Growing Explanations

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Author :
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780822333197
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (331 download)

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Book Synopsis Growing Explanations by : M. Norton Wise

Download or read book Growing Explanations written by M. Norton Wise and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2004-11-24 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For much of the twentieth century scientists sought to explain objects and processes by reducing them to their components—nuclei into protons and neutrons, proteins into amino acids, and so on—but over the past forty years there has been a marked turn toward explaining phenomena by building them up rather than breaking them down. This collection reflects on the history and significance of this turn toward “growing explanations” from the bottom up. The essays show how this strategy—based on a widespread appreciation for complexity even in apparently simple processes and on the capacity of computers to simulate such complexity—has played out in a broad array of sciences. They describe how scientists are reordering knowledge to emphasize growth, change, and contingency and, in so doing, are revealing even phenomena long considered elementary—like particles and genes—as emergent properties of dynamic processes. Written by leading historians and philosophers of science, these essays examine the range of subjects, people, and goals involved in changing the character of scientific analysis over the last several decades. They highlight the alternatives that fields as diverse as string theory, fuzzy logic, artificial life, and immunology bring to the forms of explanation that have traditionally defined scientific modernity. A number of the essays deal with the mathematical and physical sciences, addressing concerns with hybridity and the materials of the everyday world. Other essays focus on the life sciences, where questions such as “What is life?” and “What is an organism?” are undergoing radical re-evaluation. Together these essays mark the contours of an ongoing revolution in scientific explanation. Contributors. David Aubin, Amy Dahan Dalmedico, Richard Doyle, Claus Emmeche, Peter Galison, Stefan Helmreich, Ann Johnson, Evelyn Fox Keller, Ilana Löwy, Claude Rosental, Alfred Tauber

Growing Explanations

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Author :
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822390086
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Growing Explanations by : M. Norton Wise

Download or read book Growing Explanations written by M. Norton Wise and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2004-11-24 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For much of the twentieth century scientists sought to explain objects and processes by reducing them to their components—nuclei into protons and neutrons, proteins into amino acids, and so on—but over the past forty years there has been a marked turn toward explaining phenomena by building them up rather than breaking them down. This collection reflects on the history and significance of this turn toward “growing explanations” from the bottom up. The essays show how this strategy—based on a widespread appreciation for complexity even in apparently simple processes and on the capacity of computers to simulate such complexity—has played out in a broad array of sciences. They describe how scientists are reordering knowledge to emphasize growth, change, and contingency and, in so doing, are revealing even phenomena long considered elementary—like particles and genes—as emergent properties of dynamic processes. Written by leading historians and philosophers of science, these essays examine the range of subjects, people, and goals involved in changing the character of scientific analysis over the last several decades. They highlight the alternatives that fields as diverse as string theory, fuzzy logic, artificial life, and immunology bring to the forms of explanation that have traditionally defined scientific modernity. A number of the essays deal with the mathematical and physical sciences, addressing concerns with hybridity and the materials of the everyday world. Other essays focus on the life sciences, where questions such as “What is life?” and “What is an organism?” are undergoing radical re-evaluation. Together these essays mark the contours of an ongoing revolution in scientific explanation. Contributors. David Aubin, Amy Dahan Dalmedico, Richard Doyle, Claus Emmeche, Peter Galison, Stefan Helmreich, Ann Johnson, Evelyn Fox Keller, Ilana Löwy, Claude Rosental, Alfred Tauber

Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems. Theory and Foundations

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319914731
Total Pages : 835 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems. Theory and Foundations by : Jesús Medina

Download or read book Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems. Theory and Foundations written by Jesús Medina and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-30 with total page 835 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This three volume set (CCIS 853-855) constitutes the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, IPMU 2017, held in Cádiz, Spain, in June 2018. The 193 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 383 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on advances on explainable artificial intelligence; aggregation operators, fuzzy metrics and applications; belief function theory and its applications; current techniques to model, process and describe time series; discrete models and computational intelligence; formal concept analysis and uncertainty; fuzzy implication functions; fuzzy logic and artificial intelligence problems; fuzzy mathematical analysis and applications; fuzzy methods in data mining and knowledge discovery; fuzzy transforms: theory and applications to data analysis and image processing; imprecise probabilities: foundations and applications; mathematical fuzzy logic, mathematical morphology; measures of comparison and entropies for fuzzy sets and their extensions; new trends in data aggregation; pre-aggregation functions and generalized forms of monotonicity; rough and fuzzy similarity modelling tools; soft computing for decision making in uncertainty; soft computing in information retrieval and sentiment analysis; tri-partitions and uncertainty; decision making modeling and applications; logical methods in mining knowledge from big data; metaheuristics and machine learning; optimization models for modern analytics; uncertainty in medicine; uncertainty in Video/Image Processing (UVIP).

