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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (957 download)
Download or read book Influences of Emission Sources and Meteorology on Aerosol Chemistry in a Polluted Urban Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Regina M. B. O. Duarte
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039439316
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Urban Atmospheric Aerosols written by Regina M. B. O. Duarte and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-02-24 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenges faced by the atmospheric research community today are vast, complex, and multi-faceted. The book Urban Atmospheric Aerosols: Sources, Analysis, and Effects highlights important aspects concerning the chemical and optical properties, size distribution, sources, and potential health effects of fine urban air particles (PM2.5). The physical and chemical characterization of PM2.5, its source assignment, and the assessment of the magnitude and distribution of its emissions are crucial for establishing effective fine air particle regulations and assessing the associated risks to human health. This book brings together eight papers covering the main topics of the field and will be of interest to researchers who are interested in air quality in outdoor and indoor environments, air particle toxicity, and atmospheric chemistry, as well as global climate modelers.
Author : C. Nick Hewitt
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119515270
Total Pages : 652 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)
Download or read book Atmospheric Science for Environmental Scientists written by C. Nick Hewitt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-12-13 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enlightens readers on the realities of global atmospheric change, including global warming and poor air quality Climate change and air pollution are two of the most pressing issues facing Mankind. This book gives undergraduate and graduate students, researchers and professionals working in the science and policy of pollution, climate change and air quality a broad and up-to-date account of the processes that occur in the atmosphere, how these are changing as Man’s relentless use of natural resources continues, and what effects these changes are having on the Earth’s climate and the quality of the air we breathe. Written by an international team of experts, Atmospheric Science for Environmental Scientists, 2nd Edition provides an excellent overview of our current understanding of the state of the Earth’s atmosphere and how it is changing. The first half of the book covers: the climate of the Earth; chemical evolution of the atmosphere; atmospheric energy and the structure of the atmosphere; biogeochemical cycles; and tropospheric chemistry and air pollution. The second half looks at cloud formation and chemistry; particulate matter in the atmosphere; stratospheric chemistry and ozone depletion; boundary layer meteorology and atmospheric dispersion; urban air pollution; and global warming and climate change science. Provides succinct but detailed information on all the important aspects of atmospheric science for students Offers the most up-to-date treatment of key issues such as stratospheric chemistry, urban air pollution, and climate change Each chapter includes basic concepts, end-of-section questions, and more in-depth material Features contributions from the best experts and educators in the field of atmospheric science Atmospheric Science for Environmental Scientists, 2nd Edition is an invaluable resource for students, teachers, and professionals involved in environmental science. It will also appeal to those interested in learning how the atmosphere works, how humankind is changing its composition, and what effects these changes are leading to.
Author : Yue Zhang
Publisher : American Chemical Society
ISBN 13 : 0841299293
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (412 download)
Download or read book Aerosols in Atmospheric Chemistry written by Yue Zhang and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2022-04-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The uncertainties in the aerosol effects on radiative forcing limit our knowledge of climate change, presenting us with an important research challenge. Aerosols in Atmospheric Chemistry introduces basic concepts about the characterization, formation, and impacts of ambient aerosol particles as an introduction to graduate students new to the field. Each chapter also provides an up-to-date synopsis of the latest knowledge of aerosol particles in atmospheric chemistry.
Author : Nicolas Moussiopoulos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662052172
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Air Quality in Cities written by Nicolas Moussiopoulos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban areas are major sources of air pollution. Pollutant emissions affecting air quality in cities are considered to have adverse consequences for human health. Public and government concern about environmental issues arising from urban air pollution has increased over the last decades. The urban air pollution problem is widespread throughout the world and it is important to find ways of eliminating or at least reducing the risks for human health. The fundamentals of the physical and chemical processes occurring during air pollutant transport in the atmosphere are nowadays understood to a large extent. In particular, modelling of such processes has experienced a remarkable growth in the last decades. Monitoring capabilities have also improved markedly in the most urban areas around the world. However, neither modelling nor monitoring can solve urban air pollution problems, as they are only a first step in improving useful information for future regulations. The defining of efficient control strategies can not be achieved without a clear knowledge of the complete pollution process, i.e. emission, atmospheric transport and transformation, and deposition at the receptor. Improving our ability to establish valid urban scale source-receptor relation ships has been the objective of SA TURN, one of the 14 subprojects of EURO TRAC-2. Similar to the other subprojects of this co-ordinated environmental pro ject within the EUREKA initiative, SA TURN brought together international groups of scientists to work on problems directly related to atmospheric chemistry and physics. The present volume summarises the scientific results of SATURN.
Author : Idir Bouarar
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319594893
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)
Download or read book Air Pollution in Eastern Asia: An Integrated Perspective written by Idir Bouarar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-18 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, written by an international group of experts from China, Europe and the USA, presents a broad and comprehensive analysis of the chemical and meteorological processes responsible for the formation of air pollutants in eastern Asia, and in particular for the development of severe pollution episodes observed primarily during winter in the northeastern part of China. With the rapid population growth, economic development and urbanization occurring in Asia, air pollution has become a major environmental problem in this part of the world. The book is organized around six distinct parts. The first part of the volume offers a general perspective on issues related to air pollution including persistent haze events in eastern and southern Asia. The second part presents an overview of air pollution sources (i.e., anthropogenic and biomass burning sources). The third part analyzes in-situ observations of chemical species in China, while the fourth part focuses on space observations of gas-phase and aerosol species. The modeling aspects are treated in the fifth part of the volume, which includes a presentation of several air quality forecast systems and an assessment of the role of urbanization on air pollution levels. Finally, the effects of air pollution on health and crop productivity in China are discussed in the last part of the book. The book also presents an integrated view of past and present situations in Asia and provides the scientific basis from which mitigation policies can be established and air quality can be improved. Audience: This book is written for scientists, educators, students, environmental managers, policy-makers and leaders in public administration and private corporations who wish to use science-based information to mitigate air pollution. The book should help decision-makers to design effective policies for air quality improvement and to successfully manage short-term air pollution episodes that substantially affect people’s quality of life and strongly impact the economy.
Author : Peter Brimblecombe
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521459723
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (597 download)
Download or read book Air Composition and Chemistry written by Peter Brimblecombe and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised and updated study is about the atmosphere and humanity's influence on it. Following an analysis of the natural environment, it re-examines the sources of air pollution and its effects, including decline in health, damage to plants and animals, indoor pollution, and acid rain.
Author : C. Nick Hewitt
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9781444308235
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (82 download)
Download or read book Atmospheric Science for Environmental Scientists written by C. Nick Hewitt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-12 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change and air quality are two of the most pressing issuesfacing Mankind. This book gives undergraduate and graduate studentsand professionals working in the science and policy of pollution,climate change and air quality a broad and up-to-date account ofour understanding of the processes that occur in the atmosphere,how these are changing as Man’s relentless use of naturalresources continues and what effects these changes are having onthe Earth’s climate and the quality of the air we breath. Written by an international team of experts, this text gives anexcellent overview of our current understanding of the state of theEarth’s atmosphere and how it is changing. It is aninvaluable resource for students, teachers and professionals. Key features: End of chapter questions Each chapter includes both basic concepts and more in-depthmaterial, allowing faculty to direct students accordingly Most up-to-date treatment of key issues such as stratosphericchemistry, urban air pollution, and climate change
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309445655
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book The Future of Atmospheric Chemistry Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-01-29 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our world is changing at an accelerating rate. The global human population has grown from 6.1 billion to 7.1 billion in the last 15 years and is projected to reach 11.2 billion by the end of the century. The distribution of humans across the globe has also shifted, with more than 50 percent of the global population now living in urban areas, compared to 29 percent in 1950. Along with these trends, increasing energy demands, expanding industrial activities, and intensification of agricultural activities worldwide have in turn led to changes in emissions that have altered the composition of the atmosphere. These changes have led to major challenges for society, including deleterious impacts on climate, human and ecosystem health. Climate change is one of the greatest environmental challenges facing