Hitlers Blitzkrieg Enemies 1940

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Hitler’s Blitzkrieg Enemies 1940

Author : Nigel Thomas
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1782005978
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Hitler’s Blitzkrieg Enemies 1940 by : Nigel Thomas

Download or read book Hitler’s Blitzkrieg Enemies 1940 written by Nigel Thomas and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2014-02-20 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The armies of Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands and Belgium bore the first crushing impact of Hitler's mighty Blitzkrieg war machine in Western Europe, in a campaign that astonished and terrified the world. The German Wehrmacht was millions strong, equipped with the latest guns, tanks and aircraft, and had the priceless advantage of having learned the realities of modern warfare in Poland the previous September. The defenders of Scandinavia and the Low Countries were raised from small populations, and were inadequately funded, trained, equipped and armed. Their modest numbers, inexperience, and largely indefensible borders condemned them to rapid defeat. For this reason they have tended to be neglected by history – in many cases, unjustly. Vastly outnumbered – and, in the case of the neutral Low Countries, with their potential French and British allies reeling under simultaneous attacks – thousands of soldiers fought heroically in the hopeless defence of their homelands against the Nazi juggernaut.

Hitler's Monsters

Author : Eric Kurlander
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300190379
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Hitler's Monsters by : Eric Kurlander

Download or read book Hitler's Monsters written by Eric Kurlander and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-06 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A dense and scholarly book about . . . the relationship between the Nazi party and the occult . . . reveals stranger-than-fiction truths on every page.”—Daily Telegraph The Nazi fascination with the occult is legendary, yet today it is often dismissed as Himmler’s personal obsession or wildly overstated for its novelty. Preposterous though it was, however, supernatural thinking was inextricable from the Nazi project. The regime enlisted astrology and the paranormal, paganism, Indo-Aryan mythology, witchcraft, miracle weapons, and the lost kingdom of Atlantis in reimagining German politics and society and recasting German science and religion. In this eye-opening history, Eric Kurlander reveals how the Third Reich’s relationship to the supernatural was far from straightforward. Even as popular occultism and superstition were intermittently rooted out, suppressed, and outlawed, the Nazis drew upon a wide variety of occult practices and esoteric sciences to gain power, shape propaganda and policy, and pursue their dreams of racial utopia and empire. “[Kurlander] shows how swiftly irrational ideas can take hold, even in an age before social media.”—The Washington Post “Deeply researched, convincingly authenticated, this extraordinary study of the magical and supernatural at the highest levels of Nazi Germany will astonish.”—The Spectator “A trustworthy [book] on an extraordinary subject.”—The Times “A fascinating look at a little-understood aspect of fascism.”—Kirkus Reviews “Kurlander provides a careful, clear-headed, and exhaustive examination of a subject so lurid that it has probably scared away some of the serious research it merits.”—National Review

Blitzkrieg

Author : Lloyd Clark
Publisher : Grove/Atlantic, Inc.
ISBN 13 : 0802190340
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis Blitzkrieg by : Lloyd Clark

Download or read book Blitzkrieg written by Lloyd Clark and published by Grove/Atlantic, Inc.. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A “masterly account” of the juggernaut offensive that conquered France—but also marked the beginning of the end for Nazi Germany in World War II (Kirkus Reviews). In the spring of 1940, the German forces launched an attack on France that combined superb intelligence, cutting edge strategy, and new technology—the blitzkrieg, or “lightning war.” In just six weeks, it would achieve what their fathers had failed to do in all four years of the First World War. It was a stunning victory. But here, leading British military historian and academic Lloyd Clark argues that much of our understanding of this victory is based on myth. Far from being a foregone conclusion, Hitler’s plan could easily have failed had the Allies been even slightly less inept or the Germans less fortunate. The Germans recognized that success depended not only on surprise, but also avoiding a protracted struggle for which they were not prepared—making defeat a very real possibility. Their surprise victory proved the apex of their achievement; far from being undefeatable, Clark argues, the Battle of France revealed Germany and its armed forces to be highly vulnerable. And Hitler dismissed this fact as he planned his next move—and greatest blunder: the invasion of the Soviet Union. In this eye-opening reassessment, complete with maps and illustrations, Clark “presents a well-balanced narrative that highlights the knife-edge victory of the German forces” and reveals how very close the Nazi war machine came to catastrophe in the early days of World War II (New York Journal of Books).

