lifecycle cost profile for constructing and operating each alternative, and providing more in-depth discussion on potential challenges that may need to be addressed in obtaining the necessary various regulatory approvals.
Book Synopsis Tank Closure and Waste Management for the Hanford Site by :
Download or read book Tank Closure and Waste Management for the Hanford Site written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 1180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309483514 Total Pages :75 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Review of the Draft Analysis of Supplemental Treatment Approaches of Low-Activity Waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Review of the Draft Analysis of Supplemental Treatment Approaches of Low-Activity Waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-12-02 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1943, as part of the Manhattan Project, the Hanford Nuclear Reservation was established with the mission to produce plutonium for nuclear weapons. During 45 years of operations, the Hanford Site produced about 67 metric tonnes of plutoniumâ€"approximately two-thirds of the nation's stockpile. Production processes generated radioactive and other hazardous wastes and resulted in airborne, surface, subsurface, and groundwater contamination. Presently, 177 underground tanks contain collectively about 210 million liters (about 56 million gallons) of waste. The chemically complex and diverse waste is difficult to manage and dispose of safely. Section 3134 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 calls for a Federally Funded Research and Development Center (FFRDC) to conduct an analysis of approaches for treating the portion of low-activity waste (LAW) at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation intended for supplemental treatment. The second of four, this report reviews the results of the assessments, including the formulation and presentation of conclusions and the characterization and treatment of uncertainties.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309495210 Total Pages :81 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Review of the Final Draft Analysis of Supplemental Treatment Approaches of Low-Activity Waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Review of the Final Draft Analysis of Supplemental Treatment Approaches of Low-Activity Waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-09-15 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1943, as part of the Manhattan Project, the Hanford Nuclear Reservation was established with the mission to produce plutonium for nuclear weapons. During 45 years of operations, the Hanford Site produced about 67 metric tonnes of plutoniumâ€"approximately two-thirds of the nation's stockpile. Production processes generated radioactive and other hazardous wastes and resulted in airborne, surface, subsurface, and groundwater contamination. Presently, 177 underground tanks contain collectively about 210 million liters (about 56 million gallons) of waste. The chemically complex and diverse waste is difficult to manage and dispose of safely. Section 3134 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 calls for a Federally Funded Research and Development Center (FFRDC) to conduct an analysis of approaches for treating the portion of low-activity waste at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation intended for supplemental treatment. The third of four, this report provides an overall assessment of the FFRDC team's final draft report, dated April 5, 2019.
Book Synopsis Hearing on National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2006 and Oversight of Previously Authorized Programs Before the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, First Session by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Strategic Forces Subcommittee
Download or read book Hearing on National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2006 and Oversight of Previously Authorized Programs Before the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, First Session written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Strategic Forces Subcommittee and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nuclear waste DOE should reassess whether the Bulk Vitrification Demonstration Project at its Hanford Site is still needed to treat radioactive waste : report by :
Download or read book Nuclear waste DOE should reassess whether the Bulk Vitrification Demonstration Project at its Hanford Site is still needed to treat radioactive waste : report written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1284 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (121 download)
Book Synopsis Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2011: Dept. of Energy fiscal year 2011 justifications (cont.) by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development
Download or read book Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2011: Dept. of Energy fiscal year 2011 justifications (cont.) written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 1284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2011, Part 3, February 2010, 111-2 Hearings by :
Download or read book Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2011, Part 3, February 2010, 111-2 Hearings written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 1284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water, and Related Agencies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1800 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Energy and Water, and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2007 by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water, and Related Agencies
Download or read book Energy and Water, and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2007 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 1800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Energy and Water, and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year ... by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations
Download or read book Energy and Water, and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year ... written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 1800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1782 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2007 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development
Download or read book Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2007 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 1782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