society today. Air pollution is a major threat to human health, as one out of eight deaths globally is caused by air pollution. And, future food production and global food security are vulnerable to both global change and air pollution. Atmospheric chemistry research is a key part of understanding and responding to these challenges. The Future of Atmospheric Chemistry Research: Remembering Yesterday, Understanding Today, Anticipating Tomorrow summarizes the rationale and need for supporting a comprehensive U.S. research program in atmospheric chemistry; comments on the broad trends in laboratory, field, satellite, and modeling studies of atmospheric chemistry; determines the priority areas of research for advancing the basic science of atmospheric chemistry; and identifies the highest priority needs for improvements in the research infrastructure to address those priority research topics. This report describes the scientific advances over the past decade in six core areas of atmospheric chemistry: emissions, chemical transformation, oxidants, atmospheric dynamics and circulation, aerosol particles and clouds, and biogeochemical cycles and deposition. This material was developed for the NSF's Atmospheric Chemistry Program; however, the findings will be of interest to other agencies and programs that support atmospheric chemistry research.
Author : Zev Levin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402086903
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Aerosol Pollution Impact on Precipitation written by Zev Levin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-30 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life on Earth is critically dependent upon the continuous cycling of water between oceans, continents and the atmosphere. Precipitation (including rain, snow, and hail) is the primary mechanism for transporting water from the atmosphere back to the Earth’s surface. It is also the key physical process that links aspects of climate, weather, and the global hydrological cycle. Changes in precipitation regimes and the frequency of extreme weather events, such as floods, droughts, severe ice/snow storms, monsoon fluctuations and hurricanes are of great potential importance to life on the planet. One of the factors that could contribute to precipitation modification is aerosol pollution from various sources such as urban air pollution and biomass burning. Natural and anthropogenic changes in atmospheric aerosols might have important implications for precipitation by influencing the hydrological cycle, which in turn could feed back to climate changes. From an Earth Science perspective, a key question is how changes expected in climate will translate into changes in the hydrological cycle, and what trends may be expected in the future. We require a much better understanding and hence predictive capability of the moisture and energy storages and exchanges among the Earth’s atmosphere, oceans, continents and biological systems. This book is a review of our knowledge of the relationship between aerosols and precipitation reaching the Earth's surface and it includes a list of recommendations that could help to advance our knowledge in this area.
Author : Kanan Patel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (138 download)
Download or read book Factors Influencing Ambient Particulate Matter written by Kanan Patel and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long term exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been linked to an increase in mortality and cardiorespiratory diseases. In addition, PM affects Earth’s radiative balance, and is one of the main sources of uncertainty in climate change predictions. Hence, it is imperative to understand PM composition and concentrations and the factors contributing to their variability. Different parts of the world experience different levels of air pollution, due to an interplay between various factors including sources, meteorological factors, and chemical transformations. PM can either be directly emitted into the atmosphere (primary) or can be generated as result of oxidation of gas-phase precursors leading to the formation and partitioning of low volatility products to the particle phase (secondary). The nature, sources and dynamics of PM can be estimated by combining ambient field measurements with receptor modeling, machine learning and statistical analysis tools. The objective of my thesis is to understand the factors influencing PM concentration and composition in different environments. In chapter 2, I have reported the results of the measurements in Austin, Texas, one of the fastest growing metropolitan cities in the U.S. I used several modeling and data analysis tools to understand the sources and formation of particulate matter in Austin including positive matrix factorization (PMF), the Extended Aerosol Thermodynamics Model (E-AIM) and air back trajectory analysis using HYSPLIT. Through my analysis, I demonstrated that photochemistry is an important factor in governing PM composition in Austin. We observed rapid photochemical processing of traffic emissions, H2SO4-driven new particle formation (NPF) events, production of organic nitrate, and daytime peaks in the locally formed oxidized organic aerosol during the summer period. My analysis also suggested that SO2 emissions from cement kilns may be the