History Of Western Philosophy From A Perspective Of Quantum Theory

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History of Western Philosophy from a Perspective of Quantum Theory

Author : Shiro ISHIKAWA
Publisher : Shiho-Shuppan Publisher
ISBN 13 : 490762557X
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis History of Western Philosophy from a Perspective of Quantum Theory by : Shiro ISHIKAWA

Download or read book History of Western Philosophy from a Perspective of Quantum Theory written by Shiro ISHIKAWA and published by Shiho-Shuppan Publisher. This book was released on 2023-05-22 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently I proposed Quantum Language (QL) as a language of (dualistic and idealistic) science, which is also characterized as a linguistic turn of quantum mechanics. QL has two subclasses, non-commutative QL and commutative QL. They are applicable to quantum systems and to classical systems, respectively. QL is composed of Axiom 1 (measurement), Axiom 2 (causality), and the linguistic Copenhagen interpretation. This theory has a stronger descriptive power than (quantum) mechanics and statistics. Axioms 1 and 2 are usual since they are operator algebraic generalizations of quantum mechanics. On the other hand, the part of “linguistic Copenhagen interpretation” is not usual. This is defined by “a rule for drawing a line between science and pseudoscience”. For example, the Popper's falsifiability is one of the rules of the linguistic Copenhagen interpretation. Other examples are: 1) “There exists only `one', and not `many'.” (due to Parmenides) -> “Measurement can only be done once”, “A state does not move.” 2)“There is no motion.”(due to Parmenides) -> “A state does not move.” 3) “There is only the present.” ( due to Augustinus) -> “There is no tense.” 4) “To be is to be perceived.” (due to Berkely) -> “Nothing can be said without measurement.” ... It is surprising that philosophers who did not know quantum mechanics approached the Copenhagen interpretation as described above. Thus, I consider that the Copenhagen Interpretation is not attached to quantum mechanics, but to quantum language. I will show that QL is a scientific perfection of dualistic idealism in Western philosophy. In fact, the following unsolved problems in Western philosophy can be solved only by QL, not by statistics. * Zeno paradoxes, the problem of universals, Descartes problem (=mind-body problem + subjectivity problem), the Leibniz-Clarke space-time correspondence, Hume's problem of induction, the Grue paradox, From Kantian synthesis to QL-synthesis, the brain in a vat, Hempel's flagpole problem, the black raven problem, Wittgenstein's problem “ Why does logic work in our world?”, etc. The most fundamental theories in modern science are commonly said to be the three: theory of relativity, quantum mechanics, and statistics. However, as this book will show, commutative QL is more powerful and beautiful than statistics. Therefore, I would replace the above three by “ theory of relativity, quantum mechanics, and commutative QL”.

Nature Loves to Hide

Author : Shimon Malin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198031785
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Nature Loves to Hide by : Shimon Malin

Download or read book Nature Loves to Hide written by Shimon Malin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-05-08 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The strangeness of modern physics has sparked several popular books--such as The Tao of Physics--that explore its affinity with Eastern mysticism. But the founders of quantum mechanics were educated in the classical traditions of Western civilization and Western philosophy. In Nature Loves to Hide, physicist Shimon Malin takes readers on a fascinating tour of quantum theory--one that turns to Western philosophical thought to clarify this strange yet inescapable explanation of reality. Malin translates quantum mechanics into plain English, explaining its origins and workings against the backdrop of the famous debate between Niels Bohr and the skeptical Albert Einstein. Then he moves on to build a philosophical framework that can account for the quantum nature of reality. He shows, for instance, how Platonic and Neoplatonic thought resonates with quantum theory. He draws out the linkage between the concepts of Neoplatonism and the more recent process philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead. The universe, Whitehead wrote, is an organic whole, composed not of lifeless objects, but "elementary experiences." Beginning with Whitehead's insight, Malin shows how this concept of "throbs of experience" expresses quantum reality, with its subatomic uncertainties, its constituents that are waves and also particles, its emphasis on acts of measurement. Once any educated person could explain the universe as a vast Newtonian web of cause and effect, but since quantum theory, reality again appears to be richer and more mysterious than we had thought. Writing with broad humanistic insight and deep knowledge of science, and using delightful conversations with fictional astronauts Peter and Julie to explain more difficult concepts, Shimon Malin offers a profound new understanding of the nature of reality--one that shows a deep continuity with aspects of our Western philosophical tradition going back 2500 years, and that feels more deeply satisfying, and truer, than the clockwork universe of Newton.

