Guidance On Pfas Exposure Testing And Clinical Follow Up

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Guidance on Pfas Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-Up

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309482448
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (824 download)

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Book Synopsis Guidance on Pfas Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-Up by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Guidance on Pfas Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-Up written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2022-09-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In thousands of communities across the United States, drinking water is contaminated with chemicals known as perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). PFAS are used in a wide range of products, such as non-stick cookware, water and stain repellent fabrics, and fire-fighting foam, because they have properties that repel oil and water, reduce friction, and resist temperature changes. PFAS can leak into the environment where they are made, used, disposed of, or spilled. PFAS exposure has been linked to a number of adverse health effects including certain cancers, thyroid dysfunction, changes in cholesterol, and small reductions in birth weight. This report recommends that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) update its clinical guidance to advise clinicians to offer PFAS blood testing to patients who are likely to have a history of elevated exposure, such as those with occupational exposures or those who live in areas known to be contaminated. If testing reveals PFAS levels associated with an increased risk of adverse effects, patients should receive regular screenings and monitoring for these and other health impacts. Guidance on PFAS Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-Up recommends that the CDC, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), and public health departments support clinicians by creating educational materials on PFAS exposure, potential health effects, the limitations of testing, and the benefits and harms of testing.

Guidance on PFAS Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-up

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.). Committee on the Guidance on PFAS Testing and Health Outcomes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Guidance on PFAS Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-up by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.). Committee on the Guidance on PFAS Testing and Health Outcomes

Download or read book Guidance on PFAS Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-up written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.). Committee on the Guidance on PFAS Testing and Health Outcomes and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In thousands of communities across the United States, drinking water is contaminated with chemicals known as perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). PFAS are used in a wide range of products, such as non-stick cookware, water and stain repellent fabrics, and fire-fighting foam, because they have properties that repel oil and water, reduce friction, and resist temperature changes. PFAS can leak into the environment where they are made, used, disposed of, or spilled. PFAS exposure has been linked to a number of adverse health effects including certain cancers, thyroid dysfunction, changes in cholesterol, and small reductions in birth weight. This report recommends that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) update its clinical guidance to advise clinicians to offer PFAS blood testing to patients who are likely to have a history of elevated exposure, such as those with occupational exposures or those who live in areas known to be contaminated. If testing reveals PFAS levels associated with an increased risk of adverse effects, patients should receive regular screenings and monitoring for these and other health impacts. Guidance on PFAS Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-Up recommends that the CDC, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), and public health departments support clinicians by creating educational materials on PFAS exposure, potential health effects, the limitations of testing, and the benefits and harms of testing.

Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309102723
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals by : National Research Council

Download or read book Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-11-30 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomonitoring—a method for measuring amounts of toxic chemicals in human tissues—is a valuable tool for studying potentially harmful environmental chemicals. Biomonitoring data have been used to confirm exposures to chemicals and validate public health policies. For example, population biomonitoring data showing high blood lead concentrations resulted in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) regulatory reduction of lead in gasoline; biomonitoring data confirmed a resultant drop in blood lead concentrations. Despite recent advances, the science needed to understand the implications of the biomonitoring data for human health is still in its nascent stages. Use of the data also raises communication and ethical challenges. In response to a congressional request, EPA asked the National Research Council to address those challenges in an independent study. Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals provides a framework for improving the use of biomonitoring data including developing and using biomarkers (measures of exposure), research to improve the interpretation of data, ways to communicate findings to the public, and a review of ethical issues.

Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Environment

Author : David M. Kempisty
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429945027
Total Pages : 495 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Environment by : David M. Kempisty

Download or read book Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Environment written by David M. Kempisty and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), often referred to as per- (and poly) fluorinated compounds (PFCs), have been used for years in many everyday3⁄4 and some lifesaving3⁄4 products. However, their use has been linked to adverse health effects in humans, a problem compounded by their persistence in the environment. This book discusses the various challenges of PFAS in our environment today, including their historical use as well as their chemical and toxicological properties. It also presents robust discussion of analytical challenges and special considerations in sampling. The work goes on to give practical recommendations for dealing with these compounds in today's dynamic regulatory landscape and includes several chapters on various remediation techniques. Key Features: Comprehensive overview of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) historical use and chemical/physical properties which help us understand their persistence, transport, and transformation pathways in the environment In-depth analysis of PFAS toxicology Detailed descriptions of conventional and state-of-the-art remediation technologies Practical recommendations for dealing with PFAS in a dynamic regulatory landscape Robust discussion of important sampling and analytical considerations Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Environment: Theory, Practice, and Innovation explores the challenges across the topical areas of regulation and management, toxicology, environmental remediation, and analytical sampling and analysis.Readers will find this text helpful in understanding complexities associated with PFAS and informing management strategies to effectively protect this and future generations.

