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Humpback Whale Megaptera Novaeangliae Entanglements In Commercial Fishing Gear On The Us West Coast
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Book Synopsis Humpback Whale (Megaptera Novaeangliae) Entanglements in Commercial Fishing Gear on the U.S. West Coast by : Rachel Assink
Download or read book Humpback Whale (Megaptera Novaeangliae) Entanglements in Commercial Fishing Gear on the U.S. West Coast written by Rachel Assink and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2015, humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) on the U.S. West Coast were separated into three Distinct Population Segments (DPSs) under the Endangered Species Act, but have remained one stock under the Marine Mammal Protection Act. The mismatch between stock structure and DPS structure under these two different laws has created several management challenges, particularly in terms of assessing allowable levels of human-caused mortalities. Entanglement in commercial fishing gear presents a significant source of mortality and injury for humpback whales, and entanglement reports on the West Coast have significantly increased since 2014. I address some of the implications of a future change in stock structure to match the DPS structure by assessing 1) which DPSs are most likely to be affected by entanglements, examining differential levels of mortality and serious injury, and 2) examining reductions in mortality needed to achieve management goals. I find that under a revised stock structure consistent with DPS designations, current entanglement rates exceed allowable mortality levels for the endangered Central America population.
Book Synopsis Tangled Up and Blue by : Kaitlin Marie Lebon
Download or read book Tangled Up and Blue written by Kaitlin Marie Lebon and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2014, the U.S. West Coast has experienced a sudden increase in reported whale entanglements with commercial fishing gear. The increase has been particularly acute in reported entanglements between Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) and commercial Dungeness crab gear. The current rate of entanglements is alarming and could trigger consequences for the responsible fisheries under the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) and Endangered Species Act (ESA); it seems likely that some change in the social-ecological status quo will be necessary to avoid significant harm to either the fishing community or the whales. Here, I compare several gear modifications and management alternatives to reduce entanglements, thereby reducing conflicts between whales and fishermen, scoring policy alternatives according to estimated cost to fishermen, likelihood of the alternative to reduce whale entanglements, and anticipated reaction of fishermen in response to the change. The intent of this study was to create a decision-aid tool for managers and policy makers to use when contemplating changes to the West Coast commercial Dungeness fishery. A small number of policy options consistently ranked high in a multi-criteria decision analysis; these included the use of Galvanic Timed Releases, which minimize the time that crab-pot lines are in the water and thus reduce the likelihood of entanglement. In addition, I include potential regulatory and non-regulatory pathways for implementing changes to the commercial Dungeness fishery, thereby providing both a substantive and procedural roadmap for reducing fishery-whale conflict.
Book Synopsis Understanding the Co-occurrence of Large Whales and Commercial Fixed Gear Fisheries Off the West Coast of the United States by :
Download or read book Understanding the Co-occurrence of Large Whales and Commercial Fixed Gear Fisheries Off the West Coast of the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large whale entanglement in commercial fishing gear off the U.S. west coast has been identified as an issue of concern by NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) because of the potential impacts to both large whales (individually and at a stock/population level) and the commercial fishing industry. Large whales entangled in gear may be injured and/or impared which could affect the ability of individuals to survive and a population's ability to recover. Blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus), fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus), gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus), humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) and sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) were included in this study based on their distribution and density associated with habitat, as modeled through multi-year ship-based surveys or migration studies and/or historic entanglement records. Along the U.S. west coast, an average of 10 large whales have been reported entangled between 2000 and 2012. Little information has been confirmed from entanglement reports about the origin of the entangling fishing gear; therefore NMFS has developed analytical tools to assess the potential entanglement risk associated with various fixed gear fisheries relative to their co-occurrence with large whale species. A primary tool includes the development of a model to represent the spatial and temporal distributions of commercial fishing effort, focusing on fixed gear fisheries with gear that has been confirmed as entangling whales through sightings and strandings of entangled animals and or has the potential for causing entanglement based on similarities in the general configuration of gear across the fisheries. Fishing effort represented in this study, both state and federally managed, was derived from landings data obtained through the Pacific Fisheries Information Network (PacFIN). The relative density of fishing effort throughout the calendar year was overlaid with species-specific whale distribution patterns, modeled from systematically-collected marine mammal survey data, to help identify spatial and temporal overlap between whales and fisheries. The other tool developed, a co-occurrence model, identified potential species-specific elevated risk areas where and when large whales are more likely to encounter fishing gear, which is the first step in assessment of whale entanglement risk associated with fixed-gear fisheries on the U.S. west coast. Co-occurrence "scores" were calculated based on correlated area, time, and density of overlap between fixed gear fisheries and whale distribution. Overall, the Dungeness crab trap fishery had the highest co-occurrence scores, and associated entanglement risk, with all whale species included in the model. Confirmed entanglement reports were compared with model results. Alignment of known entanglement locations with areas of higher co-occurrence scores supported the use of the co-occurrence model for assessment of whale entanglement risk off the U.S. west coast. Research on the identified elevated risk areas, combined with the ability to trace gear continued gear research, and strengthened outreach to improve reporting, should improve the ability to minimize or mitigate the risk of large whale entanglements.
