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Income Redistribution And The Realignment Of American Politics
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Book Synopsis Income Redistribution and the Realignment of American Politics by : Nolan M. McCarty
Download or read book Income Redistribution and the Realignment of American Politics written by Nolan M. McCarty and published by A E I Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What kinds of considerations have historically had an important influence on congressional voting patterns? This analysis demonstrates that income redistribution implications have had a strong and persistent effect on national policy.
Book Synopsis Realignment in American Politics by : Bruce A. Campbell
Download or read book Realignment in American Politics written by Bruce A. Campbell and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 1980-05-01 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To have a voice in shaping government policy has been a goal of the American people since the nation's founding. Yet, government seems even less accessible now than in the past. An increasing rate of incumbency in Congress, the unwieldy committee system that controls legislation, and the decline of political parties have all weakened representation and alienated Americans from the seat of power. The one remaining way to produce major and coherent change in national policy is through partisan realignment—a sharp, enduring shift in voter support of the two major parties. This book is about the phenomenon of realignment in American politics. It not only brings together and assesses previous work in the area but also breaks new ground in the analysis of the effects of realignment on political elites and public policy. In addition, it is the first study to present an integrated theory of realignment that can be applied to the understanding of mass, elite, and policy change in times of social crisis. Contributors include Lawrence McMichael, David Nexon, Louis Seagull, Robert Lehnen, Philip Converse, Gregory Markus, Lester Seligman, Michael King, David Brady, Kenneth Meier, Kenneth Kramer, David Adamany, Charles Stewart, Susan Hansen, and the editors.Bruce A. Campbell taught political science at the University of Georgia. He is the author of The American Electorate.
Book Synopsis The Politics of Income Inequality in the United States by : Nathan J. Kelly
Download or read book The Politics of Income Inequality in the United States written by Nathan J. Kelly and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-30 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book revolves around one central question: do political dynamics have a systematic and predictable influence on distributional outcomes in the United States? The answer is a resounding yes. Utilizing data from mass income surveys, elite surveys and aggregate time series, as well as theoretical insights from both American and comparative politics, Kelly shows that income inequality is a fundamental part of the US macro political system. Shifts in public opinion, party control of government and the ideological direction of policy all have important consequences for distributional outcomes. Specifically, shifts to the left produce reductions in inequality through two mechanisms - explicit redistribution and market conditioning. Whereas many previous studies focus only on the distributional impact of redistribution, this book shows that such a narrow strategy is misguided. In fact, market mechanisms matter far more than traditional redistribution in translating macro political shifts into distributional outcomes.
Book Synopsis The Politics of Place and the Limits of Redistribution by : Melissa Ziegler Rogers
Download or read book The Politics of Place and the Limits of Redistribution written by Melissa Ziegler Rogers and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-14 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous scholars have noticed that certain political institutions, including federalism, majoritarian electoral systems, and presidentialism, are linked to lower levels of income redistribution. This book offers a political geography explanation for those observed patterns. Each of these institutions is strongly shaped by geography and provides incentives for politicians to target their appeals and government resources to localities. Territorialized institutions also shape citizens’ preferences in ways that can undermine the national coalition in favor of redistribution. Moreover, territorial institutions increase the number of veto points in which anti-redistributive actors can constrain reform efforts. These theoretical connections between the politics of place and redistributive outcomes are explored in theory, empirical analysis, and case studies of the USA, Germany, and Argentina.
Book Synopsis Economics of Income Redistribution by : Gordon Tullock
Download or read book Economics of Income Redistribution written by Gordon Tullock and published by Springer. This book was released on 1983 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While income redistribution is one of the most important functions of modern governments, the world has changed greatly since this first edition of Economics of Income Redistribution was published in 1983. Pension systems and medical programs are in a state of crisis in many parts of the world and the general political mood is shifting away from income redistribution. Economics of Income Redistribution (2nd edition) brings this work up to date by discussing the economic and political aspects of income redistribution. It examines the classical moral objective of redistribution to assist the poor, as well as income transfer for pensions, education and intra-family gift giving.
