Human-automation teamwork

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Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9179299032
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (792 download)

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Book Synopsis Human-automation teamwork by : Åsa Svensson

Download or read book Human-automation teamwork written by Åsa Svensson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation explores the topic of human-automation teamwork in Air Traffic Control (ATC). ATC is a high stakes environment where complex automation is being introduced while the human operator has the legal responsibility. With increasing demands on productivity in various industries (as also in ATC), automation is introduced for efficiency, maintaining safety, and to keep the workload of the human operator within acceptable limits. However, previous research has shown that automation may cause negative effects on the human operator and performance, such as forcing the operator out of the control loop, which might lead to problems or confusion. Previous research suggests a need for strengthening human-automation collaboration where automation is seen as a team member to keep the operator in the loop. In order to achieve such teamwork, the design of the automation needs to be human-centred, i.e. that the automation is designed for the underlying need of the operator. The aim of this dissertation is to explore teamwork in ATC from several angles to understand how the air traffic controllers are working in current ATC environments and how automation could be designed to support human-automation teamwork. The included studies rely on interviews, simulations, and questionnaires, all with operational air traffic controllers as participants. The results indicate that for both human-human teamwork and human-automation teamwork, teamwork factors such as adaptability and mutual performance monitoring (knowing what the other team members are doing) are important for the work performance in current ATC environments, where mutual performance monitoring is especially important during stressful situations. When designing automation, lessons learned from human-human teamwork should be considered. The work within the scope of this dissertation identifies and concerns two human-automation teamwork aspects: boundary awareness and implicit communication. These are proposed to support the operator’s knowledge about the automation and the communication flow between the operator and the automation. Boundary awareness is the operator’s knowledge of the automation’s abilities, its boundaries (what it can or cannot manage), and about consequences if it would go outside of these boundaries. Implicit communication is the unspoken or implied small cues that the operator and the automation can use to communicate with each other. It is proposed that implicit communication can be based on the work patterns of the operator. The knowledge gained through the work in this dissertation can be used as a foundation for further research and design of automation regarding operator knowledge about the automation boundaries and the communication within the team. Denna avhandling utforskar teamwork mellan människa och automation inom flygtrafikledning. Flygtrafikledning är en högriskmiljö där komplex automation introduceras samtidigt som den mänskliga operatören har det juridiska ansvaret. Med ökade krav på produktivitet inom olika industrier (och även inom flygtrafikledning) så introduceras automation för effektiviteten, för att bibehålla säkerheten och för att hålla arbetsbelastningen för den mänskliga operatören inom acceptabla gränser. Tidigare forskning har däremot visat att automationen kan orsaka negativa effekter på den mänskliga operatören och på prestationen, som till exempel att tvinga ut operatören utanför kontrolloopen vilket leder till problem och förvirring. Tidigare forskning föreslår ett starkare samarbete mellan människa och automation där automationen är sedd som en teammedlem för att behålla operatören i loopen. För att uppnå ett sådant samarbete behöver automation vara människo-centrerad, att automation med andra ord är designad för operatörens underliggande behov. Syftet med denna avhandling är att utforska teamwork från olika vinklar inom flygtrafikledning för att förstå hur flygledare jobbar i nuvarande flygtrafikledningsmiljöer och för att förstå hur automation skulle kunna designas för att stödja teamwork mellan människa och automation. Studierna som denna avhandling bygger på har använt sig av intervjuer, simuleringar och enkäter, alla med operativa flygtrafikledare som deltagare. Resultatet tyder på att för både människa-människa teamwork och människa-automations teamwork så är teamwork faktorer så som flexibilitet och ömsesidig övervakning av teammedlemmarnas prestationer viktiga där övervakning av teammedlemmarnas prestationer är speciellt viktigt under stressiga situationer. När man designar automation bör man ta lärdom från teamwork mellan människor. Vidare så identifierar och behandlar arbetet inom denna avhandling två aspekter gällande teamwork mellan människa och automation: gränsmedvetenhet och implicit kommunikation. Dessa aspekter är föreslagna vi att stötta operatörens kunskap om automationen och kommunikationsflödet mellan operatören och automationen. Gränsmedvetenhet är operatörens kunskap om automationens förmågor, dess gränser och dess konsekvenser när automation går utanför dessa gränser. Implicit kommunikation är de outtalade eller implicita ledtrådar som operatören och automationen kan använda för att kommunicera med varandra. Det är föreslaget att implicit kommunikation kan baseras på arbetsmönster från operatören eller från prediktioner från automationen. Kunskapen från denna avhandling kan användas som ett underlagför vidare forskning och design av automation gällande operatörers kunskap om automationens gränser och kommunikationen inom teamet.