The Blitzkrieg Legend

Author : Karl-Heinz Frieser
Publisher : Naval Institute Press
ISBN 13 : 1612513581
Total Pages : 594 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis The Blitzkrieg Legend by : Karl-Heinz Frieser

Download or read book The Blitzkrieg Legend written by Karl-Heinz Frieser and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2013-01-15 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here, for the first time in English, is an illuminating German perspective on the decisive blitzkrieg campaign. The account, written by the German historian Karl-Heinz Frieser and edited by American historian John T. Greenwood, provides the definitive explanation for Germany’s startling success and the equally surprising military collapse of France and Britain on the European continent in 1940. In a little over a month, Germany defeated the Allies in battle, a task that had not been achieved in four years of brutal fighting during World War I. First published in 1995 as the official German history of the 1940 campaign, this book goes beyond standard explanations to show that the German victory was not inevitable and that French defeat was not preordained. Contrary to most accounts of the campaign, Frieser’s illustrates that the military systems of both Germany and France were solid and that their campaign plans were sound. The key to victory or defeat, Frieser argues, was the execution of operational plans—both preplanned and ad hoc—amid the eternal Clausewitzian combat factors of friction and the fog of war. He shows why, on the eve of the campaign, the British and French leaders had good cause to be confident and why many German generals were understandably concerned that disaster was looming for them. This study explodes many of the myths concerning German blitzkrieg warfare and the planning for the 1940 campaign. Frieser’s groundbreaking interpretation of the topic has been the subject of discussion since the German edition first appeared. This English translation is published in cooperation with the Association of the United States Army.

Hitler’s Blitzkrieg Enemies 1940

Author : Nigel Thomas
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1782005986
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Hitler’s Blitzkrieg Enemies 1940 by : Nigel Thomas

Download or read book Hitler’s Blitzkrieg Enemies 1940 written by Nigel Thomas and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2014-02-20 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The armies of Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands and Belgium bore the first crushing impact of Hitler's mighty Blitzkrieg war machine in Western Europe, in a campaign that astonished and terrified the world. The German Wehrmacht was millions strong, equipped with the latest guns, tanks and aircraft, and had the priceless advantage of having learned the realities of modern warfare in Poland the previous September. The defenders of Scandinavia and the Low Countries were raised from small populations, and were inadequately funded, trained, equipped and armed. Their modest numbers, inexperience, and largely indefensible borders condemned them to rapid defeat. For this reason they have tended to be neglected by history – in many cases, unjustly. Vastly outnumbered – and, in the case of the neutral Low Countries, with their potential French and British allies reeling under simultaneous attacks – thousands of soldiers fought heroically in the hopeless defence of their homelands against the Nazi juggernaut.

Blitzkrieg

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 147284789X
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Blitzkrieg by :

Download or read book Blitzkrieg written by and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-09-02 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fascinating study of the devastating new form of warfare that redrew the map of Europe in the opening year of World War II, bringing about the military collapse and capitulation of seven modern industrialized nations. On 1 September 1939, Nazi Germany launched the invasion of Poland, employing a new type of offensive warfare: Blitzkrieg. So named by Allied observers because of the shock and rapidity of its effects, this new approach was based on speed, manoeuvrability and concentration of firepower. The strategy saw startling success as the panzer divisions, supported by Stuka dive-bombers, spread terror and mayhem, reaching Warsaw in just one week. Aided by the intervention of the Soviet Union in the east, the campaign was over in a mere 36 days. This astonishing feat was followed by Operation Weserübung, the invasion of Denmark and then Norway in 1940, the first joint air-sea-land campaign in the history of warfare. Even more striking an achievement was the swift and conclusive defeat of France during May–June 1940. Refusing to let its forces dash themselves against the fortifications of the Maginot Line, Germany instead sent its divisions through neutral Belgium and northern France in Fall Gelb ('Case Yellow'), destroying Allied resistance and pursuing the remnant of the British and French forces to Dunkirk in an audacious and devastatingly effective assault. During the course of Fall Rot ('Case Red') over the following 20 days, German forces pressed the attack and by 25 June had forced France's leaders into a humiliating capitulation. Illustrated throughout with detailed maps, artwork and contemporary photographs, Blitzkrieg: The Invasion of Poland to the Fall of France tells the story of these first breakneck attacks, examining the armed forces, leaders, technology, planning and execution in each campaign as well as the challenges faced by the Germans in the pursuit of this new and deadly form of warfare.

