In Defense Of An Evolutionary Concept Of Health

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In Defense of an Evolutionary Concept of Health

Author : Dr Mahesh Ananth
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 1409485625
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis In Defense of an Evolutionary Concept of Health by : Dr Mahesh Ananth

Download or read book In Defense of an Evolutionary Concept of Health written by Dr Mahesh Ananth and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most controversial contemporary debates on the concept of health is the clash between the views of naturalists and normativists. Naturalists argue that, although health can be valued or disvalued, the concept of health is itself objective and value-free. In contrast, normativists argue that health is a contextual and value-laden concept, and that there is no possibility of a value-free understanding of health. This debate has fueled many of the, often very acrimonious, disputations arising from the claims of health, disease and disability activists and charities and the public policy responses to them. In responding to this debate, Ananth both surveys the existing literature, with special focus on the work of Christopher Boorse, and argues that a naturalistic concept of health, drawing on evolutionary considerations associated with biological function, homeostasis, and species-design, is defensible without jettisoning norms in their entirety.

In Defense of an Evolutionary Concept of Health

Author : Mahesh Ananth
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351155822
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis In Defense of an Evolutionary Concept of Health by : Mahesh Ananth

Download or read book In Defense of an Evolutionary Concept of Health written by Mahesh Ananth and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most controversial contemporary debates on the concept of health is the clash between the views of naturalists and normativists. Naturalists argue that, although health can be valued or disvalued, the concept of health is itself objective and value-free. In contrast, normativists argue that health is a contextual and value-laden concept, and that there is no possibility of a value-free understanding of health. This debate has fueled many of the, often very acrimonious, disputations arising from the claims of health, disease and disability activists and charities and the public policy responses to them. In responding to this debate, Ananth both surveys the existing literature, with special focus on the work of Christopher Boorse, and argues that a naturalistic concept of health, drawing on evolutionary considerations associated with biological function, homeostasis, and species-design, is defensible without jettisoning norms in their entirety.

Principles of Evolutionary Medicine

Author : Peter D. Gluckman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199663920
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Evolutionary Medicine by : Peter D. Gluckman

Download or read book Principles of Evolutionary Medicine written by Peter D. Gluckman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new updated edition of the first integrated and comprehensive textbook to explain the principles of evolutionary biology from a medical perspective and to focus on how medicine and public health might utilise evolutionary biology.

Evolutionary Concepts in Immunology

Author : Robert Jack
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030186679
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolutionary Concepts in Immunology by : Robert Jack

Download or read book Evolutionary Concepts in Immunology written by Robert Jack and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-13 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunology is a nodal subject that links many areas of biology. It permeates the biosciences, and also plays crucial roles in diagnosis and therapy in areas of clinical medicine ranging from the control of infectious and autoimmune diseases to tumour therapy. Monoclonal antibodies and small molecule modulators of immunity are major factors in the pharmaceutical industry and now constitute a multi billion dollar business. Students in these diverse areas are frequently daunted by the complexity of immunology and the astonishing array of unusual mechanisms that go to make it up. Starting from Dobzhansky’s famous slogan, “Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution”, this book will serve to illuminate how evolutionary forces shaped immunity and thus provide an explanation for how many of its counter intuitive oddities arose. By doing so it will provide a conceptual framework on which students may organise the rapidly growing flood of immunological knowledge.

A Primer of Evolutionary Medicine

Author : Stephen Stearns
Publisher : Sinauer
ISBN 13 : 9781605352602
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (526 download)

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Book Synopsis A Primer of Evolutionary Medicine by : Stephen Stearns

Download or read book A Primer of Evolutionary Medicine written by Stephen Stearns and published by Sinauer. This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evolutionary Medicine is a textbook intended for use in undergraduate, graduate, medical school, and continuing medical education (CME) courses. Its professional illustrations and summaries of chapters and sections make its messages readily accessible.