On Physics and Philosophy

Author : Bernard d'Espagnat
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069124023X
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis On Physics and Philosophy by : Bernard d'Espagnat

Download or read book On Physics and Philosophy written by Bernard d'Espagnat and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-07 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the great ironies of quantum mechanics is not only that its conceptual foundations seem strange even to the physicists who use it, but that philosophers have largely ignored it. Here, Bernard d'Espagnat argues that quantum physics--by casting doubts on once hallowed concepts such as space, material objects, and causality-demands serious reconsideration of most of traditional philosophy. On Physics and Philosophy is an accessible, mathematics-free reflection on the philosophical meaning of the quantum revolution, by one of the world's leading authorities on the subject. D'Espagnat presents an objective account of the main guiding principles of contemporary physics-in particular, quantum mechanics-followed by a look at just what consequences these should imply for philosophical thinking. The author begins by describing recent discoveries in quantum physics such as nonseparability, and explicating the significance of contemporary developments such as decoherence. Then he proceeds to set various philosophical theories of knowledge--such as materialism, realism, Kantism, and neo-Kantism--against the conceptual problems quantum theory raises. His overall conclusion is that while the physical implications of quantum theory suggest that scientific knowledge will never truly describe mind-independent reality, the notion of such an ultimate reality--one we can never access directly or rationally and which he calls "veiled reality"--remains conceptually necessary nonetheless.

Linguistic Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Theory

Author : Shiro ISHIKAWA
Publisher : Shiho-Shuppan Publisher
ISBN 13 : 4907625669
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Linguistic Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Theory by : Shiro ISHIKAWA

Download or read book Linguistic Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Theory written by Shiro ISHIKAWA and published by Shiho-Shuppan Publisher. This book was released on 2023-11-15 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various interpretations of quantum mechanics have been proposed such as the Copenhagen interpretation and the many-worlds interpretation. The linguistic Copenhagen interpretation in this book is a kind of the Copenhagen interpretation derived from von Neumann's formulation of quantum mechanics on Hilbert spaces. Von Neumann had the widest coverage of any mathematician of his time, integrating pure and applied sciences and making major contributions to many fields, including mathematics, physics, economics, computing, and statistics. He was not a genius who specialised only in mathematics and physics, but an all-round genius. From this fact we are tempted to expect the following. (#1) the quantum theory generated from the linguistic Copenhagen interpretation called Quantum Language (QL) is a very large theory that includes not only quantum mechanics of physics but also classical statistics. More generally we may say (#2) QL is the scientific realisation of the dualistic idealism of philosophy. In this book I devote myself to proving (#1). QL consists of two axioms (measurement and causality) and the linguistic Copenhagen interpretation. I first prove von Neumann-Lüders projection postulate in QL. This is a solution in QL, and it is undecided whether it is a physical solution, but the theorem allows QL to be discussed without being interfered by various paradoxes (e.g., Schrödinger's cat, etc.). Also, recall that there are no axioms in statistics. This means that we do not yet have 'theoretical statistics'. However, if we consider that QL for classical systems = theoretical statistics, we can then introduce an elegant understanding into statistics. In most books of statistics, Fisher's maximum likelihood method is not given a due treatment. From the quantum linguistic point of view, the most basic arguments are Fisher's maximum likelihood method and regression analysis. They are strongly linked to the measurement and causality axioms, respectively. As modern statistics continues to develop rapidly in the direction of application now, it is essential to take an overview of statistics as a whole under an umbrella of theoretical statistics. For (#2), refer to my previous book (i.e., History of Western Philosophy from a perspective of quantum theory- Introduction to theory of everyday science– Shiho-Shuppan Publisher, 425 p. (2023)). Throughout this book as wall as the one above, I assert that von Neumann's formulation of quantum mechanics should not be confined in physics, but should be regarded as a fundamental theory of science.

The Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics

Author : Max Jammer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics by : Max Jammer

Download or read book The Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics written by Max Jammer and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nature Loves to Hide

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9814462888
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis Nature Loves to Hide by :

Download or read book Nature Loves to Hide written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Perspectives on Quantum Reality

Author : R.K. Clifton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940158656X
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Perspectives on Quantum Reality by : R.K. Clifton

Download or read book Perspectives on Quantum Reality written by R.K. Clifton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: But to admit things not visible to the gross creatures that we are is, in my opinion, to show a decent humility, and not just a lamentable addiction to metaphysics. J. S. Bell, Are There Quantum Jumps? ON CANADIAN THANKSGIVING WEEKEND in the autumn of 1994, a lively conference was held at The University of Western Ontario under the title "Conceptual Problems of Relativistic Quantum Mechanics". Most of the eighteen papers in this volume are directly connected with that conference. Articles by both theoretical physicists and philosophers of science are included, and many authors will be recognized immediately for their already substantive work in the foundations of physics. A quarter century ago Howard Stein suggested that relativistic quantum field theory should be 'the contemporary locus of metaphysical research', but there were few takers. Only fairly recently has that changed, with the result that the bulk of the papers here pursue issues that go beyond nonrelativistic quantum mechanics (or at least have serious implications for its relativistic generalization). Nevertheless, problems interpreting the nonrelativistic theory remain a persistent thorn in the side of any such endeavor, and so some of the papers develop innovative approaches to those issues as well.

The Physics and Philosophy of the Bible

Author : James Frederick Ivey, MD
Publisher : Inspiring Voices
ISBN 13 : 1491710993
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (917 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physics and Philosophy of the Bible by : James Frederick Ivey, MD

Download or read book The Physics and Philosophy of the Bible written by James Frederick Ivey, MD and published by Inspiring Voices. This book was released on 2014-02 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the fundamental, profound, and comprehensive principle of "things are not as they seem," The Physics and Philosophy of the Bible establishes a paradigm that reattaches philosophy to physics, bringing it back whence it came while adding theology to the mix. Author James Frederick Ivey, MD, shows that this mind-set together with timeless thinking can lead one to new horizons of novel thinking about ultimate truth and truths.Ivey describes how modern physics, relativity, and quantum mechanics have revolutionized thinking about the likelihood of the existence of God and how the philosophies of Socrates and Plato meld nearly seamlessly with belief in a single deity and even with Judeo-Christianity.Through a variety of examples, thoughts from a diversity of authors and thinkers, and scriptural support, this study discusses Christian philosophy and apologetics, turning on a few fascinating concepts such as that of quantum observation in conjunction with God's method of creation and the derivation of God from all-goodness. It demonstrates that apologists are close to eliminating the necessity of having to deal with whether God exists or not.

Quantum Reality, Relativistic Causality, and Closing the Epistemic Circle

Author : Wayne C. Myrvold
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402091079
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantum Reality, Relativistic Causality, and Closing the Epistemic Circle by : Wayne C. Myrvold

Download or read book Quantum Reality, Relativistic Causality, and Closing the Epistemic Circle written by Wayne C. Myrvold and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-29 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In July 2006, a major international conference was held at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Canada, to celebrate the career and work of a remarkable man of letters. Abner Shimony, who is well known for his pioneering contributions to foundations of quantum mechanics, is a physicist as well as a philosopher, and is highly respected among the intellectuals of both communities. In line with Shimony’s conviction that philosophical investigation is not to be divorced from theoretical and empirical work in the sciences, the conference brought together leading theoretical physicists, experimentalists, as well as philosophers. This book collects twenty-three original essays stemming from the conference, on topics including history and methodology of science, Bell's theorem, probability theory, the uncertainty principle, stochastic modifications of quantum mechanics, and relativity theory. It ends with a transcript of a fascinating discussion between Lee Smolin and Shimony, ranging over the entire spectrum of Shimony's wide-ranging contributions to philosophy, science, and philosophy of science.

Reading Bohr: Physics and Philosophy

Author : Arkady Plotnitsky
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789048110445
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Reading Bohr: Physics and Philosophy by : Arkady Plotnitsky

Download or read book Reading Bohr: Physics and Philosophy written by Arkady Plotnitsky and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-09-03 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a new perspective on Niels Bohr's interpretation of quantum mechanics as complementarity, and on the relationships between physics and philosophy in Bohr's work. The importance of quantum field theory for Bohr's thinking has not been adequately addressed in the literature on Bohr. This book provides clarification of Bohr's writings (which usually pose problems of reading), and an analysis of the role of quantum field theory in Bohr's thinking.

