Individual Differences In Learning And Memory

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Working Memory Capacity

Author : Nelson Cowan
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317232380
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Working Memory Capacity by : Nelson Cowan

Download or read book Working Memory Capacity written by Nelson Cowan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of one's memory "filling up" is a humorous misconception of how memory in general is thought to work; it actually has no capacity limit. However, the idea of a "full brain" makes more sense with reference to working memory, which is the limited amount of information a person can hold temporarily in an especially accessible form for use in the completion of almost any challenging cognitive task. This groundbreaking book explains the evidence supporting Cowan's theoretical proposal about working memory capacity, and compares it to competing perspectives. Cognitive psychologists profoundly disagree on how working memory is limited: whether by the number of units that can be retained (and, if so, what kind of units and how many), the types of interfering material, the time that has elapsed, some combination of these mechanisms, or none of them. The book assesses these hypotheses and examines explanations of why capacity limits occur, including vivid biological, cognitive, and evolutionary accounts. The book concludes with a discussion of the practical importance of capacity limits in daily life. This 10th anniversary Classic Edition will continue to be accessible to a wide range of readers and serve as an invaluable reference for all memory researchers.

Psychology and the Real World

Author : Richard W. Pew
Publisher : Worth
ISBN 13 : 9781464173950
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (739 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychology and the Real World by : Richard W. Pew

Download or read book Psychology and the Real World written by Richard W. Pew and published by Worth. This book was released on 2019-02-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychology and the Real World: Essays Illustrating Fundamental Contributions to Society is a collection of brief, personal, original essays, ranging in length from 2500 to 3500 words, in which leading academic psychologists describe what their area of research has contributed to society. The authors are true stars in the field of psychology. Some of their work (for example, Elizabeth Loftus’s studies of false memories, Paul Ekman’s research on facial expression, and Eliot Aronson’s “jigsaw,” or cooperative, classroom studies) is well known to the public. The research of others is less familiar to nonspecialists, but no less fascinating. The book is unique the world of textbook ancillaries in that it does not reprint writings. Rather, innovative psychological scientists clearly and entertainingly tell readers why their research matters and how their line of inquiry developed. The concept for the book came from the FABBS Foundation, a nonprofit educational foundation that supports the work of 22 scholarly societies that span the cognitive, psychological, behavioral, and brain sciences. The authors have volunteered their contributions. These authors have agreed that all grants, advances, and royalties and other financial earnings from this volume will go to the FABBS Foundation to support their educational mission.

Cognitive Individual Differences in Second Language Processing and Acquisition

Author : Gisela Granena
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027266328
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Individual Differences in Second Language Processing and Acquisition by : Gisela Granena

Download or read book Cognitive Individual Differences in Second Language Processing and Acquisition written by Gisela Granena and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-12-23 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive Individual Differences in Second Language Processing and Acquisition contains 14 chapters that focus on the role of cognitive IDs in L2 learning and processing. The book brings together theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of cognitive IDs, as well as empirical studies that investigate the mediating role of cognitive IDs in various linguistic domains. Chapters include contributions from researchers working within second language acquisition (SLA), psycholinguistics, and cognitive psychology, sharing a common interest in the application of cognitive IDs to their respective areas of study. The interdisciplinary understanding of cognitive IDs presented in this book makes the book of interest to a wide readership of graduate students, faculty members, and academic researchers in the fields of SLA, psycholinguistics, cognitive psychology, and education.

Learning and Memory

Author : Mark A. Gluck
Publisher : Macmillan Higher Education
ISBN 13 : 1319029299
Total Pages : 642 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Learning and Memory by : Mark A. Gluck

Download or read book Learning and Memory written by Mark A. Gluck and published by Macmillan Higher Education. This book was released on 2016-03-14 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its modular organization, consistent chapter structure, and contemporary perspective, this groundbreaking survey is ideal for courses on learning and memory, and is easily adaptable to courses that focus on either learning or memory. Instructors can assign the chapters they want from four distinctive modules (introduction, learning, memory, and integrative topics), with each chapter addressing behavioral processes, then the underlying neuroscience, then relevant clinical perspectives. The book is further distinguished by its full-color presentation and coverage that includes comparisons between studies of human and nonhuman brains. The new edition offers enhanced pedagogy and more coverage of animal learning.