Identifying Requirements for Effective Human-Automation Teamwork

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (967 download)

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Book Synopsis Identifying Requirements for Effective Human-Automation Teamwork by :

Download or read book Identifying Requirements for Effective Human-Automation Teamwork written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous studies have shown that poorly designed human-automation collaboration, such as poorly designed communication protocols, often leads to problems for the human operators, such as: lack of vigilance, complacency, and loss of skills. These problems often lead to suboptimal system performance. To address this situation, a considerable amount of research has been conducted to improve human-automation collaboration and to make automation function better as a "team player." Much of this research is based on an understanding of what it means to be a good team player from the perspective of a human team. However, the research is often based on a simplified view of human teams and teamwork. In this study, we sought to better understand the capabilities and limitations of automation from the standpoint of human teams. We first examined human teams to identify the principles for effective teamwork. We next reviewed the research on integrating automation agents and human agents into mixed agent teams to identify the limitations of automation agents to conform to teamwork principles. This research resulted in insights that can lead to more effective human-automation collaboration by enabling a more realistic set of requirements to be developed based on the strengths and limitations of all agents.

The Effects of Automation on Team Performance and Team Coordination

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Automation on Team Performance and Team Coordination by : Melanie Clay Wright

Download or read book The Effects of Automation on Team Performance and Team Coordination written by Melanie Clay Wright and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: automation, human-automation interaction, team coordination, teams, levels of automation.

Function Allocation for Humans and Automation in the Context of Team Dynamics

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)

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Book Synopsis Function Allocation for Humans and Automation in the Context of Team Dynamics by :

Download or read book Function Allocation for Humans and Automation in the Context of Team Dynamics written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within Human Factors Engineering, a decision-making process called function allocation (FA) is used during the design life cycle of complex systems to distribute the system functions, often identified through a functional requirements analysis, to all human and automated machine agents (or teammates) involved in controlling the system. Most FA methods make allocation decisions primarily by comparing the capabilities of humans and automation, but then also by considering secondary factors such as cost, regulations, and the health and safety of workers. The primary analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of humans and machines, however, is almost always considered in terms of individual human or machine capabilities. Yet, FA is fundamentally about teamwork in that the goal of the FA decision-making process is to determine what are the optimal allocations of functions among agents. Given this framing of FA, and the increasing use of and sophistication of automation, there are two related social psychological issues that current FA methods need to address more thoroughly. First, many principles for effective human teamwork are not considered as central decision points or in the iterative hypothesis and testing phase in most FA methods, when it is clear that social factors have numerous positive and negative effects on individual and team capabilities. Second, social psychological factors affecting team performance and can be difficult to translate to automated agents, and most FA methods currently do not account for this effect. The implications for these issues are discussed.

Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429857381
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems by : Mustapha Mouloua

Download or read book Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems written by Mustapha Mouloua and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-09-19 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the examination of emerging practical issues related to automated and autonomous systems. The book highlights the significance of these emergent technologies that determine the course of our daily lives. Each unique chapter highlights human factors and engineering concerns across real-world applications, including matters related to aviation and healthcare, human-robot interaction, transportation systems, cybersecurity and cyber defense. This book also depicts the boundaries that separate humans from machine as we continue to become ever more immersed in and symbiotic with these fast-emerging technologies. Automation, across many occupations, has transitioned the human to a role of monitoring machines, presenting challenges related to vigilance and workload. This book identifies the importance of an approach to automated technology that emphasizes the "human user" at the center of the design process. Features Provides perspectives on the role of the individual and teams in complex technical systems such as aviation, healthcare, and medicine Presents the development of highly autonomous systems related to human safety and performance Examines solutions to human factors challenges presented by modern threats to data privacy and cybersecurity Discusses human perceptual and cognitive capabilities underwriting to the design of automated and autonomous systems • Provides in-depth, expert reviews of context-related developments in automation and human-robot teaming Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems: Emerging Issues and Practical Perspectives applies scientific theory directly to real-world systems where automation and autonomous technology is implemented.

Driving Automation

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000851184
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Driving Automation by : Mark S. Young

Download or read book Driving Automation written by Mark S. Young and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-03-10 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technology behind self-driving cars is being heavily promulgated as the solution to a variety of transport problems including safety, congestion, and impact on the environment. This text examines the key role that human factors plays in driving forward future vehicle automation in a way that realizes the benefits while avoiding the pitfalls. Driving Automation: A Human Factors Perspective addresses a range of issues related to vehicle automation beyond the 'can we' to 'how should we'. It covers important topics including mental workload and malleable attentional resources theory, effects of automation on driver performance, in-vehicle interface design, driver monitoring, eco-driving, responses to automation failure, and human-centred automation. The text will be useful for graduate students and professionals in diverse areas such as ergonomics/human factors, automobile engineering, industrial engineering, mechanical engineering, and health and safety.

Human-Centered AI at Work: Common Ground in Theories and Methods

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832548407
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Human-Centered AI at Work: Common Ground in Theories and Methods by : Annette Kluge

Download or read book Human-Centered AI at Work: Common Ground in Theories and Methods written by Annette Kluge and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-04-26 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research can face artificial intelligence (AI) as an issue of technology development but also as an issue of enacted technology at work. Human-centered design of AI gives emphasis to the expertise and needs of human beings as a starting point of technology development or as an outcome of AI-based work settings. This is an important goal, as expressed, for example, by the international labor organization's call for a "human-centered agenda" for the future of AI and automation collaboration. This Research Topic raises the question of what human-centricity means, i.e. what are the criteria and indicators of human-centered AI and how can they be considered and implemented?

Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems, Two-Volume Set

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429857454
Total Pages : 630 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems, Two-Volume Set by : Mustapha Mouloua

Download or read book Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems, Two-Volume Set written by Mustapha Mouloua and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-12-17 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume set addresses a variety of human factors issues and engineering concerns across various real-world applications such as aviation and driving, cybersecurity, and healthcare systems. The contents of these books also present recent theories and methods related to human performance, workload and usability assessment in automated and autonomous systems. In this set, the authors discuss both current and developing topics of advanced automation technologies and present emerging practical challenges. Topics covered include unmanned aerial systems and self-driving cars, individual and team performance, human-robot interaction, and operator selection and training. Both practical and theoretical discussions of modern automated and autonomous systems are provided throughout each of the volumes. These books are suitable for those first approaching the issues to those well versed in these fast-moving areas, including students, teachers, researchers, engineers, and policy makers alike. Volume 1 - Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems: Current Theory and Methods Volume 2 - Human Performance in Automated and Autonomous Systems: Emerging Issues and Practical Perspectives

Joint Cognitive Systems

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 104006521X
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Joint Cognitive Systems by : David D. Woods

