Immune And Structural Studies Of Synthetic Invariant Natural Killer T Cell Glycosphingolipid Activators

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Immune and Structural Studies of Synthetic Invariant Natural Killer T Cell Glycosphingolipid Activators

Author : Alysia Marie Birkholz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321648997
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (489 download)

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Book Synopsis Immune and Structural Studies of Synthetic Invariant Natural Killer T Cell Glycosphingolipid Activators by : Alysia Marie Birkholz

Download or read book Immune and Structural Studies of Synthetic Invariant Natural Killer T Cell Glycosphingolipid Activators written by Alysia Marie Birkholz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells comprise a small fraction of immune cells capable of responding within hours when stimulated by glycosphingolipid (GSL) antigens (Ags) and can impact the immune system months later. These iNKT cells respond to GSLs that are presented by the antigen presenting molecule CD1d. The iNKT cell driven immune cytokine response can alter depending on the GSL that is presented by CD1d. The GSL can lead to the production of a T helper type 1 (Th1) or a T helper type 2 (Th2) response characterized by IFN-gamma and IL-4 cytokines. Many synthetic GSL analogs of the most common iNKT cell antigen, alpha-Galactosylceramide (aGalCer) were used in this study to determine immunological and biochemical properties of Ags capable of activating iNKT cells. Studies consisted of in vitro Ag binding models, crystallographic structural models and in vivo immunological studies. Ags that are categorized as Th1 iNKT cell cytokine skewers have properties correlated with this response. The Th1 Ags studied are presented by CD1d on dendritic antigen presenting cells (APCs) and the CD1d and GSL seem to form more contacts according to structural studies and the CD1d-GSL complexes are more biologically stable in vivo. The work from these studies adds the to growing information in the field regarding the nature of iNKT cell immune system skewing.

Structure-activity Studies of Glycosphingolipids as Antigens of Natural Killer T Cells

Author : Randal Donald Goff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis Structure-activity Studies of Glycosphingolipids as Antigens of Natural Killer T Cells by : Randal Donald Goff

Download or read book Structure-activity Studies of Glycosphingolipids as Antigens of Natural Killer T Cells written by Randal Donald Goff and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To probe the potential for using NKT cells to bias the immune system between the proinflammatory TH1 response or the immunomodulatory TH2 mode, versions of alphaGalCer with shortened ceramides have been created. One of these truncated analogs, PBS-25, has successfully been cocrystallized with CD1d and the binary complex structure solved by X-ray crystallography.

Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity and Function

Author : Jonathan Soboloff
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 149870509X
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity and Function by : Jonathan Soboloff

Download or read book Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity and Function written by Jonathan Soboloff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: T cells play a vital role mediating adaptive immunity, a specific acquired resistance to an infectious agent produced by the introduction of an antigen. There are a variety of T cell types with different functions. They are called T cells, because they are derived from the thymus gland. This volume discusses how T cells are regulated through the operation of signaling mechanisms. Topics covered include positive and negative selection, early events in T cell receptor engagement, and various T cell subsets.

CD1- and MR1-restricted T Cells in Antimicrobial Immunity

Author : S.M. Mansour Haeryfar
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889197506
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis CD1- and MR1-restricted T Cells in Antimicrobial Immunity by : S.M. Mansour Haeryfar