How People Learn II

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309459672
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis How People Learn II by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book How People Learn II written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many reasons to be curious about the way people learn, and the past several decades have seen an explosion of research that has important implications for individual learning, schooling, workforce training, and policy. In 2000, How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School: Expanded Edition was published and its influence has been wide and deep. The report summarized insights on the nature of learning in school-aged children; described principles for the design of effective learning environments; and provided examples of how that could be implemented in the classroom. Since then, researchers have continued to investigate the nature of learning and have generated new findings related to the neurological processes involved in learning, individual and cultural variability related to learning, and educational technologies. In addition to expanding scientific understanding of the mechanisms of learning and how the brain adapts throughout the lifespan, there have been important discoveries about influences on learning, particularly sociocultural factors and the structure of learning environments. How People Learn II: Learners, Contexts, and Cultures provides a much-needed update incorporating insights gained from this research over the past decade. The book expands on the foundation laid out in the 2000 report and takes an in-depth look at the constellation of influences that affect individual learning. How People Learn II will become an indispensable resource to understand learning throughout the lifespan for educators of students and adults.

Discovering the Brain

Author : National Academy of Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309045290
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Discovering the Brain by : National Academy of Sciences

Download or read book Discovering the Brain written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Neural Plasticity and Memory

Author : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420008412
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Plasticity and Memory by : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni

Download or read book Neural Plasticity and Memory written by Federico Bermudez-Rattoni and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-17 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, multidisciplinary review, Neural Plasticity and Memory: From Genes to Brain Imaging provides an in-depth, up-to-date analysis of the study of the neurobiology of memory. Leading specialists share their scientific experience in the field, covering a wide range of topics where molecular, genetic, behavioral, and brain imaging techniq

Learning and Memory

Author : W. Scott Terry
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317224043
Total Pages : 885 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Learning and Memory by : W. Scott Terry

Download or read book Learning and Memory written by W. Scott Terry and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-16 with total page 885 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thoroughly updated edition provides a balanced review of the core methods and the latest research on animal learning and human memory. The relevance of basic principles is highlighted throughout via everyday examples to ignite student interest, along with more traditional examples from human and animal laboratory studies. Individual differences in age, gender, learning style, cultural background, or special abilities (such as the math gifted) are highlighted within each chapter to help students see how the principles may be generalized to other subject populations. The basic processes of learning – such as classical and instrumental conditioning and encoding and storage in long-term memory in addition to implicit memory, spatial learning, and remembering in the world outside the laboratory – are reviewed. The general rules of learning are described along with the exceptions, limitations, and best applications of these rules. The relationship between the fields of neuropsychology and learning and memory is stressed throughout. The relevance of this research to other disciplines is reflected in the tone of the writing and is demonstrated through a variety of examples from education, neuropsychology, rehabilitation, psychiatry, nursing and medicine, I/O and consumer psychology, and animal behavior. Each chapter begins with an outline and concludes with a detailed summary. A website for instructors and students accompanies the book. Updated throughout with new research findings and examples the new edition features: A streamlined presentation for today’s busy students. As in the past, the author supports each concept with a research example and real-life application, but the duplicate example or application now appears on the website so instructors can use the additional material to illustrate the concepts in class. Expanded coverage of neuroscience that reflects the current research of the field including aversive conditioning (Ch. 5) and animal working memory (Ch. 8). More examples of research on student learning that use the same variables discussed in the chapter, but applies them in a classroom or student’s study environment. This includes research that applies encoding techniques to student learning, for example: studying: recommendations from experts (Ch. 1); the benefits of testing (Ch. 9); and Joshua Foer’s Moonwalking with Einstein, on his quest to become a memory expert (Ch. 6). More coverage of unconscious learning and knowledge (Ch. 11). Increased coverage of reinforcement and addiction (Ch. 4), causal and language learning (Ch. 6), working memory (WM) and the effects of training on WM, and the comparative evolution of WM in different species (Ch. 8), and genetics and learning (Ch. 12).

Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition

Author : Aleksandra Gruszka
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781441912107
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition by : Aleksandra Gruszka

Download or read book Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition written by Aleksandra Gruszka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-16 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As cognitive models of behavior continue to evolve, the mechanics of cognitive exceptionality, with its range of individual variations in abilities and performance, remains a challenge to psychology. Reaching beyond the standard view of exceptional cognition equaling superior intelligence, the Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition examines the latest findings from psychobiology, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience, for a comprehensive state-of-the-art volume. Breaking down cognition in terms of attentional mechanisms, working memory, and higher-order processing, contributors discuss general models of cognition and personality. Chapter authors build on this foundation as they revisit current theory in such areas as processing effort and general arousal and examine emerging methods in individual differences research, including new data on the role of brain plasticity in cognitive function. The possibility of a unified theory of individual differences in cognitive ability and the extent to which these variables may account for real-world competencies are emphasized, and commentary chapters offer suggestions for further research priorities. Coverage highlights include: The relationship between cognition and temperamental traits. The development of autobiographical memory. Anxiety and attentional control. The neurophysiology of gender differences in cognitive ability. Intelligence and cognitive control. Individual differences in dual task coordination. The effects of subclinical depression on attention, memory, and reasoning. Mood as a shaper of information. Researchers, clinicians, and graduate students in psychology and cognitive sciences, including clinical psychology and neuropsychology, personality and social psychology, neuroscience, and education, will find the Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition an expert guide to the field as it currently stands and to its agenda for the future.

The Cambridge Handbook of Visuospatial Thinking

Author : Priti Shah
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521807104
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Visuospatial Thinking by : Priti Shah

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Visuospatial Thinking written by Priti Shah and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-07-25 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description

Educational Psychology

Author : Jonathon E. Larson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781606922767
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Educational Psychology by : Jonathon E. Larson

Download or read book Educational Psychology written by Jonathon E. Larson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of educational psychology is primarily concerned with teaching and learning. Educational psychology has a long historical past and an extensive record of conducting empirical research into the teaching/learning process. Educational psychology has also been involved with the topics of motivation, intelligence, memory, cognition, intellectual development and evaluation and assessment. Over the past 50 years, educational psychology has been predominantly involved with the learning processes of the " normal, average " student. However, over the past 20 years, mainstreaming and later inclusion has presented an additional challenge for educational psychologists and classroom teachers. This book presents leading research on cognition and learning, individual differences and motivation.

Individual Learner Differences in SLA

Author : Janusz Arabski
Publisher : Multilingual Matters
ISBN 13 : 1847694365
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (476 download)

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Book Synopsis Individual Learner Differences in SLA by : Janusz Arabski

Download or read book Individual Learner Differences in SLA written by Janusz Arabski and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2011-09-02 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning from the conflict between individual learner differences and the institutionalized, often inflexible character of formal language instruction, Individual Learner Differences in SLA addresses the fact that despite this apparent conflict, ultimate success in learning a language is widespread. Starting with theoretically-based chapters, the book follows the thread of learner differences through sections devoted to learner autonomy; differentiated application of learning strategies; diagnostic studies of experienced learners’ management of the learning process; and reports on phonological attainment and development of language skills. Rather than providing an overview of all individual variables, the book reveals how some of them shape and affect the processes of language acquisition and use in particular settings.

Individual Differences in Second Language Learning

Author : Peter Skehan
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317856546
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

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Book Synopsis Individual Differences in Second Language Learning by : Peter Skehan

Download or read book Individual Differences in Second Language Learning written by Peter Skehan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the way in which learners differ from one another is of fundamental concern to those involved in second-language acquisition, either as researchers or teachers. This account is the first to review at book length the important research into differences, considering matters such as aptitude, motivation, learner strategies, personality and interaction between learner characteristics and types of instruction.

How People Learn

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309131979
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis How People Learn by : National Research Council

Download or read book How People Learn written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-08-11 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First released in the Spring of 1999, How People Learn has been expanded to show how the theories and insights from the original book can translate into actions and practice, now making a real connection between classroom activities and learning behavior. This edition includes far-reaching suggestions for research that could increase the impact that classroom teaching has on actual learning. Like the original edition, this book offers exciting new research about the mind and the brain that provides answers to a number of compelling questions. When do infants begin to learn? How do experts learn and how is this different from non-experts? What can teachers and schools do-with curricula, classroom settings, and teaching methodsâ€"to help children learn most effectively? New evidence from many branches of science has significantly added to our understanding of what it means to know, from the neural processes that occur during learning to the influence of culture on what people see and absorb. How People Learn examines these findings and their implications for what we teach, how we teach it, and how we assess what our children learn. The book uses exemplary teaching to illustrate how approaches based on what we now know result in in-depth learning. This new knowledge calls into question concepts and practices firmly entrenched in our current education system. Topics include: How learning actually changes the physical structure of the brain. How existing knowledge affects what people notice and how they learn. What the thought processes of experts tell us about how to teach. The amazing learning potential of infants. The relationship of classroom learning and everyday settings of community and workplace. Learning needs and opportunities for teachers. A realistic look at the role of technology in education.

Encyclopedia of Adolescence

Author : B. Bradford Brown
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123739519
Total Pages : 1294 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (237 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Adolescence by : B. Bradford Brown

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Adolescence written by B. Bradford Brown and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-06-06 with total page 1294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The period of adolescence involves growth, adaptation, and dramatic reorganization in almost every aspect of social and psychological development. The Encyclopedia of Adolescence, Three Volume Set offers an exhaustive and comprehensive review of current theory and research findings pertaining to this critical decade of life. Leading scientists offer accessible and easily readable reviews of biological, social, educational, occupational, and cultural factors that shape adolescent development. Issues in normative development, individual differences, and psychopathology/maladjustment are reviewed. Over 130 chapters are included, each covering a specific aspect or issue of adolescence. The chapters trace differences in the course of adolescence in different nations and among youth with different backgrounds.The encyclopedia brings together cross-disciplinary contributors, including academic researchers, biologists, psychiatrists, sociologists, anthropologists and public policy experts, and will include authors from around the world. Each article features an in-depth analysis of current information on the topic, along with a glossary, suggested readings for further information, and cross-references to related encyclopedia articles. The volumes offer an unprecedented resource for all audiences, providing a more comprehensive understanding of general topics compared to other reference works on the subject.Available both in print and online via SciVerse Science Direct. Winner of the 2011 PROSE Award for Multivolume Reference in Humanities & Social Science from the Association of American Publishers; and named a 2012 Outstanding Academic Title by the American Library Association's Choice publication Brings together cross-disciplinary contributors, including developmental psychologists, educational psychologists, clinical psychologists, biologists, psychiatrists, sociologists, anthropologists and public policy experts Published both in print and via Elsevier's ScienceDirectTM online platform

New Perspectives on Individual Differences in Language Learning and Teaching

Author : Mirosław Pawlak
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642208495
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis New Perspectives on Individual Differences in Language Learning and Teaching by : Mirosław Pawlak

Download or read book New Perspectives on Individual Differences in Language Learning and Teaching written by Mirosław Pawlak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-07 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume constitutes an attempt to capture the intricate relationship between individual learner differences and other variables which are of interest to theorists, researchers and practitioners representing such diverse branches of applied linguistics as psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, pragmatics or language teaching methodology. It brings together contributions by Polish and international authors, including leading experts in the field, touching upon changing perspectives on individual variation, cognitive, affective and social variables, learning deficits as well as their impact on learning and teaching. It offers a multifaceted perspective on these problems and shows how theory and research can be translated into classroom practice.

The Cambridge Handbook of Motivation and Learning

Author : K. Ann Renninger
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316832473
Total Pages : 1172 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (168 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Motivation and Learning by : K. Ann Renninger

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Motivation and Learning written by K. Ann Renninger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 1172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading researchers in educational and social psychology, learning science, and neuroscience, this edited volume is suitable for a wide-academic readership. It gives definitions of key terms related to motivation and learning alongside developed explanations of significant findings in the field. It also presents cohesive descriptions concerning how motivation relates to learning, and produces a novel and insightful combination of issues and findings from studies of motivation and/or learning across the authors' collective range of scientific fields. The authors provide a variety of perspectives on motivational constructs and their measurement, which can be used by multiple and distinct scientific communities, both basic and applied.