Enemy at the Gates

Author : Justo Miranda
Publisher : Fonthill Media
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Enemy at the Gates by : Justo Miranda

Download or read book Enemy at the Gates written by Justo Miranda and published by Fonthill Media. This book was released on 2019-12-08 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the Nazis started to threaten the world with their efficient machine of propaganda, the main concern of European governments was the overwhelming reaction of panic that the expected bombing of the Luftwaffe might cause within the civil population. During the Munich Agreement in 1938, the democracies were defended by old biplanes and a bunch of modern fighters: 50 Hurricanes, 20 Morane-405 and 5 Fokker D.XXI. France and Great Britain took up the production of USA airplanes and cancelled exports to small countries, which were forced to design and build their own PANIC FIGHTERS with the intelligence and skill that desperation provides. When nothing seemed able to contain the German advance, France, Great Britain and the USSR developed several programs of emergency fighters, as did Australia, to face the Japanese expansion. At the time the course of events switched, it was the Axis powers that had to create their own PANIC FIGHTERS, some of them suicidal. The present book includes several last resource designs of fighters that are practically unknown and that were developed in times of tribulation by Australia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Japan, Yugoslavia, Latvia, Netherland, Poland, Romania, Sweden and Switzerland.

Fall Gelb 1940 (2)

Author : Douglas C. Dildy
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472802764
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Fall Gelb 1940 (2) by : Douglas C. Dildy

Download or read book Fall Gelb 1940 (2) written by Douglas C. Dildy and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-01-20 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A highly illustrated account of the daring German assault by Heersgruppe A through Holland and Belgium in May 1940. The great blitzkrieg campaign of May/June 1940 saw German forces pour through Holland and Belgium to confront the French and British. The assault was audacious; it relied on speed, feinting and manoeuvre as much as superior force, and in the end these qualities were to prove decisive to German success. Featuring vivid illustrations, illuminative bird's eye views and maps, this book charts the unfolding of an unprecedented 'lightning war', which saw the first ever airborne assault at a strategic level, and the largest clash of armour to date. Never in the history of warfare had the clash between such large, powerful, and apparently equal forces been decided so swiftly and conclusively.

Blitzed

Author : Norman Ohler
Publisher : HarperCollins
ISBN 13 : 1328664090
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (286 download)

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Book Synopsis Blitzed by : Norman Ohler

Download or read book Blitzed written by Norman Ohler and published by HarperCollins. This book was released on 2017-03-07 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A New York Times bestseller, Norman Ohler's Blitzed is a "fascinating, engrossing, often dark history of drug use in the Third Reich” (Washington Post). The Nazi regime preached an ideology of physical, mental, and moral purity. Yet as Norman Ohler reveals in this gripping history, the Third Reich was saturated with drugs: cocaine, opiates, and, most of all, methamphetamines, which were consumed by everyone from factory workers to housewives to German soldiers. In fact, troops were encouraged, and in some cases ordered, to take rations of a form of crystal meth—the elevated energy and feelings of invincibility associated with the high even help to account for the breakneck invasion that sealed the fall of France in 1940, as well as other German military victories. Hitler himself became increasingly dependent on injections of a cocktail of drugs—ultimately including Eukodal, a cousin of heroin—administered by his personal doctor. Thoroughly researched and rivetingly readable, Blitzed throws light on a history that, until now, has remained in the shadows. “Delightfully nuts.”—The New Yorker

The Dutch Resistance 1940–45

Author : Klaas Castelein
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472847997
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dutch Resistance 1940–45 by : Klaas Castelein