Use and Potential Impacts of AFFF Containing PFASs at Airports

Author : Andrew H. Thalheimer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309446389
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (463 download)

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Book Synopsis Use and Potential Impacts of AFFF Containing PFASs at Airports by : Andrew H. Thalheimer

Download or read book Use and Potential Impacts of AFFF Containing PFASs at Airports written by Andrew H. Thalheimer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Research Report 173: Use and Potential Impacts of AFFF Containing PFASs at Airports explores the potential environmental and health impacts of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) typically found in aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs). The report describes methods that can be used to identify areas of potential concern at an airport and ways to implement management and remediation practices.

Toward a PFAS-free Future

Author : Simona A Bălan
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1837671427
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (376 download)

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Book Synopsis Toward a PFAS-free Future by : Simona A Bălan

Download or read book Toward a PFAS-free Future written by Simona A Bălan and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2023-11-17 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are extensively used in consumer products, despite their high persistence and other hazards. The risks posed by this chemical class to human health and the environment, which are increasingly becoming understood, have triggered regulation and policy changes. However, safer alternatives to these technically effective materials and methods to discover and use those alternatives are still under development. Remediation of PFAS contaminated sites will not solve the growing worldwide pollution, but substitution with safer substances at the formulation and manufacturing phases will at least abate the flow of PFASs into our bodies and environment. Introducing safer alternatives to some of the PFASs of concern used in select industry sectors, this book informs the reader about the processes of chemical hazard and alternatives assessment that can foster innovation. It is a valuable resource for both green chemists and industrial chemists interested in how they can make their products safer without compromising on function.

Forever Chemicals

Author : David M. Kempisty
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000405451
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Forever Chemicals by : David M. Kempisty

Download or read book Forever Chemicals written by David M. Kempisty and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forever Chemicals: Environmental, Economic, and Social Equity Concerns with PFAS in the Environment provides the reader with an understanding of the complex and interwoven issues associated with per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS) in our environment. The chapters provide in-depth perspective into various issues, including health, regulation, detection, clean-up strategies and technologies, and more. Taken together or as the reader’s interests lead them, the variety of topics covered in the book present a balanced perspective on this complex topic. It will address the current state of PFAS and where indicators are pointing for future developments. The book is also a deeper investigation of the regulatory challenges, analytical hurdles, and toxicological progress to date for the suite of PFAS chemicals. Features Explains the trends that will affect future policy and regulatory decisions Looks holistically at 4000+ PFAS chemicals Includes PFAS risk assessments at contaminated sites and biomonitoring insights Provides in-depth discussions on remediation technologies Illustrates quality and diversified content Provides a balanced perspective on this complex topic

Blood

Author : Dr. Jen Gunter
Publisher : Random House Canada
ISBN 13 : 0735280835
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Blood by : Dr. Jen Gunter

Download or read book Blood written by Dr. Jen Gunter and published by Random House Canada. This book was released on 2024-01-23 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The galvanizing new book from Dr. Jen Gunter, #1 bestselling author of The Vagina Bible and The Menopause Manifesto, dispels the shame, mythology, and misinformation around menstruation with scientific facts, medical expertise, and a fierce feminist perspective. Most of us know about as much about how the uterus and ovaries function as we do about how the liver works. Add in societal shame around the menstrual cycle and it’s not surprising that misinformation is widespread. But, as women’s health advocate and trusted OB-GYN Dr. Jen Gunter writes, “you don’t have to think about your liver 5 days a month for 30 years, so I’d argue people should know more about the uterus." Enter Blood. In her new book, Dr. Gunter offers a clear, no-nonsense guide to reproductive anatomy and answers all the questions you never knew you had about menstrual bleeding—for example, where does the blood come from? And where does it go if you miss a period? Why do we even menstruate in the first place? With her expertise and trademark wit, Dr. Gunter debunks myths and challenges patriarchal attitudes toward this natural bodily process, shedding light on: The endometrium's fascinating connection to the immune system The brain-ovary connection Legitimate menstrual products, and the facts behind toxic shock syndrome Irregular, heavy, and breakthrough bleeding Period pain Endometriosis Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Hormonal contraception, menstrual tracking, and FAM (fertility awareness methods) Abortion as menstrual management And much more. Surprising, funny, and fact-filled, Blood is an essential and empowering resource from the doctor who "takes the mystery out of women’s health and replaces it with evidence-informed concrete recommendations." (Lori Brotto, Canada Research Chair in Women's Sexual Health)

Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology - E-Book

Author : Jerome F. Strauss
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 032381008X
Total Pages : 1393 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology - E-Book by : Jerome F. Strauss

Download or read book Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology - E-Book written by Jerome F. Strauss and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2023-03-24 with total page 1393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For over 40 years, Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology has been the gold standard text of both basic science and clinical practice of the full range of female and male reproductive disorders. The fully revised 9th Edition continues this tradition of excellence with complete coverage, including up-to-date information on impaired fertility, infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, problems of sexual development, menstrual disturbances, fibroids, endometriosis, female and male reproductive aging, fertility preservation, assisted reproduction technologies including ovarian stimulation and ovulation induction, transgender hormonal treatment, contraception, and more. An outstanding editorial board and other global experts in the field share their knowledge and expertise to keep you abreast of current science and practice in endocrinology. Includes new chapters on Meiosis, Fertilization and Embryo Development; Recurrent Pregnancy Loss; Uterus Transplantation; Mitochondrial Transplantation and Gene Editing; and Germs Cells Developed In Vitro. Provides extensively revised information on contemporary practices in assisted reproduction, fertility preservation, and ovulation induction. Provides an online video library that highlights surgical procedures, diagnostic imaging, and functional ultrasound imaging. Adds three new members to the exceptional editorial team: Drs. Anuja Dokras, Carmen J. Williams, and Zev Williams. Features full-color, high-quality illustrations that clearly depict basic anatomic structures, endocrine processes, and cell function and dysfunction. Includes bulleted lists under major headings in each chapter for quick, at-a-glance summaries of every section. Lists Top References at the end of each chapter that distill the most important references for research underpinnings, to complement the complete online reference list.

Textbook of Children's Environmental Health

Author : Ruth A. Etzel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197662528
Total Pages : 937 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (976 download)

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Book Synopsis Textbook of Children's Environmental Health by : Ruth A. Etzel

Download or read book Textbook of Children's Environmental Health written by Ruth A. Etzel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024 with total page 937 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With new and updated content on biodiversity and chemicals in food, Textbook of Children's Environmental Health, Second Edition remains the quintessential textbook for the study of the environmental hazards that cause disease in childre

The cost of inaction

Author : Gretta Goldenman
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 9289360658
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (893 download)

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Book Synopsis The cost of inaction by : Gretta Goldenman

Download or read book The cost of inaction written by Gretta Goldenman and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2019-03-17 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PFAS (per and polyfluoroalkylsubstances) are known to be extremely difficult to degrade in the environment and to be bioaccumulative and toxic. Exposure to PFAS is suspected to increase the risk of adverse health effects, such as impacts on the thyroid gland, the liver, fat metabolism and the immune system. This study estimates the socioeconomic costs that may result from impacts on human health and the environment from the use of PFAS. Better awareness of the costs and problems associated with PFAS exposure will assist decision-makers and the general public to make more efficient and timely risk management decisions. Findings indicate that the costs are substantial, with annual health-related costs estimated to 2.8 – 4.6 billion EUR for the Nordic countries and 52 – 84 billion EUR for all EEA countries. Overall non-health costs are estimated at 46 million – 11 billion EUR for the Nordic countries.Upon request the excel spreadsheets used for the monetarisation and valuation in this report can also be provided along with a guidance on how to use the estimation of costs for value transfer. Please contact any of the consultants or members of the steering group from the Swedish Chemicals Agency or the Danish Environmental Protection Agency if you are interested in receiving these excel spreadsheets.

Neuroendocrinology of Behavior and Emotions

Author : Heather K. Caldwell
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031511123
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuroendocrinology of Behavior and Emotions by : Heather K. Caldwell

Download or read book Neuroendocrinology of Behavior and Emotions written by Heather K. Caldwell and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Prenatal and Postnatal Care

Author : Karen Grace
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119852692
Total Pages : 868 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (198 download)

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Book Synopsis Prenatal and Postnatal Care by : Karen Grace

