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Health Insurance And Labor Markets
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Book Synopsis Effects of Changes to the Health Insurance System on Labor Markets by : Janet Holtzblatt
Download or read book Effects of Changes to the Health Insurance System on Labor Markets written by Janet Holtzblatt and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the U.S., health insurance (HI) coverage is linked to employment in ways that can affect both wages and the demand for certain types of workers. That close linkage can also affect people¿s decisions to enter the labor force, to work fewer or more hours, to retire, and even to work in one particular job or another. This economic brief shows that the overall impact on labor markets (LM) is difficult to predict. Although economic theory and experience provide some guidance as to the effect of specific provisions, large-scale changes to the HI system could have more extensive repercussions than have previously been observed and also may involve numerous factors that would interact ¿ affecting LM in potentially offsetting ways.
Book Synopsis Size Matters by : Jill Mathews Yegain
Download or read book Size Matters written by Jill Mathews Yegain and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999, this volume responds to a large and growing interest among health policy and research circles on the use of purchasing alliances to leverage change in health care. This book gives detailed and useful specifics on how a leading alliance has fared in California, the most competitive health care market in the United States. Although it is generally accepted that large organizations are more effective purchasers of health insurance, little work has been done to carefully examine the reasons that underlie that phenomenon. Yet, creating interventions and designing potential solutions requires a thorough understanding of the issues. The econometric analysis adds to the limited literature on the influence of premium on choice behaviour for employees of small firms, and introduces an analysis of choice behaviour in a purchasing cooperative setting. The political section of this book presents a much more detailed historical account and analysis of California’s small group market reforms, the most significant health-related legislation in the state in the prior decade, than has been previously available. The conclusions are becoming particularly relevant, both in California and elsewhere, as the issues of reform of the individual market for health insurance comes to the forefront.
Book Synopsis Labor Market Responses to Rising Health Insurance Costs by : David M. Cutler
Download or read book Labor Market Responses to Rising Health Insurance Costs written by David M. Cutler and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increases in the cost of providing health insurance must have some effect on labor markets, either in lower wages, changes in the composition of employment, or both. Despite a presumption that most of this effect will be in the form of lower wages, we document in this paper a significant effect on work hours as well. Using data from the CPS and the SIPP, we show that rising health insurance costs over the 1980s increased the hours worked of those with health insurance by up to 3 percent. We argue that this occurs because health insurance is a fixed cost, and as it becomes more expensive to provide, firms face an incentive to substitute hours per worker for the number of workers employed.
Book Synopsis Health and Labor Markets by : Solomon W. Polachek
Download or read book Health and Labor Markets written by Solomon W. Polachek and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume investigates the relationship between a nation's health policies, employee health, and the resulting labor market outcomes. Containing nine original and innovative articles, it is a fundamental text for anyone interested in labor economics.
Book Synopsis Health Insurance and the Labor Market by : Jonathan Gruber
Download or read book Health Insurance and the Labor Market written by Jonathan Gruber and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A distinctive feature of the health insurance market in the U.S. is the restriction of group insurance availability to the workplace. This has a number of important implications for the functioning of the labor market, through mobility from job-to-job or in and out of the labor force, wage determination, and hiring decisions. This paper reviews the large literature that has emerged in recent years to assess the impact of health insurance on the labor market. I begin with an overview of the institutional details relevant to assessing the interaction of health insurance and the labor market. I then present a theoretical overview of the effects of health insurance on mobility and wage/employment determination. I critically review the empirical literature on these topics, focusing in particular on the methodological issues that have been raised, and highlighting the unanswered questions which can be the focus of future work in this area.
Book Synopsis The U.S. Health Care System and Labor Markets by : Brigitte Condie Madrian
Download or read book The U.S. Health Care System and Labor Markets written by Brigitte Condie Madrian and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a broad and general overview of the relationship between the U.S. health care system and the labor market. The paper first describes some of the salient features of and facts about the system of health insurance coverage in the U.S., particularly the role of employers. It then summarizes the empirical evidence on how health insurance impacts labor market outcomes such as wages, labor supply (including retirement, female labor supply, part-time vs. full-time work, and formal vs. informal sector work), labor demand (including hours worked and the composition of employment across full-time, part-time and temporary workers), and job turnover. It then discusses the implications of having a fragmented system of health insurance delivery--in which employers play a central role--on the health care system and health care outcomes.
