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Inequalities In Respiratory Health
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Book Synopsis Inequalities in Respiratory Health by : Ian P. Sinha
Download or read book Inequalities in Respiratory Health written by Ian P. Sinha and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2023-03-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health inequalities have long been deeply engrained in society. If we are to address these inequalities, we need to reflect on what has driven them, and critically review the approaches that do and do not work. This Monograph brings together leading experts and up-and-coming researchers, in a collection of state-of-the-art articles, discussing the drivers and consequences of respiratory inequality.
Book Synopsis Achieving Respiratory Health Equality by : Juan Carlos Celedón
Download or read book Achieving Respiratory Health Equality written by Juan Carlos Celedón and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Including comprehensive coverage of health disparities commonly encountered in pediatric and adult pulmonary, critical care, and sleep medicine, Achieving Respiratory Health Equality in the United States provides a definitive reference on this prominent issue. Expert authors explore questions such as: * What is the evidence that respiratory health disparities exist? * What do we know about the causes of the disparities? * What are the clinical implications? * What can be done to address the particular disparities and thus achieve health equality? Recognizing the magnitude of this problem, the American Thoracic Society (ATS) Executive Committee created a Health Equality Sub-Committee, with an initial mandate of defining respiratory health disparities and respiratory health equality in the United States. This book will follow the format of a workshop on respiratory health equality held before the 2015 ATS International Meeting and led by editor Juan Carlos Celedón. Written by the workshop presenters, this book focuses closely on major risk factors for health, specific respiratory diseases for which health disparities are known to occur, and potential approaches to eliminate such disparities. Achieving Respiratory Health Equality in the United States is a timely resource for researchers, clinicians, and public health practitioners in respiratory medicine.
Book Synopsis Health Care Disparities by : Sandra K. Willsie
Download or read book Health Care Disparities written by Sandra K. Willsie and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue discusses the hot-button issue of racial disparities in respiratory health. Topics covered include an in-depth look at asthma in the urban environment and among Latinos and African Americans. Lung cancer is also discussed as it presents in US minority populations. Sarcoidosis, COPD, and sickle cell lung disease are also reviewed. The issue tackles questions about outcome disparities, barriers to lung transplantation, and HIV in minorities. It concludes with an examination of how these disparities might be eliminated.
Book Synopsis Understanding Socio-Economic Inequalities in Childhood Respiratory Health by : Carol Propper
Download or read book Understanding Socio-Economic Inequalities in Childhood Respiratory Health written by Carol Propper and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood. Recent evidence has shown a socio-economic gradient in its distribution. This paper examines whether a number of factors argued to have led to a rise in the incidence of asthma might also explain the social gradient. Several of these have been the object of policy intervention, though not necessarily with the aim of lowering childhood respiratory conditions. Using a large cohort study (the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) we find significant inequalities in three respiratory conditions in middle childhood. We investigate eight potential mediating factors: exposure to other children in infancy, child's diet, poor housing conditions, maternal smoking, parental history of asthma, poor child health at birth, maternal age at child's birth and local deprivation. We find that each of these alone typically explains a relatively modest part of each respiratory inequality, with child's diet, local deprivation and maternal smoking generally the most important. But taken together, the mediating factors account for a substantial part of the respiratory inequalities. So the socio-economic gradient appears to operate through a number of inter-correlated pathways, some of which may be amenable to policy intervention.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309452961 Total Pages :583 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Book Synopsis Health Disparities in Respiratory Medicine by : Lynn B. Gerald
Download or read book Health Disparities in Respiratory Medicine written by Lynn B. Gerald and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2015-12-14 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses health disparities in respiratory medicine and suggests methods to reduce them. In the United States, health disparities are well documented in the care of patients with respiratory disorders, particularly among minorities who often have higher rates of disease and poorer health outcomes. Similarly, differences in health and health outcomes exist between differing socioeconomic groups, with lower income groups generally having poorer health and higher rates of chronic illness. Health Disparities in Respiratory Medicine investigates these differing outcomes through the complex connections between access and quality of treatment available to these groups. Chapters are organized around either causes, diseases, or types of care, including tobacco smoke exposure, environmental air quality, acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and end-of-life care. This volume is an ideal resource for pulmonologists, health care administrators, and policy makers who aim to understand disparities in respiratory medicine and take steps to improve the differences among groups.
Download or read book Health Care Disparities written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spatial Regression Analysis Using Eigenvector Spatial Filtering by : Daniel Griffith
Download or read book Spatial Regression Analysis Using Eigenvector Spatial Filtering written by Daniel Griffith and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-09-14 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spatial Regression Analysis Using Eigenvector Spatial Filtering provides theoretical foundations and guides practical implementation of the Moran eigenvector spatial filtering (MESF) technique. MESF is a novel and powerful spatial statistical methodology that allows spatial scientists to account for spatial autocorrelation in their georeferenced data analyses. Its appeal is in its simplicity, yet its implementation drawbacks include serious complexities associated with constructing an eigenvector spatial filter. This book discusses MESF specifications for various intermediate-level topics, including spatially varying coefficients models, (non) linear mixed models, local spatial autocorrelation, space-time models, and spatial interaction models. Spatial Regression Analysis Using Eigenvector Spatial Filtering is accompanied by sample R codes and a Windows application with illustrative datasets so that readers can replicate the examples in the book and apply the methodology to their own application projects. It also includes a Foreword by Pierre Legendre. Reviews the uses of ESF across linear regression, generalized linear regression, spatial autocorrelation measurement, and spatially varying coefficient models Includes computer code and template datasets for further modeling Provides comprehensive coverage of related concepts in spatial data analysis and spatial statistics
Book Synopsis A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-08-26 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic diseases are common and costly, yet they are also among the most preventable health problems. Comprehensive and accurate disease surveillance systems are needed to implement successful efforts which will reduce the burden of chronic diseases on the U.S. population. A number of sources of surveillance data-including population surveys, cohort studies, disease registries, administrative health data, and vital statistics-contribute critical information about chronic disease. But no central surveillance system provides the information needed to analyze how chronic disease impacts the U.S. population, to identify public health priorities, or to track the progress of preventive efforts. A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases outlines a conceptual framework for building a national chronic disease surveillance system focused primarily on cardiovascular and chronic lung diseases. This system should be capable of providing data on disparities in incidence and prevalence of the diseases by race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic region, along with data on disease risk factors, clinical care delivery, and functional health outcomes. This coordinated surveillance system is needed to integrate and expand existing information across the multiple levels of decision making in order to generate actionable, timely knowledge for a range of stakeholders at the local, state or regional, and national levels. The recommendations presented in A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases focus on data collection, resource allocation, monitoring activities, and implementation. The report also recommends that systems evolve along with new knowledge about emerging risk factors, advancing technologies, and new understanding of the basis for disease. This report will inform decision-making among federal health agencies, especially the Department of Health and Human Services; public health and clinical practitioners; non-governmental organizations; and policy makers, among others.
Book Synopsis A Life Course Perspective on Health Trajectories and Transitions by : Claudine Burton-Jeangros
Download or read book A Life Course Perspective on Health Trajectories and Transitions written by Claudine Burton-Jeangros and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-11 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book examines health trajectories and health transitions at different stages of the life course, including childhood, adulthood and later life. It provides findings that assess the role of biological and social transitions on health status over time. The essays examine a wide range of health issues, including the consequences of military service on body mass index, childhood obesity and cardiovascular health, socio-economic inequalities in preventive health care use, depression and anxiety during the child rearing period, health trajectories and transitions in people with cystic fibrosis and oral health over the life course. The book addresses theoretical, empirical and methodological issues as well as examines different national contexts, which help to identify factors of vulnerability and potential resources that support resilience available for specific groups and/or populations. Health reflects the ability of individuals to adapt to their social environment. This book analyzes health as a dynamic experience. It examines how different aspects of individual health unfold over time as a result of aging but also in relation to changing socioeconomic conditions. It also offers readers potential insights into public policies that affect the health status of a population.
Book Synopsis Palliative Care in Respiratory Disease by : Claudia Bausewein
Download or read book Palliative Care in Respiratory Disease written by Claudia Bausewein and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2016-09-01 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook on Health Inequality Monitoring by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Handbook on Health Inequality Monitoring written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2013 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Handbook on health inequality monitoring: with a special focus on low- and middle-income countries is a resource that enables countries to do just that. It presents a comprehensive yet clear overview of health inequality monitoring in a user-friendly manner. The handbook succeeds in giving those involved in health inequality monitoring an appreciation of the complexities of the process, as well as building the practical knowledge and skills for systematic monitoring of health inequalities in low- and middle-income countries. The use of the handbook will enable countries to better monitor and evaluate their progress and performance with a high degree of accountability and transparency, and allow them to use the results to formulate evidenced-based policies, programmes and practices to tackle inequalities in an effective manner."--Publisher's description.
Book Synopsis ˜Theœ Global Impact of Respiratory Disease by : Darcy D. Marciniuk
Download or read book ˜Theœ Global Impact of Respiratory Disease written by Darcy D. Marciniuk and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Health Gap written by Michael Marmot and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-09-10 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Punchily written ... He leaves the reader with a sense of the gross injustice of a world where health outcomes are so unevenly distributed' Times Literary Supplement 'Splendid and necessary' Henry Marsh, author of Do No Harm, New Statesman There are dramatic differences in health between countries and within countries. But this is not a simple matter of rich and poor. A poor man in Glasgow is rich compared to the average Indian, but the Glaswegian's life expectancy is 8 years shorter. The Indian is dying of infectious disease linked to his poverty; the Glaswegian of violent death, suicide, heart disease linked to a rich country's version of disadvantage. In all countries, people at relative social disadvantage suffer health disadvantage, dramatically so. Within countries, the higher the social status of individuals the better is their health. These health inequalities defy usual explanations. Conventional approaches to improving health have emphasised access to technical solutions – improved medical care, sanitation, and control of disease vectors; or behaviours – smoking, drinking – obesity, linked to diabetes, heart disease and cancer. These approaches only go so far. Creating the conditions for people to lead flourishing lives, and thus empowering individuals and communities, is key to reduction of health inequalities. In addition to the scale of material success, your position in the social hierarchy also directly affects your health, the higher you are on the social scale, the longer you will live and the better your health will be. As people change rank, so their health risk changes. What makes these health inequalities unjust is that evidence from round the world shows we know what to do to make them smaller. This new evidence is compelling. It has the potential to change radically the way we think about health, and indeed society.
Book Synopsis Breathing in America by : Dean E. Schraufnagel
Download or read book Breathing in America written by Dean E. Schraufnagel and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the nature and causes of pulmonary, critical care, and sleep disorders, their prevalence and burden, the benefits research has brought, and the research challenges that remain. Suitable for educated laypersons, this book presents basic facts about twenty-three different respiratory conditions and highlights the areas of research.
Book Synopsis Relationship Between Household Income and Childhood Respiratory Health by : Mara Violato
Download or read book Relationship Between Household Income and Childhood Respiratory Health written by Mara Violato and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent government reports in the United Kingdom (UK) and other countries have called for the implementation of policies and programmes to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in adverse child health outcomes. A number of observational studies conducted in North America have demonstrated a positive association between household income and child health outcomes, with some suggestion of a steepening of the income gradient during the later childhood years. Other health econometric studies in this area, most notably from the UK, point to a much weaker income effect upon child health throughout the childhood years. The conflicting evidence in this area motivates a further investigation into the extent to which the relationship between household income and child health might be spurious and driven by unobserved heterogeneity rather than representing a causal effect. Our study attempts to disentangle this nexus in the UK context using the instrumental variables approach, which will enable us to draw causal inferences by eliminating biases associated with unobservable factors. Our focus is upon adverse childhood respiratory outcomes, principally preschool asthma and wheezing, and is justified as follows. Firstly, respiratory illnesses are chronic conditions that require long-term care and, consequently, have a significant financial impact not only upon the national health system but also upon families and upon society as a whole. Secondly, existing evidence on socioeconomic patterning in childhood asthma and wheezing is contradictory and is derived mainly from empirical research outside of economics. Finally, to our knowledge, no comprehensive econometric examination of the causal relationship between socioeconomic factors and preschool asthma and wheezing using UK data has been carried out to date. We use data from the Millennium Cohort Study, a nationally representative birth cohort study collecting information on health, wealth, education, family and employment from parents of almost 19,000 children born in the UK in 2000-2001. Our analyses are undertaken using adverse respiratory health outcomes as dependent variables and household income as an independent variable. All models are adjusted for relevant controls, such as family history of asthma, smoking, breastfeeding and sociodemographic factors. Innovatively for the literature on respiratory diseases, we account for the endogeneity of the income variable by estimating probit models with instrumental variables. Appropriate instruments that are correlated with household income and simultaneously exogeneous to adverse respiratory health outcomes are included in the models. We anticipate that our results will increase understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between income and child health. A significant inverse relationship between household income and adverse childhood respiratory outcomes should inform government health and fiscal policy in this area and help to identify areas where government efforts on tackling child health inequalities might be targeted."""""
Book Synopsis Global Surveillance, Prevention and Control of Chronic Respiratory Diseases by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Global Surveillance, Prevention and Control of Chronic Respiratory Diseases written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2007 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, kill more than 4 million people every year, and affect hundreds of millions more. These diseases erode the health and well-being of the patients and have a negative impact on families and societies. This report raises awareness of the huge impact of chronic respiratory diseases worldwide, and highlights the risk factors as well as ways to prevent and treat these diseases.