Download or read book Prenatal and Postnatal Care written by Karen Grace and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-11-20 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prenatal and Postnatal Care Situate pregnancy in the emotional and physical life of the whole person with this bestselling guide Prenatal and postnatal care are important and dynamic areas in healthcare research and practice. The needs of the childbearing person before and after birth are complex and intensely personal, combining significant physiological impact with broader emotional needs. In order to supply optimal care, providers must account not only for physiological factors, but also for cultural, social, experiential, and psychological ones. Prenatal and Postnatal Care takes a holistic, person-centered approach to prenatal and postnatal care. Emphasizing the pregnant person and their unique needs, this book presents prenatal and postnatal care as foundational care for a healthy start to family life. This accessible, comprehensive book provides unique knowledge and skills to practitioners so that they can make a positive difference to the people they serve. Readers of the third edition of Prenatal and Postnatal Care will also find: New chapters covering health equity, ethics in perinatal care, exercise, and more All chapters updated to reflect evidence concerning health disparities and inequities Concrete ways for clinicians to disrupt the systems of harm and exclusion that can mediate care at every level Prenatal and Postnatal Care is essential for midwives, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and other healthcare providers who work with childbearing people.

Finding a Path to Safety in Food Allergy

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309450314
Total Pages : 575 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Finding a Path to Safety in Food Allergy by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Finding a Path to Safety in Food Allergy written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-05-27 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 20 years, public concerns have grown in response to the apparent rising prevalence of food allergy and related atopic conditions, such as eczema. Although evidence on the true prevalence of food allergy is complicated by insufficient or inconsistent data and studies with variable methodologies, many health care experts who care for patients agree that a real increase in food allergy has occurred and that it is unlikely to be due simply to an increase in awareness and better tools for diagnosis. Many stakeholders are concerned about these increases, including the general public, policy makers, regulatory agencies, the food industry, scientists, clinicians, and especially families of children and young people suffering from food allergy. At the present time, however, despite a mounting body of data on the prevalence, health consequences, and associated costs of food allergy, this chronic disease has not garnered the level of societal attention that it warrants. Moreover, for patients and families at risk, recommendations and guidelines have not been clear about preventing exposure or the onset of reactions or for managing this disease. Finding a Path to Safety in Food Allergy examines critical issues related to food allergy, including the prevalence and severity of food allergy and its impact on affected individuals, families, and communities; and current understanding of food allergy as a disease, and in diagnostics, treatments, prevention, and public policy. This report seeks to: clarify the nature of the disease, its causes, and its current management; highlight gaps in knowledge; encourage the implementation of management tools at many levels and among many stakeholders; and delineate a roadmap to safety for those who have, or are at risk of developing, food allergy, as well as for others in society who are responsible for public health.

Toxicological Effects of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

Author : Jamie C. DeWitt
Publisher : Humana Press
ISBN 13 : 3319155180
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicological Effects of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances by : Jamie C. DeWitt

Download or read book Toxicological Effects of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances written by Jamie C. DeWitt and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2015-04-14 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a timely and comprehensive overview of the latest science for perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), covering the development of methods for assessing PFASs in biological fluids and tissues as well as the current knowledge regarding their toxicity to vertebrate organisms. This book includes chapters on human and wildlife exposure/body burdens, reviews of metabolism and toxicological effects by organ system/developmental stage and aspects of PFAS toxicity that are driving PFAS research and regulatory oversight. Toxicological Effects of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances provide critical assessments of the most controversial topics surrounding toxicological evaluation of PFASs to give readers an expert perspective on the issues. Emphasis is placed on the integration of modes and mechanisms of action with functional endpoints that are relevant to human and wildlife health. This book will be a useful resource for toxicologists, environmental chemists, risk assessors and researchers with an interest in the class of compounds known as perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances.

Environmental Health Literacy

Author : Symma Finn
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319941089
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Health Literacy by : Symma Finn

Download or read book Environmental Health Literacy written by Symma Finn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-12 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores various and distinct aspects of environmental health literacy (EHL) from the perspective of investigators working in this emerging field and their community partners in research. Chapters aim to distinguish EHL from health literacy and environmental health education in order to classify it as a unique field with its own purposes and outcomes. Contributions in this book represent the key aspects of communication, dissemination and implementation, and social scientific research related to environmental health sciences and the range of expertise and interest in EHL. Readers will learn about the conceptual framework and underlying philosophical tenets of EHL, and its relation to health literacy and communications research. Special attention is given to topics like dissemination and implementation of culturally relevant environmental risk messaging, and promotion of EHL through visual technologies. Authoritative entries by experts also focus on important approaches to advancing EHL through community-engaged research and by engaging teachers and students at an early age through developing innovative STEM curriculum. The significance of theater is highlighted by describing the use of an interactive theater experience as an approach that enables community residents to express themselves in non-verbal ways.

Science and Decisions

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309120462
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Decisions by : National Research Council

Download or read book Science and Decisions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-24 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.