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Implications For The Detection Utilization And Degradation Of Bark Beetle Attacked Southern Pines By Subterranean Termites
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Book Synopsis Implications for the Detection, Utilization, and Degradation of Bark Beetle-attacked Southern Pines by Subterranean Termites by :
Download or read book Implications for the Detection, Utilization, and Degradation of Bark Beetle-attacked Southern Pines by Subterranean Termites written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bark beetles regulate forest succession by removing weakened or stressed trees and exposing understory species to light from canopy gaps. Subterranean termites are predominate decomposers of coarse woody debris in southern pine forests; however, little is known about their role in forest health and succession. Both groups of insects rely heavily on fungal symbioses to fill their respective ecological niches in southern pine forests. During recent inspections of southern pine timber, we observed that trees in the early stages of bark beetle attack often had subterranean termites in blue-stained portions of the trunk. The frequency of subterranean termite presence in blue-stained areas of trees increased proportionally to the stage of bark beetle attack. However, practically no research has undertaken the challenge of describing how woody resources created by bark beetles are identified and utilized by subterranean termites before any signs of stress are visible. Therefore, this study examined possible facilitative interactions between subterranean termites, bark beetles and their blue-stain fungal associates, and other invertebrates, and investigated the effect of blue-stain fungi on surface properties of wood. Both native (Reticulitermes spp.) and Formosan subterranean termites exhibited a higher feeding preference for blue-stained sapwood than for unstained sapwood in laboratory assays. Native subterranean termites also consumed blue-stained sapwood at a higher rate than decayed wood. This study was the first to demonstrate that wood containing a non-decay fungus could elicit a feeding response from subterranean termites greater than that observed for decayed wood. Additionally, the surface properties of bark beetle-attacked southern pine were initially reduced by blue-stain fungal infection; however, the process of kiln-drying reversed this effect, resulting in a surface that was more conducive to wood product manufacturing.
Book Synopsis Bark Beetles Affecting Southern Pines by : Robert C. Thatcher
Download or read book Bark Beetles Affecting Southern Pines written by Robert C. Thatcher and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tree Water Status Affects Induced Southern Pine Beetle Attack and Brood Production by : Peter L. Lorio
Download or read book Tree Water Status Affects Induced Southern Pine Beetle Attack and Brood Production written by Peter L. Lorio and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Beetles in Your Pines? by : R. Joseph Kowal
Download or read book Beetles in Your Pines? written by R. Joseph Kowal and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Distribution of Bark Beetle Attacks on Ponderosa Pine Trees in Montana by : Philip Cornwell Johnson
Download or read book Distribution of Bark Beetle Attacks on Ponderosa Pine Trees in Montana written by Philip Cornwell Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The boles of 71 mature ponderosa pine trees killed by Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) were analyzed to determine the distribution of the attacks by endemic populations of this bark beetle and those of several phloem -feeding associates. The longitudinal -circumferential distribution of the attacks fitted dia- grammatically into four distinguishable bole infestation patterns. The characteristics of the patterns and similarities with comparable ?attacks of D. brevicomis in northeastern California are discussed.
Book Synopsis The Southern Pine Beetle by : Robert C. Thatcher
Download or read book The Southern Pine Beetle written by Robert C. Thatcher and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessment and Response to Bark Beetle Outbreaks in the Rocky Mountain Area by : United States. Forest Health Protection
Download or read book Assessment and Response to Bark Beetle Outbreaks in the Rocky Mountain Area written by United States. Forest Health Protection and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interactive Effects of Bark Beetles, Ophiostomatoid Fungi, and Subterranean Termites on Wood Decomposition and the Biogeochemical Cycling of Pine Forests by : Kimberlyn Pace
Download or read book Interactive Effects of Bark Beetles, Ophiostomatoid Fungi, and Subterranean Termites on Wood Decomposition and the Biogeochemical Cycling of Pine Forests written by Kimberlyn Pace and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A frequent source of pine tree mortality in recent years can be attributed to pine bark beetles and their vectored Ophiostomatoid fungi, an organism that has been observed to attract subterranean termites that preferentially recruit to this downed woody debris. This interaction may significantly modify biogeochemical fluxes in bark beetle mass mortality events, but studies are often limited to singular regions or single pine-dominated ecosystems. Two studies were designed to test the interactive effects of these associations on terrestrial biogeochemical cycles and decomposition processes, the first using replicated field trials in Mississippi, Arizona, and Honduras across two years and the second across five years in Mississippi. Both studies utilized Ophiostomatoid inoculation and invertebrate exclusion techniques to determine the individual and interactive contributions from biotic factors on biogeochemical cycling. Local drivers were found to have greater influence on biogeochemical cycling and decomposition before climate drivers overwhelmed their influence in later years.
Book Synopsis Southern Pine Bark Beetles in the Urban Environment by : R. Scott Cameron
Download or read book Southern Pine Bark Beetles in the Urban Environment written by R. Scott Cameron and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Declining Pines Associated with Bark Beetle Activity in Allen Parish, L.A by : P.L. Lorio (Jr.)
Download or read book Declining Pines Associated with Bark Beetle Activity in Allen Parish, L.A written by P.L. Lorio (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Log Bioassay of Residual Effectiveness of Insecticides Against Bark Beetles by : Richard Harrison Smith
Download or read book Log Bioassay of Residual Effectiveness of Insecticides Against Bark Beetles written by Richard Harrison Smith and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Residual effectiveness of nine insecticides applied to bark was tested against western, mountain, and Jeffrey pine beetles. Ponderosa and Jeffrey pine trees were treated and logs cut from them 2 to 13 months later, and bioassayed with the three beetles. The insecticides were sprayed at the rate of 1 gal (3.8 l) per 40- or 80-ft2 (3.6 or 7.2 m2) bark surface at varying concentrations. Effectiveness of treatment was based on reduction in length of egg galleries 2 to 3 weeks after initiating bioassay. All chemicals were quite effective for 2 to 13 months, except for malathion and Imidan which were relatively ineffective, depending largely on concentration and application rate. On the basis of equivalent amounts of lindane, the ranking ofeffectiveness ofinsecticides tested was as follows: (a) on western pine beetle: decamethrin> permethrin> lindane> Reldan> Dursban Sumithion> Sevin; (b) on mountain pine beetle: decamethrin> permethrin> lindane> Dursban Reldan> Sevin> Sumithion; (c) on Jeffrey pine beetle: decamethrin> permethrin> lindane> Sevin. The residual effectiveness of lindane was about doubled by adding 2 percent molasses, and high pH of water reduced effectiveness of Sevin. Other application parameters had little effect.
Book Synopsis Localized Spatial and Temporal Attack Dynamics of the Mountain Pine Beetle in Lodgepole Pine by : Barbara J. Bentz
Download or read book Localized Spatial and Temporal Attack Dynamics of the Mountain Pine Beetle in Lodgepole Pine written by Barbara J. Bentz and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis How to Interpret Radiographs of Bark Samples from Beetle-infested Pines by : T. Evan Nebeker
Download or read book How to Interpret Radiographs of Bark Samples from Beetle-infested Pines written by T. Evan Nebeker and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Resin Flow Induction in Southern Pines: Implications for Defense Against Southern Pine Beetle by :
Download or read book Resin Flow Induction in Southern Pines: Implications for Defense Against Southern Pine Beetle written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interactions between conifers, bark beetles and their common fungal associates have been widely studied, in part due to the severe economic and natural losses that occur annually. Host resistance, involving constitutive and induced defensive measures, and the factors associated with pest success are now widely understood and some losses can be avoided with proper management. Recent research with Norway spruce (Picea abies) has provided additional insight into the chemical pathways involved in host resistance, and has determined that trees exposed to mechanical wounding or fungal inoculation show acquired resistance to future pathogen attacks. This aspect of defense in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) has not been adequately investigated. However, our recent studies indicate that fungal inoculation results in elevated resin flow levels that last up to one year after treatment. Further research in southern Appalachian pines showed that elevated resin flow occurs in response to low intensity fire, and that this response is still present at 18 months after burning. These studies indicate that acquired resistance through induced resin flow in southern pines is a possibility. Further research with beetle or fungal challenges could determine new possibilities for management of both natural and planted stands in order to maximize host defenses against southern pine beetle.
Book Synopsis Mountain Pine Beetle Attack in Ponderosa Pine: Comparing Methods for Rating Susceptibility by : David C. Chojnacky
Download or read book Mountain Pine Beetle Attack in Ponderosa Pine: Comparing Methods for Rating Susceptibility written by David C. Chojnacky and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two empirical methods for rating susceptibility of mountain pine beetle attack in ponderosa pine were evaluated. The methods were compared to stand data modeled to objectively rate each sampled stand for susceptibly to bark-beetle attack. Data on bark-beetle attacks, from a survey of 45 sites throughout the Colorado Plateau, were modeled using logistic regression to estimate the probability of attack on individual trees from tree and stand variables. The logistic model allowed flexibility to easily scale results up to a stand level for comparison to the empirical methods. The empirical method, developed by Munson and Anhold, most closely correlated to the logistic regression results. However, the Munson/Anhold method rated all 45 study sites as either moderately or highly susceptible to bark-beetle attack, which raises concern about its lack of sensitivity. Future work on evaluating risk of bark-beetle impact should consider more than stand characteristics.
Book Synopsis Medicine Bow-Routt National Forests (N.F.), Bark Beetle Analysis by :
Download or read book Medicine Bow-Routt National Forests (N.F.), Bark Beetle Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Predicting Decay and Degrade Rates in Standing and Fallen Trees Killed by Mountain Pine Beetle by : Barb Sharp
Download or read book Predicting Decay and Degrade Rates in Standing and Fallen Trees Killed by Mountain Pine Beetle written by Barb Sharp and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
