Chemical and Biological Terrorism

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309523141
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical and Biological Terrorism by : Committee on R&D Needs for Improving Civilian Medical Response to Chemical and Biological Terrorism Incidents

Download or read book Chemical and Biological Terrorism written by Committee on R&D Needs for Improving Civilian Medical Response to Chemical and Biological Terrorism Incidents and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-02-26 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The threat of domestic terrorism today looms larger than ever. Bombings at the World Trade Center and Oklahoma City's Federal Building, as well as nerve gas attacks in Japan, have made it tragically obvious that American civilians must be ready for terrorist attacks. What do we need to know to help emergency and medical personnel prepare for these attacks? Chemical and Biological Terrorism identifies the R&D efforts needed to implement recommendations in key areas: pre-incident intelligence, detection and identification of chemical and biological agents, protective clothing and equipment, early recognition that a population has been covertly exposed to a pathogen, mass casualty decontamination and triage, use of vaccines and pharmaceuticals, and the psychological effects of terror. Specific objectives for computer software development are also identified. The book addresses the differences between a biological and chemical attack, the distinct challenges to the military and civilian medical communities, and other broader issues. This book will be of critical interest to anyone involved in civilian preparedness for terrorist attack: planners, administrators, responders, medical professionals, public health and emergency personnel, and technology designers and engineers.

High-Threat Biological Agents

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis High-Threat Biological Agents by :

Download or read book High-Threat Biological Agents written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anthrax mailings in 2001, which culminated in 5 deaths, 22 infections, and contamination of both postal and congressional buildings, intensified concerns about terrorist use of biological agents. This event increased Congressional interest in actions to limit the vulnerability of the United States to such attacks. High-threat biological agents, defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as Category A pathogens, are considered relatively easy to disseminate, have high mortality, and have the potential for major public health impacts. High-threat biological agents cause different symptoms in their victims, depending on the pathogen. Since the nature of these agents differs, no single treatment can be given in the case of a biological attack. As a result, treatment of the victims of a biological attack, especially one which is covert, may be difficult. The identification process for many pathogens may be complicated by their incubation period, and the lack of distinct symptoms early in the disease's progress. The difficulties in treating the various high-threat agents may place strain on the resources of the medical system, especially in the case of mass casualties. Protection from biological agents is an area of active research and development. The range of protection and detection equipment available to first responders has led to questions regarding equipment standardization and state and local preparedness. Development and distribution of vaccines continues to be a contentious issue. Attempts to detect biological releases using sensor technologies, or through analyzing public health data, continue to be implemented, but these technologies are in relatively early stages of development. It is unclear whether terrorist groups are capable of effectively using biological agents as weapons of mass destruction, but the relatively small amounts of pathogen that may be needed to execute a significant attack is a source of concern. Some suggest that terrorist interest in biological agents is increasing. However, others assert that technical difficulties would make mass casualty attacks unlikely. Current policies seek to reduce the proliferation of biological weapons by relying on both domestic and international controls, to increase the number of countermeasures available against such pathogens through research and development activities, to improve the nation's ability to detect pathogen releases, and to increase the ability of hospitals and care providers to treat mass casualties. Policymakers may be called upon to further address potential biological terrorism vulnerabilities, including overseeing the use of atmospheric monitoring equipment for pathogen detection; the direction of continued research and development into biological agent detectors; review of further research into protective equipment, prophylaxis and treatment against high-threat pathogens; and assessment of first responder emergency preparedness. This report will be updated as events warrant.

Handbook on Biological Warfare Preparedness

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Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 012812055X
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook on Biological Warfare Preparedness by : S.J.S. Flora

Download or read book Handbook on Biological Warfare Preparedness written by S.J.S. Flora and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-10-05 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook on Biological Warfare Preparedness provides detailed information on biological warfare agents and their mode of transmission and spread. In addition, it explains methods of detection and medical countermeasures, including vaccine and post-exposure therapeutics, with specific sections detailing diseases, their transmission, clinical signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, vaccines, prevention and management. This book is useful reading for researchers and advanced students in toxicology, but it will also prove helpful for medical students, civil administration, medical doctors, first responders and security forces. As the highly unpredictable nature of any event involving biological warfare agents has given rise to the need for the rapid development of accurate detection systems, this book is a timely resource on the topic. Introduces different bacterial and viral agents, including Ebola and other emerging threats and toxins Discusses medical countermeasures, including vaccines and post-exposure therapeutics Includes a comprehensive review of current methods of detection

Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309465184
Total Pages : 189 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-05 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific advances over the past several decades have accelerated the ability to engineer existing organisms and to potentially create novel ones not found in nature. Synthetic biology, which collectively refers to concepts, approaches, and tools that enable the modification or creation of biological organisms, is being pursued overwhelmingly for beneficial purposes ranging from reducing the burden of disease to improving agricultural yields to remediating pollution. Although the contributions synthetic biology can make in these and other areas hold great promise, it is also possible to imagine malicious uses that could threaten U.S. citizens and military personnel. Making informed decisions about how to address such concerns requires a realistic assessment of the capabilities that could be misused. Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology explores and envisions potential misuses of synthetic biology. This report develops a framework to guide an assessment of the security concerns related to advances in synthetic biology, assesses the levels of concern warranted for such advances, and identifies options that could help mitigate those concerns.

Biological Weapons

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118830598
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Weapons by : Kristy Young Johnson

Download or read book Biological Weapons written by Kristy Young Johnson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-05-02 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gives readers a detailed understanding of how specific biological weapons work and how those affected by the weapons would be treated Teaches the reader to recognize the symptoms of each biological weapon and understand the threat these weapons pose Concentrates on the weapons considered the greatest threats by the CDC such as Anthrax, Botulism, Smallpox, Ricin toxin, Ebola, Plague, and Viral encephalitis Provides a detailed understanding of how specific biological weapons work and how to recognize the symptoms of those affected by the weapons as well as how they would be treated Includes case studies, chapter review questions, and the instructor’s supplemental materials include PowerPoint presentations, a Test Bank, and suggestions for student projects Begins with a primer on microbiology, the human immune system’s response to these biological agents, and the defense agencies involved with protecting the public against these agents

High-threat Biological Agents

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis High-threat Biological Agents by : Dana A. Shea

Download or read book High-threat Biological Agents written by Dana A. Shea and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Biological Weapons

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262621281
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (212 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Weapons by : Joshua Lederberg

Download or read book Biological Weapons written by Joshua Lederberg and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: foreword by William S. Cohen, U.S. Secretary of Defense Biological weapons pose a horrifying and growing threat to the United States and to the world in general. Revelations about Iraq's weapons research and the plans of the Aum Shinrikyo cult in Japan serve as frightening reminders of the potential for military or terrorist use of biological agents. The essays in this book, many of which were originally published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, examine the medical, scientific, and political dimensions of limiting the threat posed by biological weapons. The contributors consider the current threat posed by biological weapons, the history of attempts to control them, episodes in which biological agents have been used, Iraq's biological warfare program, and policies that the United States might pursue to reduce the threat. Contributors Suzanne Barth, Pamela Berkowsky, Kristin A. Birkness, Stephen Black, W. Russell Byrne, W. Seth Carus, Marie Chevrier, George W. Christopher, Theodore J. Cieslak, Richard Danzig, Edward M. Eitzen, Jr., Charles C. Engel, James R. Ferguson, Laurence R. Foster, David R. Franz, Arthur M. Friedlander, Carol S. Fullerton, Jeanne Guillemin, Charles E. Haley, Harry C. Holloway, David L. Hoover, John M. Horan, Martin Hugh-Jones, Peter B. Jahrling, Robert P. Kadlec, Akiko Kimura, Shellie A. Kolavic, Alexander Langmuir, John R. Livengood, Karl Lowe, Steven Mauvais, David J. McClain, Matthew Meselson, Ann E. Norwood, Julie A. Pavlin, Graham S. Pearson, Ilona Popova, Alexis Shelokov, Jeffrey D. Simon, Shauna L. Simons, Michael R. Skeels, Laurence Slutsker, Robert Sokolow, Robert V. Tauxe, Thomas J. Török, Jonathan B. Tucker, Robert J. Ursano, Victor Utgoff, Ann M. Vrtis, Robert P. Wise, Olga Yampolskaya, Allan P. Zellicoff, Raymond A. Zilinskas

Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309181151
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats by : National Research Council

Download or read book Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-01-10 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, most terrorist attacks on civilian targets have involved the use of firearms or explosives, and current defensive strategies are aimed at preventing attacks perpetrated by such means. However, the use of the nerve agent sarin in 1995 to attack the Tokyo subway system, the use of the U.S. mail in 2001 to distribute letters containing anthrax spores, and the discovery in 2004 of the biological toxin ricin in U.S. Senate Office Buildings in Washington, D.C., demonstrate that chemical and biological agents have been added to terrorists' arsenals. Attacks involving chemical/biological agents are of great concern, not only because of the potential for mass casualties but also because there is no strategy or technology fielded today that can respond adequately to this threat. As the United States and other countries reassess the security measures they have in place to prevent or defend against such attacks, the risks to the air transportation system as a primary target become clear. Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats is an exploration of defensive strategies that could be used to protect air transportation spaces (specifically, airport terminals and aircraft) against attack with chemical or biological agents and makes recommendations with respect to the role of TSA in implementing these strategies.

The Arenaviridae

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461530288
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis The Arenaviridae by : Maria S. Salvato

Download or read book The Arenaviridae written by Maria S. Salvato and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, a distinguished international group of contributors present the latest molecular, organismal, and epidemiological research on arenaviruses. Their work will broaden both the clinician's and the researcher's knowledge of basic mechanisms of immunological tolerance, viral immunosuppression, the nature of protective immune responses to vaccination, and viral effects on cell functions.

The increasing threat of biological weapons

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Publisher : The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies
ISBN 13 : 9492102439
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (921 download)

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Book Synopsis The increasing threat of biological weapons by : Erik Frinking

Download or read book The increasing threat of biological weapons written by Erik Frinking and published by The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies. This book was released on 2017-02-20 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the World Health Organization (WHO), the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and the U.S. Blue Ribbon panel publishing reports on the emerging risks of biological weaponry in past months, there is a new sense of urgency regarding biological weapons. In August 2016, the United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki Moon told the Security Council that “non-state actors are actively seeking chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons.” This report presents the changing dynamics of the development and use of biological weapons and the preparation against them. The dynamics relate to technological advances in biotechnology and the concomitant attraction to non-state actors to use biological agents as weapons due to their financial appeal and diverse impact. The relative ease with which biological weapons can be produced, and the intent of non-state actors to use biological weapons- based on historical precedent and recent surge in international terrorism- call for a renewed focus on this field and an increased effort to respond to these developments. We provide illustrations of new policy initiatives in a variety of countries and outline the current state of play in the Netherlands, providing a point of departure to discuss whether the current approach is sufficient to tackle the upcoming issues.

Biological Threats In The 21st Century: The Politics, People, Science And Historical Roots

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Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 1783269499
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Threats In The 21st Century: The Politics, People, Science And Historical Roots by : Filippa Lentzos

Download or read book Biological Threats In The 21st Century: The Politics, People, Science And Historical Roots written by Filippa Lentzos and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-07-13 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological Threats in the 21st Century offers a fresh understanding of contemporary biological threats to national security. Readers are introduced to the politics, people, science and historical roots of contemporary biological threats through up-to-date, rigorous and accessible chapters written by leading academics and supplemented by expert point-of-view contributions and interviews.The book provides inspiration and resources for students and researchers, as well as policy makers in government, the public policy sector and the wider community. It is particularly pertinent for those interested in biological disarmament, non-proliferation, counterterrorism and health security.

A Short History of Biological Warfare

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Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 9780160941481
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (414 download)

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Book Synopsis A Short History of Biological Warfare by : W. Seth Carus

Download or read book A Short History of Biological Warfare written by W. Seth Carus and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2017-08-03 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication gives a history of biological warfare (BW) from the prehistoric period through the present, with a section on the future of BW. The publication relies on works by historians who used primary sources dealing with BW. In-depth definitions of biological agents, biological weapons, and biological warfare (BW) are included, as well as an appendix of further reading on the subject. Related items: Arms & Weapons publications can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/arms-weapons Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT & CBRNE) publications can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/hazardous-materials-hazmat-cbrne

Countering Bioterrorism

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309086078
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Countering Bioterrorism by : National Research Council

Download or read book Countering Bioterrorism written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-01-03 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The attacks of September 11 and the release of anthrax spores revealed enormous vulnerabilities in the U.S. public-health infrastructure and suggested similar vulnerabilities in the agricultural infrastructure as well. The traditional public health response-surveillance (intelligence), prevention, detection, response, recovery, and attribution-is the paradigm for the national response not only to all forms of terrorism but also to emerging infectious diseases. Thus, investments in research on bioterrorism will have enormous potential for application in the detection, prevention, and treatment of emerging infectious diseases that also are unpredictable and against which we must be prepared. The deciphering of the human genome sequence and the complete elucidation of numerous pathogen genomes, our rapidly increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and of immune responses, and new strategies for designing drugs and vaccines all offer unprecedented opportunities to use science to counter bioterrorist threats. But these same developments also allow science to be misused to create new agents of mass destruction. Hence the effort to confront bioterrorism must be a global one. Countering Bioterrorism makes the following recommendations: Recommendation 1: All agencies with responsibility for homeland security should work together to establish stronger and more meaningful working ties between the intelligence, S&T, and public health communities. Recommendation 2: Federal agencies should work cooperatively and in collaboration with industry to develop and evaluate rapid, sensitive, and specific early-detection technologies. Recommendation 3: Create a global network for detection and surveillance, making use of computerized methods for real-time reporting and analysis to rapidly detect new patterns of disease locally, nationally, and ultimately- internationally. The use of high-throughput methodologies that are being increasingly utilized in modern biological research should be an important component of this expanded and highly automated surveillance strategy. Recommendation 4: Use knowledge of complex biological patterns and high-throughput laboratory automation to classify and diagnose infections in patients in primary care settings. Recommendation 5: USDA should create an agency for control and prevention of plant disease. This agency should have the capabilities necessary to deal effectively with biothreats.

Responsible Research with Biological Select Agents and Toxins

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309150299
Total Pages : 189 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Responsible Research with Biological Select Agents and Toxins by : National Research Council

Download or read book Responsible Research with Biological Select Agents and Toxins written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-01-12 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effort to understand and combat infectious diseases has, during the centuries, produced many key advances in science and medicine-including the development of vaccines, drugs, and other treatments. A subset of this research is conducted with agents that, like anthrax, not only pose a severe threat to the health of humans, plants, and animals but can also be used for ill-intended purposes. Such agents have been listed by the government as biological select agents and toxins. The 2001 anthrax letter attacks prompted the creation of new regulations aimed at increasing security for research with dangerous pathogens. The outcome of the anthrax letter investigation has raised concern about whether these measures are adequate. Responsible Research with Biological Select Agents and Toxins evaluates both the physical security of select agent laboratories and personnel reliability measures designed to ensure the trustworthiness of those with access to biological select agents and toxins. The book offers a set of guiding principles and recommended changes to minimize security risk and facilitate the productivity of research. The book recommends fostering a culture of trust and responsibility in the laboratory, engaging the community in oversight of the Select Agent Program, and enhancing the operation of the Select Agent Program.

Biological Weapons

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Weapons by : P. R. Chari

Download or read book Biological Weapons written by P. R. Chari and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Essays In This Volume Address Issues Like Anxieties In The Biotech Industry That A Verification Regime Would Compromise Secrecy, Wheter The Verification Arrangements In The Chemical Weapons Convention Could Be Extended To The Btwc, And The Imperative For States To Enact Domestic Ligislation For Implementing The Btwc.

Bioterrorism and Biocrimes

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Author :
Publisher : The Minerva Group, Inc.
ISBN 13 : 9781410100238
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Bioterrorism and Biocrimes by : W. Seth Carus

Download or read book Bioterrorism and Biocrimes written by W. Seth Carus and published by The Minerva Group, Inc.. This book was released on 2002 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The working paper is divided into two main parts. The first part is a descriptive analysis of the illicit use of biological agents by criminals and terrorists. It draws on a series of case studies documented in the second part. The case studies describe every instance identifiable in open source materials in which a perpetrator used, acquired, or threatened to use a biological agent. While the inventory of cases is clearly incomplete, it provides an empirical basis for addressing a number of important questions relating to both biocrimes and bioterrorism. This material should enable policymakers concerned with bioterrorism to make more informed decisions. In the course of this project, the author has researched over 270 alleged cases involving biological agents. This includes all incidents found in open sources that allegedly occurred during the 20th Century. While the list is certainly not complete, it provides the most comprehensive existing unclassified coverage of instances of illicit use of biological agents.

Assessing the Biological Weapons and Bioterrorism Threat

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Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428916261
Total Pages : 125 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing the Biological Weapons and Bioterrorism Threat by :

Download or read book Assessing the Biological Weapons and Bioterrorism Threat written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: