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Habitat Use And Response To Wetland Management Practices Of Non Breeding Dabbling Ducks In Western Tennessee
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Book Synopsis Habitat Use and Response to Wetland Management Practices of Non-breeding Dabbling Ducks in Western Tennessee by : Matthew Doddridge McClanahan
Download or read book Habitat Use and Response to Wetland Management Practices of Non-breeding Dabbling Ducks in Western Tennessee written by Matthew Doddridge McClanahan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Western Tennessee is an important area for non-breeding waterfowl in the Mississippi Flyway, including over 40% of the Mississippi Flyway population of American black ducks (Anas rubripes, hereafter black ducks), a species in decline. Information is lacking on waterfowl community ecology in the region, and managers must identify key habitats and consider functional use and potential predictors of resource use by non-breeding communities. Impacts of wetland management practices, such as moist-soil disking and subsequent planting of desirable grasses (i.e., Japanese millet [Echinochloa frumentacea], hereafter millet), must also be tested relative to impacts on waterfowl use and habitat quality. During winters 2011-2013 (November-February), I estimated food densities, diurnal habitat use, activities, and potential predictors of use of dabbling ducks (Anatini) at the Duck River Unit of Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge and Cross Creeks National Wildlife Refuge in western Tennessee, and I interpreted patterns relative to black ducks observed in concurrent studies (Chapter II). I also estimated autumn vegetation response, dabbling duck use and activities, and food densities in moist-soil wetland plots disked and planted with millet (Chapter III). Dabbling ducks primarily used moist-soil areas, and foraging was the dominant activity. Mudflats and scrub-shrub areas were also used as foraging areas. Habitat use was positively correlated with increasing emergent cover and energetic carrying capacity and was negatively correlated with increasing water depth. Black ducks occurred with other Anatini species in each habitat type, especially in moist-soil and scrub-shrub areas. Food densities were initially greatest in moist-soil areas, but foods declined rapidly. Vegetation was taller and percent cover of desirable species greater in un-manipulated than disked wetland plots, but duck use and food densities did not differ between treatments. Foraging was more frequently observed in disked than un-manipulated plots. Disking and millet planting did not improve wetland use by black ducks. My results suggest that managers should provide a complex of natural wetland types to accommodate non-breeding dabbling duck communities in western Tennessee. Disking and millet planting should not be used to improve moist-soil wetlands for black ducks, and other wetland manipulation techniques should be investigated.
Book Synopsis American Black Duck Wintering Dynamics and Dabbling Duck Response to Herbicide Application in Western Tennessee Wetlands by : Joshua Matthew Osborn
Download or read book American Black Duck Wintering Dynamics and Dabbling Duck Response to Herbicide Application in Western Tennessee Wetlands written by Joshua Matthew Osborn and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American black duck (Anas rubripes) populations declined throughout North America in the late 20th century. Although the breeding population has since stabilized, research investigating habitat use by black ducks in the Mississippi Flyway is scarce. Impacts of wetland management practices in response to invasive species must also be tested to measure responses to habitat quality by black ducks and other waterfowl. During winters 2011-2013 (December-February), I estimated food biomass, diurnal habitat use, and activities of black ducks in 6 cover types at the Duck River Unit of Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge and Cross Creeks National Wildlife Refuge in western Tennessee. I also evaluated vegetation response, dabbling duck use and activities, and food biomass in moist-soil wetland plots containing alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) treated with imazapyr. Black ducks were most common in scrub-shrub wetlands, where locomotion and resting behaviors were dominant activities. Although highly variable, black duck use was also high in unharvested, flooded corn. Moist-soil wetlands and mudflats were important foraging substrates, but black duck use in these areas were not equivocal to use in scrub-shrub. Greatest food biomass occurred in moist-soil wetlands compared to other cover types. However, black ducks appeared to select sites with lesser, but consistent food densities throughout winter. Waterfowl use, behavior, and food biomass did not differ between control and treatment plots. Reductions of alligatorweed with imazapyr in moist-soil wetlands did not improve use of those sites by black ducks perhaps due to a lack of shrub cover. My results suggest cumulative life-history strategies likely influence habitat use by wintering American black ducks. Managers should provide foraging areas proximate to scrub-shrub wetlands to benefit black ducks in western Tennessee. Flooded agriculture at TNWR and CCNWR could facilitate interactions and consequently hybridization potential between mallards and black ducks. Managers should reduce flooded corn acreage and restore scrub-shrub wetlands amidst early succession emergent wetlands. Imazapyr treatment should not replace current management strategies in moist-soil wetlands (i.e., rotational disking, disking with supplemental planting, prescribed burning), but may be used to control invasive plant species as needed without negative implications on food resources for wintering waterfowl during treatment years.
Book Synopsis Evaluations of Duck Habitat and Estimation of Duck Population Sizes with a Remote-sensing-based System by : Lewis M. Cowardin
Download or read book Evaluations of Duck Habitat and Estimation of Duck Population Sizes with a Remote-sensing-based System written by Lewis M. Cowardin and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During 1987-90 high-altitude photography, aerial videography, counts, and models to estimate sizes of breeding populations of dabbling ducks and duck production and to identify duck habitat on U.S. fish and Wildlife Service land and easements and on private land in the prairie pothole region of the United States.
Book Synopsis Waterfowl Management Handbook by : James Kent Ringelman
Download or read book Waterfowl Management Handbook written by James Kent Ringelman and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Habitat Use and Nesting Success of Dabbling Ducks in Western New York Grasslands by : Bridgett L. Estel
Download or read book Habitat Use and Nesting Success of Dabbling Ducks in Western New York Grasslands written by Bridgett L. Estel and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study was conducted in western New York during the 1987 and 1988 waterfowl breeding seasons to identify locally nesting dabbling duck species, document key nesting habitats, and estimate nest success rates (NSR). Data were collected within a 7,963 ha area on the Iroquois National Wildlife Refuge and state- owned Oak Orchard and Tonawanda Wildlife Management Areas. Systematic nest searches were done in 4 grassland cover types: planted grassland, naturally seeded grassland, reverted cropland, and rights-of-way. The mallard (Anas platyrhynchos)and blue-winged teal (A. discors) were the predominant nesting species, comprising 39% and 53% respectively of the 338 nests found in grasslands. The overall nest success rate for mallards was .09 and the NSR for blue-winged teal averaged .21. Mallard nesting attempts were most successful in planted grassland (NSR = .28) and naturally seeded grassland (.11) and least successful in rights-of-way (1%) and reverted cropland (3%). Planted grasslands.
Book Synopsis Evaluating the Relationship Between Local Food Availability and Wetland Landscape Structure in Determining Dabbling Duck Habitat Use During Spring Migration by : Travis John Schepker
Download or read book Evaluating the Relationship Between Local Food Availability and Wetland Landscape Structure in Determining Dabbling Duck Habitat Use During Spring Migration written by Travis John Schepker and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetlands in the Nebraska's Rainwater Basin (RWB) have decreased by 90[percent] over the past two centuries and are subject to on-going degradation of quality from urban and agricultural land-use practices. Losses in wetland habitat quantity and quality are important because the RWB serves as a critical spring staging area to [approx]7 million dabbling ducks, including approximately 50[percent] of North America's mid-continent mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) population, and 30[percent] of North America's total Northern pintail (A. acuta) population. During spring, waterfowl depend on wetland habitat for aquatic invertebrates and plant materials to accumulate the energy and protein needed to complete migration and initiate egg production. If demands for quality food resources are not met, waterfowl may arrive at breeding grounds in poorer body condition, and consequently be less likely to achieve reproductive success. This cross-seasonal effect is believed to be driven by excessive habitat loss at mid-latitudes, introduction of invasive plant species, and depletion of food resources by fall migrants. Given the importance of food resource acquisition at mid-latitude stopover sites and subsequent effects on recruitment, the goal of this study was to improve understanding of food resource availability in wetlands and the relationship to habitat use by spring-migrating waterfowl. I conducted weekly waterfowl surveys and quantified local habitat characteristics including seed density (kg/ha), invertebrate density (kg/ha), energy derived from food resources (kcal/ha), water depth, wetland area, vegetative cover, and several water quality parameters at 32 wetlands in spring 2014 and 35 wetlands in spring 2015. Additionally, I