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In Situ Sediment Attenuation And Sound Velocity Ratio Measured In Shallow Water At The Quinault Range
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Book Synopsis In Situ Sediment Attenuation and Sound Velocity Ratio Measured in Shallow Water at the Quinault Range by : R. L. Allman
Download or read book In Situ Sediment Attenuation and Sound Velocity Ratio Measured in Shallow Water at the Quinault Range written by R. L. Allman and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurements of Acoustic Backscatter of the Deep Sea Floor Using a Deeply Towed Vehicle by : M. Weydert
Download or read book Measurements of Acoustic Backscatter of the Deep Sea Floor Using a Deeply Towed Vehicle written by M. Weydert and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1983 in area of Copper-Nickel rich manganese nodules at 14 deg 40 min N, 126 deg 25 min W (site 'E) was intensively studied with the Deep-Tow of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and 16 box cores were collected. Deep-Tow studies of the Thirtymile-Bank off the California Coast and the deep sea at the foot of the Patton Escarpment followed. The nodule coverage at site 'E varies from 0% to 80%. The nodule sizes vary between 1 and 13 cm. The nodule size distributions are best modeled by a Gaussian distribution. The three main nodule axes are related to each other at 1:0.8:0.5. The average density of individual nodules is 2.0 + or - 0.04 g/cu cm and the volumes increase on the average with the 2.8 power of the third root of the product of the three radii. Changes of the thickness of the upper acoustic unit of the sediment column correlate with changes in nodule coverage and concentration. The acoustic backscatter has been measured for frequencies of 4.5, 9, 15, 28, 60, 112 and 163 kHz and grazing angles from normal incidence to 5 degrees. The backscatter increases as the square of the frequency for sediments.
Download or read book SIO Reference written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ocean Seismo-Acoustics written by T. Akal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seafloor investigation has long been a feature of not only seismology but also of acoustics. Indeed it was acoustics that produced depth sounders, giving us the first capability of producing both global and local maps of the seafloor. Subsequently, better instrumentation and techniques led to a clearer, more quantitative picture of the seabed itself, which stimulated new hypotheses such as seafloor spreading through the availability of more reliable data on sediment thickness over ocean basins and other bottom features. Geologists and geophysicists have used both acoustic and seismic methods to study the seabed by considering the propagation of signals arising from both natural seismic events and man-made impulsive sources. Although significant advances have been made in instrumentation, such as long towed geophysical arrays, ai r guns and ocean bot tom seismometers, the pic ture of the seafloor is still far from complete. Underwater acoustics concerns itself today with the phenomena of propagation and noise at frequencies and ranges that require an understanding of acoustic interaction at both of its boundaries, the sea surface and seafloor, over depths ranging from tens to thousands of meters. Much of the earlier higher frequency (>1 kHz) work included the characterization of the seafloor in regimes of reflection coefficients which were empirically derived from surveys. The results of these studies met with only limited success, confined as they were to those areas where survey data existed and lacking a physical understanding of the processes of reflection and scattering.
Book Synopsis In Situ High-frequency Acoustic Propagation Measurements in Marine Sediments in the Santa Barbara Shelf, California by : Y. Igarashi
Download or read book In Situ High-frequency Acoustic Propagation Measurements in Marine Sediments in the Santa Barbara Shelf, California written by Y. Igarashi and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements were made of sound speed and attenuation in marine sediments at 15, 30, and 60kHz by means of in situ acoustic probe instrumentation in conjunction with CURV II. These experiments were conducted in silty sand and sandy silt Continental Shelf areas of the Santa Barbara Channel, California. The main conclusions are: (1) attenuation was found to be about 3, 10, and 20 dB per meter at 15, 30, and 60 kHz, respectively; (2) for the attenuation equation, alpha = K(f to the nth power) (where alpha is sound attenuation in dB per meter, K is a dimensional material parameter, and f is frequency in kHz), the exponent, n, was found to be about 1.2, and K varied from approximately 0.1 to 0.2; (3) no significant sound-speed dispersion was found, in agreement with many other investigations; and (4) individual acoustic measurements made in close proximity to one another in a nominally homogeneous bottom can vary appreciably, although their average values may be in close agreement. (Author).
Book Synopsis Acoustic Attenuation in Ocean Sediments Found in Shallow Water Regions by : Karl Crawford Focke
Download or read book Acoustic Attenuation in Ocean Sediments Found in Shallow Water Regions written by Karl Crawford Focke and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The acoustic attenuation in ocean sediments is a major loss mechanism for low frequency acoustic propagation in shallow water regions. Analysis of measured propagation in these regions has generally included estimates of the attenuation in the sediment, without consideration of the variations in attenuation as a function of depth. It will be shown that these variations can have a significant impact on the standard estimates. A new procedure is then developed which provides estimates of the attenuation as a function of depth. This procedure is used to obtain attenuation depth profiles in three shallow water regions. These estimated profiles present characteristics observed in laboratory and in situ measurements
Book Synopsis Limnogeology: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities by : Michael R. Rosen
Download or read book Limnogeology: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities written by Michael R. Rosen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-24 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book honors the career of Professor Elizabeth Gierlowski-Kordesch who was a pioneer and leader in the field of limnogeology since the 1980s. Her work was instrumental in guiding students and professionals in the field until her untimely death in 2016. This collection of chapters was written by her colleagues and students and recognize the important role that Professor Gierlowski-Kordesch had in advancing the field of limnogeology. The chapters show the breadth of her reach as these have been contributed from virtually every continent. This book will be a primary reference for scientists, professionals and graduate students who are interested in the latest advances in limnogeologic processes and basin descriptions in North and South America, Europe, Africa, and China. *Free supplementary material available online for chapters 3,11,12 and 13. Access by searching for the book on link.springer.com
Book Synopsis Equipment for in Situ Measurement of Sediment Sound Velocity and Attenuation by : Richard L. Allman
Download or read book Equipment for in Situ Measurement of Sediment Sound Velocity and Attenuation written by Richard L. Allman and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental system has been developed that makes possible the in situ collection of acoustic data in marine sediments, with greater convenience and accuracy than has been obtainable by laboratory analysis of bottom core samples. The feasibility of the system, operating in conjunction with the NUC Cable-Controlled Underwater Research Vehicle (CURV II), has been demonstrated. System capabilities are discussed.
