How Skeptics Do Ethics

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How Skeptics Do Ethics

Author : Aubrey Neal
Publisher : University of Calgary Press
ISBN 13 : 1552382028
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (523 download)

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Book Synopsis How Skeptics Do Ethics by : Aubrey Neal

Download or read book How Skeptics Do Ethics written by Aubrey Neal and published by University of Calgary Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enlightenment philosophers are often credited with formulating challenging theories about humankind and society, and in our postmodern age, we still live with some of the very same compelling, contentious, and often unresolved questions they posed. Aubrey Neal suggests that one such issue that still lingers today is skepticism, and in How Skeptics Do Ethics he unravels the thread of this philosophy from its origins in Enlightenment thinking down to our present age. Neal contends that, in our increasingly complicated world, we face unique moral challenges and that modern ethics has not kept pace with modern life. The traditional language of moral introspection does not translate adequately into such contexts as politics, public service, and the global economy. Referencing such luminary thinkers as Hume, Kant, Hegel, and Wittgenstein, Neal seeks to re-ignite age-old questions and challenge the meaning of traditional philosophical debates and their value for our society today.

The Moral Skeptic

Author : Anita M. Superson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199704112
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis The Moral Skeptic by : Anita M. Superson

Download or read book The Moral Skeptic written by Anita M. Superson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-13 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anita Superson challenges the traditional picture of the skeptic who asks, "Why be moral?" While holding that the skeptic's position is important, she builds an argument against it by understanding it more deeply, and then shows what it would take to successfully defeat it. Superson argues that we must defeat not only the action skeptic, but the disposition skeptic, who denies that being morally disposed is rationally required, and the motive skeptic, who believes that merely going through the motions in acting morally is rationally permissible. We also have to address the amoralist, who is not moved by moral reasons he recognizes. Superson argues for expanding the skeptic's position from self-interest to privilege to include morally unjustified behavior targeting disenfranchised social groups, as well as revising the traditional expected utility model to exclude desires deformed by patriarchy as irrational. Lastly she argues that the challenge can be answered if it can be shown that it is, in an important way, inconsistent and therefore irrational to privilege oneself over others. The Moral Skeptic makes an important contribution to both metaethics/moral theory and feminist philosophy, and brings feminist thinking into the larger discussion of the skeptical challenge.

Moral Skepticism

Author : Walter Sinnott-Armstrong
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195342062
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Skepticism by : Walter Sinnott-Armstrong

Download or read book Moral Skepticism written by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-10-19 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "All contentious moral issues - from gay marriage to abortion and affirmative action - raise difficult questions about the justification of moral beliefs. How can we be justified in holding on to our own moral beliefs while recognizing that other intelligent people feel quite differently and that many moral beliefs are distorted by self-interest and by corrupt cultures? Even when almost everyone agrees - e.g. that experimental surgery without consent is immoral - can we know that such beliefs are true? If so, how?" "These profound questions lead to fundamental issues about the nature of morality, language, metaphysics, justification, and knowledge. They also have tremendous practical importance in handling controversial moral questions in health care ethics, politics, law, and education. Walter Sinnott-Armstrong here provides an extensive overview of these difficult subjects, looking at a wide variety of questions, including: Are any moral beliefs true? Are any justified? What is justified belief? The second half of the book explores various moral theories that have grappled with these issues, such as naturalism, normativism, intuitionism, and coherentism, all of which are attempts to answer moral skepticism. Sinnott-Armstrong argues that all these approaches fail to rule out moral nihilism - the view that nothing is really morally wrong or right, bad or good. Then he develops his own novel theory, - "moderate Pyrrhonian moral skepticism"--Which concludes that some moral beliefs can be justified out of a modest contrast class but no moral beliefs can be justified out of an extreme contrast class. While explaining this original position and criticizing alternatives, Sinnott-Armstrong provides a wide-ranging survey of the epistemology of moral beliefs."--Jacket.