Evolution and Medicine

Author : Robert Perlman
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191637793
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolution and Medicine by : Robert Perlman

Download or read book Evolution and Medicine written by Robert Perlman and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-05-30 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evolution and Medicine provides an accessible introduction to the new field of evolutionary medicine. Evolutionary concepts help explain why we remain vulnerable to disease, how pathogens and cancer cells evolve, and how the diseases that affected our evolutionary ancestors have shaped our biology. The book interweaves the presentation of evolutionary principles with examples that illustrate how an evolutionary perspective enhances our understanding of disease. It discusses the theory of evolution by natural selection, the genetic basis of evolutionary change, evolutionary life history theory, and host-pathogen coevolution, and uses these concepts to provide new insights into diseases such as cystic fibrosis, cancer, sexually transmitted diseases, and malaria, incorporating the latest research in rapidly developing fields such as epigenetics and the study of the human microbiome. The book concludes with a discussion of the ways in which recent, culturally constructed changes in the human environment are increasing the prevalence of man-made diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, and are exacerbating socioeconomic disparities in health. Just as evolutionary biology is concerned with populations and with changes in populations over time, evolutionary medicine is concerned with the health of populations. Evolution and Medicine emphasizes the role of demographic processes in evolution and disease, and stresses the importance of improving population health as a strategy for improving the health of individuals. This accessible text is written primarily for physicians, biomedical scientists, and both premedical and medical students, and will appeal to all readers with a background or interest in medicine.

What Is Disease?

Author : James M. Humber
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1592594514
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis What Is Disease? by : James M. Humber

Download or read book What Is Disease? written by James M. Humber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-05-06 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renowned philosophers and medical ethicists debate and discuss the profoundly important concepts of disease and health. Christopher Boorse begins with an extensive reexamination of his seminal definition of disease as a value-free scientific concept. In responding to all those who criticized this view, which came to be called "naturalism" or "neutralism," Boorse clarifies and updates his landmark ideas on this crucial question. Other distinguished thinkers analyze, develop, and oftentimes defend competing, nonnaturalistic theories of disease. Their combined thoughts review and update an issue of central importance in bioethics today.

Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases

Author : Michel Tibayrenc
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0443288194
Total Pages : 1002 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (432 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases by : Michel Tibayrenc

Download or read book Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases written by Michel Tibayrenc and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-07-19 with total page 1002 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases, Third Edition discusses the evolving field of infectious diseases and their continued impact on the health of populations, especially in resource-limited areas of the world where they must confront the dual burden of death and disability due to infectious and chronic illnesses. Although substantial gains have been made in public health interventions for the treatment, prevention, and control of infectious diseases, in recent decades the world has witnessed the emergence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing antimicrobial resistance, and the emergence of many new bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral pathogens. Fully updated and revised, this new edition presents the consequences of such diseases, the evolution of infectious diseases, the genetics of host-pathogen relationship, and the control and prevention strategies that are, or can be, developed. This book offers valuable information to biomedical researchers, clinicians, public health practitioners, decisions-makers, and students and postgraduates studying infectious diseases, microbiology, medicine, and public health that is relevant to the control and prevention of neglected and emerging worldwide diseases. - Takes an integrated approach to infectious diseases - Provides the latest developments in the field of infectious diseases - Focuses on the contribution of evolutionary and genomic studies for the study and control of transmissible diseases - Includes updated and revised contributions from leading authorities, along with six new chapters

Why We Get Sick

Author : Randolph M. Nesse, MD
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 0307816001
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Why We Get Sick by : Randolph M. Nesse, MD

Download or read book Why We Get Sick written by Randolph M. Nesse, MD and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2012-02-08 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The next time you get sick, consider this before picking up the aspirin: your body may be doing exactly what it's supposed to. In this ground-breaking book, two pioneers of the science of Darwinian medicine argue that illness as well as the factors that predispose us toward it are subject to the same laws of natural selection that otherwise make our bodies such miracles of design. Among the concerns they raise: When may a fever be beneficial? Why do pregnant women get morning sickness? How do certain viruses "manipulate" their hosts into infecting others? What evolutionary factors may be responsible for depression and panic disorder? Deftly summarizing research on disorders ranging from allergies to Alzheimer's, and form cancer to Huntington's chorea, Why We Get Sick, answers these questions and more. The result is a book that will revolutionize our attitudes toward illness and will intrigue and instruct lay person and medical practitioners alike.