Book Synopsis Political Demands, Governmental System Characteristics, and Income Redistribution in the American States by : Gary H. Brooks
Download or read book Political Demands, Governmental System Characteristics, and Income Redistribution in the American States written by Gary H. Brooks and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Political Responses to Economic Change by : William Patrick Marble
Download or read book Political Responses to Economic Change written by William Patrick Marble and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three papers comprising this dissertation investigate how economic conditions affect American politics. I pay particular attention to the politics of individual issue areas, drawing on theory from political economy and public opinion research. In the first paper, I address growing realignment along educational lines in American politics. Just as the returns to a college degree have increased in recent decades, the voting behavior of those with and without college degrees has changed. Working class white voters -- long a key Democratic constituency -- have turned to the Republican Party in recent decades. Meanwhile, the Democratic Party increasingly draws its support from college-educated white voters and racial minorities. Using survey data from 1984 to 2020 and an issue voting framework, I show that this realignment corresponds with three trends. First, while college-educated white voters have long been more liberal on cultural issues, they are now also more liberal than those without college degrees on issues of redistribution. Across a variety of issues, college-educated voters now stand to the left of the working class, pushing them toward the Democratic Party. Second, I exploit variation in local labor markets to show that growing income inequality between college- and non-college workers has contributed to the leftward economic shift of college-educated voters. Third, since the early 2000s, non-college voters have come to base their votes on cultural issues to the same degree as college-educated voters. For decades, cultural issues have pushed college-educated voters towards Democrats; however, only in recent years have those issues pushed non-college voters toward Republicans. In sum, the educational realignment among white voters is due to increasingly liberalism among the college-educated and an increased salience of cultural issues for those without college degrees. This finding has implications for the politics of redistribution, fiscal policy, and populism. In the second paper, I investigate the effect that local economic conditions have on candidates' campaign messaging. While local economies are diverging, political behavior appears to have nationalized -- potentially presenting an accountability problem if politicians are not responsive to the conditions within their districts. I draw on televised campaign advertisements to measure the issues that congressional candidates prioritize in their campaigns, and relate them to local labor market conditions. Despite growing political nationalization, I find that candidates are responsive to the economic conditions that their constituents face. Candidates in high-unemployment areas focus their campaigns on jobs and employment, while decreasing emphasis on the safety net. The magnitude of these effects varies by party in a way consistent with strategic issue emphasis. These findings suggest that economic geography helps to constrain political nationalization. The final paper, co-authored with Clayton Nall, studies the politics of local housing development -- a policy area made more important by rising geographic inequality. In high-opportunity metro areas -- which are often liberal on matters of national politics -- local political constraints on housing construction increase home prices. This affordability problem benefits current homeowners at the expense of lower-income renters, who may be priced out of the nation's most productive regions. We investigate the cross-pressuring that liberal homeowners may experience on matters of local land use. We find that self-interest, rather than ideology, structures citizens' attitudes toward building more housing. Liberal homeowners tend to oppose housing development, even when reminded of the benefits for poorer families. In contrast, renters of all political orientations show much higher support for new housing construction. This finding suggests that local governments, which are often beholden to incumbent homeowners, are unlikely to solve the affordability crisis on their own. Moreover, it suggests that public opinion over local policies -- which often present large, easily identifiable consequences -- do not map neatly onto national-level political ideology.
Book Synopsis Political Parties, Games and Redistribution by : Rosa Mulé
Download or read book Political Parties, Games and Redistribution written by Rosa Mulé and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-01-08 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of the impact of party politics on income redistribution policy in liberal democracies.
Book Synopsis Party, Process, and Political Change in Congress, Volume 1 by : David W. Brady
Download or read book Party, Process, and Political Change in Congress, Volume 1 written by David W. Brady and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that, despite the scholarly emphasis on 20th-century congressional history, it is necessary to study the nation's first 150 years in order to understand more fully the evolution and functioning of the modern Congress.
Book Synopsis Inequality and American Democracy by : Lawrence R. Jacobs
Download or read book Inequality and American Democracy written by Lawrence R. Jacobs and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2005-08-25 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the twentieth century, the United States ended some of its most flagrant inequalities. The "rights revolution" ended statutory prohibitions against women's suffrage and opened the doors of voting booths to African Americans. Yet a more insidious form of inequality has emerged since the 1970s—economic inequality—which appears to have stalled and, in some arenas, reversed progress toward realizing American ideals of democracy. In Inequality and American Democracy, editors Lawrence Jacobs and Theda Skocpol headline a distinguished group of political scientists in assessing whether rising economic inequality now threatens hard-won victories in the long struggle to achieve political equality in the United States. Inequality and American Democracy addresses disparities at all levels of the political and policy-making process. Kay Lehman Scholzman, Benjamin Page, Sidney Verba, and Morris Fiorina demonstrate that political participation is highly unequal and strongly related to social class. They show that while economic inequality and the decreasing reliance on volunteers in political campaigns serve to diminish their voice, middle class and working Americans lag behind the rich even in protest activity, long considered the political weapon of the disadvantaged. Larry Bartels, Hugh Heclo, Rodney Hero, and Lawrence Jacobs marshal evidence that the U.S. political system may be disproportionately responsive to the opinions of wealthy constituents and business. They argue that the rapid growth of interest groups and the increasingly strict party-line voting in Congress imperils efforts at enacting policies that are responsive to the preferences of broad publics and to their interests in legislation that extends economic and social opportunity. Jacob Hacker, Suzanne Mettler, and Dianne Pinderhughes demonstrate the feedbacks of government policy on political participation and inequality. In short supply today are inclusive public policies like the G.I. Bill, Social Security legislation, the War on Poverty, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that changed the American political climate, mobilized interest groups, and altered the prospect for initiatives to stem inequality in the last fifty years. Inequality and American Democracy tackles the complex relationships between economic, social, and political inequality with authoritative insight, showcases a new generation of critical studies of American democracy, and highlights an issue of growing concern for the future of our democratic society.
Book Synopsis The Economics of Rising Inequalities by : Daniel Cohen
Download or read book The Economics of Rising Inequalities written by Daniel Cohen and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2002-10-24 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an in-depth discussion of rising inequalities in the western world. It explores the extent to which rising inequalities are the mechanical consequence of changes in economic fundamentals (such as changes in technological or demographic parameters), and to what extent they are the contingent consequences of country-specific and time-specific changes in institutions. Both the 'fundamentalist' view and the 'institutionalist' view have some relevance. For instance, the decline of traditional manufacturing employment since the 1970s has been associated in every developed country with a rise of labor-market inequality (the inequality of labor earnings within the working-age population has gone up in all countries), which lends support to the fundamentalist view. But, on the other hand, everybody agrees that institutional differences (minimum wage, collective bargaining, tax and transfer policy, etc.) between Continental European countries and Anglo-Saxon countries explain why disposable income inequality trajectories have been so different in those two groups of countries during the 1980s-90s, which lends support to the institutionalist view. The chapters in this volume show the strength of both views. Through empirical evidence and new theoretical insights the contributors argue that institutions always play a crucial role in shaping inequalities, and sometimes preventing them, but that inequalities across age, sex, and skills often recur. From Sweden to Spain and Portugal, from Italy to Japan and the USA, the volume explores the diversity of the interplay between market forces and institutions.
Book Synopsis Principles and Practice of American Politics by : Samuel Kernell
Download or read book Principles and Practice of American Politics written by Samuel Kernell and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining timeless readings with cutting-edge articles and essays, Principles and Practice of American Politics, Seventh Edition, enriches your understanding of the American political system by examining the strategic behavior of key players in U.S. politics. This collection of classic and contemporary readings brings concepts to life by providing you with real examples of how political actors are influenced by the strategies of others and are governed by the Constitution, the law, and institutional rules. Carefully edited by award-winning authors Samuel Kernell and Steven S. Smith, each reading is put into context to help you understand how political actions fall within a major national political forum. New to the Seventh Edition Nine new and updated essays encourage you to reflect on the continuing debates over the polarization of the American electorate and Congress, the role of social media and “fake news” in influencing public views of politicians and issues, the fragile Trump coalition, the efficacy of polling in tracking public opinion, and other issues more relevant than ever in the wake of the 2016 elections. Additional essays challenge you to think more carefully about alternative institutions and political arrangements. The new essays present institutions of majority rule, the nature of racial discrimination, and the proper role of the court as less settled issues that provide students an opportunity to think through (and discuss) their views on the future direction of American civic life. Each selection is artfully framed by Kernell and Smith’s contextual headnotes to make them appropriate for classroom use. Original readings written specifically for the volume give the book a coherent treatment of the performance of U.S. political institutions.
