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Impacts Of Timber Harvest On Adjacent Stands Of Old Growth Coast Redwood Sequoia Sempervirens Forests
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Book Synopsis Impacts of Timber Harvest on Adjacent Stands of Old-growth Coast Redwood (Sequoia Sempervirens) Forests by : William Henry Russell
Download or read book Impacts of Timber Harvest on Adjacent Stands of Old-growth Coast Redwood (Sequoia Sempervirens) Forests written by William Henry Russell and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Impacts on Soils and Residual Trees from Cut-to-length Thinning Operations in California's Redwood Forests by : Kyungrok Hwang
Download or read book Impacts on Soils and Residual Trees from Cut-to-length Thinning Operations in California's Redwood Forests written by Kyungrok Hwang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In northern California, a cut-to-length (CTL) system was used for the first time to harvest young redwood forests (Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb. ex D. Don) Endl.). However, landowners and public agencies are concerned about the potential negative impacts of CTL logging to soils and residual trees since the extent and amount of CTL impacts are unknown in these forests. This study was designed to (1) determine soil physical property using bulk density (BD) and hydraulic conductivity (HC) (2) examine the characteristics of stand damage after CTL harvesting, and (3) compare the scar size differences between tree growing patterns (individuals vs. clumps). Soil samples were collected from transects at two locations (track and center) on forwarder trails and reference points at three levels of soil depths (0-5, 10-15, and 20-25 cm), and HC data on the soil surface were measured adjacent to the BD sample point. Stand damage was assessed regardless of scar size. I found 25 to 30% increase in BD at 0-5 cm of soil depth on the track compared to reference, but HC showed the inconsistent results due to high variability, so a greater size of HC samples would be needed. Approximately, 16.2-32.2% of residual trees were damaged during operations, and I detected that most damage was located near the forwarding trails and ground level. In addition, I found the larger-sized-scars on clumped trees compared to individual trees in scar width and length. CTL thinning operations may be viable, however, future studies should be performed after few years to evaluate the feasibility of this harvesting system on longer-term tree growth.
Book Synopsis Efficacy of Forest Restoration Treatments Across a 40-year Chronosequence at Redwood National Park by : Kevin Soland
Download or read book Efficacy of Forest Restoration Treatments Across a 40-year Chronosequence at Redwood National Park written by Kevin Soland and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following 20th century logging, much of the natural coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) range consists of dense second-growth stands with slow tree growth and low biodiversity. There is a landscape-scale effort in much of coastal northern California to increase tree growth rates and ecosystem biodiversity via thinning treatments, thereby hopefully accelerating the development of old-growth forest characteristics. Redwood National Park (RNP) has been experimenting with thinning in these forest types since the 1970s. Given the interesting history of logging and restoration in RNP and the future plans for widespread thinning in this region, my thesis examined the effects of land management on forest productivity, biodiversity, and ecocultural resources. The first chapter provides a basic history of land management within the North Coast region. The second chapter investigates how redwood physiology, redwood growth, and forest biodiversity respond to restoration treatments. My Chapter 2 investigations found that thinning second-growth redwood forests 1) does not meaningfully influence tree water status, 2) increases tree gas exchange in the short-term, 3) increases tree growth in the long-term, 4) increases understory plant diversity, and 5) does not affect bird or mammal diversity. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that thinning second-growth redwood forests has the potential to accelerate the development of old-growth characteristics. This verification of the efficacy of restoration treatments is important information for land managers, as plans are currently underway to apply these treatments at the landscape-scale. Ideally, this thesis can provide useful baseline data to aid future assessments of long-term forest responses to contemporary restoration efforts.