main source of particulate sulfate observed at this receptor site, pointing toward the need for measurements at the source to investigate this further. This chapter has been published in ACS Earth and Space Chemistry. Meanwhile, Delhi (India) is the most polluted megacity in the world and routinely experiences extreme pollution episodes. Our group is one of the first in the world to measure long term PM composition at high time resolution in the city. As part of the Delhi Aerosol Supersite (DAS) study, we have recorded over five years of near-continuous PM composition to understand inter-seasonal as well as inter-annual variability in the PM concentrations and the factors influencing them. I have studied specific “special” events which have implications for policy decisions. In chapter 3, I have investigated the factors influencing high PM concentrations observed during the autumn (~Sep – Nov) season which experiences some of the most extreme pollution episodes observed anywhere in the world. I combined our measurements with data obtained from regulatory monitoring sites (CO, NOx, PM2.5) to gain insights from the temporal trends of the pollutants and to demonstrate the differences between autumn and winter, which also experiences high concentrations. I incorporated receptor models and non-parametric wind regression to understand the nature and sources of PM during this period. Further, I used meteorological data such as temperature, planetary boundary layer height, wind speed/direction and relative humidity to understand their impact on PM using statistical hypothesis testing. Using these tools, I demonstrated the influence of regional agricultural burning (from the neighboring states) and fireworks during the festival of Diwali on PM during this season. Overall, my analysis provided detailed insights into the sources and dynamics of PM during one of the most polluted seasons in Delhi (and in the world) and provided a direction for future studies in the region. This chapter has also been published in ACS Earth and Space Chemistry. In chapter 4, I have investigated the impact of COVID-19 lock-down on Delhi's air quality by combining PM and gas phase data of over four years with robust statistical analysis, including the method of “robust differences” to account for seasonal variability in the pollutant concentrations. My analysis suggests that future large-scale modification of activity restrictions in Delhi may impact the primary pollutants (NOx, CO, black carbon) more than the secondary pollutants, emphasizing the fundamental importance of secondary or regional pollutants on air quality in Delhi. I showed that overall, future strict activity reductions may lead to only a moderate reduction in PM1, reflective of complex PM1 chemistry and the need for integrative, multiscale, and multisectoral policies to address the major air pollution challenge in Delhi. This chapter has been published in ACS Environmental Science & Technology Letters. Because of the interplay between sources and meteorology in Delhi, in chapter 5 I have developed machine learning models incorporating random forest regression that estimate the concentrations of PM1 and its constituents by using meteorology and emission proxies. I have demonstrated the applicability of these models to capture temporal variability of the PM1 species, to understand the influence of individual factors via sensitivity analyses, and to separate impacts of the COVID-19 lockdowns and associated activity restrictions from impacts of other factors. Overall, these models provide new insights into the factors influencing ambient PM1 in New Delhi, India, demonstrating the power of machine learning models in atmospheric science applications. This chapter will be submitted to Aerosol Science and Technology. My research has advanced our understanding about PM formation and processing in different environments. These novel measurements and analyses will help guide future studies aimed at understanding and improving ambient air quality in these regions. Furthermore, the results of my scientific analyses may help guide policy decisions aimed at reducing PM levels in the atmosphere, thus helping improve the lives of millions of people
Author : Regina Duarte
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783039439324
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (393 download)
Download or read book Urban Atmospheric Aerosols written by Regina Duarte and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenges faced by the atmospheric research community today are vast, complex, and multi-faceted. The book Urban Atmospheric Aerosols: Sources, Analysis, and Effects highlights important aspects concerning the chemical and optical properties, size distribution, sources, and potential health effects of fine urban air particles (PM2.5). The physical and chemical characterization of PM2.5, its source assignment, and the assessment of the magnitude and distribution of its emissions are crucial for establishing effective fine air particle regulations and assessing the associated risks to human health. This book brings together eight papers covering the main topics of the field and will be of interest to researchers who are interested in air quality in outdoor and indoor environments, air particle toxicity, and atmospheric chemistry, as well as global climate modelers.
Author : Chandra Venkataraman
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811302804
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)
Download or read book Climate Change Signals and Response written by Chandra Venkataraman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a synthesis of research findings, in terms of strategic knowledge outcomes regarding emergence of recent regional climate signals, implications for impacts assessment, and mitigation and adaptation response, relevant in the Indian context. The first part discusses evidence of climate change and its underlying scientific processes across India, chiefly focusing on impacts that are already visible and attributable to anthropogenic activities. The latter part deals with the responses to climate change, highlighting the mitigation and adaptation strategies in various sectors and communities. The book presents a concise interpretation, distilling practical recommendations and policy prescriptions at national and sub-national levels. It serves as a reference point for understanding scientific advances and persisting uncertainty, future vulnerability and response capacity of interlinked human and natural systems, pertaining to India. It is an excellent resource for policy makers and industry watchers in addition to the research fraternity.
Author : Douw G. Steyn
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9400755775
Total Pages : 738 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXII written by Douw G. Steyn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-10-04 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in air pollution modeling and its application are explored here in contributions by researchers at the forefront of their field. The book is focused on local, urban, regional and intercontinental modeling; data assimilation and air quality forecasting; model assessment and evaluation; aerosol transformation; the relationship between air quality and human health and the interaction between climate change and air quality. The work will provide useful reference material for students and professors interested in air pollution modeling at the graduate level as well as researchers and professionals involved in developing and utilizing air pollution models.
Author : Richard W. Boubel
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080507077
Total Pages : 595 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Fundamentals of Air Pollution written by Richard W. Boubel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of the premier air pollution textbook is completely updated and revised to include all components of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. Fundamentals of Air Pollution, Third Edition covers the spectrum of topics pertinent to the study of air pollution: elements, sources, effects, measurement, monitoring, meteorology, and regulatory and engineering control. In addition, the textbook features new chapters on atmospheric emissions from hazardous waste sites, air pathways from hazardous waste sites, and the long-term effects of air pollution on the earth. It also presents updated information on acidic development, long-distance transport, atmospheric chemistry, and mathematical modeling. With extensive references, suggested reading lists, questions, and new figures and tables, this text will serve as an invaluable resource for students and practitioners alike. * This new edition features coverage of: Regulatory requirements of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 New developments in the modelling of air quality Air pollution control Air pollution engineering/atmospheric chemistry
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309144019
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Global Sources of Local Pollution written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in air pollution monitoring and modeling capabilities have made it possible to show that air pollution can be transported long distances and that adverse impacts of emitted pollutants cannot be confined to one country or even one continent. Pollutants from traffic, cooking stoves, and factories emitted half a world away can make the air we inhale today more hazardous for our health. The relative importance of this "imported" pollution is likely to increase, as emissions in developing countries grow, and air quality standards in industrial countries are tightened. Global Sources of Local Pollution examines the impact of the long-range transport of four key air pollutants (ozone, particulate matter, mercury, and persistent organic pollutants) on air quality and pollutant deposition in the United States. It also explores the environmental impacts of U.S. emissions on other parts of the world. The book recommends that the United States work with the international community to develop an integrated system for determining pollution sources and impacts and to design effective response strategies. This book will be useful to international, federal, state, and local policy makers responsible for understanding and managing air pollution and its impacts on human health and well-being.
Author : Claire Granier
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402021674
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Emissions of Atmospheric Trace Compounds written by Claire Granier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book grows out of a 2001 workshop on "Emission of Chemical Species and Aerosols into the Atmosphere." The contents deal with inventories of emissions related to anthropogenic emissions or biomass burning; emissions from vegetation and soils; emissions of mineral and sea-salt aerosols; and emissions of sulphur compounds from the oceans. Concluding chapters show how atmospheric observations have been used to improve our knowledge of emissions.