Download or read book Joint Cognitive Systems written by David D. Woods and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-03-27 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our fascination with new technologies is based on the assumption that more powerful automation will overcome human limitations and make our systems 'faster, better, cheaper,' resulting in simple, easy tasks for people. But how does new technology and more powerful automation change our work? Research in Cognitive Systems Engineering (CSE) l

Cognitive Systems Engineering

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1317164776
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Systems Engineering by : Philip J. Smith

Download or read book Cognitive Systems Engineering written by Philip J. Smith and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-10-25 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an exceptional perspective on the nature, evolution, contributions and future of the field of Cognitive Systems Engineering (CSE). It is a resource to support both the teaching and practice of CSE. It accomplishes this through its organization into two complementary approaches to the topic. The first is an historical perspective: In the retrospections of leaders of the field, what have been the seminal achievements of cognitive human factors? What are the "lessons learned" that became foundational to CSE, and how did that foundation evolve into a broader systems view of cognitive work? The second perspective is both pedagogical and future-looking: What are the major conceptual issues that have to be addressed by CSE and how can a new generation of researchers be prepared to further advance CSE? Topics include studies of expertise, cognitive work analysis, cognitive task analysis, human performance, system design, cognitive modeling, decision making, human-computer interaction, trust in automation, teamwork and ecological interface design. A thematic focus will be on systems-level analysis, and such notions as resilience engineering and systems-level measurement. The book features broad coverage of many of the domains to which CSE is being applied, among them industrial process control, health care, decision aiding and aviation human factors. The book’s contributions are provided by an extraordinary group of leaders and pathfinders in applied psychology, cognitive science, systems analysis and system design. In combination these chapters present invaluable insights, experiences and continuing uncertainties on the subject of the field of CSE, and in doing so honor the career and achievements of Professor David D. Woods of Ohio State University.

Human Factors in Simulation and Training

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000909239
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Factors in Simulation and Training by : Dennis A. Vincenzi

Download or read book Human Factors in Simulation and Training written by Dennis A. Vincenzi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-08-30 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Factors in Simulation and Training: Application and Practice covers the latest applications and practical implementations of advanced technologies in the field of simulation and training. The text focuses on descriptions and discussions of current applications and the use of the latest technological advances in simulation and training. It covers topics including space adaptation syndrome and perceptual training, simulation for battle-ready command and control, healthcare simulation and training, human factors aspects of cybersecurity training and testing, design and development of algorithms for gesture-based control of semi-autonomous vehicles, and advances in the after-action review process for defence training. The text is an ideal read for professionals and graduate students in the fields of ergonomics, human factors, computer engineering, aerospace engineering, occupational health, and safety.

Automation and Human Performance

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135146504X
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis Automation and Human Performance by : Raja Parasuraman

Download or read book Automation and Human Performance written by Raja Parasuraman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-29 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is perhaps no facet of modern society where the influence of computer automation has not been felt. Flight management systems for pilots, diagnostic and surgical aids for physicians, navigational displays for drivers, and decision-aiding systems for air-traffic controllers, represent only a few of the numerous domains in which powerful new automation technologies have been introduced. The benefits that have been reaped from this technological revolution have been many. At the same time, automation has not always worked as planned by designers, and many problems have arisen--from minor inefficiencies of operation to large-scale, catastrophic accidents. Understanding how humans interact with automation is vital for the successful design of new automated systems that are both safe and efficient. The influence of automation technology on human performance has often been investigated in a fragmentary, isolated manner, with investigators conducting disconnected studies in different domains. There has been little contact between these endeavors, although principles gleaned from one domain may have implications for another. Also, with a few exceptions, the research has tended to be empirical and only theory-driven. In recent years, however, various groups of investigators have begun to examine human performance in automated systems in general and to develop theories of human interaction with automation technology. This book presents the current theories and assesses the impact of automation on different aspects of human performance. Both basic and applied research is presented to highlight the general principles of human-computer interaction in several domains where automation technologies are widely implemented. The major premise is that a broad-based, theory-driven approach will have significant implications for the effective design of both current and future automation technologies. This volume will be of considerable value to researchers in human