quantified wetland habitat surrounding each study site by assessing wetland area and number of wetlands ([greater than]1ha) within 2.5km and 5km of a study site. Study sites were located on public lands managed by the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission and the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, private conservation easement lands enrolled in the Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP), and on private lands managed for agriculture (cropped and non-cropped). A set of species distribution models were developed to explain spring dabbling duck density and species richness in the RWB. I hypothesized that a combination of local (food density, energy, water depth, wetland area, and vegetative cover) and landscape variables would explain the greatest amount of variability in dabbling duck density. In 2014 (a dry year), energy, seed density, water depth, wetland area, and wetland density in the surrounding landscape were positively associated with dabbling duck density; however, invertebrate density and vegetative cover had no influence on dabbling duck density. In 2015 (wet year), seed density and energy were positively associated with dabbling duck density; however, water depth, wetland area, vegetative cover, invertebrate density, and wetland area in the surrounding landscape had no influence on dabbling duck density. Wetland area and water depth were the only useful explanatory variables for explaining species richness in 2014, whereas in 2015 dabbling duck species richness was best explained by wetland area and vegetative cover. I used non-parametric analyses to compare seed density, and true metabolizable energy (TME) at three wetland types; public, WRP, and cropped wetlands. Seed density did not vary among wetland types in 2014 or 2015. Median seed density estimates during both years at public, WRP, and cropped wetlands were 593kg/ha ([x bar] = 621kg/ha), 561kg/ha ([x bar] = 566kg/ha), and 419kg/ha ([x bar] = 608kg/ha) respectively. Seed density was consistent between years for public and WRP wetlands, but varied between years for cropped units (p [less than] 0.05). Variation in seed density between years at cropped wetlands was likely influenced by the presence/absence of agricultural waste grains. Cumulative TME varied among wetland type in 2014 and 2015, with greater TME at cropped wetlands (median = 2431kcal/kg) than public (median = 1740kcal/kg) and WRP wetlands (median = 1781kcal/kg), however TME did not differ between WRP and public wetlands. TME was consistent among wetland types between 2014 and 2015. Seed density estimates from this study were statistically greater than estimates currently used for management planning in the RWB, however, TME estimates were statistically less than estimates currently assumed for WRP and public wetlands in the region. My estimates for mean aquatic invertebrate density were approximately 40-fold less than estimates for mean seed density. Benthic communities accounted for 68[percent] of the total invertebrate density, however invertebrate diversity was greater in nektonic communities. Neonicotinoid synthetic insecticides are believed to have a deleterious effect on aquatic invertebrate communities in agricultural areas, although their occurrence in RWB wetlands were previously unknown. I detected trace levels of neonicotinoids in 92[percent] of water samples collected in wetlands sampled in the RWB during the spring of 2015. I predicted a relatively high detection rate given the intensity of row crop production in the region, though concentrations were lower than expected. Concentrations at 26 wetlands sampled fell below toxicity benchmarks proposed by the Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines, and only 11[percent] of wetlands sampled had concentrations exceeding the most conservative benchmark proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency. Neonicotinoids concentrations were minimal at wetlands with vegetative buffers strips [greater than or equal to]50m between a wetland and a cropped field, relative to wetlands with vegetative buffers strips [less than]50m. Although neonicotinoid levels were below lethal concentrations for all aquatic invertebrates identified in this study, I observed a negative association between neonicotinoid concentrations and aquatic invertebrate density (g/m[superscript 2]).