Book Synopsis Humpback Whale (Megaptera Novaeangliae) Entanglement in Fishing Gear in Northern Southeastern Alaska by : Janet L. Neilson
Download or read book Humpback Whale (Megaptera Novaeangliae) Entanglement in Fishing Gear in Northern Southeastern Alaska written by Janet L. Neilson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The prevalence of non-lethal entanglements of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in fishing gear in northern southeastern Alaska (SEAK) was quantified using a scar-based method. The percentage of whales assessed to have been entangled ranged from 52% (minimal estimate) to 71% (conditional estimate) to 78% (maximal estimate). The conditional estimate is recommended because it is based solely on unambiguous scars. Eight percent of the whales in Glacier Bay/Icy Strait acquired new entanglement scars between years, although the sample size was small. Calves were less likely to have entanglement scars than older whales and males may be at higher risk than females. The temporal and spatial distribution of commercial fisheries is complex and difficult to correlate with these results. The percentage of whales with entanglement scarring is comparable to the Gulf of Maine where entanglement is a substantial management concern. Consequently, SEAK humpback whale-fisheries interactions may warrant a similar level of scrutiny"--Leaf iii.
Download or read book Entanglements written by Tora Johnson and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 2007-09-23 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Entanglements explores the clash of cultures and personalities among fishermen, scientists, and whale advocates struggling to save both the endangered North Atlantic right whale and the livelihoods of thousands of Atlantic coastal families. By most counts, about 300 of these whales remain in the North Atlantic, and scientists warn that collisions with fishing gear are contributing to their decline. The political climate that surrounds the world's most endangered large whale is contentious, complex, and heartrending. Without pointing fingers or laying blame, Tora Johnson explores every side of the issue. She takes us to sea with fishermen who struggle to stay in business, setting traps and gillnets in the whale's habitat, and with members of the rescue teams who attempt to cut away deadly rope and net from whales in the wild. Weaving their stories and her personal observations into a discussion of the science and history of the conflict, she offers an admirable balance of perceptions, backgrounds, and agendas. Her thoughtful discussion of the plight of fishermen and whales and of the frustrations between fishing communities and conservationists presents an authentic microcosm of the global conflict between human demands on the environment and nature's finite capacity for supporting those demands.
Book Synopsis Shock Testing the Seawolf Submarine by :
Download or read book Shock Testing the Seawolf Submarine written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessment Approaches to Support Bycatch Management for Marine Mammals by : Tessa Francis
Download or read book Assessment Approaches to Support Bycatch Management for Marine Mammals written by Tessa Francis and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-06-21 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Entanglement of Humpback Whales in Fishing Gear by : Melissa S. Mooney
Download or read book Entanglement of Humpback Whales in Fishing Gear written by Melissa S. Mooney and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessment of Entanglement Risk by : Samantha C. Macks
Download or read book Assessment of Entanglement Risk written by Samantha C. Macks and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2014, reports of whale entanglements have spiked along the U.S. West Coast from an average of 10 confirmed cases per year to up to 71 reported entanglements in 2016. The commercial fixed gear Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fishery has been the most identifiable gear in confirmed whale entanglements. The continued high number of reported whale entanglements has warranted fishery managers, fishermen, and other stakeholders to look into solutions to reducing the number of entangled whales; however, a better understanding of where and why these entanglement rates have spiked is needed. Previous efforts by National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to understand entanglement risk designed a co-occurrence model to assess entanglement risk along the West Coast by overlaying landings data with species-specific whale density and distribution patterns to produce relative co-occurrence scores as an indicator for risk. The purpose of this study was to create a vertical line co-occurrence model between large whales and the commercial Dungeness crab fishery; as NMFS indicated in their previous model, that the use of gear density instead of the number of pounds landed to represent fishing effort provides a better understanding of high entanglement risk areas. This research provides a comparison to previous co-occurrence modeling efforts, highlights the areas and months of high entanglement risk, and compares risk areas over several time periods. The vertical line co-occurrence models piloted in this study created a new understanding of areas of entanglement risk for large whales in recent years to aid future efforts by NMFS and fishery managers to mitigate large whale entanglements.
