Implementing Diversity Equity Inclusion And Belonging In Educational Management Practices

Download Implementing Diversity Equity Inclusion And Belonging In Educational Management Practices full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Implementing Diversity Equity Inclusion And Belonging In Educational Management Practices ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Implementing Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging in Educational Management Practices

Author : El-Amin, Abeni
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668448041
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Implementing Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging in Educational Management Practices by : El-Amin, Abeni

Download or read book Implementing Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging in Educational Management Practices written by El-Amin, Abeni and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-06-24 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The social and political changes of this era have created a fundamental shift in how businesses view the impact of diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging (DEIB) in the workplace. Successful businesses are now achieved by incorporating DEIB initiatives and managing inclusive workforces. Thus, it is imperative to understand how leaders implement DEIB educational change initiatives as well as how they make significant, sustainable changes by utilizing communication abilities, conflict management skills, and servant leadership. Simultaneously, educational stakeholders must vet essential change management processes and principles. Implementing Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging in Educational Management Practices is an indispensable reference source that provides an interdisciplinary perspective of how issues and challenges pertaining to DEIB affect organizational performance and educational management practices. It shares the experiences of leaders when DEIB issues arise and seeks areas of improvement. Covering topics such as diversity and inclusion leadership, culturally relevant mentoring, and STEM education, this premier reference source is a critical resource for directors, executives, managers, human resource officers, faculty and administrators of education, government officials, libraries, students of higher education, pre-service educators, researchers, and academicians.

Implementing Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging Management in Organizational Change Initiatives

Author : El-Amin, Abeni
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668440253
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Implementing Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging Management in Organizational Change Initiatives by : El-Amin, Abeni

Download or read book Implementing Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging Management in Organizational Change Initiatives written by El-Amin, Abeni and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-06-17 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The social and political changes of this era have created a climate change and fundamental shift in how businesses view the impact of diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging (DEIB) in the workplace. It is essential to understand how leaders make significant, sustainable changes utilizing communication abilities, envisioning, conflict management skills, and innovative DEIB initiatives. However, leaders must be careful not to rely on anecdotal evidence as it does not always reflect DEIB realities. Implementing Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging Management in Organizational Change Initiatives analyzes how leaders implement DEIB organizational change initiatives. It provides an interdisciplinary perspective of how issues and challenges pertaining to DEIB management affect organization performance. Covering topics such as inclusive organizational identity, socio-intercultural entrepreneurship, and supplier diversity programs, this book is an indispensable resource for business leaders, managers, entrepreneurs, academic administration, students and educators of higher education, government officials, researchers, and academicians.

The Principles and Practice of Educational Management

Author : Tony Bush
Publisher : SAGE Publications Limited
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Principles and Practice of Educational Management by : Tony Bush

Download or read book The Principles and Practice of Educational Management written by Tony Bush and published by SAGE Publications Limited. This book was released on 2002-08-09 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " The Principles and Practice of Educational Management" contains newly commissioned material from leading national and international authors who provide a review of relevant theory and explain relevant research in the field.

Elevating Intentional Education Practice in Graduate Programs

Author : El-Amin, Abeni
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668446014
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Elevating Intentional Education Practice in Graduate Programs by : El-Amin, Abeni

Download or read book Elevating Intentional Education Practice in Graduate Programs written by El-Amin, Abeni and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-01-06 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Educational leaders must institutionalize, implement, execute, and review initiatives to ensure graduate programs exceed performance metrics of educator quality, educational services, activities, technology, continuous improvement, and intentional education practice. Likewise, leaders must recognize that stakeholder engagement is invaluable to alleviate challenges in developing, assessing, and improving graduate program performance. Elevating Intentional Education Practice in Graduate Programs analyzes how higher education leaders implement performance improvements for graduate education and provides an interdisciplinary perspective of how issues and challenges concerning graduate program performance effectiveness impact stakeholders. Covering key topics such as online education, student learning, organizational development, and authentic leadership, this reference work is ideal for researchers, scholars, academicians, practitioners, educators, and students.

A Guide for ensuring inclusion and equity in education

Author : UNESCO
Publisher : UNESCO Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9231002228
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (31 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis A Guide for ensuring inclusion and equity in education by : UNESCO

Download or read book A Guide for ensuring inclusion and equity in education written by UNESCO and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-05 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Multifaceted Analysis of Sustainable Strategies and Tactics in Education

Author : Neimann, Theresa Dell
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 166846036X
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Multifaceted Analysis of Sustainable Strategies and Tactics in Education by : Neimann, Theresa Dell

Download or read book Multifaceted Analysis of Sustainable Strategies and Tactics in Education written by Neimann, Theresa Dell and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-06-23 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multifaceted approach will be needed to fix the often-unsustainable challenges faced in the 21st-century academic arena. The trends in public and private institutions of education are more cutbacks, downsizing, mergers, sequestrations, lean process implementations, and the increase in hiring part-time workers over full-time workers. At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought with it an array of schooling challenges around organizational change. Some challenges are structural, some are political, some are human resources related, and yet others are symbolic. To fix these problems, there is a need to address a core issue: increasing student engagement. This requires a wholesale rethinking of what schooling can be. Multifaceted Analysis of Sustainable Strategies and Tactics in Education brings increased awareness to students seeking education and faculty navigating the politics regarding the challenges they face, awareness of the disempowered voices found in the halls of these institutions, and light to the challenges facing administration in education. Covering topics such as parental involvement, work-based learning, and academic success, this premier reference source is an essential resource for educators and administrators of both K-12 and higher education, pre-service teachers, teacher educators, government officials, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

Transformative Leadership and Change Initiative Implementation for P-12 and Higher Education

Author : Mulvaney, Tracy
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668499061
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Transformative Leadership and Change Initiative Implementation for P-12 and Higher Education by : Mulvaney, Tracy

Download or read book Transformative Leadership and Change Initiative Implementation for P-12 and Higher Education written by Mulvaney, Tracy and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2024-05-06 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transformative leadership emerges as the beacon guiding P-12 schools and higher education institutions through the intricacies of necessary change. Leaders must confront the perennial challenges faced by educational institutions head-on, equipped with an array of innovative strategies and a commitment to fostering equitable practices, from addressing inclusion, diversity, and belonging to navigating the complex terrain of school change. In Transformative Leadership and Change Initiative Implementation for P-12 and Higher Education, the echoes of Heraclitus's wisdom reverberate, reminding educational leaders that the only constant is change. This book delves into the core of transformative strategies employed by thought leaders across the educational spectrum, from P-12 schools to university corridors. Guided by transformative leadership principles, this book traverses the intricate tapestry of topics such as technology integration, educational entrepreneurship, and global citizenship, providing a roadmap for leaders to navigate the complexities of the modern educational landscape. The emphasis on social-emotional leadership and learning underscores the importance of nurturing the holistic development of students, ensuring they thrive both academically and emotionally.

Minority Women in K-12 Education Leadership: Challenges, Resilience, and Support

Author : Walters, Annette G.
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (693 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Minority Women in K-12 Education Leadership: Challenges, Resilience, and Support by : Walters, Annette G.

Download or read book Minority Women in K-12 Education Leadership: Challenges, Resilience, and Support written by Walters, Annette G. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2024-03-25 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In K-12 education, minority women leaders must navigate a complex maze of challenges that deeply impact their personal and professional lives. The journey of these leaders is marked by a series of starts and stops, demanding an extraordinary degree of resilience, mentorship, and leadership coaching. Despite the theoretical backing and organizational intent, the stark reality is that educational leadership roles for minority women often lack the necessary preparation and concerted efforts essential to supporting their unique needs. The resulting shortfall hampers their ability to sustain success over time. Minority Women in K-12 Education Leadership sheds light on the intersection of gender and ethnicity within educational leadership and addresses the various aspects of minority women's experiences. The objective of Minority Women in K-12 Education Leadership is clearto provide readers, educational allies, educators, administrators, and stakeholders with a profound understanding of the intersections of gender, leadership, and ethnicity/color in educational leadership. This book goes beyond identifying challenges; it celebrates the resilience of minority women leaders, explores the support systems they rely on, and offers practical strategies for success. The content delves into the physical, mental, emotional, and social dimensions of their experiences, aiming to bridge theoretical and practical concepts and provide valuable insights for practitioners, scholars, and stakeholders.

Global Perspectives on the Strategic Role of Marketing Information Systems

Author : Medina-Quintero, Jose Melchor
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668465930
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Global Perspectives on the Strategic Role of Marketing Information Systems by : Medina-Quintero, Jose Melchor

Download or read book Global Perspectives on the Strategic Role of Marketing Information Systems written by Medina-Quintero, Jose Melchor and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-05-08 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A level of decision making is concerned with deciding the organizations objectives, resources, and policies. A significant problem at this decision-making level is predicting the organizations future and its environment as well as matching the organizations characteristics to that environment. This process generally involves technology and knowledge from the market and clients. In the current era, the implementation of marketing information systems supported with AI techniques is crucial to being a unique opportunity to leverage marketing strategies with cutting-edge technologies. Global Perspectives on the Strategic Role of Marketing Information Systems communicates the recent advances in marketing information systems. Covering topics such as digital entrepreneurship, international business, and micro and small enterprises, this premier reference source is a cutting-edge resource for marketers, entrepreneurs, business leaders and managers, IT managers, students and educators of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

Socioeconomic Inclusion During an Era of Online Education

Author : Garcia, Manuel B.
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668443651
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Socioeconomic Inclusion During an Era of Online Education by : Garcia, Manuel B.

Download or read book Socioeconomic Inclusion During an Era of Online Education written by Garcia, Manuel B. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-06-24 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unwelcomed arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated inequities and inequalities in accessing educational opportunities among different social groups. Abruptly, the idea of inclusivity in education has become more of an abstract phenomenon that widens the digital divide and creates social injustice. The resulting intensification of digital disparities demands an immediate coordinated response from all education and government stakeholders to guarantee that no one is left behind as we navigate the so-called new normal. Without an appropriate intervention and sound policy guidance, negative repercussions may be so widespread that they will remain a problem in the education sector far into the future. Socioeconomic Inclusion During an Era of Online Education aims to answer emerging questions on inclusive online education by exploring and collating the experiences and lessons learned during the implementation of emergency remote education. With the earlier-than-expected arrival of the online education era, best practices and innovative approaches from various educational institutions are concrete paradigms for safeguarding the promise of an undivided future of learning through equal access to quality education from a distance. Covering topics from learning space to education governance, this reference work is ideal for policymakers, administrators, practitioners, researchers, scholars, instructors, and students seeking to adjust and adapt to technology-enabled education during and after the COVID-19 era.

The Experiences of Black Women Diversity Practitioners in Historically White Institutions

Author : Johnson, Tristen Brenaé
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668435667
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Experiences of Black Women Diversity Practitioners in Historically White Institutions by : Johnson, Tristen Brenaé

Download or read book The Experiences of Black Women Diversity Practitioners in Historically White Institutions written by Johnson, Tristen Brenaé and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-12-19 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, historically white institutions have advanced their focus on diversity, equity, and inclusion practices within their organizations. Today, many organizations feature diversity practitioners within their workforce. Despite this, many historically white institutions such as education, business, and healthcare organizations still face systemic racism from within. In the wake of the dual pandemics of COVID-19 and systemic racism, it is essential for historically white institutions to listen to the experiences of Black women diversity practitioners so that they may implement the necessary changes to promote a more diverse, inclusive, and equitable environment. The Experiences of Black Women Diversity Practitioners in Historically White Institutions centers on Black women’s experiences before, during, and after the dual pandemics at historically white higher education, corporate America, and healthcare institutions and how these experiences have affected their ability to perform their jobs. The stories and research provided offer crucial information for institutions to look inward at the cultures and practices for their organizations that directly impact Black women diversity practitioners. Covering topics such as guidance in leadership, Black woman leadership, and mindfulness training, this premier reference source is an essential resource for higher education staff and administration, Black women diversity practitioners, administration, leaders in business, hospital administration, libraries, students and educators of higher education, researchers, and academicians.