Skepticism in Ethics

Author : Panayot Butchvarov
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780253353214
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (532 download)

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Book Synopsis Skepticism in Ethics by : Panayot Butchvarov

Download or read book Skepticism in Ethics written by Panayot Butchvarov and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Skepticism and Moral Principles

Author : Curtis L. Carter
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 9780890440179
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Skepticism and Moral Principles by : Curtis L. Carter

Download or read book Skepticism and Moral Principles written by Curtis L. Carter and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1973 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Moral Responsibility

Author : Carlos Moya
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134194579
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (341 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Responsibility by : Carlos Moya

Download or read book Moral Responsibility written by Carlos Moya and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-09-27 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book lays out the major arguments for scepticism about moral responsibility and subjects them to sustained and penetrating critical analysis. Moral Responsibility lays out the intricate dialectic involved in these issues in a helpful and accessible way. The book goes on to suggest a way in which scepticism can be avoided, arguing that an excessive pre-eminence given to the will might lie at the root of scepticism of moral responsibility. Carlos Moya offers an alternative to scepticism, showing how a cognitive approach to moral responsibility which stresses the importance of belief would rescue our natural and centrally important faith in the reality of moral responsibility."--Jacket.

Moral Skepticism

Author : Diego E. Machuca
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9780367594237
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (942 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Skepticism by : Diego E. Machuca

Download or read book Moral Skepticism written by Diego E. Machuca and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-08-14 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moral skepticism is at present a vibrant topic of philosophical inquiry. Particularly since the turn of the millennium, the debates between moral skeptics of various stripes and their opponents have gained renewed force not only by taking account of innovative ideas in moral philosophy, but also by drawing on novel positions in epistemology, metaphysics, and philosophy of language as well as on recent findings in empirical sciences. As a result, new arguments for and against moral skepticism have been devised, while the traditional ones have been reexamined. This collection of original essays will advance the ongoing debates about various forms of moral skepticism by discussing such topics as error theory, disagreement, constructivism, non-naturalism, expressivism, fictionalism, and evolutionary debunking arguments. It will be a valuable resource for academics and advanced students working in metaethics and moral philosophy more generally.

Justice for Hedgehogs

Author : Ronald Dworkin
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674071964
Total Pages : 521 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Justice for Hedgehogs by : Ronald Dworkin

Download or read book Justice for Hedgehogs written by Ronald Dworkin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-03 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fox knows many things, the Greeks said, but the hedgehog knows one big thing. In his most comprehensive work, Ronald Dworkin argues that value in all its forms is one big thing: that what truth is, life means, morality requires, and justice demands are different aspects of the same large question. He develops original theories on a great variety of issues very rarely considered in the same book: moral skepticism, literary, artistic, and historical interpretation, free will, ancient moral theory, being good and living well, liberty, equality, and law among many other topics. What we think about any one of these must stand up, eventually, to any argument we find compelling about the rest. Skepticism in all its forms—philosophical, cynical, or post-modern—threatens that unity. The Galilean revolution once made the theological world of value safe for science. But the new republic gradually became a new empire: the modern philosophers inflated the methods of physics into a totalitarian theory of everything. They invaded and occupied all the honorifics—reality, truth, fact, ground, meaning, knowledge, and being—and dictated the terms on which other bodies of thought might aspire to them, and skepticism has been the inevitable result. We need a new revolution. We must make the world of science safe for value.

The Power of Ethics

Author : Susan Liautaud
Publisher : Simon & Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1982132191
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (821 download)

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Book Synopsis The Power of Ethics by : Susan Liautaud

Download or read book The Power of Ethics written by Susan Liautaud and published by Simon & Schuster. This book was released on 2021-01-05 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essential guide for ethical decision-making in the 21st century, The Power of Ethics depicts “ethical decision-making not in a nebulous philosophical space, but at the point where the rubber meets the road” (Michael Schur, producer and creator of The Good Place). It’s not your imagination: we’re living in a time of moral decline. Publicly, we’re bombarded with reports of government leaders acting against the welfare of their constituents; companies prioritizing profits over health, safety, and our best interests; and technology posing risks to society with few or no repercussions for those responsible. Personally, we may be conflicted about how much privacy to afford our children on the internet; how to make informed choices about our purchases and the companies we buy from; or how to handle misconduct we witness at home and at work. How do we find a way forward? Today’s ethical challenges are increasingly gray, often without a clear right or wrong solution, causing us to teeter on the edge of effective decision-making. With concentrated power structures, rapid advances in technology, and insufficient regulation to protect citizens and consumers, ethics are harder to understand than ever. But in The Power of Ethics, Susan Liautaud shows how ethics can be used to create a sea change of positive decisions that can ripple outward to our families, communities, workplaces, and the wider world—offering unprecedented opportunity for good. Drawing on two decades as an ethics advisor guiding corporations and leaders, academic institutions, nonprofit organizations, and students in her Stanford University ethics courses, Susan Liautaud provides clarity to blurry ethical questions, walking you through a straightforward, four-step process for ethical decision-making you can use every day. Liautaud also explains the six forces driving virtually every ethical choice we face. Exploring some of today’s most challenging ethics dilemmas and showing you how to develop a clear point of view, speak out with authority, make effective decisions, and contribute to a more ethical world for yourself and others, The Power of Ethics is the must-have ethics guide for the 21st century.