Book Synopsis Effect of Habitat Management on Dabbling Ducks During Spring Migration in Southwestern Indiana by : John Michael Lindstrom
Download or read book Effect of Habitat Management on Dabbling Ducks During Spring Migration in Southwestern Indiana written by John Michael Lindstrom and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, management for migratory waterfowl was focused around providing hunting opportunity each fall. More recently habitat during spring migration has received attention as a potentially limiting factor for some species of waterfowl, considering the carry-over effects that have been observed in both capital and income breeders. Habitat needs have been compounded by the flashy flood events that now occur in the highly modified landscape. The discovery of carry-over effects has led to an increase in habitat management actions and a diversification of available management strategies. In my study I hoped to identify the best management strategies for spring migratory waterfowl. I also wanted to identify how quickly waterfowl can respond to flood events. In 2012 and 2013, I examined the effect of habitat management on dabbling duck behavior and distribution during spring migration in southwest Indiana. I investigated three management options for wetlands: active management, passive management, and agricultural food plots. Actively managed wetlands are wetlands where the hydrology is managed and controlled. In passively managed wetlands and agricultural food plots; the hydrology is provided naturally. I surveyed both duck behavior and abundance on 14 wetlands on the Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge and Management Area. I also surveyed short-lived wetlands to determine the response rate of waterfowl to inundation following rain events. The agricultural food plot areas had the lowest estimates of food availability followed by the actively managed areas with the passive managed wetlands having the highest estimate. Waterfowl abundances were highest on the actively managed wetlands with the food plots coming in second and the passive wetlands coming in a distant third. The passive wetlands had the highest proportions of time spent feeding followed by the active and food plot wetlands. Dabbling ducks were not distributing themselves relative to food density but are feeding in the highest proportions in these areas. Waterfowl use was recorded less than 24 hours after inundation on 14 of 21 short-lived wetlands. Short-lived wetlands may be important to migratory waterfowl. Conservation prioritization of passively managed areas would provide larger areas for dabbling ducks to feed, but active management provides habitat regardless of climatic variability. Moving forward, wetland complexes encompassing diverse wetland management approaches would be the best option for spring migrating waterfowl as these complexes can provide high quality habitats and buffer against uncontrollable climactic conditions.
Book Synopsis Dabbling Duck and Aquatic Invertebrate Responses to Manipulated Wetland Habitat by : Richard M. Kaminski
Download or read book Dabbling Duck and Aquatic Invertebrate Responses to Manipulated Wetland Habitat written by Richard M. Kaminski and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 2-year study was conducted on a 33-ha impoundment in the Delta Marsh, south-central Manitoba (50 degrees 11'N, 98 degrees 19'W), to test the effects of manipulations of emergent hydrophytes and basin substrate on several parameters for breeding dabbling ducks (Anatini) and aquatic invertebrates. Replicate square plots (1 ha) were established which provided one of 3 areal percentage ratios of emergent vegetation to open water (30:70, 50:50, or 70:30), and one of 2 basin treatments (mowed vegetation or scarification by rototilling). Between years, numbers of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and blue-winged teal (A. discors) pairs declined significantly while pair numbers of northern shovelers (A.clypeata), gadwall (A. strepera), and pintail (A. acuta) were comparable. Weather was not confounded with habitat treatments on species-pair numbers in 1977 or 1978. The greatest density and species diversity of dabbler pairs occurred on 50:50 plots in both years. The response appeared linked to.
Book Synopsis Land Management for Wild Ducks in Alabama by :
Download or read book Land Management for Wild Ducks in Alabama written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Guide to Wood Duck Production Habitat Requirements by : United States. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife
Download or read book A Guide to Wood Duck Production Habitat Requirements written by United States. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wetland Techniques by : James T. Anderson
Download or read book Wetland Techniques written by James T. Anderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetlands serve many important functions and provide numerous ecological services such as clean water, wildlife habitat, nutrient reduction, and flood control. Wetland science is a relatively young discipline but is a rapidly growing field due to an enhanced understanding of the importance of wetlands and the numerous laws and policies that have been developed to protect these areas. This growth is demonstrated by the creation and growth of the Society of Wetland Scientists which was formed in 1980 and now has a membership of 3,500 people. It is also illustrated by the existence of 2 journals (Wetlands and Wetlands Ecology and Management) devoted entirely to wetlands. To date there has been no practical, comprehensive techniques book centered on wetlands, and written for wetland researchers, students, and managers. This techniques book aims to fill that gap. It is designed to provide an overview of the various methods that have been used or developed by researchers and practitioners to study, monitor, manage, or create wetlands. Including many methods usually found only in the peer-reviewed or gray literature, this 3-volume set fills a major niche for all professionals dealing with wetlands.
Book Synopsis Patterns of Habitat Use of Breeding Ducks and Grebes in the Western Boreal Forest by : Rhona Kindopp
Download or read book Patterns of Habitat Use of Breeding Ducks and Grebes in the Western Boreal Forest written by Rhona Kindopp and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Survival and Post-breeding Habitat Use of Mottled Ducks in the Western Gulf Coast by : Erin M. Wehland
Download or read book Survival and Post-breeding Habitat Use of Mottled Ducks in the Western Gulf Coast written by Erin M. Wehland and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bioindicators for Assessing Ecological Integrity of Prairie Wetlands by : Paul R. Adamus
Download or read book Bioindicators for Assessing Ecological Integrity of Prairie Wetlands written by Paul R. Adamus and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Feeding Ecology of Nonbreeding Ducks on Strip-mine Sediment Ponds in East-central Texas by : Deidre Marie De Roia
Download or read book Feeding Ecology of Nonbreeding Ducks on Strip-mine Sediment Ponds in East-central Texas written by Deidre Marie De Roia and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluations of Duck Habitat and Estimation of Duck Population Sizes with a Remote-Sensing-Based System by : Lewis M. Cowardin
Download or read book Evaluations of Duck Habitat and Estimation of Duck Population Sizes with a Remote-Sensing-Based System written by Lewis M. Cowardin and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During 1987-90, we used high-altitude photography, aerial videography, counts, and models to estimate sizes of breeding populations of dabbling ducks (Anatinae) and duck production and to identify duck habitat on U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service land and easements and on private land pothole region of the United States. in the prairie km2). Wetland area (ha per km2) The study area contained about 3.1 million wetland basins (28,490 was highest on service-owned land; wetland-basin density was greatest on service easements. Temporary and seasonal wetlands were underrepresented and lakes were overrepresented on service-owned land. Seventy-eight percent of all basins were less than 0.41 ha. Cropland dominated private land. Pond density decreased from 4.4/km2 in 1987 to 3.4/km2 in 1990 and pond area, from 7.2 ha/km2 to 2.7 ha/km2. The density of the blue-winged teal was greatest (3.4 pairs/km) and was followed in magnitude by those of the mallard (2.1 pairs/km2), the gadwall (1.8 pairs/km2), the northern pintail (0.8 pairs/km), and the redhead (0.8 pairs/km2). Duck density was consistently highest on service-owned land. The decline of breeding-population sizes in 1987-90 closely corresponded to losses of pond numbers and pond area. The density of breeding pairs per pond was inversely related to pond density, suggesting that breeding ducks tended to concentrate on the remaining ponds as drought intensified. The production of recruits followed the same pattern as breeding-population sizes. We estimated that 2.5% of the ducklings hatched on service-owned land, which was 1.3% of the study area; 19.6% hatched on service easements, which were 14.2% of the study area; and 77.9% hatched on private land, which was 84.6% of the study area.
Book Synopsis American Black Duck Breeding Habitat Enhancement in the Northeastern United States by : Ronald E. Kirby
Download or read book American Black Duck Breeding Habitat Enhancement in the Northeastern United States written by Ronald E. Kirby and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