Quantum Physics Meets the Philosophy of Mind

Author : Antonella Corradini
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110351064
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantum Physics Meets the Philosophy of Mind by : Antonella Corradini

Download or read book Quantum Physics Meets the Philosophy of Mind written by Antonella Corradini and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2014-08-19 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum physics, in contrast to classical physics, allows non-locality and indeterminism in nature. Moreover, the role of the observer seems indispensable in quantum physics. In fact, quantum physics, unlike classical physics, suggests a metaphysics that is not physicalism (which is today’s official metaphysical doctrine). As is well known, physicalism implies a reductive position in the philosophy of mind, specifically in its two core areas, the philosophy of consciousness and the philosophy of action. Quantum physics, in contrast, is compatible with psychological non-reductionism, and actually seems to support it. The essays in this book explore, from various points of view, the possibilities of basing a non-reductive philosophy of mind on quantum physics. In doing so, they not only engage with the ontological and epistemological aspects of the question but also with the neurophysiological ones.

Philosophy of Physics

Author : Tim Maudlin
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691190674
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy of Physics by : Tim Maudlin

Download or read book Philosophy of Physics written by Tim Maudlin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-19 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A sophisticated and original introduction to the philosophy of quantum mechanics from one of the world’s leading philosophers of physics In this book, Tim Maudlin, one of the world’s leading philosophers of physics, offers a sophisticated, original introduction to the philosophy of quantum mechanics. The briefest, clearest, and most refined account of his influential approach to the subject, the book will be invaluable to all students of philosophy and physics. Quantum mechanics holds a unique place in the history of physics. It has produced the most accurate predictions of any scientific theory, but, more astonishing, there has never been any agreement about what the theory implies about physical reality. Maudlin argues that the very term “quantum theory” is a misnomer. A proper physical theory should clearly describe what is there and what it does—yet standard textbooks present quantum mechanics as a predictive recipe in search of a physical theory. In contrast, Maudlin explores three proper theories that recover the quantum predictions: the indeterministic wavefunction collapse theory of Ghirardi, Rimini, and Weber; the deterministic particle theory of deBroglie and Bohm; and the conceptually challenging Many Worlds theory of Everett. Each offers a radically different proposal for the nature of physical reality, but Maudlin shows that none of them are what they are generally taken to be.

The Quantum World

Author : Bernard d'Espagnat
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319554204
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis The Quantum World by : Bernard d'Espagnat

Download or read book The Quantum World written by Bernard d'Espagnat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this largely nontechnical book, eminent physicists and philosophers address the philosophical impact of recent advances in quantum physics. These are shown to shed new light on profound questions about realism, determinism, causality or locality. The participants contribute in the spirit of an open and honest discussion, reminiscent of the time when science and philosophy were inseparable. After the editors’ introduction, the next chapter reveals the strangeness of quantum mechanics and the subsequent discussions examine our notion of reality. The spotlight is then turned to the topic of decoherence. Bohm’s theory is critically examined in two chapters, and the relational interpretation of quantum mechanics is likewise described and discussed. The penultimate chapter presents a proposal for resolving the measurement problem, and finally the topic of loop quantum gravity is presented by one of its founding fathers, Carlo Rovelli. The original presentations and discussions on which this volume is based took place under the auspices of the French “Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques”. The book will appeal to everybody interested in knowing how our description of the world is impacted by the results of the most powerful and successful theory that physicists have ever built.

The Quantum Revolution in Philosophy

Author : Richard Healey
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019871405X
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Quantum Revolution in Philosophy by : Richard Healey

Download or read book The Quantum Revolution in Philosophy written by Richard Healey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum theory launched a revolution in physics. But we have yet to understand the revolution's significance for philosophy. Richard Healey opens a path to such understanding. The first part of this book offers a self-contained but opinionated introduction to quantum theory. The second part assesses the theory's philosophical significance.

Eurasian Philosophy and Quantum Metaphysics

Author : Juan Valdez
Publisher : Dorrance Publishing
ISBN 13 : 148099698X
Total Pages : 918 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Eurasian Philosophy and Quantum Metaphysics by : Juan Valdez