Download or read book CD1- and MR1-restricted T Cells in Antimicrobial Immunity written by S.M. Mansour Haeryfar and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-01-21 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell-mediated immunity to extracellular and intracellular microbes has been traditionally linked to CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that recognize pathogen-derived peptides in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and class I molecules, respectively. Recent progress in our understanding of early host defense mechanisms has brought ‘unconventional’, innate-like T cells into the spotlight. These are a heterogeneous population of non-MHC-restricted T cells that exhibit ‘memory-like’ properties and mount emergency responses to infection. They may directly detect and destroy infected cells, but are best known for their ability to regulate downstream effector cells including but not limited to conventional T cells. Innate-like T cells include among others CD1-restricted natural killer T (NKT) cells and MR1-restricted mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. NKT cells recognize lipid antigens, and MAIT cells were recently demonstrated to respond to microbe-derived vitamin B metabolites. However, much remains to be learned about the antigen specificity range of these cells, their activation mode and their true potentials in immunotherapeutic applications. Like in many other areas of biology, uncertainties and controversies surrounding these cells and some of the experimental models, techniques and reagents employed to study them have brought about excitement and sometimes hot debates. This Special Topic was launched to provide updated reviews on protective and/or pathogenic roles of NKT and MAIT cells during infection. Leading experts discuss current controversies, pressing questions and the challenges that lie ahead for the advancement of this intriguing and rapidly evolving area of immunology. Unlike MHC, CD1 and MR1 display very limited polymorphism. Therefore, NKT and MAIT cells may be considered attractive targets for various diseases in diverse human populations. The potential benefits of NKT cell- and MAIT cell-based vaccination and treatment strategies in infectious diseases is an important subject that is also covered in this Topic.

Natural Killer T cells

Author : Masaki Terabe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461406137
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural Killer T cells by : Masaki Terabe

Download or read book Natural Killer T cells written by Masaki Terabe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will cover primary roles of NKT cells in immunity to cancer, in both mouse tumor models and cancer patients. There are several chapters describing general aspects of NKT cells.

Immunopotentiators in Modern Vaccines

Author : Virgil Schijns
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080457215
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Immunopotentiators in Modern Vaccines by : Virgil Schijns

Download or read book Immunopotentiators in Modern Vaccines written by Virgil Schijns and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-12-19 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunopotentiators in Modern Vaccines provides an in-depth insight and overview of a number of most promising immunopotentiators in modern vaccines. In contrast to existing books on the subject it provides recent data on the critical mechanisms governing the activity of vaccine adjuvants and delivery systems. Knowledge of immunological pathways and scenarios of the cells and molecules involved is described and depicted in comprehensive illustrations. Contributions from leading international authorities in the field Well-illustrated, informative figures present the interactions between immunopotentiators and the host immune system Each chapter lists advantages and potential hurdles for achieving a practical application for the specific immunopentiator

Role of CD1- and MR1-restricted T cells in Immunity and Disease

Author : Kazuya Iwabuchi
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889631222
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Role of CD1- and MR1-restricted T cells in Immunity and Disease by : Kazuya Iwabuchi

Download or read book Role of CD1- and MR1-restricted T cells in Immunity and Disease written by Kazuya Iwabuchi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-10-18 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CD1 and MR1 are major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-related proteins that bind and present non-peptide antigens to subsets of T cells with specialized functions. CD1 proteins typically present lipid antigens to CD1-restricted T cells, whereas MR1 presents vitamin B-based ligands and a variety of drugs and drug-like molecules to MR1-restricted T cells. The CD1 family of antigen presenting molecules has been divided into two groups: Group 1 contains CD1a, CD1b and CD1c, and Group 2 contains CD1d. Additionally, CD1e is expressed intracellularly and is involved in the loading of lipid antigens onto Group 1 CD1 proteins. Humans express both Groups 1 and 2 CD1 proteins, whereas mice only express CD1d. Group 1 CD1 proteins present lipid antigens to T cells that generally express diverse T cell receptors (TCRs) and exhibit adaptive-like functions, whereas CD1d presents lipid antigens to subsets of T cells that express either diverse or highly restricted TCRs and exhibit innate-like functions. CD1d-restricted T cells are called natural killer T (NKT) cells, which includes Type I or invariant NKT (iNKT) cells expressing semi-invariant TCRs, and Type II NKT cells expressing more diverse TCRs. CD1-restricted T cells have been implicated in a wide variety of diseases, including cancer, infections, and autoimmune, inflammatory and metabolic diseases. Additionally, NKT cells have been targeted for immunotherapy of disease with ligands such as α-galactosylceramide for iNKT cells, or sulfatide for Type II NKT cells. Like iNKT cells, MR1-restricted T cells express semi-invariant TCRs and display innate-like functions. MR1-restricted T cells, also called mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, have been implicated in immune responses against a variety of pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis C virus and influenza virus. Moreover, these cells contribute to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, including colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, lupus, and diabetes.