Skeptical Philosophy for Everyone

Author : Richard H. Popkin
Publisher : Prometheus Books
ISBN 13 : 1591028736
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Skeptical Philosophy for Everyone by : Richard H. Popkin

Download or read book Skeptical Philosophy for Everyone written by Richard H. Popkin and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 2010-06-02 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highly recommended as a first philosophy book...-Library JournalThis lucid, informal, and very accessible history of Western thought takes the unique approach of interpreting skepticism-i.e., doubts about knowledge claims and the criteria for making such claims-as an important stimulus for the development of philosophy. The authors argue that practically every great thinker from the time of the Greeks to the present has produced theories designed to forestall or refute skepticism: from Plato to Moore and Wittgenstein. The influence of and responses to such 20th-century skeptics as Russell and Derrida are also discussed critically.Popkin and Stroll review each major theory of philosophy chronologically and then further organize these theories into their respective subject areas: metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, political philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Within each subject area the authors discuss how the skeptical challenge gave rise to new philosophical positions. The volume concludes with an especially interesting debate between the authors on the merits of skepticism today. Stroll thinks that ultimately the doubts expressed by skeptics can be refuted, while Popkin denies this.This is an outstanding introduction to the problems of philosophy by two eminent philosophers with a gift for presenting the history of ideas in a very enjoyable fashion.Richard Popkin (Los Angeles, CA) is professor emeritus of philosophy at Washington University, St. Louis, and adjunct professor of history and philosophy at the University of California at Los Angeles.Avrum Stroll (San Diego, CA) is research professor of philosophy at the University of California, San Diego.

Moral Skepticism

Author : Diego E. Machuca
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131723930X
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Skepticism by : Diego E. Machuca

Download or read book Moral Skepticism written by Diego E. Machuca and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moral skepticism is at present a vibrant topic of philosophical inquiry. Particularly since the turn of the millennium, the debates between moral skeptics of various stripes and their opponents have gained renewed force not only by taking account of innovative ideas in moral philosophy, but also by drawing on novel positions in epistemology, metaphysics, and philosophy of language as well as on recent findings in empirical sciences. As a result, new arguments for and against moral skepticism have been devised, while the traditional ones have been reexamined. This collection of original essays will advance the ongoing debates about various forms of moral skepticism by discussing such topics as error theory, disagreement, constructivism, non-naturalism, expressivism, fictionalism, and evolutionary debunking arguments. It will be a valuable resource for academics and advanced students working in metaethics and moral philosophy more generally.

Between Universalism and Skepticism

Author : Michael Philips
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195086465
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Between Universalism and Skepticism by : Michael Philips

Download or read book Between Universalism and Skepticism written by Michael Philips and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: He goes on to criticize major recent attempts to develop nonuniversalist alternatives to skepticism, arguing that they rely on excessively abstract and philosophically indefensible preference satisfaction theories of the good.

Answering Moral Skepticism

Author : Shelly Kagan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197688977
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (976 download)

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Book Synopsis Answering Moral Skepticism by : Shelly Kagan

Download or read book Answering Moral Skepticism written by Shelly Kagan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-07-14 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most thoughtful people worry at one time or another about whether there can actually be such a thing as objective moral truth. They might wonder, for example, whether the prevalence of moral disagreement makes it reasonable to conclude that there aren't really any moral facts at all. Or they might be bothered by questions like these: What could objective moral facts possibly be like? Isn't it obvious that morality is simply relative to particular societies and particular times? If there were moral facts, how could we ever come to know anything about them? Can morality really have the motivating and rational force we normally take it to have? How can one possibly find a place for objective moral values in a scientific worldview? Some people are driven by questions like these to the conclusion that we should embrace skepticism about morality, denying the very existence of anything worthy of the name. In Answering Moral Skepticism, Shelly Kagan shows how those who accept the existence of objective moral truth can provide plausible answers to these questions. Focusing throughout on issues that trouble reflective individuals, Kagan provides an accessible defense of the belief in objective morality will be of interest to both students of metaethics as well as anyone worried about the objectivity of their own moral judgements.

