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Improving The Discrimination Of Unexploded Ordnances
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Book Synopsis Improving the Discrimination of Unexploded Ordnances by : Alan Yehren Chen
Download or read book Improving the Discrimination of Unexploded Ordnances written by Alan Yehren Chen and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unexploded ordnances, UXOs, are a significant safety and economic problem in the US and worldwide. Typically, they consist of munitions such as rockets, artillery shells, and missiles. They are buried in unknown locations and present a danger due to both their explosive nature and their environmental impact. Across the US, UXOs are suspected to infest over 15 million acres of land consisting of troop training areas, weapons testing sites, and munitions storage facilities. One of the difficult challenges facing UXO clearance work is discriminating whether a detected target is an UXO and needs to be excavated or an inert object that can be left in the ground. An electromagnetic induction, EMI, sensor is commonly used in UXO clearance work. This research introduces two strategies that change the way the EMI sensor is used in order to improve discrimination. The first strategy is to use more target specific sensor swaths and to use an odometer based positioning system. This research shows that this can improve discrimination over the traditional GPS-based approach because there is less relative error in the sensor position estimates. The next strategy is to use an adaptive sensing algorithm to determine where to move and how to orient an EMI sensor. Allowing the sensor to rotate increases the directions at which the target can be illuminated. The adaptive sensing algorithm exploits this new flexibility to maximize the information obtained during a sensor run, thereby improving UXO discrimination.
Book Synopsis Discrimination Algorithms for the Remediation of Unexploded Ordnance by :
Download or read book Discrimination Algorithms for the Remediation of Unexploded Ordnance written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis considers analysis of magnetic and electromagnetic data for the purpose of discriminating between buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) and non-hazardous metallic clutter. Magnetic data acquired over a ferrous object are modelled as a magnetostatic dipole. For time-domain electromagnetic data, a linear combination of decaying, orthogonal dipoles represents the secondary magnetic field radiated by a conductor. Model parameters estimated with inversion can be input into a discrimination algorithm whose output is a ranked diglist of targets. Algorithms that have been applied to UXO discrimination can be broadly categorized as library or statistical methods. Library methods assume that for each ordnance type there is a single set of parameters which is representative of intrinsic target properties. Statistical methods try to formulate a decision rule with a training set of models for targets with known ground truth. Observed data can sometimes have non-normally distributed noise and consequently parameter estimates obtained via least squares inversion may be biased. Robust misfit functions provide improved estimates of model parameters when there are outliers in the data. I also investigate propagation of uncertainties from data to model parameters. For inversion of electromagnetic data I find that parameters derived from the dipole model are approximately normally distributed. However, when data coverage is poor or SNR is low, the posterior distribution of these parameters may be multimodal. I develop a statistical classification algorithm that incorporates parameter uncertainty by integrating over the posterior probability distribution. Simulations and applications to real data indicate that this technique can detect outliers to the distribution of ordnance sooner than conventional classifiers. I quantify the performance of a discrimination algorithm using metrics derived from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. I use a bootstrapping algorithm to.
Book Synopsis Multisensor Methods for Buried Unexploded Ordnance Deteciton, Discrimination, and Identification by : Dwain Butler
Download or read book Multisensor Methods for Buried Unexploded Ordnance Deteciton, Discrimination, and Identification written by Dwain Butler and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unexploded ordnance (UXO) cleanup is the number one priority Army installation remediation restoration requirement. The problem is enormous in scope, with millions of acres and hundreds of sites potentially contaminated. Before the UXO can be recovered and destroyed, it must be located. UXO location requires surface geopbysical surveys. The geophysical anomalies caused by the UXO must be detected, discriminated from geophysical anomalies caused by other sources, and ideally identified or classified. Recent UXO technology demonstrations, live site demonstrations, and practical UXO surveys for site cleanup confirm that most UXO anomalies can be detected (with probabilities of detection of 90 percent or better), however there is little evidence of discrimination capability (i.e., the false alarm rates are high), and there is no identification capability. Approaches to simultaneously increase probability of detection and decrease false alarm rate and ultimately to give identification/classification capability involve rational multisensor data integration for discrimination and advanced development of new and emerging technology for enhanced discrimination and identification. The goal of multisensor data integration is to achieve true joint inversion of data to a best-fitting model using realistic physics-based models that replicate UXO geometries and physical properties of the UXO and surrounding geologic materials. Data management, analysis, and display procedures for multisensor data are investigated. A magnetic modeling capability is developed, validated, and documented that uses a prolate spheroid model of UXO. The electromagnetic modeling of UXO signatures is more problematic, and an intermediate quasi-empirical modeling capability (a simple analytical model modified to reflect measured signature observations) is explored.