Evidence-Based Medicine and the Changing Nature of Health Care

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309113695
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Evidence-Based Medicine and the Changing Nature of Health Care by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Evidence-Based Medicine and the Changing Nature of Health Care written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-09-06 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on the work of the Roundtable on Evidence-Based Medicine, the 2007 IOM Annual Meeting assessed some of the rapidly occurring changes in health care related to new diagnostic and treatment tools, emerging genetic insights, the developments in information technology, and healthcare costs, and discussed the need for a stronger focus on evidence to ensure that the promise of scientific discovery and technological innovation is efficiently captured to provide the right care for the right patient at the right time. As new discoveries continue to expand the universe of medical interventions, treatments, and methods of care, the need for a more systematic approach to evidence development and application becomes increasingly critical. Without better information about the effectiveness of different treatment options, the resulting uncertainty can lead to the delivery of services that may be unnecessary, unproven, or even harmful. Improving the evidence-base for medicine holds great potential to increase the quality and efficiency of medical care. The Annual Meeting, held on October 8, 2007, brought together many of the nation's leading authorities on various aspects of the issues - both challenges and opportunities - to present their perspectives and engage in discussion with the IOM membership.

Adaptation and Natural Selection

Author : George Christopher Williams
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691185506
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Adaptation and Natural Selection by : George Christopher Williams

Download or read book Adaptation and Natural Selection written by George Christopher Williams and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological evolution is a fact—but the many conflicting theories of evolution remain controversial even today. When Adaptation and Natural Selection was first published in 1966, it struck a powerful blow against those who argued for the concept of group selection—the idea that evolution acts to select entire species rather than individuals. Williams’s famous work in favor of simple Darwinism over group selection has become a classic of science literature, valued for its thorough and convincing argument and its relevance to many fields outside of biology. Now with a new foreword by Richard Dawkins, Adaptation and Natural Selection is an essential text for understanding the nature of scientific debate.

Explaining Health Across the Sciences

Author : Jonathan Sholl
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030526631
Total Pages : 551 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Explaining Health Across the Sciences by : Jonathan Sholl

Download or read book Explaining Health Across the Sciences written by Jonathan Sholl and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-28 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume aims to better understand the multifaceted phenomenon we call health. Going beyond simple views of health as the absence of disease or as complete well-being, this book unites scientists and philosophers. The contributions clarify the links between health and adaptation, robustness, resilience, or dynamic homeostasis, and discuss how to achieve health and healthy aging through practices such as hormesis. The book is divided into three parts and a conclusion: the first part explains health from within specific disciplines, the second part explores health from the perspective of a bodily part, system, function, or even the environment in which organisms live, and the final part looks at more clinical or practical perspectives. It thereby gathers, across 30 chapters, diverse perspectives from the broad fields of evolutionary and systems biology, immunology, and biogerontology, more specific areas such as odontology, cardiology, neurology, and public health, as well as philosophical reflections on mental health, sexuality, authenticity and medical theories. The overarching aim is to inform, inspire and encourage intellectuals from various disciplines to assess whether explanations in these disparate fields and across biological levels can be sufficiently systematized and unified to clarify the complexity of health. It will be particularly useful for medical graduates, philosophy graduates and research professionals in the life sciences and general medicine, as well as for upper-level graduate philosophy of science students.

Defending Evolution in the Classroom

Author : Brian J. Alters
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN 13 : 9780763711184
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis Defending Evolution in the Classroom by : Brian J. Alters

Download or read book Defending Evolution in the Classroom written by Brian J. Alters and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2001 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel handbook that explains why so many secondary and college students reject evolution and are antagonistic toward its teaching.

The Changing Era of Diseases

Author : Yun-Chul Hong
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128165812
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis The Changing Era of Diseases by : Yun-Chul Hong

Download or read book The Changing Era of Diseases written by Yun-Chul Hong and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Changing Era of Diseases not only explores how to end humanity's suffering from illness, but also attempts to explain the challenging problems that may arise from the control of future disease. It provides a novel perspective on how to understand the changing patterns of disease, disease development, and defense from an evolutionary point-of-view in an effort to ally the life sciences and historical approaches. Topics cover the origin of disease, its pandemic infectious manifestation, chronic and late chronic diseases, strategies of the human body to fight diseases, methods of ending diseases, and future medical systems are featured. The book is a valuable source for researchers interested in systematic approaches to disease and students who are interested in understanding the evolution of diseases and how we have succeeded in fighting them. - Presents the concept of disease by demonstrating the transition of disease, from hunter-gatherers, to chronic diseases in the modern society - Demonstrates how the concept of mechanistic causality does not allow us to properly understand chronic diseases - Discusses the role that science and technology play in prolonging human life spans – and how that will lead to new healthcare challenges in the future

Adaptive Oncogenesis

Author : James DeGregori
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674545397
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (745 download)

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Book Synopsis Adaptive Oncogenesis by : James DeGregori

Download or read book Adaptive Oncogenesis written by James DeGregori and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-09 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Popular understanding holds that genetic changes create cancer. James DeGregori uses evolutionary principles to propose a new way of thinking about cancerÕs occurrence. Cancer is as much a disease of evolution as it is of mutation, one in which mutated cells outcompete healthy cells in the ecosystem of the bodyÕs tissues. His theory ties cancerÕs progression, or lack thereof, to evolved strategies to maximize reproductive success. Through natural selection, humans evolved genetic programs to maintain bodily health for as long as necessary to increase the odds of passing on our genesÑbut not much longer. These mechanisms engender a tissue environment that favors normal stem cells over precancerous ones. Healthy tissues thwart cancer cellsÕ ability to outcompete their precancerous rivals. But as our tissues age or accumulate damage from exposures such as smoking, normal stem cells find themselves less optimized to their ecosystem. Cancer-causing mutations can now help cells adapt to these altered tissue environments, and thus outcompete normal cells. Just as changes in a speciesÕ habitat favor the evolution of new species, changes in tissue environments favor the growth of cancerous cells. DeGregoriÕs perspective goes far in explaining who gets cancer, when it appears, and why. While we cannot avoid mutations, it may be possible to sustain our tissuesÕ natural and effective system of defense, even in the face of aging or harmful exposures. For those interested in learning how cancers arise within the human body, the insights in Adaptive Oncogenesis offer a compelling perspective.

Cultural Evolution

Author : Alex Mesoudi
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226520455
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis Cultural Evolution by : Alex Mesoudi

Download or read book Cultural Evolution written by Alex Mesoudi and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011-07-30 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charles Darwin changed the course of scientific thinking by showing how evolution accounts for the stunning diversity and biological complexity of life on earth. Recently, there has also been increased interest in the social sciences in how Darwinian theory can explain human culture. Covering a wide range of topics, including fads, public policy, the spread of religion, and herd behavior in markets, Alex Mesoudi shows that human culture is itself an evolutionary process that exhibits the key Darwinian mechanisms of variation, competition, and inheritance. This cross-disciplinary volume focuses on the ways cultural phenomena can be studied scientifically—from theoretical modeling to lab experiments, archaeological fieldwork to ethnographic studies—and shows how apparently disparate methods can complement one another to the mutual benefit of the various social science disciplines. Along the way, the book reveals how new insights arise from looking at culture from an evolutionary angle. Cultural Evolution provides a thought-provoking argument that Darwinian evolutionary theory can both unify different branches of inquiry and enhance understanding of human behavior.

Pattern and Process in Cultural Evolution

Author : Stephen Shennan
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 9780520255999
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (559 download)

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Book Synopsis Pattern and Process in Cultural Evolution by : Stephen Shennan

Download or read book Pattern and Process in Cultural Evolution written by Stephen Shennan and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers an integrative approach to the application of evolutionary theory in studies of cultural transmission and social evolution and reveals the enormous range of ways in which Darwinian ideas can lead to productive empirical research, the touchstone of any worthwhile theoretical perspective. While many recent works on cultural evolution adopt a specific theoretical framework, such as dual inheritance theory or human behavioral ecology, Pattern and Process in Cultural Evolution emphasizes empirical analysis and includes authors who employ a range of backgrounds and methods to address aspects of culture from an evolutionary perspective. Editor Stephen Shennan has assembled archaeologists, evolutionary theorists, and ethnographers, whose essays cover a broad range of time periods, localities, cultural groups, and artifacts.