The Rise and Fall of American Growth

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Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400888956
Total Pages : 785 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rise and Fall of American Growth by : Robert J. Gordon

Download or read book The Rise and Fall of American Growth written by Robert J. Gordon and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-29 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How America's high standard of living came to be and why future growth is under threat In the century after the Civil War, an economic revolution improved the American standard of living in ways previously unimaginable. Electric lighting, indoor plumbing, motor vehicles, air travel, and television transformed households and workplaces. But has that era of unprecedented growth come to an end? Weaving together a vivid narrative, historical anecdotes, and economic analysis, The Rise and Fall of American Growth challenges the view that economic growth will continue unabated, and demonstrates that the life-altering scale of innovations between 1870 and 1970 cannot be repeated. Gordon contends that the nation's productivity growth will be further held back by the headwinds of rising inequality, stagnating education, an aging population, and the rising debt of college students and the federal government, and that we must find new solutions. A critical voice in the most pressing debates of our time, The Rise and Fall of American Growth is at once a tribute to a century of radical change and a harbinger of tougher times to come.

The Growth of Government Expenditure

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451922841
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis The Growth of Government Expenditure by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book The Growth of Government Expenditure written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the extensive empirical literature on the growth and determinants of government expenditure. Although the coverage does not aim to be exhaustive, the authors provide an overview of the quantitative approaches to analyzing the growth in government expenditure. The main debates in the literature are described, and the authors present a few tests of some theories and describe one or two of their own experiments in others. The paper highlights the data problems and the technical difficulties of hypothesis testing and model estimation in this area, many arising from the nature of the problem studied. It is contended that the quantitative analysis of government expenditure growth has often improved the formulation of hypotheses, but that data and theoretical limitations have meant that the methods employed have not always been justified.

Analysis of Senior Management Teams that Have Demonstrated a Proclivity for Growth

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Author :
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 1445742330
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (457 download)

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Book Synopsis Analysis of Senior Management Teams that Have Demonstrated a Proclivity for Growth by : David Thomas

Download or read book Analysis of Senior Management Teams that Have Demonstrated a Proclivity for Growth written by David Thomas and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2010-04-20 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a PhD thesis that is highly relevant to anyone involved in management. It identifies and analyses in depth the key constructs of leadership, teamwork and enterprise that are vital for a successful 'growth' business. The focus is on leadership, enterprise and the make-up of senior management teams, but the research outcomes can equally be applied to any management team environment, such as committees, working groups, panels, or administrative bodies. Critically, an unsuitable leader will almost guarantee failure, so having the ability to recognise leaders that are capable of delivering success is crucial. This book is invaluable for those people who need to understand how leadership, teamwork and enterprise interact to create dynamic and highly successful management teams.

Systems Biology

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780080475271
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (752 download)

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Book Synopsis Systems Biology by : Fred Boogerd

Download or read book Systems Biology written by Fred Boogerd and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-03-20 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systems biology is a vigorous and expanding discipline, in many ways a successor to genomics and perhaps unprecedented in its combination of biology with a great many other sciences, from physics to ecology, from mathematics to medicine, and from philosophy to chemistry. Studying the philosophical foundations of systems biology may resolve a longer standing issue, i.e., the extent to which Biology is entitled to its own scientific foundations rather than being dominated by existing philosophies. * Answers the question of what distinguishes the living from the non-living * An in-depth look to a vigorous and expanding discipline, from molecule to system * Explores the region between individual components and the system

The Organization of the Expert Society

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Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317365127
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis The Organization of the Expert Society by : Andreas werr

Download or read book The Organization of the Expert Society written by Andreas werr and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is often claimed that we live in an expert society, a society where more and more individuals take expert roles in increasingly narrow fields. In contrast to more traditional experts most of these new experts lack generally accepted mechanisms for the certification and legitimation of their expertise. This book focuses on these new as well as established experts and the efforts undertaken to secure and legitimate their expertise. We view these efforts as organizing attempts and study them on four different levels – the society, the market, the organization and the individual. Based on empirical studies on these four levels of analysis, The Organization of the Expert Society makes the argument that current organizing initiatives in the expert society are based in an objectifying view of expertise that risks concealing and downplaying key aspects of expertise. Well-intended organizing initiatives in the expert society thus run the risk of promoting ignorance rather than securing expertise. Focusing on a current, general and global phenomenon, the rise and organization of an expert society. The Organization of the Expert Society will be key reading for scholars, academics and policy makers in the management fields of Organizational Theory, Management Consulting, Organizations & Society, Critical Management Studies as well as the disciplines of Sociology, Political Science and Social Anthropology.