Book Synopsis Health Benefits at Work by : Mark V. Pauly
Download or read book Health Benefits at Work written by Mark V. Pauly and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 1999-06-04 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Who really pays for health benefits? An accessible explanation of the economic theory behind this question
Book Synopsis Social Insurance, Informality, and Labor Markets by : Markus Frölich
Download or read book Social Insurance, Informality, and Labor Markets written by Markus Frölich and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-12-04 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most countries implement social protection programs to help individuals manage risks such as unemployment, disability, illness, longevity or death. In many middle income countries, these are often based on a 'Bismarckian model' (named after Otto von Bismarck), where benefits are financed by contributions levied on salaried employment. In countries with a large informal sector, however, only a fraction of the population is covered by this system and non-contributory programs have been added or are planned to increase coverage. This can create distortions in the labor market, and the book is about policies to expand the coverage of social insurance programs to all workers, without reducing incentives to job creation and formal work. While few would argue against the need and social merits of social insurance and social assistance programs there are growing concerns about their unintended consequences on labor markets because of poor design. The programs can distort incentives and individual behaviors in ways that either reduce employment levels and/or promote informality, ultimately affecting productivity and economic performance. For instance, high social security contribution rates can reduce formal employment; badly designed unemployment benefits can reduce incentives to keep, search, and take jobs; and fragmented social assistance programs can become a tax on formal labor and encourage informality. The book reviews the evidence regarding the effects of social insurance and social assistance programs on labor market outcomes and discusses options to improve their design and implementation. The book focuses particularly on middle income countries in Latin America and Asia with a large informal sector and suggests ways to reduce these distortions and better manage and finance the subsidies to make coverage universal, while creating good jobs. The book compiles expert papers from the joint conferences of the World Bank (WB), the Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) on Employment and Development.
Book Synopsis The Labor Market Effects of Rising Health Insurance Premiums by : Katherine Baicker
Download or read book The Labor Market Effects of Rising Health Insurance Premiums written by Katherine Baicker and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2000, premiums for employer-provided health insurance have increased by 59 percent with little corresponding increase in the generosity of coverage. The effect of this increase in costs on wages and employment will depend on workers' valuation of the benefit, the elasticities of labor supply and demand, and institutional constraints on employers' ability to lower wages. Measuring these effects is difficult, however, without a source of exogenous variation in the cost of benefits. We use variation in medical malpractice payments driven by the recent "medical malpractice crisis" to identify the causal effect of rising health insurance premiums on wages, employment, and health insurance coverage. We estimate that a 10 percent increase in health insurance premiums reduces the aggregate probability of being employed by 1.6 percent and hours worked by 1 percent, and increases the likelihood that a worker is employed only part-time by 1.9 percent. For workers covered by employer provided health insurance, this increase in premiums results in an offsetting decrease in wages of 2.3 percent. Thus, rising health insurance premiums may both increase the ranks of the unemployed and place an increasing burden on workers through decreased wages for workers with employer health insurance and decreased hours for workers moved from full time jobs with benefits to part time jobs without.
Book Synopsis Analyzing Markets for Health Workers by : Barbara McPake
Download or read book Analyzing Markets for Health Workers written by Barbara McPake and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-06 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving universal health care requires understanding health labor markets dynamics to overcome constaints in human resources for health. This book helps to understand how key elements in health labor markets interact and how these interactions can help or hinder significant progress in health care coverage.
Book Synopsis Structural Changes in U.S. Labour Markets: Causes and Consequences by : Randall E. Eberts
Download or read book Structural Changes in U.S. Labour Markets: Causes and Consequences written by Randall E. Eberts and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During much of the 1980s, US wage growth has been unexpectedly slow in the face of relatively low unemployment rates and high capacity utilization rates. This collection of papers resulting from the Wage Structure Conference held by the Federal Research Bank of Cleveland, November 1989, helps explain labour market behaviour in that period. The contributors - academic and research economists in labour economics - provide a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the wage-setting process in the US labour market.
Book Synopsis How the New Labor Market is Squeezing Workforce Health Benefits by :
Download or read book How the New Labor Market is Squeezing Workforce Health Benefits written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Health Insurance Provision and Labor Market Efficiency in the United States and Germany by : Douglas Holtz-Eakin
Download or read book Health Insurance Provision and Labor Market Efficiency in the United States and Germany written by Douglas Holtz-Eakin and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health Insurance has claimed a prominent place on the policy agenda in the United States. Critics argue that the status quo has lead to spiraling health care costs, an inequitable distribution of quality medical care, and that employer-provided health insurance has "locked" individuals into jobs, thereby interfering with the efficient matching of employers and employees. In contrast to the United States, Germany guarantees virtually all citizens health insurance. Insurance is portable, but the cost may change when an individual changes jobs, again leading to the potential for job-lock. This paper assesses the empirical magnitude of health insurance-related impediments to job mobility in the United States and Germany, The results show little evidence that health insurance provision interferes with job mobility in either the United States or Germany, thus suggesting that these employer-based systems for providing the health insurance portion of the social safety net do not alter this aspect of labor market efficiency.
Book Synopsis Does Public Health Insurance Reduce Labor Market Flexibility Or Encourage the Underground Economy? by : Sara de la Rica
Download or read book Does Public Health Insurance Reduce Labor Market Flexibility Or Encourage the Underground Economy? written by Sara de la Rica and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper compares the labor market implications of the health insurance system in Spain and in the United States. While most health insurance is privately provided to workers (by employers) in the United States, Spanish workers obtain health insurance coverage from the public social security system. The Spanish system is financed by a payroll (social security) tax shared between employers and employees. There is clear evidence, however, of widespread non-compliance with the social security tax. This paper empirically compares the incidence of health insurance coverage among U.S. workers to the pattern of compliance with the social security tax among Spanish workers. The main finding of this paper is that these two patterns are very similar. They both depend on the same supply and demand factors, which is consistent with basic economic models of private provision of benefits and of tax compliance. However, one important difference between the two systems is that in Spain, unlike the United States, essentially all heads of household work in the covered sector and thus have a full access to public health care for themselves and for their dependents.
Book Synopsis Labor Markets and Firm Benefit Policies in Japan and the United States by : Seiritsu Ogura
Download or read book Labor Markets and Firm Benefit Policies in Japan and the United States written by Seiritsu Ogura and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, the fourth to result from a remarkably productive collaboration between the National Bureau of Economic Research and the Japan Center for Economic Research, presents a selection of thirteen high-caliber papers addressing issues in the employment practices, labor markets, and health, benefit, and pension policies of the United States and Japan. After an opening chapter assessing the recent ascendance of the U.S. economy, papers diverge to tackle a range of specific issues. Focusing less on international comparison than on the assembly of high-quality research, contributors hone in on a variety of individual topics. Chapters delve into issues of youth employment, participatory employment, information sharing, fringe benefits, and drug coverage in Japan, as well as the dynamics of medical savings accounts, private insurance coverage, and benefit options in the U.S. Like previous volumes stemming from NBER/JCER collaboration, this book represents a valuable mass of empirical data on some of the most notable employment and benefits issues in each nation, information that will both anchor and provoke scholarly analysis of these topics well into the future.
Book Synopsis Is Health Insurance Crippling the Labor Market? by : Douglas Holtz-Eakin
Download or read book Is Health Insurance Crippling the Labor Market? written by Douglas Holtz-Eakin and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wedges, Labor Market Behavior, and Health Insurance Coverage Under the Affordable Care Act by : Trevor S. Gallen
Download or read book Wedges, Labor Market Behavior, and Health Insurance Coverage Under the Affordable Care Act written by Trevor S. Gallen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Affordable Care Act's taxes, subsidies, and regulations significantly alter terms of trade in both goods and factor markets. We use a multi-sector (intra-national) trade model to predict and quantify consequences of the Affordable Care Act for the incidence of health insurance coverage and patterns of labor usage. If and when the new exchange plans are competitive with employer-sponsored insurance (ESI), our model suggests that more than 20 million people will leave ESI as a consequence of the law. Behavioral changes that are captured in the model could add about 3 million participants to the new exchange plans: beyond those that would participate solely as the result of employer decisions to stop offering coverage and beyond those who would have been uninsured. Industries and regions will grow, decline, and change coverage on the basis of their relative demand for skilled labor.