Book Synopsis The Redwood Forest by : Save-the-Redwoods League
Download or read book The Redwood Forest written by Save-the-Redwoods League and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence is mounting that redwood forests, like many other ecosystems, cannot survive as small, isolated fragments in human-altered landscapes. Such fragments lose their diversity over time and, in the case of redwoods, may even lose the ability to grow new, giant trees. The Redwood Forest, written in support of Save-the-Redwood League's master plan, provides scientific guidance for saving the redwood forest by bringing together in a single volume the latest insights from conservation biology along with new information from data-gathering techniques such as GIS and remote sensing. It presents the most current findings on the geologic and cultural history, natural history, ecology, management, and conservation of the flora and fauna of the redwood ecosystem. Leading experts -- including Todd Dawson, Bill Libby, John Sawyer, Steve Sillett, Dale Thornburgh, Hartwell Welch, and many others -- offer a comprehensive account of the redwoods ecosystem, with specific chapters examining: the history of the redwood lineage, from the Triassic Period to the present, along with the recent history of redwoods conservation life history, architecture, genetics, environmental relations, and disturbance regimes of redwoods terrestrial flora and fauna, communities, and ecosystems aquatic ecosystems landscape-scale conservation planning management alternatives relating to forestry, restoration, and recreation. The Redwood Forest offers a case study for ecosystem-level conservation and gives conservation organizations the information, technical tools, and broad perspective they need to evaluate redwood sites and landscapes for conservation. It contains the latest information from ground-breaking research on such topics as redwood canopy communities, the role of fog in sustaining redwood forests, and the function of redwood burls. It also presents sobering lessons from current research on the effects of forestry activities on the sensitive faunas of redwood forests and streams. The key to perpetuating the redwood forest is understanding how it functions; this book represents an important step in establishing such an understanding. It presents a significant body of knowledge in a single volume, and will be a vital resource for conservation scientists, land use planners, policymakers, and anyone involved with conservation of redwoods and other forests.
Book Synopsis Effects of Timber Harvest Following Wildfire in Western North America by : David L. Peterson
Download or read book Effects of Timber Harvest Following Wildfire in Western North America written by David L. Peterson and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Timber harvest following wildfire leads to different outcomes depending on the biophysical setting of the forest, pattern of burn severity, operational aspects of tree removal, and other activities. Postfire logging adds to these effects by removing standing dead trees (snags) and disturbing the soil. The influence of postfire logging depends on the intensity of the fire, intensity of the logging operation, and mgmt. activities such as fuel treatments. Removal of snags reduces long-term fuel loads but generally results in increased amounts of fine fuels for the first few years after logging. Cavity-nesting birds, small mammals, and amphibians may be affected by harvest of standing dead and live trees, with negative effects on most species. Illustrations.
Book Synopsis The Role of Treefall Gaps and Fallen Trees in the Dynamics of Old Growth Coast Redwood (Sequoia Sempervirens (D.Don) Endl.) Forests by : Neil George Sugihara
Download or read book The Role of Treefall Gaps and Fallen Trees in the Dynamics of Old Growth Coast Redwood (Sequoia Sempervirens (D.Don) Endl.) Forests written by Neil George Sugihara and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fire and Sudden Oak Death in Coast Redwood Forests by : Benjamin Sean Ramage
Download or read book Fire and Sudden Oak Death in Coast Redwood Forests written by Benjamin Sean Ramage and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several different disturbances affect forests dominated by coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens). Among the most important disturbances are fire, which has occurred historically, and sudden oak death (SOD), an emerging disease caused by the exotic pathogen Phytophthora ramorum. Both of these disturbances affect redwood forest ecosystems in critical ways; some effects are similar across these two disturbance types, while others are dramatically different. In this dissertation, I present three original field studies designed to further scientific understanding of the effects of fire and sudden oak death in isolation. In addition, I integrate these findings to develop comprehensive insights into the disturbance ecology of redwood forests. Fire was frequent and ubiquitous in redwood forests prior to European settlement, but fires have been exceedingly small and rare over the last 70-80 years because of aggressive fire prevention and suppression policies. As a result, many aspects of redwood fire ecology remain poorly understood. Sudden oak death, a novel disturbance that was first discovered in the 1990s, is currently affecting redwood forests throughout coastal California. The most severely affected species, tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus syn. Lithocarpus densiflorus), is still widespread and abundant in the redwood ecosystem, but diseased areas have begun to experience considerable mortality. Tanoak is extremely valuable as a food source to numerous wildlife species and thus its decline could have major impacts on redwood forest communities. Despite substantial public concern and a great deal of research attention, many effects of this devastating disease have yet to be studied. Chapter 1 presents an investigation of tree regeneration in second-growth redwood forests experiencing sudden oak death-induced tanoak mortality, including a discussion of the factors that may be limiting seedling recruitment. I studied heavily impacted stands in Marin County (CA) and found the following: (1) despite reductions in canopy cover, there is no evidence that any species other than tanoak has exhibited a regenerative response to tanoak mortality, (2) the regeneration stratum was dominated by redwood and tanoak (other tree species were patchy and/or scarce), and (3) some severely affected areas lacked sufficient regeneration to fully re-occupy available growing space. These results indicate that redwood is likely to initially re-occupy the majority of the ground relinquished by tanoak, but also provide evidence that longer-term trajectories have yet to be determined and may be highly responsive to management interventions. Chapter 2 presents an assessment of how sudden oak death has affected - and may eventually affect - stand structure in redwood forests. I utilized a stratified plot design and a stand reconstruction technique to assess structural impacts, at present and in the future, of this emerging disease. I found that residual trees in diseased plots were more aggregated than trees in unaffected plots, and my models predicted that the loss of tanoak will lead to the following short-term changes: (1) greater average diameter, height, height-to-live-crown, and crown length, (2) higher standard deviations of diameter, height, and crown length, and (3) larger average nearest neighbor differences for diameter, height, and crown length. In addition, plots lacking tanoak (living or dead) - as compared to plots with tanoak - exhibited (1) greater average diameter, (2) higher standard deviations of diameter and crown length, and (3) increased nearest neighbor differences with regard to diameter, height, and crown length. This chapter also includes preliminary explorations of how sudden oak death-induced structural changes compare with typical old-growth characteristics and how this disease may affect the structure of old-growth forests. Chapter 3 presents an examination of the role of fire in the stand-level competitive dynamics of forests dominated by coast redwood, with a particular focus on post-fire survival rates and basal sprouting responses of redwood and tanoak. This study was initiated in response to a storm event in 2008 that ignited numerous fires throughout the redwood region and provided a rare opportunity to conduct replicated fire effects research. One year post-fire, bole survival and basal sprouting were quantified, for redwood and associated species, at four field sites that spanned much of the latitudinal range of redwood and encompassed second-growth and old-growth stands, burned and unburned areas, and a wide range of fire severities. I employed a mixed effects analytical framework and found that: (1) the probability of bole survival was greater for redwood than for tanoak, (2) this divergence was much more pronounced at higher fire severities, and (3) tanoak exhibited a slight advantage in terms of post-fire basal sprouting, but the dominance of tanoak basal sprouts in burned areas was reduced relative to unburned areas. In summary, fires of all severities increased the abundance of redwood relative to tanoak, but higher severity fires more strongly favored redwood. In chapter 4, findings from all three chapters are integrated to facilitate a detailed comparison of SOD and fire, as well as a discussion of several other aspects of redwood ecology and management. Major points include the following: (1) the effects of SOD and fire are similar in some ways (both favor redwood and remove understory/subcanopy trees), but very different in others (e.g. SOD may lead to the complete extirpation of tanoak from redwood forests), (2) the low levels of regeneration in many SOD-impacted areas may be a result, at least in part, of key differences between SOD and historical disturbances, and (3) interactions between SOD and fire may have more profound effects than either of these disturbances in isolation. Redwood forests are currently undergoing dramatic changes, many of which represent challenges to forest health and ecological integrity; some of these problems are effectively insurmountable, but others may be amenable to management interventions. Researchers and land managers must acknowledge that redwood forests are transitioning to a novel state, and recognize that successful stewardship of the redwood forest ecosystem will require sustained inquiry and considerable experimentation.
Book Synopsis Restoration and Tree Drought Resistance in Coast Redwood-Douglas-fir Forests at Redwood National Park, California by : Laura B. Lalemand
Download or read book Restoration and Tree Drought Resistance in Coast Redwood-Douglas-fir Forests at Redwood National Park, California written by Laura B. Lalemand and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the growing impacts of climate change worldwide and great uncertainty about forests' vulnerability to a changing climate in the Pacific Northwest, knowledge of coast redwood forest response is crucial. Many of the studies investigating forest response to drought focus on inland forest types rather than coastal forests. This study examined tree growth and drought response in coastal forests at restoration thinning sites, evaluating responses to local climate, tree-level competition, and site-level factors. Tree cores were extracted from previously harvested stands at three restoration sites in Redwood National Park, California, from both thinned and unthinned stands. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) trees > 20 cm diameter at breast height were sampled (n = 274), spanning six different thinning prescriptions with varying years of thinning treatments (1978, 1995, and 2007). Generalized linear mixed effects models were used to evaluate the influence of local climate, competition, site, stand age, time since thinning, and species on tree growth and drought response. Competition was found to be negatively associated with tree growth for both tree species (p
Book Synopsis Terrestrial Vegetation of California, 3rd Edition by : Michael Barbour
Download or read book Terrestrial Vegetation of California, 3rd Edition written by Michael Barbour and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2007-07-17 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This completely new edition of Terrestrial Vegetation of California clearly documents the extraordinary complexity and richness of the plant communities and of the state and the forces that shape them. This volume is a storehouse of information of value to anyone concerned with meeting the challenge of understanding, managing or conserving these unique plant communities under the growing threats of climate change, biological invasions and development."—Harold Mooney, Professor of Environmental Biology, Stanford University "The plants of California are under threat like never before. Traditional pressures of development and invasive species have been joined by a newly-recognized threat: human-caused climate change. It is essential that we thoroughly understand current plant community dynamics in order to have a hope of conserving them. This book represents an important, well-timed advance in knowledge of the vegetation of this diverse state and is an essential resource for professionals, students, and the general public alike."—Brent Mishler, Director of the University & Jepson Herbaria and Professor of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley
Download or read book Nature's Temples written by Joan Maloof and published by Timber Press. This book was released on 2016-11-16 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Maloof eloquently urges us to cherish the wildness of what little old-growth woodlands we have left. . . . Not only are they home to the richest diversity of creatures, but they work hard for humans too.” —New York Times Book Review An old-growth forest is one that has formed naturally over a long period of time with little or no disturbance from humankind. They are increasingly rare and largely misunderstood. In Nature’s Temples, Joan Maloof, the director of the Old-Growth Forest Network, makes a heartfelt and passionate case for their importance. This evocative and accessible narrative defines old-growth and provides a brief history of forests. It offers a rare view into how the life-forms in an ancient, undisturbed forest—including not only its majestic trees but also its insects, plant life, fungi, and mammals—differ from the life-forms in a forest manipulated by humans. What emerges is a portrait of a beautiful, intricate, and fragile ecosystem that now exists only in scattered fragments. Black-and-white illustrations by Andrew Joslin help clarify scientific concepts and capture the beauty of ancient trees.
Book Synopsis Wilderness Science in a Time of Change Conference by :
Download or read book Wilderness Science in a Time of Change Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Forest Canopies by : Margaret Lowman
Download or read book Forest Canopies written by Margaret Lowman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2004-09 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The treetops of the world's forests are where discovery and opportunity abound, however they have been relatively inaccessible until recently. This book represents an authoritative synthesis of data, anecdotes, case studies, observations, and recommendations from researchers and educators who have risked life and limb in their advocacy of the High Frontier. With innovative rope techniques, cranes, walkways, dirigibles, and towers, they finally gained access to the rich biodiversity that lives far above the forest floor and the emerging science of canopy ecology. In this new edition of Forest Canopies, nearly 60 scientists and educators from around the world look at the biodiversity, ecology, evolution, and conservation of forest canopy ecosystems. Comprehensive literature list State-of-the-art results and data sets from current field work Foremost scientists in the field of canopy ecology Expanded collaboration of researchers and international projects User-friendly format with sidebars and case studies Keywords and outlines for each chapter
Book Synopsis Wilderness Science in a Time of Change Conference: Wilderness as a place for scientific inquiry by :
Download or read book Wilderness Science in a Time of Change Conference: Wilderness as a place for scientific inquiry written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book General Technical Report RM. written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings RMRS. written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Conference on Coast Redwood Forest Ecology & Management by :
Download or read book Proceedings of the Conference on Coast Redwood Forest Ecology & Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Indicator Plants of Coastal British Columbia by : A. Ceska
Download or read book Indicator Plants of Coastal British Columbia written by A. Ceska and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This original work makes unprecedented use of some of the most important research to date in plant ecology. It is a guide for assessing site quality, that is, the climate and soil of particular forest and non-forest ecosystems. Foresters have long been interested in using plants as indicators in predicting the growth performance of reforestation sites, but the data have not been readily available. Indicator Plants of Coastal British Columbia fully discusses how indicator plants are recognized and demonstrates how indicator plants can be used in site diagnosis. The book presents colour illustrations and descriptions of 419 selected vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens of coastal British Columbia. Indicators with similar values are grouped into indicator species groups which are used to evaluate site quality. These data are supplemented by information on geographic distribution, life-form, shade tolerance, and other ecological characteristics of the species. Three methods are given on how to use indicator plants for the purpose of site diagnosis. Indicator Plants of Coastal British Columbia summarizes original research in a format which both students and practitioners will find easy to use.