Arbitrary Lines

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Author :
Publisher : Island Press
ISBN 13 : 1642832545
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (428 download)

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Book Synopsis Arbitrary Lines by : M. Nolan Gray

Download or read book Arbitrary Lines written by M. Nolan Gray and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2022-06-21 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It's time for America to move beyond zoning, argues city planner M. Nolan Gray in Arbitrary Lines: How Zoning Broke the American City and How to Fix It. With lively explanations, Gray shows why zoning abolition is a necessary--if not sufficient--condition for building more affordable, vibrant, equitable, and sustainable cities. Gray lays the groundwork for this ambitious cause by clearing up common misconceptions about how American cities regulate growth and examining four contemporary critiques of zoning (its role in increasing housing costs, restricting growth in our most productive cities, institutionalizing racial and economic segregation, and mandating sprawl). He sets out some of the efforts currently underway to reform zoning and charts how land-use regulation might work in the post-zoning American city. Arbitrary Lines is an invitation to rethink the rules that will continue to shape American life--where we may live or work, who we may encounter, how we may travel. If the task seems daunting, the good news is that we have nowhere to go but up

The Quantum of Explanation

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351792474
Total Pages : 558 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis The Quantum of Explanation by : Randall E. Auxier

Download or read book The Quantum of Explanation written by Randall E. Auxier and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-31 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Quantum of Explanation advances a bold new theory of how explanation ought to be understood in philosophical and cosmological inquiries. Using a complete interpretation of Alfred North Whitehead’s philosophical and mathematical writings and an interpretive structure that is essentially new, Auxier and Herstein argue that Whitehead has never been properly understood, nor has the depth and breadth of his contribution to the human search for knowledge been assimilated by his successors. This important book effectively applies Whitehead’s philosophy to problems in the interpretation of science, empirical knowledge, and nature. It develops a new account of philosophical naturalism that will contribute to the current naturalism debate in both Analytic and Continental philosophy. Auxier and Herstein also draw attention to some of the most important differences between the process theology tradition and Whitehead’s thought, arguing in favor of a Whiteheadian naturalism that is more or less independent of theological concerns. This book offers a clear and comprehensive introduction to Whitehead’s philosophy and is an essential resource for students and scholars interested in American philosophy, the philosophy of mathematics and physics, and issues associated with naturalism, explanation and radical empiricism.

The Rational Southerner

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199873836
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rational Southerner by : M. V. Hood III

Download or read book The Rational Southerner written by M. V. Hood III and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-05-05 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1950, the South has undergone the most dramatic political transformation of any region in the United States. The once Solid-meaning Democratic-South is now overwhelmingly Republican, and long-disenfranchised African Americans vote at levels comparable to those of whites. In The Rational Southerner, M.V. Hood III, Quentin Kidd, and Irwin L. Morris argue that local strategic dynamics played a decisive and underappreciated role in both the development of the Southern Republican Party and the mobilization of the region's black electorate. Mobilized blacks who supported the Democratic Party made it increasingly difficult for conservative whites to maintain control of the Party's machinery. Also, as local Republican Party organizations became politically viable, the strategic opportunities that such a change provided made the GOP an increasingly attractive alternative for white conservatives. Blacks also found new opportunities within the Democratic Party as whites fled to the GOP, especially in the deep South, where large black populations had the potential to dominate state and local Democratic Parties. As a result, Republican Party viability also led to black mobilization. Using the theory of relative advantage, Hood, Kidd, and Morris provide a new perspective on party system transformation. Following a theoretically-informed description of recent partisan dynamics in the South, they demonstrate, with decades of state-level, sub-state, and individual-level data, that GOP organizational strength and black electoral mobilization were the primary determinants of political change in the region. The authors' finding that race was, and still is, the primary driver behind political change in the region stands in stark contrast to recent scholarship which points to in-migration, economic growth, or religious factors as the locus of transition. The Rational Southerner contributes not only to the study of Southern politics, but to our understanding of party system change, racial politics, and the role that state and local political dynamics play in the larger context of national politics and policymaking.

CISF Head Constable 15 Practice Sets and Solved Papers Book for 2021 Exam with Latest Pattern and Detailed Explanation by Rama Publishers

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Author :
Publisher : Rama
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis CISF Head Constable 15 Practice Sets and Solved Papers Book for 2021 Exam with Latest Pattern and Detailed Explanation by Rama Publishers by : Rama

Download or read book CISF Head Constable 15 Practice Sets and Solved Papers Book for 2021 Exam with Latest Pattern and Detailed Explanation by Rama Publishers written by Rama and published by Rama. This book was released on 2023-02-04 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Life-Course of Serious and Violent Youth Grown Up

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 100043026X
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Life-Course of Serious and Violent Youth Grown Up by : Evan C. McCuish

Download or read book The Life-Course of Serious and Violent Youth Grown Up written by Evan C. McCuish and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-06-30 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Life-Course of Serious and Violent Youth Grown Up addresses significant gaps in the literature on youth involved in chronic, serious, and violent offending. Through longitudinal research and a long follow-up into adulthood, it challenges common perceptions about offending outcomes. Using theoretically grounded, methodologically sophisticated and empirically driven research, this book culminates 20 years of data emerging from the Incarcerated Serious and Violent Young Offender Study (ISVYOS). Initiated in 1998 to understand the origins of serious and violent youth offending, it follows 1,719 formerly incarcerated youth through adulthood and offers a contemporary perspective to questions about chronic offending in adolescence and social and offending outcomes in adulthood. The authors provide a theoretically framed examination of new findings from the ISVYOS regarding participants’ justice system involvement, from onset to persistence to desistance. Most participants experienced continued involvement in the justice system in adulthood. However, contrary to past literature, ISVYOS findings challenge static descriptions of chronic offending and notions of the youth "super predator". ISVYOS findings also challenge assertions that experiences and risk factors in childhood and adolescence are not informative of adult justice system involvement. Together, the findings call for a more humanistic approach that recognizes that the complex lives of individuals formerly incarcerated in adolescence implies that desistance does not happen by default. This book will be of great interest to scholars, researchers, and students of forensic psychology, developmental and life course criminology, youth justice, and violent crime.

Distribution of Employment Growth in 10 Georgia Counties

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Distribution of Employment Growth in 10 Georgia Counties by : Daniel L. Milkove

Download or read book Distribution of Employment Growth in 10 Georgia Counties written by Daniel L. Milkove and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Grow

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Author :
Publisher : Crown Currency
ISBN 13 : 0307720373
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Grow by : Jim Stengel

Download or read book Grow written by Jim Stengel and published by Crown Currency. This book was released on 2011-12-27 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ten years of research uncover the secret source of growth and profit … Those who center their business on improving people’s lives have a growth rate triple that of competitors and outperform the market by a huge margin. They dominate their categories, create new categories and maximize profit in the long term. Pulling from a unique ten year growth study involving 50,000 brands, Jim Stengel shows how the world's 50 best businesses—as diverse as Method, Red Bull, Lindt, Petrobras, Samsung, Discovery Communications, Visa, Zappos, and Innocent—have a cause and effect relationship between financial performance and their ability to connect with fundamental human emotions, hopes, values and greater purposes. In fact, over the 2000s an investment in these companies—“The Stengel 50”—would have been 400 percent more profitable than an investment in the S&P 500. Grow is based on unprecedented empirical research, inspired (when Stengel was Global Marketing Officer of Procter & Gamble) by a study of companies growing faster than P&G. After leaving P&G in 2008, Stengel designed a new study, in collaboration with global research firm Millward Brown Optimor. This study tracked the connection over a ten year period between financial performance and customer engagement, loyalty and advocacy. Then, in a further investigation of what goes on in the “black box” of the consumer’s mind, Stengel and his team tapped into neuroscience research to look at customer engagement and measure subconscious attitudes to determine whether the top businesses in the Stengel Study were more associated with higher ideals than were others. Grow thus deftly blends timeless truths about human behavior and values into an action framework – how you discover, build, communicate, deliver and evaluate your ideal. Through colorful stories drawn from his fascinating personal experiences and “deep dives” that bring out the true reasons for such successes as the Pampers, HP, Discovery Channel, Jack Daniels and Zappos, Grow unlocks the code for twenty-first century business success.

Oswaal NCERT One for All for UPSC and State PSC's Indian History Classes 6 to 12 (Old and New NCERT Edition) (For 2023-2024 Exam)

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Author :
Publisher : Oswaal Books and Learning Private Limited
ISBN 13 : 9357286969
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (572 download)

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Book Synopsis Oswaal NCERT One for All for UPSC and State PSC's Indian History Classes 6 to 12 (Old and New NCERT Edition) (For 2023-2024 Exam) by : Oswaal Editorial Board

Download or read book Oswaal NCERT One for All for UPSC and State PSC's Indian History Classes 6 to 12 (Old and New NCERT Edition) (For 2023-2024 Exam) written by Oswaal Editorial Board and published by Oswaal Books and Learning Private Limited. This book was released on 2023-06-24 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Benefits of the book which distinguish it from others: ♦ Complete coverage of NCERT Textbook Latest Edition ♦ Useful for UPSC, State PSCs and other central & state govt. competitive exams ♦ Chapter-wise summary to cover all important points ♦ Chapter-wise NCERT-based MCQs with difficulty levels: Moderate (State PSCs and other government exams, ♦ Advanced (UPSC) and Previous years questions of all relevant exams (UPSC, State PSC and other government exams) ♦ 100% detailed solutions ♦ Questions exactly as per exam pattern

Results of Some Experiments in Pruning Fruit Trees

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Results of Some Experiments in Pruning Fruit Trees by : William Henry Chandler

Download or read book Results of Some Experiments in Pruning Fruit Trees written by William Henry Chandler and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: