Incest Avoidance And The Incest Taboos

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Incest Avoidance and the Incest Taboos

Author : Arthur P. Wolf
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804791694
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Incest Avoidance and the Incest Taboos by : Arthur P. Wolf

Download or read book Incest Avoidance and the Incest Taboos written by Arthur P. Wolf and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-16 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do most people never have sex with close relatives? And why do they disapprove of other people doing so? Incest Avoidance and Incest Taboos investigates our human inclination to avoid incest and the powerful taboo against incest found in all societies. Both subjects stir strong feelings and vigorous arguments within and beyond academic circles. With great clarity, Wolf lays out the modern assumptions about both, concluding that all previous approaches lack precision and balance on insecure evidence. Researchers he calls "constitutionalists" explain human incest avoidance by biologically-based natural aversion, but fail to explain incest taboos as cultural universals. By contrast, "conventionalists" ignore the evolutionary roots of avoidance and assume that incest avoidant behavior is guided solely by cultural taboos. Both theories are incomplete. Wolf tests his own theory with three natural experiments: bint'amm (cousin) marriage in Morocco, the rarity of marriage within Israeli kibbutz peer groups, and "minor marriages" (in which baby girls were raised by their future mother-in-law to marry an adoptive "brother") in China and Taiwan. These cross-cultural comparisons complete his original and intellectually rich theory of incest, one that marries biology and culture by accounting for both avoidance and taboo.

Incest Avoidance and the Incest Taboos

Author : Arthur Wolf
Publisher : Stanford Briefs
ISBN 13 : 9780804789677
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Incest Avoidance and the Incest Taboos by : Arthur Wolf

Download or read book Incest Avoidance and the Incest Taboos written by Arthur Wolf and published by Stanford Briefs. This book was released on 2014-04-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do most people never have sex with close relatives? And why do they disapprove of other people doing so? Incest Avoidance and Incest Taboos investigates our human inclination to avoid incest and the powerful taboo against incest found in all societies. Both subjects stir strong feelings and vigorous arguments within and beyond academic circles. With great clarity, Wolf lays out the modern assumptions about both, concluding that all previous approaches lack precision and balance on insecure evidence. Researchers he calls "constitutionalists" explain human incest avoidance by biologically-based natural aversion, but fail to explain incest taboos as cultural universals. By contrast, "conventionalists" ignore the evolutionary roots of avoidance and assume that incest avoidant behavior is guided solely by cultural taboos. Both theories are incomplete. Wolf tests his own theory with three natural experiments: bint'amm (cousin) marriage in Morocco, the rarity of marriage within Israeli kibbutz peer groups, and "minor marriages" (in which baby girls were raised by their future mother-in-law to marry an adoptive "brother") in China and Taiwan. These cross-cultural comparisons complete his original and intellectually rich theory of incest, one that marries biology and culture by accounting for both avoidance and taboo.

Inbreeding, Incest, and the Incest Taboo

Author : Arthur P. Wolf
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804751412
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Inbreeding, Incest, and the Incest Taboo by : Arthur P. Wolf

Download or read book Inbreeding, Incest, and the Incest Taboo written by Arthur P. Wolf and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why is incest widely prohibited? Why does the scope of the prohibition vary from society to society? Why does incest occur despite the prohibition? What are the consequences? To reexamine these questions, this book brings together contributions from the fields of genetics, behavioral biology, primatology, biological and social anthropology, philosophy, and psychiatry.

Incest

Author : Jonathan H. Turner
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317257677
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Incest by : Jonathan H. Turner

Download or read book Incest written by Jonathan H. Turner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-12-03 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout history humans have been fascinated with incest. Stories, fables, literature, philosophers, church officials, and scientists have explored this mysterious topic. The taboo is critical to human survival, as incest threatens the species and patterns of human social organization. Drawing upon the rich legacy of theory, empirical data, and speculation about the origins of the incest taboo, this book develops a new explanation for, not only the emergence of the taboo in hominid and human evolutionary history, but also for the varying strength of the taboo for the incestuous dyads of the nuclear family, the different rates of incest of these dyads, and the dramatic differences the psychological pathology incest has on its younger victims. Synthesizing findings from biology, sociobiology, neurology, primatology, clinical psychology, anthropology, and sociology, the authors weave together a scenario of how natural selection initially generated mechanisms of sexual avoidance; and then, as the nuclear family emerged in hominid and human evolution, how sociocultural selection led to the development of the incest taboo.