Download or read book The Dutch Resistance 1940–45 written by Klaas Castelein and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2022-04-28 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes and illustrates the full range of Dutch resistance groups and German and collaborationist counter-resistance groups during the Nazi occupation in 1940-45. The Nazi occupation of the Netherlands in World War II followed a complex course, whose scope is not widely understood. It was a great deal broader and more varied than the much-reported German counter-espionage success against Dutch agents parachuted in by the Special Operations Executive. From spring 1943 onwards, three Dutch Resistance organizations gained momentum: the Order Service (OD), the Resistance Council (RVV), and the National Assault Teams (LKP). In response, the Germans raised collaborationist forces to counter the Resistance, including the much-feared Landwacht. In September 1944 the OD, RVV and LKP amalgamated into the Netherlands Interior Forces (NBS), while Allied troops began to liberate the southern provinces. This allowed NBS forces in the south to form Stoottroepen, uniformed and armed by both the British and US armies. These assisted the Allied advance, while a bloody underground struggle continued in the occupied north until final liberation in April–May 1945. Illustrated with rare photos and new colour plates, this book gives a comprehensive account of one of the lesser-known struggles of World War II.

Fall Gelb 1940 (1)

Author : Douglas C. Dildy
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1782006451
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Fall Gelb 1940 (1) by : Douglas C. Dildy

Download or read book Fall Gelb 1940 (1) written by Douglas C. Dildy and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2014-04-20 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Never in the history of warfare has the clash between such great and apparently equal forces been decided so swiftly and conclusively as the German conquest of France and the Low Countries in May and June of 1940. Not deigning to spend itself against the extensive fortifications of France's Maginot Lines, Hitler's Wehrmacht planned to advance its 136 (of 157) divisions through Belgium and northern France in order to destroy the Allied forces there and gain territory from which to prosecute continued combat operations against France and England. Beginning on 10 May 1940, this title follows the fortunes of Heeresgruppe A as its three Panzer Korps moved stealthily through the dark, hilly, and thickly forested Ardennes in southern Belgium before forcing a passage across the river Meuse and racing through France to the Channel in one of the most daring campaigns in history.

Holland 1940

Author : Ryan K. Noppen
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472846699
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Holland 1940 by : Ryan K. Noppen

Download or read book Holland 1940 written by Ryan K. Noppen and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-09-16 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The German invasion of the Netherlands was meant to be a lightning-fast surgical strike, aimed at shoring up the right flank of the assault on France and Belgium. With a bold plan based largely on Luftwaffe air power, air-landing troops, and the biggest airborne assault yet seen, a Dutch surrender was expected within 24 hours. But the Netherlands possessed Europe's first fully integrated anti-aircraft network, as well as modern and competitive aircraft. On 10 May, the German attack was only partly successful, and the Dutch fought on for another four days. On the fifth day, with its original strategy having largely failed, the Luftwaffe resorted to terror-bombing Rotterdam to force a surrender. Explaining the technical capabilities and campaign plans of the two sides, and charting how the battles were fought, this fascinating book reassesses this little-known part of World War II. Author Ryan K. Noppen argues that while the Holland campaign was a tactical victory for Germany, the ability of the well-prepared but outnumbered Dutch to inflict heavy losses was a warning of what would come in the Battle of Britain.

German Infantryman vs British Infantryman

Author : David Greentree
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472812417
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis German Infantryman vs British Infantryman by : David Greentree

Download or read book German Infantryman vs British Infantryman written by David Greentree and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-10-20 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Hitler's forces poured into France and the Low Countries in 1940, the uneasy peace of the 'Phoney War' was shattered, and Europe was ripped apart by another Blitzkrieg. Forming the backbone of the German advance were the well-equipped Schützen (Rifles), motorized infantry who embodied the essence of the fluid, swift warfare that had characterized World War II thus far. Facing them were infantrymen of the British Expeditionary Force, units of considerable fighting quality who had nevertheless received no special training to conduct combined-arms warfare in conjunction with armour. This study investigates the combat between the two adversaries at small-unit level, recreating the ferocity of the fighting on the front lines of the Battle of France in three key clashes at Arras, Calais and Merville. Assessing the training, organization and unit ethos of both sides in the context of a new type of mobile warfare, David Greentree reveals the extraordinary difficulties encountered by infantry units in trying to remain in contact with their armoured and mechanized formations.

Belgian Waffen-SS Legions & Brigades, 1941–1944

Author : Massimiliano Afiero
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472844327
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Belgian Waffen-SS Legions & Brigades, 1941–1944 by : Massimiliano Afiero

Download or read book Belgian Waffen-SS Legions & Brigades, 1941–1944 written by Massimiliano Afiero and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-05-27 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the German occupation of Belgium in May 1940, Flemish recruits from northern Belgium – considered by the Nazis to be 'Germanic' – were accepted individually into Waffen-SS units. From Hitler's invasion of the USSR in June 1941, additional recruits from the French-speaking south (Wallonia) were drafted. Both communities formed volunteer 'Legions', to fight (according to Goebbels' propaganda machine) 'for European civilization against the Bolshevik threat'; these were a Flemish Legion in the Waffen-SS and a Walloon Legion in the German Army. Both served on the Russian Front in 1942-43; the Walloon Legion was then also transferred into the Waffen-SS, and the decorated Walloon officer Leon Degrelle became a publicized 'poster boy' for foreign SS volunteers. Both Legions were then redesignated as SS Assault Brigades, and thereafter saw extremely hard fighting in the Ukraine and on the Baltic front. In autumn 1944, their survivors were withdrawn from the front and incorporated into two new understrength SS Divisions, 27. 'Langemarck' and 28. 'Wallonien'. This new account, featuring detailed colour plates of uniform and insignia, recounts the battle history of the French and Flemish-speaking Belgian SS, up to their final transformation into full divisions in the winter of 1944/45.

World War II Battle by Battle

Author : Nikolai Bogdanovic
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472835549
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis World War II Battle by Battle by : Nikolai Bogdanovic

Download or read book World War II Battle by Battle written by Nikolai Bogdanovic and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2019-03-21 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compact gift book takes thirty of World War II's most significant clashes, both the famous and the lesser known, and presents their stories in a concise, easy to digest format, accompanied by beautiful Osprey artwork plates in full colour that illuminate a key moment in each battle. World War II was the single greatest conflict the world has ever known, fought in theatres all around the globe, and many of its battles – Stalingrad, Monte Cassino, the Battle of Britain – are household names. While the Western Front in Europe is often what first comes to mind, bitter and bloody battles were also fought in Eastern Europe, Africa, Asia and the Pacific, on land, at sea, and in the air, and their many stories help illuminate both the scale and the varying character of the conflict.

Bolt Action: Germany Strikes!

Author : Warlord Games
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472813626
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Bolt Action: Germany Strikes! by : Warlord Games

Download or read book Bolt Action: Germany Strikes! written by Warlord Games and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-07-20 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1939, Germany shattered the peace of Europe with a lightning-fast strike against Poland. The next year, it captured Denmark and Norway, before launching its famous Blitzkrieg against France, Belgium and The Netherlands. In less than two years of fighting, Nazi Germany became the master of mainland Europe. This new Theatre Book for Bolt Action allows players to command armies of German tanks driving across the continent or to lead the desperate defense of the outgunned Allied armies. New scenarios, special rules and units give players everything they need to recreate the devastating battles and campaigns of the early war in Europe, including the fall of Poland, the breaking of the Maginot Line and the dramatic retreat to Dunkirk.

How Churchill Waged War

Author : Allen Packwood
Publisher : Grub Street Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1473893917
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (738 download)

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Book Synopsis How Churchill Waged War by : Allen Packwood

Download or read book How Churchill Waged War written by Allen Packwood and published by Grub Street Publishers. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analytical investigation into Prime Minister Winston Churchill’s decision-making process during every stage of World War II. When Winston Churchill accepted the position of Prime Minister in May 1940, he insisted in also becoming Minister of Defence. This, though, meant that he alone would be responsible for the success or failure of Britain’s war effort. It also meant that he would be faced with many monumental challenges and utterly crucial decisions upon which the fate of Britain and the free world rested. With the limited resources available to the UK, Churchill had to pinpoint where his country’s priorities lay. He had to respond to the collapse of France, decide if Britain should adopt a defensive or offensive strategy, choose if Egypt and the war in North Africa should take precedence over Singapore and the UK’s empire in the East, determine how much support to give the Soviet Union, and how much power to give the United States in controlling the direction of the war. In this insightful investigation into Churchill’s conduct during the Second World War, Allen Packwood, BA, MPhil (Cantab), FRHistS, the Director of the Churchill Archives Centre, enables the reader to share the agonies and uncertainties faced by Churchill at each crucial stage of the war. How Churchill responded to each challenge is analyzed in great detail and the conclusions Packwood draws are as uncompromising as those made by Britain’s wartime leader as he negotiated his country through its darkest days.