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Individual Tree Crown Delineation Using Multispectral Lidar Data
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Book Synopsis Individual Tree Crown Delineation Using Multispectral LiDAR Data by : Faizaan Naveed
Download or read book Individual Tree Crown Delineation Using Multispectral LiDAR Data written by Faizaan Naveed and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, multispectral Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data were utilized to improve delineation of individual tree crowns (ITC) as an important step in individual tree analysis. A framework to integrate spectral and height information for ITC delineation was proposed, and the multi-scale algorithm for treetop detection developed in one of our previous studies was improved. In addition, an advanced region-based segmentation method that used detected treetops as seeds was proposed for segmentation of individual crowns based on their spectral, contextual, and height information.
Book Synopsis Individual Tree Crown Delineation Using Multi-Wavelength Titan LiDAR Data by : F . Naveed
Download or read book Individual Tree Crown Delineation Using Multi-Wavelength Titan LiDAR Data written by F . Naveed and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inability to detect the Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) at an early stage has led to the enumerable loss of different species of ash trees. Due to the increasing risk being posed by the EAB, a robust and accurate method is needed for identifying Individual Tree Crowns (ITCs) that are at a risk of being infected or are already diseased.
Book Synopsis A Novel Approach for Individual Tree Crown Delineation Using LIDAR Data by : Tao Liu
Download or read book A Novel Approach for Individual Tree Crown Delineation Using LIDAR Data written by Tao Liu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Learning from Data by : Vladimir Cherkassky
Download or read book Learning from Data written by Vladimir Cherkassky and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-09-10 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An interdisciplinary framework for learning methodologies—covering statistics, neural networks, and fuzzy logic, this book provides a unified treatment of the principles and methods for learning dependencies from data. It establishes a general conceptual framework in which various learning methods from statistics, neural networks, and fuzzy logic can be applied—showing that a few fundamental principles underlie most new methods being proposed today in statistics, engineering, and computer science. Complete with over one hundred illustrations, case studies, and examples making this an invaluable text.
Book Synopsis Individual Tree Delineation and Species Identification in Deciduous and Mixed Canadian Forests Using High Spatial Resolution Airborne LiDAR and Image Data by : Jili Li
Download or read book Individual Tree Delineation and Species Identification in Deciduous and Mixed Canadian Forests Using High Spatial Resolution Airborne LiDAR and Image Data written by Jili Li and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis of individual trees in forests is of great value for the monitoring and sustainable management of forests. For the past decade, remote sensing has been a useful tool for individual tree analysis. However, accuracies of individual tree analysis remain insufficient because of the inadequate spatial resolution of most remote sensing data and unsophisticated methods. The improvement of individual tree analysis becomes feasible because of recent advances in LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) and airborne image sensing technologies. However, it is challenging to fully exploit and utilize small-footprint LiDAR data and high spatial resolution imagery for detailed tree analysis. This dissertation presents a number of effective methods on individual tree crown delineation and species classification to improve individual tree analysis with advanced remote sensing data. The individual tree crown delineation is composed of a five-step framework, which is unique in its automated determination of dominant crown sizes in a given forest scene and its determination of the number of trees in a segment based on LiDAR profiles. This framework correctly delineated 74% and 72% of the tree crowns in two plots with mixed-wood and deciduous trees, respectively. The study on individual tree species classification is focused on developing novel LiDAR and image features to characterize tree structures. First of all, coniferous and deciduous trees are classified. Features are extracted from LiDAR data to characterize crown shapes and vertical profiles of individual trees, followed by the C4.5 decision tree classification algorithm. Furthermore, groups of new LiDAR features are developed to characterize the internal structures of a tree. Important features are selected via a genetic algorithm and utilized in the multi-species classification based on linear discriminant analysis. An overall accuracy of 77 .5% is obtained for an investigation on 1, 122 sample trees in natural forests. In addition, statistical features based on gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and structural texture-features derived from the local binary pattern (LBP) method are proved to be useful to improve the species classification using high spatial resolution aerial image. The research demonstrates that LiDAR data and high spatial resolution images can be used to effectively characterize tree structures and improve the accuracy and efficiency of individual tree species identification.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Forestry and Natural Resources by : Donald L. Grebner