Book Synopsis Satellite Remote Sensing for Conservation Action by : Allison K. Leidner
Download or read book Satellite Remote Sensing for Conservation Action written by Allison K. Leidner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-16 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains how satellite remote sensing informs and helps deliver successful conservation management through case studies, which highlight practitioner experience.
Book Synopsis Citizen Science for Coastal and Marine Conservation by : John A. Cigliano
Download or read book Citizen Science for Coastal and Marine Conservation written by John A. Cigliano and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-31 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, citizen science has emerged as a powerful new concept to enable the general public, students, and volunteers to become involved in scientific research. A prime example is in biodiversity conservation, where data collection and monitoring can be greatly enhanced through citizen participation. This is the first book to provide much needed guidance and case studies from marine and coastal conservation. The novelty and rapid expansion of the field has created a demand for the discussion of key issues and the development of best practices. The book demonstrates the utility and feasibility, as well as limitations, of using marine and coastal citizen science for conservation, and by providing critical considerations (i.e.which questions and systems are best suited for citizen science), presents recommendations for best practices for successful marine and coastal citizen science projects. A range of case studies, for example, on monitoring of seabird populations, invasive species, plastics pollution, and the impacts of climate change, from different parts of the world, is included. Also included are discussions on engaging youth, indigenous communities, and divers and snorkelers as citizen scientists, as well as best practices on communication within citizen science, building trust with stakeholders, and informing marine policy as part of this exciting and empowering way of improving marine and coastal conservation. .
Book Synopsis Large Whale Entanglements Off the U.S. West Coast, from 1982-2017 by :
Download or read book Large Whale Entanglements Off the U.S. West Coast, from 1982-2017 written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Humpback Whales in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska by : United States. Marine Mammal Commission
Download or read book Humpback Whales in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska written by United States. Marine Mammal Commission and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2023-09-17 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 'Humpback Whales in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska,' the United States Marine Mammal Commission provides a comprehensive study on the migration patterns, behavior, and conservation status of the iconic humpback whales in this particular region. The book is written in a scientific and analytical style, with detailed observations and data analysis that contribute to our understanding of the marine ecosystem within Glacier Bay National Monument. The authors utilize a multidisciplinary approach, combining biology, ecology, and environmental science to paint a holistic picture of the humpback whale population in Alaska. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, conservationists, and anyone interested in marine mammal studies. It sheds light on the importance of preserving the delicate balance of marine life in this unique and biodiverse region. The authors, affiliated with the Marine Mammal Commission, bring a wealth of expertise and experience to the subject matter, making this book a relevant and authoritative source for marine conservation efforts. Readers will gain insight into the complex interactions between humpback whales and their environment, which will deepen their appreciation for these majestic creatures and the continued need for conservation initiatives.
Book Synopsis Tracking marine megafauna for conservation and marine spatial planning by : Jorge M. Pereira
Download or read book Tracking marine megafauna for conservation and marine spatial planning written by Jorge M. Pereira and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-02-09 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Marine Mammals Ashore by : Joseph R. Geraci
Download or read book Marine Mammals Ashore written by Joseph R. Geraci and published by National Aquarium in Baltimore. This book was released on 2005 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive manual for understanding and carrying out marine mammal rescue activities for stranded seals, manatees, dolphins, whales, or sea otters.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Entanglements on Two Substocks of the Western North Atlantic Humpback Whale, Megaptera Novaeangliae by : Lisa Volgenau
Download or read book The Impact of Entanglements on Two Substocks of the Western North Atlantic Humpback Whale, Megaptera Novaeangliae written by Lisa Volgenau and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Report of the International Whaling Commission by : International Whaling Commission
Download or read book Report of the International Whaling Commission written by International Whaling Commission and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
