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Groundwater Response To Precipitation Events Kalaloch Olympic Peninsula Washington
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Book Synopsis Groundwater Response to Precipitation Events, Kalaloch, Olympic Peninsula, Washington by : Casey R. Hanell
Download or read book Groundwater Response to Precipitation Events, Kalaloch, Olympic Peninsula, Washington written by Casey R. Hanell and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tens of thousands of square kilometers of forestland in Washington are managed as working forests, primarily for timber production. The effects of timber harvesting on physical watershed processes continue to be the subject of intense research throughout the Pacific Northwest. Watershed analyses completed in Washington during the mid-1990s resulted in significant modifications to Washington's Forest Practices Act and Rules. These measures mandate rigorous evaluation of potential effects of timber harvesting on slope stability. Although timber harvesting has been linked to an increase in surface erosion and mass wasting in the Pacific Northwest, most studies have focused on shallow landslide processes. The loss of canopy interception and evapotranspiration associated with timber harvesting and the resulting effects on groundwater levels and stability of deep-seated landslides are not well understood. In this study, I use field measurements to analyze subsurface water level rise and attenuation in response to precipitation events, and the Distributed Hydrology Soils Vegetation Model (DHSVM) to model potential changes in hydrology resulting from clearcut timber harvesting. The research site is a portion of a moderately steep watershed (2 sq-km) located 6 km southeast of Kalaloch, WA on the coast of the Olympic Peninsula. Slope gradients generally measure between 30 and 50 percent, with localized steeper and gentler slopes. Ten wells at the site are instrumented with pressure transducers that record hourly subsurface water levels. I use onsite and nearby precipitation measurements and pressure transducer data to characterize groundwater level response characteristics at the site between February 2005 and February 2007. This analysis shows subsurface water levels rise and attenuate rapidly in response to precipitation and usually reach peak levels within hours after the onset of precipitation and attenuate within days, regardless of the magnitude of the event. I also use Kendall's tau correlation analysis (Kendall, 1938) to evaluate the relationship between cumulative precipitation for a given event and peak well water level for the same event. Kendall's tau values were most significant for between 3 hours and 13 hours of cumulative onsite precipitation in 6 of the 10 wells, with all of the most significant correlations falling between 3 hours and 48 hours with the exception of one well which had no significant correlations. Kendall's tau correlation between subsurface water levels and open air precipitation measurements made at the nearby Black Knob Weather Station and linear regression analysis were also most significant with hours of cumulative precipitation as opposed to days or weeks. The DHSVM results show a 27.4 percent reduction in evapotranspiration when the research basin vegetation is converted from an entirely forested condition to an entirely shrub-covered condition with all other variables constant. This reduction in evapotranspiration is modeled to result in a slight increase in streamflow and a slight increase in soil moisture and groundwater level for the two year period from February 2005 through February 2007. The majority of this decrease in evapotranspiration and increase in streamflow and subsurface water occurs during the spring and early summer when evapotranspiration rates are high and water levels are below modeled maximum peak levels.
Book Synopsis Water Scarcity, Contamination and Management by : Ashwani Kumar Tiwari
Download or read book Water Scarcity, Contamination and Management written by Ashwani Kumar Tiwari and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-10-15 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Scarcity, Contamination, and Management presents new and updated material, including case studies, step-by-step guidance on key procedures and protocols, and timely topics such as climate change and integrated water resource management. This book is divided into three key sections. Section 1—Water Resource Scarcity—focuses on sustainable development and management of water resources and techniques and methods for improving water use efficiency. Section 2—Contamination of Water Resources—focuses on understanding the quality of water resources, migration of pollutant sources, geochemical processes, groundwater depletion, and seasonal variations in contaminant concentration, water resources’ quality status, and associated human health risks. Section 3—Water Resource Management—considers a consolidated and coordinated approach to find the solution to water resource issues. Presenting a comprehensive overview of the water management field, the book serves as a valuable reference for students, professors, scholars, researchers, and consultants in the fields of water resources, civil engineering, environmental science and engineering, and hydrology. Provides an overview of the current status of water resources utilization, the likely scenario of future demands, and the advantages and disadvantages of systems techniques Includes numerous examples and real-world case studies Presents the roles of remote sensing and GIS in solving the water resource crisis
Book Synopsis Shallow Groundwater Response to Rainfall in a Hillslope Hollow, Western Washington State by : Terry L. Butler
Download or read book Shallow Groundwater Response to Rainfall in a Hillslope Hollow, Western Washington State written by Terry L. Butler and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Technology Transfer Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :112 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (243 download)
Book Synopsis Erosion and Sediment Control: Planning by : United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Technology Transfer
Download or read book Erosion and Sediment Control: Planning written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Technology Transfer and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Late Pleistocene and Holocene Environmental Change on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington by : Daniel G. Gavin
Download or read book Late Pleistocene and Holocene Environmental Change on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington written by Daniel G. Gavin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-25 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study brings together decades of research on the modern natural environment of Washington's Olympic Peninsula, reviews past research on paleoenvironmental change since the Late Pleistocene, and finally presents paleoecological records of changing forest composition and fire over the last 14,000 years. The focus of this study is on the authors’ studies of five pollen records from the Olympic Peninsula. Maps and other data graphics are used extensively. Paleoecology can effectively address some of these challenges we face in understanding the biotic response to climate change and other agents of change in ecosystems. First, species responses to climate change are mediated by changing disturbance regimes. Second, biotic hotspots today suggest a long-term maintenance of diversity in an area, and researchers approach the maintenance of diversity from a wide range and angles (CITE). Mountain regions may maintain biodiversity through significant climate change in ‘refugia’: locations where components of diversity retreat to and expand from during periods of unfavorable climate (Keppel et al., 2012). Paleoecological studies can describe the context for which biodiversity persisted through time climate refugia. Third, the paleoecological approach is especially suited for long-lived organisms. For example, a tree species that may typically reach reproductive sizes only after 50 years and remain fertile for 300 years, will experience only 30 to 200 generations since colonizing a location after Holocene warming about 11,000 years ago. Thus, by summarizing community change through multiple generations and natural disturbance events, paleoecological studies can examine the resilience of ecosystems to disturbances in the past, showing how many ecosystems recover quickly while others may not (Willis et al., 2010).
Book Synopsis Analysis of Low Flows and Selected Methods for Estimating Low-flow Characteristics at Partial-record and Ungaged Stream Sites in Western Washington by : Christopher A. Curran
Download or read book Analysis of Low Flows and Selected Methods for Estimating Low-flow Characteristics at Partial-record and Ungaged Stream Sites in Western Washington written by Christopher A. Curran and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Submerged Landscapes of the European Continental Shelf by : Nicholas C. Flemming
Download or read book Submerged Landscapes of the European Continental Shelf written by Nicholas C. Flemming and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-08-07 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quaternary Paleoenvironments examines the drowned landscapes exposed as extensive and attractive territory for prehistoric human settlement during the Ice Ages of the Pleistocene, when sea levels dropped to 120m-135m below their current levels. This volume provides an overview of the geological, geomorphological, climatic and sea-level history of the European continental shelf as a whole, as well as a series of detailed regional reviews for each of the major sea basins. The nature and variable attractions of the landscapes and resources available for human exploitation are examined, as are the conditions under which archaeological sites and landscape features are likely to have been preserved, destroyed or buried by sediment during sea-level rise. The authors also discuss the extent to which we can predict where to look for drowned landscapes with the greatest chance of success, with frequent reference to examples of preserved prehistoric sites in different submerged environments. Quaternary Paleoenvironments will be of interest to archaeologists, geologists, marine scientists, palaeoanthropologists, cultural heritage managers, geographers, and all those with an interest in the drowned landscapes of the continental shelf.
Book Synopsis A Guide to Regional Groundwater Flow in Fractured Rock Aquifers by : Peter G. Cook
Download or read book A Guide to Regional Groundwater Flow in Fractured Rock Aquifers written by Peter G. Cook and published by CSIRO Publishing. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes field methods for measuring rates of groundwater flow in fractured rock aquifers and draws heavily on results of three recent studies in the Clare Valley, South Australia; Atherton Tablelands, Queensland; and Wagga Wagga, NSW.
Book Synopsis The Relativity of Wrong by : Isaac Asimov
Download or read book The Relativity of Wrong written by Isaac Asimov and published by . This book was released on 1995-12-07 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A journey from the human mind to the outer universe explores such topics as the gravitational effects of the Moon, the future of interstellar space travel, and the incredible Planet X. Reprint.
Book Synopsis Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-basalt Province by : Stephen P. Reidel
Download or read book Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-basalt Province written by Stephen P. Reidel and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 1989 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Site Characterization Report for the Basalt Waste Isolation Project by :
Download or read book Site Characterization Report for the Basalt Waste Isolation Project written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Natural History of the New World by : Alan Graham
Download or read book A Natural History of the New World written by Alan Graham and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Natural History of the New World traces the evolution of plant ecosystems, beginning in the Late Cretaceous period and ending in the present, charting their responses to changes in geology and climate.
Book Synopsis Upstream by : National Research Council
Download or read book Upstream written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-07-17 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of salmon to the Pacific Northwestâ€"economic, recreational, symbolicâ€"is enormous. Generations ago, salmon were abundant from central California through Idaho, Oregon, and Washington to British Columbia and Alaska. Now they have disappeared from about 40 percent of their historical range. The decline in salmon numbers has been lamented for at least 100 years, but the issue has become more widespread and acute recently. The Endangered Species Act has been invoked, federal laws have been passed, and lawsuits have been filed. More than $1 billion has been spent to improve salmon runsâ€"and still the populations decline. In this new volume a committee with diverse expertise explores the complications and conflicts surrounding the salmon problemâ€"starting with available data on the status of salmon populations and an illustrative case study from Washington state's Willapa Bay. The book offers specific recommendations for salmon rehabilitation that take into account the key role played by genetic variability in salmon survival and the urgent need for habitat protection and management of fishing. The committee presents a comprehensive discussion of the salmon problem, with a wealth of informative graphs and charts and the right amount of historical perspective to clarify today's issues, including: Salmon biology and geographyâ€"their life's journey from fresh waters to the sea and back again to spawn, and their interaction with ecosystems along the way. The impacts of human activitiesâ€"grazing, damming, timber, agriculture, and population and economic growth. Included is a case study of Washington state's Elwha River dam removal project. Values, attitudes, and the conflicting desires for short-term economic gain and long-term environmental health. The committee traces the roots of the salmon problem to the extractive philosophy characterizing management of land and water in the West. The impact of hatcheries, which were introduced to build fish stocks but which have actually harmed the genetic variability that wild stocks need to survive. This book offers something for everyone with an interest in the salmon issueâ€"policymakers and regulators in the United States and Canada; environmental scientists; environmental advocates; natural resource managers; commercial, tribal, and recreational fishers; and concerned residents of the Pacific Northwest.
Book Synopsis Advances in Quaternary Entomology by : Scott A. Elias
Download or read book Advances in Quaternary Entomology written by Scott A. Elias and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-08-18 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Quaternary Entomology addresses the science of fossil insects by demonstrating their immense contribution to our knowledge of the paleoenvironmental and climatological record of the past 2.6 million years. In this comprehensive survey of the field, Scott A. Elias recounts development of scholarship, reviews the fossil insect record from Quaternary deposits throughout the world, and points to rewarding areas for future research. The study of Quaternary entomology is becoming an important tool in understanding past environmental changes. Most insects are quite specific as to habitat requirements, and those in non-island environments have undergone almost no evolutionary change in the Quaternary period. We therefore can use their modern ecological requirements as a basis for interpreting what past environments must have been like. Describes and identifies principal characteristics of fossil insect groups of the Quaternary period Ties Quaternary insect studies to the larger field of paleoecology Offers global coverage of the subject with specific regional examples Illustrates specific methods and procedures for conducting research in Quaternary Entomology Offers unique insight into overlying trends and broader implications of Quaternary climate change based on insect life of the period
Author :The Law The Law Library Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781729665817 Total Pages :208 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (658 download)
Book Synopsis Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants - Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for Bull Trout in the Coterminous United States (Us Fish and Wildlife Service Regulation) (Fws) (2018 Edition) by : The Law The Law Library
Download or read book Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants - Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for Bull Trout in the Coterminous United States (Us Fish and Wildlife Service Regulation) (Fws) (2018 Edition) written by The Law The Law Library and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-11-04 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants - Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for Bull Trout in the Coterminous United States (US Fish and Wildlife Service Regulation) (FWS) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants - Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for Bull Trout in the Coterminous United States (US Fish and Wildlife Service Regulation) (FWS) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, are revising critical habitat for the bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act). We are designating a total of 31,750.8 km (19,729.0 mi) of streams (which includes 1,213.2 km (754.0 mi) of marine shoreline) and are designating a total of 197,589.2 ha (488,251.7 ac) of reservoirs and lakes. The areas designated as critical habitat are located in the States of Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Idaho, and Montana. This book contains: - The complete text of the Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants - Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for Bull Trout in the Coterminous United States (US Fish and Wildlife Service Regulation) (FWS) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section
Book Synopsis Olympic National Park by : Tim McNulty
Download or read book Olympic National Park written by Tim McNulty and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renowned for its old-growth rain forest, wilderness coast, and glaciated peaks, Olympic National Park is a living laboratory for ecological renewal, especially as the historic Elwha River basin regenerates in the wake of dam removal. In this classic guide to the park, Tim McNulty invites us into the natural and human history of these nearly million acres, from remote headwaters to roadside waterfalls, from shipwreck sites to Native American historical settlements and contemporary resource stewardship, along the way detailing the park’s unique plant and animal life. McNulty reminds us that though “the mountains and rivers remain ‘timeless,’ our understanding of the lifeforms that inhabit them—and the effects our actions have on their future—is an ongoing, ever deepening story.” Color photographs Practical advice on how to make the most of your visit Handy flora and fauna species checklists Inspiring descriptions of endangered species recovery Detailed look at Elwha River restoration after dam removal
Book Synopsis Alluvial Geoarchaeology by : A. G. Brown
Download or read book Alluvial Geoarchaeology written by A. G. Brown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-03-27 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive technical manual aimed at archaeologists, physical geographers, geologists and environmental scientists.