Download or read book Eurasian Philosophy and Quantum Metaphysics written by Juan Valdez and published by Dorrance Publishing. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 918 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eurasian Philosophy and Quantum Metaphysics (Theology Reconsidered) By: Juan Valdez The science of our modern age is able to neither address nor solve our current global problems. Author Juan Valdez believes we should study humanity’s ancient wisdom and philosophy texts to develop a new intellectual paradigm that can respond and support our current needs. Eurasian Philosophy and Quantum Metaphysics (Theology Reconsidered) is an in-depth study of the origins and meanings of ancient philosophies before they were fractured into mythology and religions and attacked by modern science. Beginning with creation mythology in Eurasia through the development of philosophical thought, to the Scientific Revolution to our own modern Quantum Era, the progression – and abandonment – of ancient wisdom is carefully studied. Valdez reviews and analyzes the ancient texts themselves to understand what they truly say and not what later historians have said about them. The Indo-Aryan Vedas, the Torah, Rene Descartes’ Discourse on the Method and Principles of Philosophy, Neils Bohr’s Atomic Theory, and more, are all respectfully and critically assessed. As enlightened as we may consider ourselves, Valdez calls attention to how limited modern thought has become. By reviewing past wisdom, we can not only rediscover the roots of modern thought but place Wisdom itself at the top of intellectual pursuits. Eurasian Philosophy and Quantum Metaphysics (Theology Reconsidered) is a rich and nuanced study on how humanity has thought of itself.

The Quantum Nietzsche

Author : William Plank
Publisher : iUniverse
ISBN 13 : 0595209521
Total Pages : 558 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (952 download)

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Book Synopsis The Quantum Nietzsche by : William Plank

Download or read book The Quantum Nietzsche written by William Plank and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 1998 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Friedrich Nietzsche, a 19th century German philosopher, conceived of the universe as a living thing and a partner with humanity. He was able to do this, especially by a complete rejection of Plato's philosophy. Similar ideas will not crop up until the major thinkers in quantum mechanics in the 20th century: John Bell and his laboratory apparatus demonstrating "Bell's Inequality," and in the "beables" and "beers" of David Bohm. By using the ideas of Nietzsche, one can see the uses and misuses of Greek philosophy, especially in the paintings of the Northern Renaissance vs the Italian Renaissance; in Rabelais and the Italian Renaissance; and in Romanticism in general. Nietzsche's work likewise provides a critical point of view to reevaluate the work of William Blake, Pieter Bruegel,Hegel, Luther, Denis Diderot, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Jacques Derrida, Michel Serres, Gilles Deleuze, many of whom were reacting against Platonism without realizing it. Nietzsche puts man at home in the universe in a way no other philosopher has ever done, thus discounting the bleak views of Camus and Sartre and giving a completely new view of existentialism and Christianity. The author gives evidence that most thinkers have completely misunderstood Nietzsche or have not admitted their debt to him.

Quantum Mechanics - a Philosophical Perspective

Author : Don Hainesworth
Publisher : AuthorHouse
ISBN 13 : 1728325587
Total Pages : 784 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (283 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantum Mechanics - a Philosophical Perspective by : Don Hainesworth

Download or read book Quantum Mechanics - a Philosophical Perspective written by Don Hainesworth and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a comprehensive treatment on the historical discoveries and scientific developments concerning the Universe at the atomic and subatomic levels. Discussions begin with classical discoveries on the behavior of the atom to Quantum Mechanics and ends with exciting modern discoveries that are leading us to unlocking the hidden mysteries of reality. “Quantum mechanics describes the behavior of very small objects – the size of atoms or smaller – and it provides the only understanding of the world of the very small. In the world of quantum mechanics, the laws of physics that are familiar from the everyday world no longer work. Instead, events are governed by probabilities. During the time of Newton, it was thought that the Universe ran like clockwork, wound up and set in motion by the Creator, down some utterly predictable path. Newton’s classical mechanics provided plenty of support for this deterministic view of the Universe, a picture that left little place for human free will or chance. Could it really be that we are all puppets following our own preset tracks through life, with no real choice at all? Most scientists were content to let the philosophers debate that question. But it returned, with full force, at the heart of the new physics of the twentieth century.” In Search Of Schrodinger’s Cat – John Gribbin In addition, the various interpretations of quantum phenomena has led scientists and philosophers to a real possibility of finding a connection between matter and consciousness. This book contains no advanced scientific concepts, and no complicated formulas are written down for analysis. However, it does present some simple mathematical related examples in the final chapter. This is presented in order to reinforce the important ideas in QM and maintain a clear understanding of its fundamentals. It is not assumed that the reader has an understanding of Quantum Physics. Therefore the text provides the reader with enough historical and scientific information to insure his or her confidence in understanding the properties and behavior of quantum particle/wave elements.