Current Topics in Innate Immunity

Author : John D. Lambris
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387717676
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

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Book Synopsis Current Topics in Innate Immunity by : John D. Lambris

Download or read book Current Topics in Innate Immunity written by John D. Lambris and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-07 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the post genomic era, understanding of the innate immune system is enriched by findings on the specificity of innate immune reactions as well as to novel functions that do not strictly correlate with immunological defense and surveillance, immune modulation or inflammation. This volume covers natural killer cells, mast cells, phagocytes, toll-like receptors, complement, host defense in plants and invertebrates, evasion strategies of microorganisms, pathophysiology, protein structures, design of therapeutics, and experimental approaches.

NKT Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy, 2nd Edition

Author : Tonya J. Webb
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889661539
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis NKT Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy, 2nd Edition by : Tonya J. Webb

Download or read book NKT Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy, 2nd Edition written by Tonya J. Webb and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Clinical and Basic Immunodermatology

Author : Anthony Gaspari
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1848001657
Total Pages : 812 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Clinical and Basic Immunodermatology by : Anthony Gaspari

Download or read book Clinical and Basic Immunodermatology written by Anthony Gaspari and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-05 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dermatologists are being asked to understand the pathophysiology of a number of immune-mediated skin diseases. In addition, a number of new products have appeared on the market during the past decade which requires an understanding of the mechanisms of action of these drugs. Dermatologists, however, have no easily understood book to which they can refer to regarding the disease or the drug.

Inflammation, 4 Volume Set

Author : Jean-Marc Cavaillon
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527338993
Total Pages : 1818 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Inflammation, 4 Volume Set by : Jean-Marc Cavaillon

Download or read book Inflammation, 4 Volume Set written by Jean-Marc Cavaillon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 1818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dieses Fachbuch erläutert die molekularen Grundlagen von Entzündungen, spannt den Bogen zu Infektionskrankheiten und den Zusammenhang zwischen Entzündungen und chronischen Erkrankungen, behandelt abschließend den Heilungsprozess und zeigt Therapiemöglichkeiten.

Primer to the Immune Response

Author : Tak W. Mak
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 012385461X
Total Pages : 703 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Primer to the Immune Response by : Tak W. Mak

Download or read book Primer to the Immune Response written by Tak W. Mak and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-12-23 with total page 703 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written in the same engaging conversational style as the acclaimed first edition, Primer to The Immune Response, 2nd Edition is a fully updated and invaluable resource for college and university students in life sciences, medicine and other health professions who need a concise but comprehensive introduction to immunology. The authors bring clarity and readability to their audience, offering a complete survey of the most fundamental concepts in basic and clinical immunology while conveying the subject’s fascinating appeal. The content of this new edition has been completely updated to include current information on all aspects of basic and clinical immunology. The superbly drawn figures are now in full color, complemented by full color plates throughout the book. The text is further enhanced by the inclusion of numerous tables, special topic boxes and brief notes that provide interesting insights. At the end of each chapter, a self-test quiz allows students to monitor their mastery of major concepts, while a set of conceptual questions prompts them to extrapolate further and extend their critical thinking. Moreover, as part of the Academic Cell line of textbooks, Primer to The Immune Response, 2nd Edition contains research passages that shine a spotlight on current experimental work reported in Cell Press articles. These articles also form the basis of case studies that are found in the associated online study guide and are designed to reinforce clinical connections. Complete yet concise coverage of the basic and clinical principles of immunology Engaging conversational writing style that is to the point and very readable Over 200 clear, elegant color illustrations Comprehensive glossary and list of abbreviations

Sphingolipid Biology

Author : Y. Hirabayashi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9784431800460
Total Pages : 531 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Sphingolipid Biology by : Y. Hirabayashi

Download or read book Sphingolipid Biology written by Y. Hirabayashi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-09-03 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sphingolipids are fundamental to the structures of cell membranes, lipoproteins, and the stratum cornea of the skin. Many complex sphingolipids, as well as simpler sphingoid bases and derivatives, are highly bioactive as extra- and intracellular regulators of growth, differentiation, migration, survival, senescence, and numerous cellular responses to stress. This book reviews exciting new developments in sphingolipid biology/sphingolipidology that challenge our understanding of how multicellular organisms grow, develop, function, age, and die.