Book Synopsis Cold-Water Corals and Ecosystems by : André Freiwald
Download or read book Cold-Water Corals and Ecosystems written by André Freiwald and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-17 with total page 1242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cold-water coral ecosystems figure the formation of large seabed structures such as reefs and giant carbonate mounds; they represent unexplored paleo-environmental archives of earth history. Like their tropical cousins, cold-water coral ecosystems harbour rich species diversity. For this volume, key institutions in cold-water coral research have contributed 62 state-of-the-art articles on topics from geology and oceanography to biology and conservation, with some impressive underwater images.
Book Synopsis Coastal Ecological Systems of the United States by : Howard T. Odum
Download or read book Coastal Ecological Systems of the United States written by Howard T. Odum and published by Conservation Foundation. This book was released on 1974-06-01 with total page 1977 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Technology Transfer Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :112 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (243 download)
Book Synopsis Erosion and Sediment Control: Planning by : United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Technology Transfer
Download or read book Erosion and Sediment Control: Planning written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Technology Transfer and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis In Situ Determinations of the Velocities of Compressional and Shear Waves in Marine Sediments from a Research Submersible by :
Download or read book In Situ Determinations of the Velocities of Compressional and Shear Waves in Marine Sediments from a Research Submersible written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In situ measurements were made of the velocity and attenuation of compressional waves and of velocities of Stoneley waves (from which shear-wave velocities were computed) at six stations in the sea floor off San Diego, California. Water depths ranged from 20 to 1130 meters, and sediment types ranged from medium sand to clayey silt. Sediment densities, porosities, and grain sizes were measured in samples taken at each station. The unique data obtained allowed tentative evaluations of models and equations, and computation of constants, for elastic and viscoelastic saturated, porous media. (Author).
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Acoustical Oceanography by : Herman Medwin
Download or read book Fundamentals of Acoustical Oceanography written by Herman Medwin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-11-05 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The developments in the field of ocean acoustics over recent years make this book an important reference for specialists in acoustics, oceanography, marine biology, and related fields. Fundamentals of Acoustical Oceanography also encourages a new generation of scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs to apply the modern methods of acoustical physics to probe the unknown sea. The book is an authoritative, modern text with examples and exercises. It contains techniques to solve the direct problems, solutions of inverse problems, and an extensive bibliography from the earliest use of sound in the sea to present references.Written by internationally recognized scientists, the book provides background to measure ocean parameters and processes, find life and objects in the sea, communicate underwater, and survey the boundaries of the sea. Fundamentals of Acoustical Oceanography explains principles of underwater sound propagation, and describes how both actively probing sonars and passively listening hydrophones can reveal what the eye cannot see over vast ranges of the turbid ocean. This book demonstrates how to use acoustical remote sensing, variations in sound transmission, in situ acoustical measurements, and computer and laboratory models to identify the physical and biological parameters and processes in the sea.* Offers an integrated, modern approach to passive and active underwater acoustics* Contains many examples of laboratory scale models of ocean-acoustic environments, as well as descriptions of experiments at sea* Covers remote sensing of marine life and the seafloor* Includes signal processing of ocean sounds, physical and biological noises at sea, and inversions* resents sound sources, receivers, and calibration* Explains high intensities; explosive waves, parametric sources, cavitation, shock waves, and streaming* Covers microbubbles from breaking waves, rainfall, dispersion, and attenuation* Describes sound propagation along ray paths and caustics* Presents sound transmissions and normal mode methods in ocean waveguides
Book Synopsis Notes on Sedimentation Activities by :
Download or read book Notes on Sedimentation Activities written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hearing by Whales and Dolphins by : Whitlow W.L. Au
Download or read book Hearing by Whales and Dolphins written by Whitlow W.L. Au and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here, experts in different areas of the field provide an overview of the bioacoustics of whales and dolphins as well as a thorough introduction to the subject for investigators of hearing in other animals. Topics covered include the structure and function of cetacean auditory systems, the unique sound production system of odontocetes, acoustic communication, psychoacoustics, echolocation and models of sound propagation.
Book Synopsis Stormwater Management Alternatives by : Joachim Toby Tourbier
Download or read book Stormwater Management Alternatives written by Joachim Toby Tourbier and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Acoustical Oceanography by : Clarence S. Clay
Download or read book Acoustical Oceanography written by Clarence S. Clay and published by . This book was released on 1977-07-12 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