Supply Network 5.0

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031220323
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis Supply Network 5.0 by : Bernardo Nicoletti

Download or read book Supply Network 5.0 written by Bernardo Nicoletti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-30 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how Industry 5.0 can be defined and implemented for Supply Chain Management and what essential characteristics it has. In outlining Supply Network 5.0, it examines how humans and machines, especially robotic process automation systems and artificial intelligence tools, will work together in the New Normal. To provide a comprehensive overview, it proposes a new conceptualization of Supply Network 5.0’s business model based on the Business Model Canvas and SCOR framework and provides a dedicated analysis of the proposed solutions and real-world implications of its implementation. Including case studies from several different sectors and including significant analysis on the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, this book will provide a cutting-edge perspective for academics and students of supply chain management, digital business and innovation.

Trust in Human-Robot Interaction

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128194731
Total Pages : 614 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Trust in Human-Robot Interaction by : Chang S. Nam

Download or read book Trust in Human-Robot Interaction written by Chang S. Nam and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-11-17 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trust in Human-Robot Interaction addresses the gamut of factors that influence trust of robotic systems. The book presents the theory, fundamentals, techniques and diverse applications of the behavioral, cognitive and neural mechanisms of trust in human-robot interaction, covering topics like individual differences, transparency, communication, physical design, privacy and ethics. Presents a repository of the open questions and challenges in trust in HRI Includes contributions from many disciplines participating in HRI research, including psychology, neuroscience, sociology, engineering and computer science Examines human information processing as a foundation for understanding HRI Details the methods and techniques used to test and quantify trust in HRI

Novel Haptic Cues for UAV Tele-Operation

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Publisher : Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
ISBN 13 : 3832535276
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Novel Haptic Cues for UAV Tele-Operation by : Samantha Alaimo

Download or read book Novel Haptic Cues for UAV Tele-Operation written by Samantha Alaimo and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Outlines three case studies: obstacle avoidance, wind gust rejection, and a combination of the two. In each case, Direct Haptic Aid (DHA) and Indirect Haptic Aid (IHA) systems are designed and compared against baseline performance with no haptic aid. This work aims to show that IHA is a valid and promising alternative to the other approaches, which fall into the DHA category.

Complex Operational Decision Making in Networked Systems of Humans and Machines

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309307703
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Complex Operational Decision Making in Networked Systems of Humans and Machines by : National Research Council

Download or read book Complex Operational Decision Making in Networked Systems of Humans and Machines written by National Research Council and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Complex Operational Decision Making in Networked Systems of Humans and Machines explores the possibilities for better decision making through collaboration between humans and computers. This study is situated around the essence of decision making; the vast amounts of data that have become available as the basis for complex decision making; and the nature of collaboration that is possible between humans and machines in the process of making complex decisions. This report discusses the research goals and relevant milestones in several enabling subfields as they relate to enhanced human-machine collaboration for complex decision making; the relevant impediments and systems-integration challenges that are preventing technological breakthroughs in these subfields; and a sense of the research that is occurring in university, government and industrial labs outside of the United States, and the implications of this research for U.S. policy. The development of human-machine collaboration for complex decision making is still in its infancy relative to where cross-disciplinary research could take it over the next generation."--Publisher's description.

Artificial Intelligence in HCI

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030777723
Total Pages : 566 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence in HCI by : Helmut Degen

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence in HCI written by Helmut Degen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-03 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in HCI, AI-HCI 2021, which was held as part of HCI International 2021 and took place virtually during July 24-29, 2021. The total of 1276 papers and 241 posters included in the 39 HCII 2021 proceedings volumes was carefully reviewed and selected from 5222 submissions. The papers included in this volume were organized in topical sections as follows: Ethics, trust and explainability; human-centered AI; AI applications in HCI; and AI applications in smart environments.