Immune Mediated Diseases

Author : Michael R Shurin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387720057
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

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Book Synopsis Immune Mediated Diseases by : Michael R Shurin

Download or read book Immune Mediated Diseases written by Michael R Shurin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-23 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes contributions from the speakers of the Second IMD Congress (September 10-15, 2007; Moscow, Russia) who were eager to share some of the academic and clinical enthusiasm that defines the IMD meetings. The goal of the International Immune-Mediated Diseases: From Theory to Therapy (IMD) Congress is to bring the world’s best immunologists and clinicians to Moscow.

Progressive Brain Disorders in Childhood

Author : Juan M. Pascual
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107042054
Total Pages : 507 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Progressive Brain Disorders in Childhood by : Juan M. Pascual

Download or read book Progressive Brain Disorders in Childhood written by Juan M. Pascual and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-20 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review of childhood neurodegenerative and other progressive but non-degenerative disorders to guide their diagnosis and management.

Fabry Disease

Author : Deborah Elstein
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789048190348
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Fabry Disease by : Deborah Elstein

Download or read book Fabry Disease written by Deborah Elstein and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-04 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fabry disease is an X-linked inborn error of metabolism wherein deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme results in systemic deposition of glycosphingolipids. Storage deposition, and hence pathological disease, occurs preferentially in renal glomerular and tubular epithelial cells, myocardial cells, heart valve fibrocytes, neurons of dorsal root ganglia, and in endothelial smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. Thus, Fabry disease is a multi-system disorder, albeit with considerable phenotypic heterogeneity in onset and in severity; however, it is progressive, exhibits extensive morbidity, and is life-threatening. Within the past two decades, there has been a radical change in the natural course Fabry disease by virtue of the availability of specific enzyme replacement therapy. Moreover, there has been a concerted effort to better understand the underlying pathology and equally to identify patients prior to the onset of irreversible end-organ damage. It is to be hoped that the future for patients with Fabry disease can be viewed with greater, albeit guarded, optimism. This state-of-the-art textbook attempts to bridge the span of pre-clinical studies, clinical finding, and management options in a readable but comprehensive manner for the medical practitioner as well as the interested non-medical reader.

Dorland's Dictionary of Medical Acronyms and Abbreviations E-Book

Author : Dorland
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323442544
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (234 download)

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Book Synopsis Dorland's Dictionary of Medical Acronyms and Abbreviations E-Book by : Dorland

Download or read book Dorland's Dictionary of Medical Acronyms and Abbreviations E-Book written by Dorland and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-07-24 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical acronyms and abbreviations offer convenience, but those countless shortcuts can often be confusing. Now a part of the popular Dorland’s suite of products, this reference features thousands of terms from across various medical specialties. Its alphabetical arrangement makes for quick reference, and expanded coverage of symbols ensures they are easier to find. Effective communication plays an important role in all medical settings, so turn to this trusted volume for nearly any medical abbreviation you might encounter. Symbols section makes it easier to locate unusual or seldom-used symbols. Convenient alphabetical format allows you to find the entry you need more intuitively. More than 90,000 entries and definitions. Many new and updated entries including terminology in expanding specialties, such as Nursing; Physical, Occupational, and Speech Therapies; Transcription and Coding; Computer and Technical Fields. New section on abbreviations to avoid, including Joint Commission abbreviations that are not to be used. Incorporates updates suggested by the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP).