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Identifying Technologies And Communicating The Benefits And Risks Of Disinfecting Wet Weather Flows
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Book Synopsis Identifying Technologies and Communicating the Benefits and Risks of Disinfecting Wet Weather Flows by : P. E. Moffa
Download or read book Identifying Technologies and Communicating the Benefits and Risks of Disinfecting Wet Weather Flows written by P. E. Moffa and published by International Water Assn. This book was released on 2005 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objective of this project was to identify and communicate the benefits and risks of disinfecting wet weather flows by evaluating available disinfection technologies and identifying disinfection by-products and their potential risks to aquatic and human life. A decision-making framework was developed that could be used as a model to guide combined sewer overflow (CSO), sanitary sewer overflow (SSO) and stormwater (SW) disinfection control policies. This project was implemented as a case study in collaboration with the Onondaga County Department of Water Environment Protection (Syracuse, NY). A literature review was completed that identified appropriate disinfection technologies and the associated disinfection by-products. A disinfection demonstration was conducted to verify findings of the literature review and fill data gaps. The data collected during this project were used by local stakeholders to select the most appropriate technologies. Information regarding the benefits and risks of disinfecting wet weather flows was also presented to the public during a public workshop. All four technologies that were piloted achieved the United States Environmental Protection Agency's bacterial criteria. Ozonation and UV produced no measurable residuals or by-products and resulted in no effluent aquatic toxicity as measured through WET testing. Chlorination/dechlorination and chlorine dioxide did produce residuals and disinfection by-products including chlorate, chlorite, trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. With the exception of chlorite, these by-product concentrations were less than drinking water standards. Chlorination/dechlorination and chlorine dioxide did result in effluent aquatic toxicity as measured through WET testing. In the case of chlorination/dechlorination the toxicity appeared to be related to residual chlorine and in the case of chlorine dioxide the toxicity appeared to be related to residual chlorine dioxide and/or chlorite. Residuals can easily be controlled through proper dechlorination in a full-scale application. The chlorite was a by-product of the particular chlorine dioxide production method; this could be avoided by a generation method that produces a chlorite-free product, which would be more appropriate for a full-scale application. Based on findings from the literature review and disinfection demonstration, hazards associated with wet weather flow disinfection appear low, but the potential for public opposition can be high. Therefore, proper communication planning to include stakeholders in the decision-making process and conduct public outreach is required. Stakeholders were included throughout the project through workshops.
Download or read book Water Environment & Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 2003-07 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Safeguarding Your Technology by : Tom Szuba
Download or read book Safeguarding Your Technology written by Tom Szuba and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems Manual by :
Download or read book Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems Manual written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This manual contains overview information on treatment technologies, installation practices, and past performance."--Introduction.
Book Synopsis Regional Cooperation for Water Quality Improvement in Southwestern Pennsylvania by : National Research Council
Download or read book Regional Cooperation for Water Quality Improvement in Southwestern Pennsylvania written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-04 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The city of Pittsburgh and surrounding area of southwestern Pennsylvania face complex water quality problems, due in large part to aging wastewater infrastructures that cannot handle sewer overflows and stormwater runoff, especially during wet weather. Other problems such as acid mine drainage are a legacy of the region's past coal mining, heavy industry, and manufacturing economy. Currently, water planning and management in southwestern Pennsylvania is highly fragmented; federal and state governments, 11 counties, hundreds of municipalities, and other entities all play roles, but with little coordination or cooperation. The report finds that a comprehensive, watershed-based approach is needed to effectively meet water quality standards throughout the region in the most cost-effective manner. The report outlines both technical and institutional alternatives to consider in the development and implementation of such an approach.
Download or read book Design Manual written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Backpacker written by and published by . This book was released on 2001-03 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.
Book Synopsis Water Reuse by : National Research Council
Download or read book Water Reuse written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-07-17 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding water reuse-the use of treated wastewater for beneficial purposes including irrigation, industrial uses, and drinking water augmentation-could significantly increase the nation's total available water resources. Water Reuse presents a portfolio of treatment options available to mitigate water quality issues in reclaimed water along with new analysis suggesting that the risk of exposure to certain microbial and chemical contaminants from drinking reclaimed water does not appear to be any higher than the risk experienced in at least some current drinking water treatment systems, and may be orders of magnitude lower. This report recommends adjustments to the federal regulatory framework that could enhance public health protection for both planned and unplanned (or de facto) reuse and increase public confidence in water reuse.
Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council
Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309493854 Total Pages :291 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Management of Legionella in Water Systems by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Management of Legionella in Water Systems written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-02-20 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legionnaires' disease, a pneumonia caused by the Legionella bacterium, is the leading cause of reported waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. Legionella occur naturally in water from many different environmental sources, but grow rapidly in the warm, stagnant conditions that can be found in engineered water systems such as cooling towers, building plumbing, and hot tubs. Humans are primarily exposed to Legionella through inhalation of contaminated aerosols into the respiratory system. Legionnaires' disease can be fatal, with between 3 and 33 percent of Legionella infections leading to death, and studies show the incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States increased five-fold from 2000 to 2017. Management of Legionella in Water Systems reviews the state of science on Legionella contamination of water systems, specifically the ecology and diagnosis. This report explores the process of transmission via water systems, quantification, prevention and control, and policy and training issues that affect the incidence of Legionnaires' disease. It also analyzes existing knowledge gaps and recommends research priorities moving forward.
Book Synopsis Handbook for Managing Onsite and Clustered (decentralized) Wastewater Treatment Systems by :
Download or read book Handbook for Managing Onsite and Clustered (decentralized) Wastewater Treatment Systems written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States by : National Research Council
Download or read book Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-07-29 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.
Book Synopsis Nature Based Solutions for Wastewater Treatment by : Katharine Cross
Download or read book Nature Based Solutions for Wastewater Treatment written by Katharine Cross and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2021-08-15 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are 2.4 billion people without improved sanitation and another 2.1 billion with inadequate sanitation (i.e. wastewater drains directly into surface waters), and despite improvements over the past decades, the unsafe management of fecal waste and wastewater continues to present a major risk to public health and the environment (UN, 2016). There is growing interest in low cost sanitation solutions which harness natural systems. However, it can be difficult for wastewater utility managers to understand under what conditions such nature-based solutions (NBS) might be applicable and how best to combine traditional infrastructure, for example an activated sludge treatment plant, with an NBS such as treatment wetlands. There is increasing scientific evidence that treatment systems with designs inspired by nature are highly efficient treatment technologies. The cost-effective design and implementation of ecosystems in wastewater treatment is something that exists and has the potential to be further promoted globally as both a sustainable and practical solution. This book serves as a compilation of technical references, case examples and guidance for applying nature-based solutions for treatment of domestic wastewater, and enables a wide variety of stakeholders to understand the design parameters, removal efficiencies, costs, co-benefits for both people and nature and trade-offs for consideration in their local context. Examples through case studies are from across the globe and provide practical insights into the variety of potentially applicable solutions.
Book Synopsis Aerobic Granular Sludge by : S. Bathe
Download or read book Aerobic Granular Sludge written by S. Bathe and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2005-03-31 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerobic Granular Sludge has recently received growing attention by researchers and technology developers, worldwide. Laboratory studies and preliminary field tests led to the conclusion that granular activated sludge can be readily established and profitably used in activated sludge plants, provided 'correct' process conditions are chosen. But what makes process conditions 'correct'? And what makes granules different from activated sludge flocs? Answers to these question are offered in Aerobic Granular Sludge. Major topics covered in this book include: Reasons and mechanism of aerobic granule formation Structure of the microbial population of aerobic granules Role, composition and physical properties of EPS Diffuse limitation and microbial activity within granules Physio-chemical characteristics Operation and application of granule reactors Scale-up aspects of granular sludge reactors, and case studies Aerobic Granular Sludge provides up-to-date information about a rapidly emerging new technology of biological treatment.
Download or read book Design Manual written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Drought risk management: a strategic approach by : Speed, Robert
Download or read book Drought risk management: a strategic approach written by Speed, Robert and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Drinking Water Distribution Systems by : National Research Council
Download or read book Drinking Water Distribution Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protecting and maintaining water distributions systems is crucial to ensuring high quality drinking water. Distribution systems-consisting of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, reservoirs, meters, fittings, and other hydraulic appurtenances-carry drinking water from a centralized treatment plant or well supplies to consumers' taps. Spanning almost 1 million miles in the United States, distribution systems represent the vast majority of physical infrastructure for water supplies, and thus constitute the primary management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. Recent data on waterborne disease outbreaks suggest that distribution systems remain a source of contamination that has yet to be fully addressed. This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events in distribution systems. Particular attention is given to backflow events via cross connections, the potential for contamination of the distribution system during construction and repair activities, maintenance of storage facilities, and the role of premise plumbing in public health risk. The report also identifies advances in detection, monitoring and modeling, analytical methods, and research and development opportunities that will enable the water supply industry to further reduce risks associated with drinking water distribution systems.