Download or read book Introduction to Forestry and Natural Resources written by Donald L. Grebner and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-01-19 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Forestry and Natural Resources, Second Edition, presents a broad, completely updated overview of the profession of forestry. The book details several key fields within forestry, including forest management, economics, policy, utilization and forestry careers. Chapters deal specifically with forest regions of the world, landowners, forest products, wildlife habitats, tree anatomy and physiology, and forest disturbances and health. These topics are ideal for undergraduate introductory courses and include numerous examples and questions for students to ponder. There is also a section dedicated to forestry careers. Unlike other introductory forestry texts, which focus largely on forest ecology rather than practical forestry concepts, this book encompasses the economic, ecological and social aspects, thus providing a uniquely balanced text. The wide range of experience of the contributing authors equips them especially well to identify missing content from other texts in the area and address topics currently covered in corresponding college courses. - Covers the application of forestry and natural resources around the world with a focus on practical applications and graphical examples - Describes basic techniques for measuring and evaluating forest resources and natural resources, including fundamental terminology and concepts - Includes management policies and their influence at the local, national and international levels
Book Synopsis Forestry Applications of Airborne Laser Scanning by : Matti Maltamo
Download or read book Forestry Applications of Airborne Laser Scanning written by Matti Maltamo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-04-08 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Airborne laser scanning (ALS) has emerged as one of the most promising remote sensing technologies to provide data for research and operational applications in a wide range of disciplines related to management of forest ecosystems. This book provides a comprehensive, state-of-the-art review of the research and application of ALS in a broad range of forest-related disciplines, especially forest inventory and forest ecology. However, this book is more than just a collection of individual contributions – it consists of a well-composed blend of chapters dealing with fundamental methodological issues and contributions reviewing and illustrating the use of ALS within various domains of application. The reviews provide a comprehensive and unique overview of recent research and applications that researchers, students and practitioners in forest remote sensing and forest ecosystem assessment should consider as a useful reference text.
Book Synopsis Object-based Image Analysis for the Delineation of Canopy Gaps and Individual Tree Crowns Using Multi-source Data by : Assunta Saliola
Download or read book Object-based Image Analysis for the Delineation of Canopy Gaps and Individual Tree Crowns Using Multi-source Data written by Assunta Saliola and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Methods for Estimating Individual Tree Crown Volume Using LIDAR Data by : H.P. Pokharel
Download or read book Methods for Estimating Individual Tree Crown Volume Using LIDAR Data written by H.P. Pokharel and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of International Conference on Remote Sensing for Disaster Management by : Peddada Jagadeeswara Rao
Download or read book Proceedings of International Conference on Remote Sensing for Disaster Management written by Peddada Jagadeeswara Rao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-23 with total page 851 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The natural disasters are the killer agents which can/can't be predicted even though we have modern technology. Every year, in one place or another, disasters striking which is devastating the area and surroundings, leading to ecological disruption besides huge loss of life and property. India is vulnerable to cyclones, landslides/avalanches, earthquakes, floods, droughts, forest fires, epidemics, etc. The 5700-km long coast of India, with its dense population is vulnerable to cyclones/low depressions, tsunamis, etc. The 2400-km long rugged Himalayan terrain is vulnerable to landslides, avalanches and earthquakes. India is not only vulnerable to natural disasters, it is also experiencing industrial accidents. The Bhopal Gas tragedy is one of the major man-made disasters in the world. The state of Andhra Pradesh has 970-km long coastline with two major rivers, etc. The conference is conducted in Visakhapatnam, is famous for industries and tourism. Recently, several industrial accidents took place, besides major natural disasters like Hud-Hud, etc. Disaster management shall be implemented from the grass root level in vulnerable areas to improve the capacity building, so as to minimize the losses. The capacity building coupled with technology results in reduction of loss of life and property.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the capability of quickbird data for automatic delineation of individual tree crowns in sparse deciduous forests by : Hamid Reza Riyahi Bakthyari
Download or read book Evaluation of the capability of quickbird data for automatic delineation of individual tree crowns in sparse deciduous forests written by Hamid Reza Riyahi Bakthyari and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2010-03-30 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work represents first attempts at delineating individual tree crowns in Zagros area using QuickBird data. The Zagros forest zone is the second important forest region of Iran with high ecological and socio-economic values and provides services to a significant parts of Iran’s human population. These forests are experiencing rapid degradation due to environmental and human impact at local scale. To efficiently manage these forests for conservation and other ecological purposes forest managers demand to have detailed information on forest composition and structure. Because of the wide extent as well as spatial structure of these forests, extracting the required information by means of traditional field based methods is time-consuming and costly, whilst application of low-medium resolution satellite imagery will not yield accurate and reliable results. It is, therefore, critically important to investigate the new advanced spaceborne remote sensing technologies that permit to extract detail information. Very high spatial resolution satellite imagery can supply forest management planning with individual tree based information, which was unfeasible to accomplish with the same efficiency and precision with moderate-resolution satellite imagery. Application to the Zagros forests face to the unique technical challenges including high variability in crown shape and size, strong effects of the background reflectance, and varying age and health condition. The capabilities of QuickBird imagery examined with the data acquired over the Oak forest site on the South West of Iran. Different image fusion techniques were applied to exploit optimal spatial and spectral information of this imagery. The core technical objective was selecting a fusion method with high fidelity of spectral and spatial information. Quality assessment of fused images showed that the PCA method performs better than the others in this study. Individual tree crowns were delineated using Marker Controlled Watershed and LoG methods. Marker Controlled Watershed method starts with detecting the significant edges, after that obtaining a relevant marker set, representing the locations of the individual tree crowns, then according to a certain rules delineate the Watersheds from the combination of markers and edges. The LoG method starts from converting image to the binary using Out´s method and then extracts significant edges using the Laplacian of Gaussian filter. It was then important to portray the overall effectiveness of the performed delineation methods. To evaluate the delineation results crown by crown accuracy assessment was performed. This accuracy considers the degree of correspondence between Computer- Generated Segments (CGS) and the actual Ground Reference Segments (GRS). Apparent quality measures and conditions for determining the delineation accuracy is defined and used. The accuracy assessment showed in this study that about 50% of crowns can be delineated with high accuracy (perfect match) in both methods. The LoG method seems well suited and approximately 58.1% of crowns were delineated with high accuracy (perfect match). The total rate of good matches for this method was 9.8%. There were few omissions errors. Commission errors, i.e., CGS not associated with GRS did not occur. Automated tree crown delineation in deciduous sparse forests with variable crown shape and size is a complicated procedure. In this study QuickBird imagery showed wide capabilities for individual tree crown delineation in sparse forests of Zagros region. Further investigations are also needed to document the potential of QuickBird imagery in different acquisition and forest types, such as more heterogeneous stands and complex topography.
Book Synopsis Advances in Computer Graphics by : Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann
Download or read book Advances in Computer Graphics written by Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-10 with total page 717 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 38th Computer Graphics International Conference, CGI 2021, held virtually in September 2021. The 44 full papers presented together with 9 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 131 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topics: computer animation; computer vision; geometric computing; human poses and gestures; image processing; medical imaging; physics-based simulation; rendering and textures; robotics and vision; visual analytics; VR/AR; and engage.
Book Synopsis Automated Approaches for Extracting Individual Tree Level Forest Information Using High Spatial Resolution Remotely Sensed Data by : Jun Hak Lee
Download or read book Automated Approaches for Extracting Individual Tree Level Forest Information Using High Spatial Resolution Remotely Sensed Data written by Jun Hak Lee and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detailed forest information is increasingly desired not only for forest management purposes but also for maintaining and enhancing sustainable forest ecosystems. Although precise measurements of forests can be gathered by field measurements, they are labor intensive and time consuming especially when obtaining enough measurements over large and heterogeneous forest areas. Therefore we need automated and accurate methods which can supplement field measurements. High spatial resolution remotely sensed data can be applied for this objective because developing technologies keep increasing spatial resolution and make it possible to handle large amounts of remotely sensed digital data by powerful computers at reasonable prices. Although high spatial resolution remotely sensed data holds the potential to be a valuable source of information for forest characteristics, a number of challenges still exist in extracting the desired information from this data. Therefore, it is critical to develop and improve automated methods to extract forest information. In this dissertation, I develop and improve the automated methods of extracting individual tree level forest biophysical parameters using high spatial resolution remotely sensed data. While there are many new remote sensing technologies, such as digital aerial photographs, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), radar, and multispectral (or hyperspectral) data, I mainly focus on small footprint LiDAR and aerial images (by digital frame camera) in this study, because these sensors can provide very high spatial resolution data, which are necessary to extract individual tree level biophysical characteristics. This study consists of three parts, which are basic procedures to exploit high spatial remotely sensed data to extract individual tree level forest biophysical parameters. All three studies are conducted in a mixed-conifer forest at Angelo Coast Range Reserve on the South Fork of the Eel River in Mendocino County, California, USA. First, I develop a robust method to reconstruct Digital Terrain Model (DTM) by classifying raw LiDAR points into ground and non-ground points with the Progressive Terrain Fragmentation (PTF) method. PTF applies iterative steps for searching terrain points by approximating terrain surfaces using the TIN (Triangulated Irregular Network) model constructed from the ground return points. Instead of using absolute slope or offset distance, the proposed method utilizes orthogonal distance to and relative angle between a triangular plane and a node. For that reason, PTF was able to classify raw LiDAR points into ground and non-ground points on a heterogeneous steep forested area with a small number of parameters. The results show the robust performance of the proposed method even under complex terrain conditions. Second, I develop an automated method to detect individual tree tops and delineate individual tree-crown boundaries using airborne LiDAR data. Because of heterogeneous site conditions, I divide the study site into two height classes (high and low trees). For high trees (>= 25 m), I detect tree tops by using a progressive window-size local maximum filter and I conduct an additional verification procedure to reduce false tree top detection by using the shape of canopy profiles between trees. Then, I delineate tree-crown boundaries by marker-controlled watershed segmentation. For low trees (
Download or read book Crown-condition Classification written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program of the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, conducts a national inventory of forests across the United States. A systematic subset of permanent inventory plots in 38 States is currently sampled every year for numerous forest health indicators. One of these indicators, crown-condition classification, is designed to estimate tree crown dimensions and assess the impact of crown stressors. The indicator features eight tree-level field measurements in addition to variables traditionally measured in conjunction with FIA inventories: vigor class, uncompacted live crown ratio, crown light exposure, crown position, crown density, crown dieback, foliage transparency, and crown diameter. Indicators of crown health derived from the crown data are intended for analyses at the State, regional, and national levels, and contribute to the core tabular output in standard FIA reports. Crown-condition measurements were originally implemented as part of the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) Program in 1990. Except for crown diameter, these measurements were continued when the FIA Program assumed responsibility for FHM plot-based detection monitoring in 2000. This report describes in detail the data collection and analytical techniques recommended for crown-condition classification.
Book Synopsis Mangrove Ecosystems: A Global Biogeographic Perspective by : Victor H. Rivera-Monroy
Download or read book Mangrove Ecosystems: A Global Biogeographic Perspective written by Victor H. Rivera-Monroy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-03 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive overview and analysis of mangrove ecological processes, structure, and function at the local, biogeographic, and global scales and how these properties interact to provide key ecosystem services to society. The analysis is based on an international collaborative effort that focuses on regions and countries holding the largest mangrove resources and encompasses the major biogeographic and socio-economic settings of mangrove distribution. Given the economic and ecological importance of mangrove wetlands at the global scale, the chapters aim to integrate ecological and socio-economic perspectives on mangrove function and management using a system-level hierarchical analysis framework. The book explores the nexus between mangrove ecology and the capacity for ecosystem services, with an emphasis on thresholds, multiple stressors, and local conditions that determine this capacity. The interdisciplinary approach and illustrative study cases included in the book will provide valuable resources in data, information, and knowledge about the current status of one of the most productive coastal ecosystem in the world.
Book Synopsis Forest Mensuration by : John A. Kershaw, Jr.
Download or read book Forest Mensuration written by John A. Kershaw, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-12-27 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest mensuration – the science of measurement applied to forest vegetation and forest products – holds value for basic ecology as well as sustainable forest management. As demands on the world’s forests have grown, scientists and professionals are increasingly called on to quantify forest composition, structure, and the goods and services forests provide. Grounded in geometry, sampling theory, and ecology as well as practical field experience, forest mensuration offers opportunities for creative problem solving and critical thinking. This fifth edition of the classic volume, Forest Mensuration, includes coverage of traditional and emerging topics, with attention to SI and Imperial units throughout. The book has been reorganised from the fourth edition to better integrate non-timber and ecological aspects of forest mensuration at the tree, stand, forest, and landscape scales throughout. The new edition includes new chapters that specifically address the integration of remotely sensed data in the forest inventory process, and inventory methods for dead and downed wood. One unifying theme, not only for traditional forestry but for the non-timber inventory and for remote sensing, is the use of covariates to make sampling more efficient and spatially explicit. This is introduced in the introductory chapter on statistics and the chapter on sampling designs has been restructured to highlight this approach and lay the foundation for further learning. New examples will be developed throughout the textbook with an emphasis on current issues and international practice. Students in applied forestry programs will find ample coverage of forest products and timber inventory, while expanded material on biodiversity, biomass and carbon inventory, downed dead wood, and the growing role of remote sensing in forest assessment will be valuable to a broader audience in applied ecology.
Book Synopsis 16th International Conference on Soft Computing Models in Industrial and Environmental Applications (SOCO 2021) by : Hugo Sanjurjo González
Download or read book 16th International Conference on Soft Computing Models in Industrial and Environmental Applications (SOCO 2021) written by Hugo Sanjurjo González and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-09-23 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book of Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing contains accepted papers presented at SOCO 2021 conference held in the beautiful and historic city of Bilbao (Spain), in September 2021. Soft computing represents a collection or set of computational techniques in machine learning, computer science, and some engineering disciplines, which investigate, simulate, and analyze very complex issues and phenomena. After a through peer-review process, the 16th SOCO 2021 International Program Committee selected 78 papers which are published in these conference proceedings and represents an acceptance rate of 48%. In this relevant edition, a special emphasis is put on the organization of special sessions. Seven special sessions are organized related to relevant topics as follows: applications of machine learning in computer vision; soft computing applied to autonomous robots and renewable energy systems; optimization, modeling, and control by soft computing techniques (OMCS); challenges and new approaches toward artificial intelligence deployments in real-world scenarios; time series forecasting in industrial and environmental applications (TSF); soft computing methods in manufacturing and management systems and applied machine learning. The selection of papers was extremely rigorous in order to maintain the high quality of the conference, and we would like to thank the members of the program committees for their hard work in the reviewing process. This is a crucial process to the creation of a high standard conference, and the SOCO conference would not exist without their help.