Book Synopsis Multisensor Methods for Buried Unexploded Ordnance Detection, Discrimination, and Identification by : Dwain K. Butler
Download or read book Multisensor Methods for Buried Unexploded Ordnance Detection, Discrimination, and Identification written by Dwain K. Butler and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unexploded ordnance (UXO) cleanup is the number one priority Army installation remediation/restoration requirement The problem is enormous in scope, with millions of acres and hundreds of sites potentially contaminated. Before the UXO can be recovered and destroyed, it must be located. UXO location requires surface geophysical surveys. The geophysical anomalies caused by the UXO must be detected, discriminated from geophysical anomalies caused by other sources, and ideally identified or classified. Recent UXO technology demonstrations, live site demonstrations, and practical UXO surveys for site cleanup confirm that most UXO anomalies can be detected (with probabilities of detection of 90 percent or better), however there is little evidence of discrimination capability (i.e., the false alarm rates are high), and there is no identification capability. Approaches to simultaneously increase probability of detection and decrease false alarm rate and ultimately to give identification/classification capability involve rational multisensor data integration for discrimination and advanced development of new and emerging technology for enhanced discrimination and identification. The goal of multisensor data integration is to achieve true joint inversion of data to a best-fitting model using realistic physics-based models that replicate UXO geometries and physical properties of the UXO and surrounding geologic materials. Data management, analysis, and display procedures for multisensor data are investigated. The role of empirical, quasi-empirical, and analytical modeling for UXO geophysical signature prediction are reviewed and contrasted with approaches that require large signature databases (e.g., expert systems, neural nets, signature database comparison) for training or best-fit comparison. A magnetic modeling capability is developed, validated, and documented that uses a prolate spheroid model of UXO.
Book Synopsis Joint Diagonalization Applied to the Detection and Discrimination of Unexploded Ordnance by : Fridon Shubitidze
Download or read book Joint Diagonalization Applied to the Detection and Discrimination of Unexploded Ordnance written by Fridon Shubitidze and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sensor Orientation Effects on UXO Geophysical Target Discrimination by :
Download or read book Sensor Orientation Effects on UXO Geophysical Target Discrimination written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use of electromagnetic (EM) methods to discriminate frag and geology from unexploded ordnance (UXO) has shown steady improvement over time as demonstrated by test site results. Performance of off- the-shelf and customized EM sensors have increased both in terms of UXO probability of detection and false alarm rate. Parallel with the increase in capabilities of UXO detection and discrimination is the Increasing use of digital geophysical techniques on live sites. However, a significant gap exists in capabilities for UXO detection and discrimination between prove-out / test sites and actual UXO contaminated sites. In addition, the future deployment of more sophisticated sensors with discrimination capabilities is limited by the requirement for greater data fidelity for wide application on most sites. One issue of importance for improving data quality is the need for improved spatial representation of the geophysical signature of subsurface UXO. Presently, survey data are inadequately spatially quantified with simple XY sensor locations and an assumed constant Z elevation. To accurately represent the geophysical signature of subsurface UXO, more complete and accurate inion%ation is required, including sensor elevation inion%ation, orientation data (yaw, pitch and roll), and sensor velocity and acceleration data. Therefore, Strategic Envirom%ental Research and Development Progm-m (SERDP) Project UX- 1310 "Sensor Orientation Effects on UXO Geophysical Target Discrimination" was designed to research how the response of geophysical sensors is affected by variations in sensor orientation and motion, to develop an approach to measure these effects in the field, and to develop modeling and analysis techniques to mitigate the effects of sensor orientation and motion.
Book Synopsis Unexploded Ordnance Detection and Mitigation by : James Byrnes
Download or read book Unexploded Ordnance Detection and Mitigation written by James Byrnes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters in this volume were presented at the July–August 2008 NATO Advanced Study Institute on Unexploded Ordnance Detection and Mitigation. The conference was held at the beautiful Il Ciocco resort near Lucca, in the glorious Tuscany region of northern Italy. For the ninth time we gathered at this idyllic spot to explore and extend the reciprocity between mathematics and engineering. The dynamic interaction between world-renowned scientists from the usually disparate communities of pure mathematicians and applied scientists which occurred at our eight previous ASI’s continued at this meeting. The detection and neutralization of unexploded ordnance (UXO) has been of major concern for very many decades; at least since the First World war. UXO continues to be the subject of intensive research in many ?elds of science, incl- ing mathematics, signal processing (mainly radar and sonar) and chemistry. While today’s headlines emphasize the mayhem resulting from the placement of imp- vised explosive devices (IEDs), humanitarian landmine clearing continues to draw signi?cant global attention as well. In many countries of the world, landmines threaten the population and hinder reconstruction and fast, ef?cient utilization of large areas of the mined land in the aftermath of military con?icts.
Book Synopsis Genetic Programming Theory and Practice III by : Tina Yu
Download or read book Genetic Programming Theory and Practice III written by Tina Yu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-18 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic Programming Theory and Practice III provides both researchers and industry professionals with the most recent developments in GP theory and practice by exploring the emerging interaction between theory and practice in the cutting-edge, machine learning method of Genetic Programming (GP). The contributions developed from a third workshop at the University of Michigan's Center for the Study of Complex Systems, where leading international genetic programming theorists from major universities and active practitioners from leading industries and businesses meet to examine and challenge how GP theory informs practice and how GP practice impacts GP theory. Applications are from a wide range of domains, including chemical process control, informatics, and circuit design, to name a few.
Book Synopsis Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Clearance, Active Range UXO Clearance, and Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Programs by :
Download or read book Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Clearance, Active Range UXO Clearance, and Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Programs written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Program Solicitation written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics by :
Download or read book Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Applied Physics by : A. Méndez-Vilas
Download or read book Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Applied Physics written by A. Méndez-Vilas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-11-07 with total page 1010 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1st International Meeting on Applied Physics (APHYS-2003) succeeded in creating a new international forum for applied physics in Europe, with specific interest in the application of techniques, training, and culture of physics to research areas usually associated with other scientific and engineering disciplines. This book contains a selection of peer-reviewed papers presented at APHYS-2003, held in Badajoz (Spain), from 15th to 18th October 2003, which included the following Plenary Lectures: * Nanobiotechnology - Interactions of Cells with Nanofeatured Surfaces and with Nanoparticles * Radiation Protection of Nuclear Workers - Ethical Issues * Chaotic Data Encryption for Optical Communications
Book Synopsis Advances in Information Technology Research and Application: 2012 Edition by :
Download or read book Advances in Information Technology Research and Application: 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-12-26 with total page 5246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Information Technology Research and Application / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Information Technology. The editors have built Advances in Information Technology Research and Application / 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Information Technology in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Information Technology Research and Application / 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Author :Ronald E. Shaffer Publisher :SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering ISBN 13 : Total Pages :348 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Internal Standardization and Calibration Architectures for Chemical Sensors by : Ronald E. Shaffer
Download or read book Internal Standardization and Calibration Architectures for Chemical Sensors written by Ronald E. Shaffer and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1999 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work brings together a selection of papers dealing with various aspects of internal standardization and calibration architectures for chemical sensors.
Book Synopsis Defense environmental programs annual report to Congress: Environmental Restoration Program Improvements (1999) by :
Download or read book Defense environmental programs annual report to Congress: Environmental Restoration Program Improvements (1999) written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 6 by : Eric L. Mokole
Download or read book Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 6 written by Eric L. Mokole and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-12-31 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultra-Wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 6 was held at theAmerican Electromagnetics 2002 conference June 3-7, 2002 at the U.S.Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. Topics include: UWB RadarSystems; UWB Antennas; Scattering; Pulsed Power; Short-PulseMeasurement Techniques; Time-Domain Computation Techniques; Time-Domain Signal Processing; UWB Polarimetry; UWB Sensing ofTerrain; Wavelets & Multi-Resolution Algorithms; Target Detection &Discrimination; Propagation; Underground & Subsurface Propagation; Electromagnetic Theory; New Canonical Problems, Benchmark Solutions; Signal Processing.
Book Synopsis Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 7 by : Frank Sabath
Download or read book Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 7 written by Frank Sabath and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-05-30 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected contributions of the Ultra-Wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 7 Conference, including electromagnetic theory, scattering, Ultrawideband (UWB) antennas, UWB systems, ground penetrating radar, UWB communications, pulsed-power generation, time-domain computational electromagnetics, UWB compatibility, target detection and discrimination, propagation through dispersive media, and wavelet and multi-resolution techniques.
