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Influence Of Blood Metabolites And Metabolic Hormones On Milk Production And Reproduction In The Primiparous Sow
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Book Synopsis Influence of Blood Metabolites and Metabolic Hormones on Milk Production and Reproduction in the Primiparous Sow by : Mike David Tokach
Download or read book Influence of Blood Metabolites and Metabolic Hormones on Milk Production and Reproduction in the Primiparous Sow written by Mike David Tokach and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effect of Protein Intake During Gestation and Lactation on Mammary Development, Milk Production and Subsequent Reproduction of Primiparous Sows by : Jestina Kusina
Download or read book The Effect of Protein Intake During Gestation and Lactation on Mammary Development, Milk Production and Subsequent Reproduction of Primiparous Sows written by Jestina Kusina and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The gestating and lactating sow by : Chantal Farmer
Download or read book The gestating and lactating sow written by Chantal Farmer and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-09-04 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last book on the lactating sow was published over 15 years ago. This new book brings us up to date in current knowledge on the gestating and lactating sow. It covers new and important topics such as conditioning of gilts for optimal reproductive performance, feeding high fibre diets to gestating sows and providing various fat sources in gestation and lactation. It also describes the several key success factors to group-housing systems in gestation, which is a must due to the current move towards group-housing. The new concept of transition feeding for sows is discussed, as well as the factors involved in mammary development of gilts and sows, both of which are instrumental for maximum colostrum and/or milk yields. The impact of the human-animal interactions on sow welfare and performance is discussed with focus on new handling practices that could be developed to overbalance the negative interactions inherent to pig management systems. Updates on must-have topics, such as amino acid and energy requirements of sows, colostrum and milk yield and composition, and sow health are also provided. The subjects covered in this book will assist animal scientists, nutritionists, veterinarians and swine producers in learning the most recent information on relevant and current topics affecting sow production, and in knowing which areas are in need of further research efforts.
Book Synopsis Influence of Early Lactation Energy Balance on Postpartum Interval, Milk Production, and Metabolic Hormone Concentration in Thin Primiparous Beef Heifers by : David Leon Lalman
Download or read book Influence of Early Lactation Energy Balance on Postpartum Interval, Milk Production, and Metabolic Hormone Concentration in Thin Primiparous Beef Heifers written by David Leon Lalman and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous research has firmly documented that body condition at calving has a major influence on reproductive success of beef cattle. One major contributing factor to reduced reproductive efficiency is extended postpartum interval to first estrus or luteal activity (PPI). Unfortunately, due to circumstances that may be beyond the control of the producer, cows and heifers often calve in thin body condition. Other research has led to the recommendation that thin cows be managed to gain body condition during early lactation. However, increasing nutrient intake also increases milk production as well as input costs. Two consecutive experiments were conducted to determine the relationship of rate of body condition change to PPI in first calf heifers that received low nutrient intake during late gestation. Although heifers were treated the same during late gestation, body condition score at calving (CCS) continued to have a greater influence on PPI than did condition score change after calving (CSCH). Increasing body condition during early lactation resulted in reduced PPI, however, few heifers returned to cyclic activity before 90 d postpartum. Maximum reduction in PPI occurred with 1.5 units increase in body condition score (BCS) in 90 d. No additional benefit was gained by increasing more than 1.5 units BCS. In the second trial, the relationships of energy intake and energy balance to milk yield, milk composition and metabolic hormone concentration were investigated. Higher milk production at d 30 postpartum was associated with extended PPI and higher CCS was associated with lower milk production. Low energy intake and (or) body condition loss was associated with a rapid decline in milk production. Greater energy intake delayed peak milk production and resulted in an increase in energy required for milk production as well as an increase in milk protein composition. Greater gains in body condition score were associated with shorter PPI, greater serum concentration of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I and lower serum concentration of growth hormone. Increasing body condition score during early lactation can reduce PPI, but evidence supports that inherent metabolic efficiency is more important in determining PPI.
Book Synopsis Relationships Among Milk Yield, Metabolism and Reproduction in Primiparous Holstein Cows Treated with Bovine Somatotropin (bST) by : Dean Edward Morbeck
Download or read book Relationships Among Milk Yield, Metabolism and Reproduction in Primiparous Holstein Cows Treated with Bovine Somatotropin (bST) written by Dean Edward Morbeck and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dietary Energy Manipulations and Reproductive Performance in Primiparous Sows by : Tai Yuan Chen
Download or read book Dietary Energy Manipulations and Reproductive Performance in Primiparous Sows written by Tai Yuan Chen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In primiparous sows, feed intake is generally insufficient to meet lactation demands during lactation. Inadequate nutrient supply increases mobilisation of body reserves during lactation and, as a consequence, affect subsequent reproduction. Excessive loss of body reserves during lactation is not only associated with delayed post-weaning oestrus and the size of the subsequent litter, but also increases culling rate and reduces sow longevity and the productivity of the breeding herd. The aim of the thesis was to develop a clear understanding of the impact of a negative energy balance during lactation affects reproductive performance of modern primiparous sows in Australia, and evaluate feeding strategies involving energy manipulations during crucial periods for improving subsequent litter size. In the first study, the associations of sow body weight changes during lactation and the body weight at weaning with subsequent reproductive performance were studied. By minimising body weight loss and maintain adequate body reserves at weaning through the supply of sufficient energy when rearing equal to or less than ten piglets during lactation, the post-weaning reproduction of modern primiparous sows may not be affected. In the second study, the carry-over effects of energy intake during the early antral phase and subsequent follicular phase on follicle recruitment and ovulation rate were assessed using a gilt model. Follicle size at the end of the luteal phase was greater for gilts that were previously fed at a high feed level. During the follicular phase, high feeding increased follicle size at Day 5 and plasma oestradiol concentration. Nevertheless, a low feed level during the luteal phase reduced ovulation rate and the number of embryo, and this was not counteracted by feed level during the follicular phase. Plasma progesterone concentration after ovulation was lower for gilts that were restricted-fed throughout the whole period than for other treatments. These results indicate that undernutrition during early antral follicular development may have a residual effect on follicle recruitment and quality. In the third study, the effects of substituting 1 kg of a standard lactation diet with 1 kg of a sugar-rich or fat-rich diet during late lactation on blood glucose and insulin changes were investigated. The results suggest that a sugar-enriched diet during the last week of lactation elevates circulating glucose and insulin concentrations, and may potentially improve post-weaning fertility in primiparous sows. Therefore, the fourth study investigated the effects of pre-weaning energy substitutions plus post-weaning altrenogest treatment as positive control on follicular development, endocrine characteristics and subsequent litter size in primiparous sows. The weaning-to-ovulation interval tended to be reduced in the sugar-rich treatment, although body weight loss during the treatment period, post-weaning follicle development, plasma oestradiol and pre-weaning leptin did not differ among treatments, except body weight loss was lower and leptin was higher in the altrenogest treatment. Post-ovulatory progesterone concentration in the sugar treatment was higher. Sows in the sugar-rich and altrenogest treatments had a greater proportion of litters with larger litter sizes. The outcome indicates that increasing circulating insulin and glucose concentrations during late lactation or a week of metabolic recovery positively improves subsequent litter size in primiparous sows. Industry will be able to achieve and improvement of reproductive performance by maximising energy intake (using an insulin-stimulating diet) during late lactation, or by post-weaning altrenogest administration for a week for energy restoration. Otherwise, adverse impacts of a negative energy balance during lactation will be carried over into the mating period, and will depress subsequent reproductive performance.
Book Synopsis Comparison of Endocrine Regulators of Metabolism and Postweaning Reproduction in Primiparous and Multiparous Sows by :
Download or read book Comparison of Endocrine Regulators of Metabolism and Postweaning Reproduction in Primiparous and Multiparous Sows written by and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparisons were made to better understand the fundamental differences between mature multiparous and growing first parity Cotswold sows. Equalization of metabolic demand in nine first parity and eight fifth parity sows was made by standardizing litter sizes by day 3 postpartum (pp) to 10 and 12 piglets for first and fifth parity sows, respectively. Weaning of piglets was at 14 days pp. Sows were fitted with venous cannulae at approximately day 107 of gestation to facilitate frequent blood sampling. Blood was collected at 20-minute intervals for 8 hours on days 110 of gestation (g) and 3 pp, for 10 hours on days 13 pp and 4 postweaning (pw), for 5 hours on the day prior to estrus and at estrus, for 3 hours on day 2 postbreeding (pb) and for 5 hours on days 5, 10 and 15 pb. In addition, single daily blood samples were collected from day 10 pp to 14 days pb and on the day prior to slaughter at 27-35 days pb following mating at the first postweaning estrus. Reproductive tracts were recovered after slaughter and ovulation rate and embryo mortality were determined at this time. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
Download or read book Dairying written by E. Kebreab and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dairying once again finds itself at a crossroads. Increasingly, producers and scientists need to harness their knowledge and expertise to meet consumers' demands for quality milk and milk products. This volume discusses how the industry can meet the needs of today’s consumer. Scientists, producers, processors and marketeers together with those interested in the wider issues of biotechnology and the environment, present their views on six key areas of debate: cows for lifetime production; management for lifetime production; feeds and feeding; opportunities and impact; identifying the right model for accurate prediction of production; marketing – the myth against milk. The book concludes with a chapter looking at customers and consumers health.
Book Synopsis Comparison of Endocrine Regulators of Metabolism and Postweaning Reproduction in Primiparous and Multiparous Sows by : Kristina J. Orzechowski
Download or read book Comparison of Endocrine Regulators of Metabolism and Postweaning Reproduction in Primiparous and Multiparous Sows written by Kristina J. Orzechowski and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NorFor - written by Harald Volden and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-05 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NorFor is a semi-mechanistic feed evaluation system for cattle, which is used by advisors in Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. This book describes in detail the system and it covers five main sections. The first is concerned with information on feed characteristics, feed analysis and feed digestion methods. The second section describes the digestion and metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract and the supply and requirement of energy and metabolizable amino acids. The third section considers the prediction of feed intake and physical structure of the diet. The fourth section focuses on model evaluation and the final section provides information on the IT solutions and feed ration formulation by a non-linear economical optimization procedure. This book will be of significant interest to researchers, students and advisors of cattle nutrition and feed evaluation.
Book Synopsis Nutrition, Body Composition, and Long-term Reproductive Performance of Gilts by : Rozeboom. Dale Wayne
Download or read book Nutrition, Body Composition, and Long-term Reproductive Performance of Gilts written by Rozeboom. Dale Wayne and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fertility in the High Producing Dairy Cow by : M. G. Diskin
Download or read book Fertility in the High Producing Dairy Cow written by M. G. Diskin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Large Dairy Herd Management by : H. H. Van Horn
Download or read book Large Dairy Herd Management written by H. H. Van Horn and published by American Dairy Science Association. This book was released on 1992 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 938 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Swine written by and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each of these popular handbooks contains comprehensive information on the nutritional needs of domestic animals and includes extensive tabular data. All are paperback and 8 1/2 x 11. Some books come with diskettes or Cds that allow users to predict nutrient requirements of specific animals under various conditions and at various life stages.
Author :United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :728 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