Book Synopsis American Trade Politics, 4th Edition by :
Download or read book American Trade Politics, 4th Edition written by and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this comprehensive revision of the most influential, widely read analysis of the US trade policymaking system, Destler addresses how globalization has reshaped trade politics, weakening traditional protectionism but intensifying concern about trade's societal impacts. Entirely new chapters treat the deepening of partisan divisions and the rise of "trade and..." issues (especially labor and the environment). The author concludes with a comprehensive economic and political strategy to cope with globalization and maximize its benefits. The original edition of American Trade Politics won the Gladys Kammerer Award of the American Political Science Association for the best book on US national policy.
Book Synopsis Congress Reconsidered by : Lawrence C. Dodd
Download or read book Congress Reconsidered written by Lawrence C. Dodd and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2020-12-22 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its first edition, Congress Reconsidered was designed to make available the best contemporary work from leading congressional scholars in a form that is both challenging and accessible to undergraduates. With their Twelfth Edition, Lawrence C. Dodd, Bruce I. Oppenheimer, and C. Lawrence Evans continue this tradition as their contributors focus on how various aspects of Congress have changed over time: C. Lawrence Evans partners with Wendy Schiller to discuss the U.S. Senate and the meaning of dysfunction; Molly E. Reynolds analyzes the politics of the budget and appropriations process in a polarized Congress; and Danielle M. Thomsen looks at the role of women and voter preferences in the 2018 elections. With a strong new focus on political polarization, this bestselling volume remains on the cutting edge with key insights into the workings of Congress.
Book Synopsis Congress and Policy Making in the 21st Century by : Jeffery A. Jenkins
Download or read book Congress and Policy Making in the 21st Century written by Jeffery A. Jenkins and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-02-15 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Congress is frequently said to be 'broken', 'dysfunctional', and 'weak', but how does the contemporary Congress really work? Does Congress have the capacity to solve major policy problems? Can it check an aggrandizing executive, oversee a powerful Federal Reserve, and represent the American people? Can Congress cope with vast changes in the American political economy, including rising income inequality? Congress and Policy Making in the 21st Century takes a fresh look at the performance of Congress in the domestic arena, focusing on issues such as immigration, health care, and the repeal of 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell'. With original contributions from leading scholars, this important volume examines how Congress tackles - and fails to tackle - key policy challenges in an era of growing social diversity and ideological polarization. Rich in analysis and illuminating detail, the book reveals the full complexity of the institution at work.
Book Synopsis The Inclusionary Turn in Latin American Democracies by : Diana Kapiszewski
Download or read book The Inclusionary Turn in Latin American Democracies written by Diana Kapiszewski and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-04 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Latin American states took dramatic steps toward greater inclusion during the late twentieth and early twenty-first Centuries. Bringing together an accomplished group of scholars, this volume examines this shift by introducing three dimensions of inclusion: official recognition of historically excluded groups, access to policymaking, and resource redistribution. Tracing the movement along these dimensions since the 1990s, the editors argue that the endurance of democratic politics, combined with longstanding social inequalities, create the impetus for inclusionary reforms. Diverse chapters explore how factors such as the role of partisanship and electoral clientelism, constitutional design, state capacity, social protest, populism, commodity rents, international diffusion, and historical legacies encouraged or inhibited inclusionary reform during the late 1990s and early 2000s. Featuring original empirical evidence and a strong theoretical framework, the book considers cross-national variation, delves into the surprising paradoxes of inclusion, and identifies the obstacles hindering further fundamental change.
Book Synopsis Principles and Practice of American Politics by : Steven S. Smith
Download or read book Principles and Practice of American Politics written by Steven S. Smith and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2024-08-28 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining timeless readings with cutting-edge, current selections, Principles and Practice of American Politics effectively animates today′s institutions and political arrangements in the study of American Government and politics. Each selection is artfully framed by contextual headnotes, and many of the readings are written specifically for the volume. The Eighth Edition includes readings that present institutions of majority rule, the nature of racial discrimination, the proper role of the court, and other issues that provide students an opportunity to think through and discuss their views on the future direction of American civic life.