Approaching Disparities in School Discipline: Theory, Research, Practice, and Social Change

Author : Adams, Anthony Troy
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668433613
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Approaching Disparities in School Discipline: Theory, Research, Practice, and Social Change by : Adams, Anthony Troy

Download or read book Approaching Disparities in School Discipline: Theory, Research, Practice, and Social Change written by Adams, Anthony Troy and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: School discipline is a leading cause of inequities in educational opportunities and contributes to the achievement gap. To understand where these disparities originate and what can be done to ensure students have an equal education, further study must be done. It is crucial for schools and educators to adjust their discipline policies in order to promote social change and support the learning of all students. Approaching Disparities in School Discipline: Theory, Research, Practice, and Social Change considers theory, research, methods, results, and discussions about social change and describes the school discipline quandary by presenting numerous frameworks for understanding disparities in school discipline. Covering a range of topics such as cultural bias, education reform, and school suspensions, this reference work is ideal for academicians, researchers, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students.

Management Today

Author : Terri A. Scandura
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1071884832
Total Pages : 676 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (718 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Management Today by : Terri A. Scandura

Download or read book Management Today written by Terri A. Scandura and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2023-11-04 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating core management concepts with evidence-based research and strategies, Management Today, Second Edition provides students of all backgrounds with the foundations they need to start and enhance their careers. Authors Terri A. Scandura and Frankie J. Weinberg share their experiences as active researchers and award-winning teachers throughout the book to engage and inspire the next generation of managers. Students can apply what they have learned through self-assessments, reflection exercises, and experiential activities. Real-world case studies explore business scenarios students may encounter throughout their own careers. Practical, concise, and founded upon cutting edge research, this text equips students with the necessary skills to become impactful members of today′s business world. This title is accompanied by a complete teaching and learning package. Contact your Sage representative to request a demo. Learning Platform / Courseware Sage Vantage is an intuitive learning platform that integrates quality Sage textbook content with assignable multimedia activities and auto-graded assessments to drive student engagement and ensure accountability. Unparalleled in its ease of use and built for dynamic teaching and learning, Vantage offers customizable LMS integration and best-in-class support. It′s a learning platform you, and your students, will actually love. Assignable Video with Assessment Assignable video (available in Sage Vantage) is tied to learning objectives and curated exclusively for this text to bring concepts to life. Watch a sample video now. LMS Cartridge: Import this title′s instructor resources into your school’s learning management system (LMS) and save time. Don’t use an LMS? You can still access all of the same online resources for this title via the password-protected Instructor Resource Site. Learn more.

Handbook of Research on Educational Leadership and Research Methodology

Author : Wang, Viktor
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668441454
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Educational Leadership and Research Methodology by : Wang, Viktor

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Educational Leadership and Research Methodology written by Wang, Viktor and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-06-24 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Education inevitably influences society and our future. As literature and experience tells, educational leaders impact not only their institutions, but ultimately the learning outcomes for a large portion of society’s members. Educational leaders are charged with more than creating a viable future for an institution; they are also charged with contributing to and creating a viable, positive human future—not an easy task amid the turbulence and disruption of our times. The Handbook of Research on Educational Leadership and Research Methodology discusses the evolution of educational leadership knowledge, thoughts, and practices by sharing the perspectives, experiences, theories, and philosophies related to educational leadership and research methodologies across all levels of education. Covering topics such as critical race design, toxic leadership, and adult learning, this major reference work is a critical resource for faculty and administrators of both K-12 and higher education, principals, superintendents, chancellors, directors, pre-service teachers, teaching instructors, government officials, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

The Future of Black Leadership in Higher Education: Firsthand Experiences and Global Impact

Author : Kuykendall, John A.
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668424355
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Future of Black Leadership in Higher Education: Firsthand Experiences and Global Impact by : Kuykendall, John A.

Download or read book The Future of Black Leadership in Higher Education: Firsthand Experiences and Global Impact written by Kuykendall, John A. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-12-30 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-quality higher education leadership is critical to student engagement, persistence, and graduation outcomes. With higher education institutions pushing for Black student enrollment and effective and innovative strategies to retain current students, leadership in institutions must reflect the Black academics they serve. In addition, there is a shortage of Black department heads, deans, and provosts to make important decisions about the matriculation of students toward graduation. Therefore, it is essential that higher education institutions take what they have learned from those who have been in academic leadership roles and develop new strategies to recruit, mentor, and retain high-quality Black academic leaders that reflect the student population. The Future of Black Leadership in Higher Education: Firsthand Experiences and Global Impact provides experiences, narratives, and best practices that are more inclusive of Black professionals by allowing them to seek advancement in these critical roles. This book presents crucial knowledge about academic leadership for Black professionals and familiarizes readers with policies, practices, and procedures that impact the experiences of Black leadership. Covering predominantly white institutions, second-career Black women, and Black professors, this premier reference source is a dynamic resource for faculty and administrators of higher education, students of higher education, librarians, researchers, graduate students, and academicians.

Handbook of Research on Race, Culture, and Student Achievement

Author : Keengwe, Jared
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668457067
Total Pages : 529 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Race, Culture, and Student Achievement by : Keengwe, Jared

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Race, Culture, and Student Achievement written by Keengwe, Jared and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-01-13 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing pressure on teachers and other educators to understand and adopt culturally relevant pedagogies as well as strategies to work with diverse groups of races, cultures, and languages that are represented in classrooms. Establishing sound cross-cultural pedagogy is also critical given that racial, cultural, and linguistic integration has the potential to increase academic success for all learners. The Handbook of Research on Race, Culture, and Student Achievement highlights cross-cultural perspectives, challenges, and opportunities of providing equitable educational opportunities for marginalized students and improving student achievement. Additionally, it examines how race and culture impact student achievement in an effort to promote cultural competence, equity, inclusion, and social justice in education. Covering topics such as identity, student achievement, and global education, this major reference work is ideal for researchers, scholars, academicians, librarians, policymakers, practitioners, educators, and students.

The Inclusive, Empathetic, and Relational Supervisor

Author : Behnam Bakhshandeh
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1040036457
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Inclusive, Empathetic, and Relational Supervisor by : Behnam Bakhshandeh

Download or read book The Inclusive, Empathetic, and Relational Supervisor written by Behnam Bakhshandeh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-06-13 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supervisors are the bridge between line employees and middle/upper management. Therefore, they must effectively communicate across the organization to be responsive and thoughtful leaders. With work being more global, organizations are taking advantage of remote work, and the workforce is now more diverse and decentralized, making the workplace more dynamic and complex. However, diversity can be one of the most controversial and least understood business topics because of the issues regarding quality, leadership, and ethics (Anand & Winters, 2008). An inclusive supervisor will ensure that their direct reports are treated fairly and respectfully but never made to feel less than anyone else. They will be a critical success factor in supporting the business case for diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging (DEI&B) as a critical strategy in a globally competitive market. This book builds on the belief that people are the most valuable resource and that everyone should be treated with dignity and respect. The authors will provide tools to self-assess intrapersonal/interpersonal communication, develop a positive work environment, and evaluate listening skills. A list of competencies to be an effective communicator will be provided. Key concepts such as cross-cultural competence, generational cohort, critical race theory, emotional intelligence, emotional contagion, social exchange theory, and interpersonal competency will be explored. This book provides strategies for building solid relationships with team members; uses positivity as a foundational practice to lead and encourage other employees; provides guidelines on how to hold employees accountable and set high expectations; presents strategies to engage, coach, and develop employees by creating a positive environment to influence attitudes and behaviors; and offers various approaches for managing time and increasing productivity.