Sexual Attraction and Childhood Association

Author : Arthur P. Wolf
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780804724265
Total Pages : 561 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (242 download)

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Book Synopsis Sexual Attraction and Childhood Association by : Arthur P. Wolf

Download or read book Sexual Attraction and Childhood Association written by Arthur P. Wolf and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1891, the anthropologist Edward Westermarck proposed that early childhood association inhibits sexual attraction and that this aversion was manifested in custom and law as the basis of the universal incest taboo. Then, in 1910, in the essays later published as Totem and Taboo, Sigmund Freud challenged the "Westermarck hypothesis" on the ground that "the earliest sexual excitations of youthful human beings are invariably of an incestuous character." The incest taboo only existed, Freud argued, because of this natural propensity. Freud's challenge carried the day and became the standard view throughout the social and biological sciences. Consequently, the question was: why do all societies repress this natural inclination? Biologists argued that the incest taboo protected us from dangers of inbreeding; sociologists argued that it was necessary to prevent sexual rivalry that would destroy the family; and anthropologists saw the real purpose of the taboo as forcing families to exchange women in marriage. The book uses a wide range of research - from studies of nonhuman primates to reports of incestuous child abuse - from African divorce practices to animal behavior - to demonstrate that Westermarck was right and Freud wrong. It shows that there is a critical period in human development - approximately the first thirty months of life - during which association permanently inhibits sexual attraction. It concludes that the incest taboo is unnecessary and cannot be explained in functional terms, and that encouraging early association between father and daughter is probably the best way of preventing sexual abuse.

Totem and Taboo

Author : Sigmund Freud
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Totem and Taboo by : Sigmund Freud

Download or read book Totem and Taboo written by Sigmund Freud and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Incest and the Medieval Imagination

Author : Elizabeth Archibald
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191540854
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Incest and the Medieval Imagination by : Elizabeth Archibald

Download or read book Incest and the Medieval Imagination written by Elizabeth Archibald and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2001-05-24 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Incest is a remarkably frequent theme in medieval literature; it occurs in a wide range of genres, including romances, saints's lives, and exempla. Historically, the Church in the later Middle Ages was very concerned about breaches of the complex laws against incest, which was defined very broadly at the time to cover family relationships outside the nuclear family and also spiritual relationships through baptism. Medieval writers accepted that incestuous desire was a widespread phenomenon among women as well as men. They are surprisingly open about incest, though of course they disapprove of it; in many exemplary stories incest is identified with original sin, but the moral emphasizes the importance of contrition and the availability of grace even to such heinous sinners. This study begins with a brief account of the development of medieval incest laws, and the extent to which they were obeyed. Next comes a survey of classical incest stories and their legacy; many were retold in the Middle Ages, but they were frequently adapted to the purposes of Christian moralizers. In the three chapters that follow, homegrown medieval incest stories are grouped by relationship: mother-son (focusing on the Gregorius legend), father-daughter (focusing on La Manekine and its analogues), and sibling (focusing on the Arthurian legend). The final chapter considers the very common medieval trope of the Virgin Mary as mother, daughter, sister and bride of Christ, the one exception to the incest taboo. In western society today, incest has recently been recognized as a serious social problem, and has also become a frequent theme in both fiction and non-fiction, just as it was in the Middle Ages. This interdisciplinary study is the first broad survey of medieval incest stories in Latin and the vernaculars (mainly French, English and German). It situates the incest theme in both literary and cultural contexts, and offers many thought-provoking comparisons and contrasts to our own society in terms of gender relations, the power of patriarchy, the role of religious institutions in regulating morality, and the relationship between life and literature.