The Moral Skeptic

Author : Anita M. Superson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195376625
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis The Moral Skeptic by : Anita M. Superson

Download or read book The Moral Skeptic written by Anita M. Superson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-13 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anita Superson challenges the traditional picture of the skeptic who asks, "Why be moral?" While holding that the skeptic's position is important, she builds an argument against it by understanding it more deeply, and then shows what it would take to successfully defeat it. Superson argues that we must defeat not only the action skeptic, but the disposition skeptic, who denies that being morally disposed is rationally required, and the motive skeptic, who believes that merely going through the motions in acting morally is rationally permissible. We also have to address the amoralist, who is not moved by moral reasons he recognizes. Superson argues for expanding the skeptic's position from self-interest to privilege to include morally unjustified behavior targeting disenfranchised social groups, as well as revising the traditional expected utility model to exclude desires deformed by patriarchy as irrational. Lastly she argues that the challenge can be answered if it can be shown that it is, in an important way, inconsistent and therefore irrational to privilege oneself over others.The Moral Skeptic makes an important contribution to both metaethics/moral theory and feminist philosophy, and brings feminist thinking into the larger discussion of the skeptical challenge.

Exploring the Illusion of Free Will and Moral Responsibility

Author : Gregg D. Caruso
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 073917732X
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring the Illusion of Free Will and Moral Responsibility by : Gregg D. Caruso

Download or read book Exploring the Illusion of Free Will and Moral Responsibility written by Gregg D. Caruso and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2013-07-05 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the Illusion of Free Will and Moral Responsibility investigates the philosophical and scientific arguments for free will skepticism and their implications. Skepticism about free will and moral responsibility has been on the rise in recent years. In fact, a significant number of philosophers, psychologists, and neuroscientists now either doubt or outright deny the existence of free will and/or moral responsibility—and the list of prominent skeptics appears to grow by the day. Given the profound importance that the concepts of free will and moral responsibility hold in our lives—in understanding ourselves, society, and the law—it is important that we explore what is behind this new wave of skepticism. It is also important that we explore the potential consequences of skepticism for ourselves and society. Edited by Gregg D. Caruso, this collection of new essays brings together an internationally recognized line-up of contributors, most of whom hold skeptical positions of some sort, to display and explore the leading arguments for free will skepticism and to debate their implications.

Nietzsche's Political Skepticism

Author : Tamsin Shaw
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691146535
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Nietzsche's Political Skepticism by : Tamsin Shaw

Download or read book Nietzsche's Political Skepticism written by Tamsin Shaw and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-21 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is difficult to spell out the precise political implications of Nietzsche's critique of morality. He himself never did so in any systematic way. Tamsin Shaw argues there is a reason for this: that Nietzsche's insights entail a distinctive form of political skepticism.

Essays in Moral Skepticism

Author : Richard Joyce
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191077100
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Essays in Moral Skepticism by : Richard Joyce

Download or read book Essays in Moral Skepticism written by Richard Joyce and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-01-28 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moral skepticism is the denial that there is any such thing as moral knowledge. Some moral skeptics deny that moral judgments are beliefs; some allow that moral judgments are beliefs but claim that they are all untrue; others claim that all moral judgments are unjustified. Since the publication of The Myth of Morality in 2001, Richard Joyce has explored the terrain of moral skepticism and, perhaps more than any other living philosopher, has been willing to advocate versions of this radical view. Joyce's attitude toward morality is analogous to an atheist's attitude toward religion: he claims that in making moral judgments speakers attempt to state truths (e.g., that breaking promises is usually wrong) but that the world simply isn't furnished with the properties and relations necessary to render such judgments true. Moral thinking, he argues, probably emerged as a human adaptation, but one whose usefulness derived from its capacity to bolster social cohesion rather than its ability to track truths about the world. This forms the basis of Joyce's 'evolutionary debunking argument,' according to which evidence that a certain kind of judgment can be explained with no reference to its truth may reveal those judgments to lack warrant. Essays in Moral Skepticism gathers together a dozen of Joyce's most significant papers from the last decade, following the developments in his ideas, presenting responses to critics, and charting his exploration of the complex landscape of modern moral skepticism.