Behaviour, Development and Evolution

Author : Patrick Bateson
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1783742518
Total Pages : 125 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis Behaviour, Development and Evolution by : Patrick Bateson

Download or read book Behaviour, Development and Evolution written by Patrick Bateson and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2017-02-20 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of parents in shaping the characters of their children, the causes of violence and crime, and the roots of personal unhappiness are central to humanity. Like so many fundamental questions about human existence, these issues all relate to behavioural development. In this lucid and accessible book, eminent biologist Professor Sir Patrick Bateson suggests that the nature/nurture dichotomy we often use to think about questions of development in both humans and animals is misleading. Instead, he argues that we should pay attention to whole systems, rather than to simple causes, when trying to understand the complexity of development. In his wide-ranging approach Bateson discusses why so much behaviour appears to be well-designed. He explores issues such as ‘imprinting’ and its importance to the attachment of offspring to their parents; the mutual benefits that characterise communication between parent and offspring; the importance of play in learning how to choose and control the optimal conditions in which to thrive; and the vital function of adaptability in the interplay between development and evolution. Bateson disputes the idea that a simple link can be found between genetics and behaviour. What an individual human or animal does in its life depends on the reciprocal nature of its relationships with the world about it. This knowledge also points to ways in which an animal’s own behaviour can provide the variation that influences the subsequent course of evolution. This has relevance not only for our scientific approaches to the systems of development and evolution, but also on how humans change institutional rules that have become dysfunctional, or design public health measures when mismatches occur between themselves and their environments. It affects how we think about ourselves and our own capacity for change.

Consanguinity in Context

Author : Alan H. Bittles
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107376939
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Consanguinity in Context by : Alan H. Bittles

Download or read book Consanguinity in Context written by Alan H. Bittles and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-24 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential guide to this major contemporary issue, Consanguinity in Context is a uniquely comprehensive account of intra-familial marriage. Detailed information on past and present religious, social and legal practices and prohibitions is presented as a backdrop to the preferences and beliefs of the 1100+ million people in consanguineous unions. Chapters on population genetics, and the role of consanguinity in reproductive behaviour and genetic variation, set the scene for critical analyses of the influence of consanguinity on health in the early years of life. The discussion on consanguinity and disorders of adulthood is the first review of its kind and is particularly relevant given the ageing of the global population. Incest is treated as a separate issue, with historical and present-day examples examined. The final three chapters deal in detail with practical issues, including genetic testing, education and counselling, national and international legislation and imperatives, and the future of consanguineous marriage worldwide.

The Original Sin

Author : W. Arens
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The Original Sin by : W. Arens

Download or read book The Original Sin written by W. Arens and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1986 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arguing against the conventional view--that the incest taboo developed in response to the act of incest--The Original Sin presents biological and anthropological evidence to demonstrate the innate avoidance of incest as a feature of pre-cultural organization. Arens shows how the taboo evolved as a unique human social mechanism to control the practice among certain social classes, thus drawing the conclusion that incest, rather than its prohibition, is the cultural invention. Arens directly confronts the origin and definition of incest while seeking to uncover the particular and general meaning of this negative form of behavior.

Legal Systems & Incest Taboos

Author : Yehudi A. Cohen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9780202363677
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (636 download)

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Book Synopsis Legal Systems & Incest Taboos by : Yehudi A. Cohen

Download or read book Legal Systems & Incest Taboos written by Yehudi A. Cohen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published: The transition from childhood to adolescence. Chicago : Aldine, 1964.

Representing Sylvia Plath

Author : Sally Bayley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139497537
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Representing Sylvia Plath by : Sally Bayley

Download or read book Representing Sylvia Plath written by Sally Bayley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in Sylvia Plath continues to grow, as does the mythic status of her relationship with Ted Hughes, but Plath is a poet of enduring power in her own right. This book explores the many layers of her often unreliable and complex representations and the difficult relationship between the reader and her texts. The volume evaluates the historical, familial and cultural sources which Plath drew upon for material: from family photographs, letters and personal history to contemporary literary and cinematic holocaust texts. It examines Plath's creative processes: what she does with materials ranging from Romantic paintings to women's magazine fiction, how she transforms these in multiple drafts and the tools she uses to do this, including her use of colour. Finally the book investigates specific instances when Plath herself becomes the subject matter for other artists, writers, film makers and biographers.

Cruel Attachments

Author : John Borneman
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022623407X
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis Cruel Attachments by : John Borneman

Download or read book Cruel Attachments written by John Borneman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-03-09 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is no more seemingly incorrigible criminal type than the child sex offender. Said to suffer from a deeply rooted paraphilia, he is often considered as outside the moral limits of the human, profoundly resistant to change. Despite these assessments, in much of the West an increasing focus on rehabilitation through therapy provides hope that psychological transformation is possible. Examining the experiences of child sex offenders undergoing therapy in Germany—where such treatments are both a legal right and duty—John Borneman, in Cruel Attachments, offers a fine-grained account of rehabilitation for this reviled criminal type. Carefully exploring different cases of the attempt to rehabilitate child sex offenders, Borneman details a secular ritual process aimed not only at preventing future acts of molestation but also at fundamentally transforming the offender, who is ultimately charged with creating an almost entirely new self. Acknowledging the powerful repulsion felt by a public that is often extremely skeptical about the success of rehabilitation, he challenges readers to confront the contemporary contexts and conundrums that lie at the heart of regulating intimacy between children and adults.

Pedophilia

Author : Jay R. Feierman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461396824
Total Pages : 603 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)

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Book Synopsis Pedophilia by : Jay R. Feierman

Download or read book Pedophilia written by Jay R. Feierman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Reason for this Volume If we were to judge the seriousness of a psychosocial problem by the attention that the popular media give to it, we would have to conclude that the modem world is in the midst of an epidemic of pedophilic child sexual abuse. One can scarcely go more than a few weeks in any large metropolitan area without reading about one of the community's upstanding citizens discovered to have been sexually involved with children or adolescents. The attention that the popular media give this topic is paralleled by the attention that it receives in the social sciences, where literally dozens of books and more than a thousand articles have been published on it in the past few years. In fact, "child sexual abuse," along with "co-dependency" and "dysfunctional family," have become the avant-garde psychological cliches of the decade. However, most of the lay and professional literature, although voluminous, reflect a narrow anthropo-, ethno-, and chronocentrism that precludes any real understanding of the topic with anything more than the preconceptions of our times.

The History of Human Marriage

Author : Edward Westermarck
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 616 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of Human Marriage by : Edward Westermarck

Download or read book The History of Human Marriage written by Edward Westermarck and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Cambridge Companion to English Renaissance Tragedy

Author : Emma Josephine Smith
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521519373
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (215 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Companion to English Renaissance Tragedy by : Emma Josephine Smith

Download or read book The Cambridge Companion to English Renaissance Tragedy written by Emma Josephine Smith and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-12 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducing the reader to important topics in English Renaissance tragedy, this Companion presents fresh readings of key texts.

Purity and Danger

Author : Professor Mary Douglas
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136489274
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

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Book Synopsis Purity and Danger by : Professor Mary Douglas

Download or read book Purity and Danger written by Professor Mary Douglas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purity and Danger is acknowledged as a modern masterpiece of anthropology. It is widely cited in non-anthropological works and gave rise to a body of application, rebuttal and development within anthropology. In 1995 the book was included among the Times Literary Supplement's hundred most influential non-fiction works since WWII. Incorporating the philosophy of religion and science and a generally holistic approach to classification, Douglas demonstrates the relevance of anthropological enquiries to an audience outside her immediate academic circle. She offers an approach to understanding rules of purity by examining what is considered unclean in various cultures. She sheds light on the symbolism of what is considered clean and dirty in relation to order in secular and religious, modern and primitive life.