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Government And Research
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Book Synopsis Funding a Revolution by : National Research Council
Download or read book Funding a Revolution written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-02-11 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past 50 years have witnessed a revolution in computing and related communications technologies. The contributions of industry and university researchers to this revolution are manifest; less widely recognized is the major role the federal government played in launching the computing revolution and sustaining its momentum. Funding a Revolution examines the history of computing since World War II to elucidate the federal government's role in funding computing research, supporting the education of computer scientists and engineers, and equipping university research labs. It reviews the economic rationale for government support of research, characterizes federal support for computing research, and summarizes key historical advances in which government-sponsored research played an important role. Funding a Revolution contains a series of case studies in relational databases, the Internet, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality that demonstrate the complex interactions among government, universities, and industry that have driven the field. It offers a series of lessons that identify factors contributing to the success of the nation's computing enterprise and the government's role within it.
Book Synopsis Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology by : National Research Council
Download or read book Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-11-22 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States faces a new challengeâ€"maintaining the vitality of its system for supporting science and technology despite fiscal stringency during the next several years. To address this change, the Senate Appropriations Committee requested a report from the National Academies of Sciences and Engineering and the Institute of Medicine to address "the criteria that should be used in judging the appropriate allocation of funds to research and development activities; to examine the appropriate balance among different types of institutions that conduct such research; and to look at the means of assuring continued objectivity in the allocation process." In this eagerly-awaited book, a committee of experts selected by the National Academies and the Institute responds with 13 recommendations that propose a new budgeting process and formulates a series of questions to address during that process. The committee also makes corollary recommendations about merit review, government oversight, linking research and development to government missions, the synergy between research and education, and other topics. The recommendations are aimed at rooting out obsolete and inadequate activities to free resources from good programs for even better ones, in the belief that "science and technology will be at least as important in the future as they have been in the past in dealing with problems that confront the nation." The authoring committee of this book was chaired by Frank Press, former President of the National Academy of Sciences (1981-1993) and Presidential Science and Technology Advisor (1977-1981).
Author :Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309517982 Total Pages :95 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis Evaluating Federal Research Programs by : Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy
Download or read book Evaluating Federal Research Programs written by Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-02-24 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), passed by Congress in 1993, requires that federal agencies write five-year strategic plans with annual performance goals and produce an annual report that demonstrates whether the goals have been met. The first performance reports are due in March 2000. Measuring the performance of basic research is particularly challenging because major breakthroughs can be unpredictable and difficult to assess in the short term. This book recommends that federal agencies use an "expert review" method to examine the quality of research they support, the relevance of that research to their mission, and whether the research is at the international forefront of scientific and technological knowledge. It also addresses the issues of matching evaluation measurements to the character of the research performed, improving coordination among agencies when research is in the same field, and including a human resource development component in GPRA strategic and performance plans.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Government Research Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :248 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Federal Research and Development Programs by : United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Government Research
Download or read book Federal Research and Development Programs written by United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Government Research and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Risk Assessment in the Federal Government by : National Research Council
Download or read book Risk Assessment in the Federal Government written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1983-02-01 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The regulation of potentially hazardous substances has become a controversial issue. This volume evaluates past efforts to develop and use risk assessment guidelines, reviews the experience of regulatory agencies with different administrative arrangements for risk assessment, and evaluates various proposals to modify procedures. The book's conclusions and recommendations can be applied across the entire field of environmental health.
Book Synopsis Innovations in Government by : Sandford F. Borins
Download or read book Innovations in Government written by Sandford F. Borins and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Brookings Institution Press and Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation publication The Innovations in American Government Awards Program began in 1985 with a grant from the Ford Foundation to the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard to conduct a program of awards for innovations in state and local government. The foundation's objective was ambitious and, in an era of "government is the problem" rhetoric, determinedly proactive. It sought to counter declining public confidence in government by highlighting innovative and effective programs. Over twenty years later, research, recognition, and replication are the source of the program's continuing influence and its vitality. What is the future of government innovation? How can innovation enhance the quality of life for citizens and strengthen democratic governance? Innovations in Government: Research, Recognition, and Replication answers these questions by presenting a comprehensive approach to advancing the practice and study of innovation in government. The authors discuss new research on innovation, explore the impact of several programs that recognize innovation, and consider challenges to the replication of innovations. Contributors include Eugene Bardach (University of California–Berkeley), Robert Behn (Harvard University), John D. Donahue (Harvard University), Marta Ferreira Santos Farah (Center for Public Administration and Government, Fundação Getulio Vargas), Archon Fung (Harvard University), Jean Hartley (University of Warwick), Steven Kelman (Harvard University), Gowher Rizvi (Ash Institute for Democratic Governance and Innovation, Harvard University), Peter Spink (Center for Public Administration and Government, Fundação Getulio Vargas), and Jonathan Walters (Governing).
Book Synopsis Protean Power by : Peter J. Katzenstein
Download or read book Protean Power written by Peter J. Katzenstein and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inquires into the role of the unexpected in world politics by examining the protean power effects of agile innovation and improvisation.
Book Synopsis Government and Research by : Maurice Kogan
Download or read book Government and Research written by Maurice Kogan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a flare-up in interest in science policy and a key factor in this is the increased interest in analysing the role that research can play in informing policy making. A pioneering venture in this field was Government and Research: The Rothschild Experiment in a Government Department (1983) Heinemann. No other work had penetrated the deepest recesses of government to observe at first hand the attempts of a major department to determine its research agenda through collaboration with leading scientists in a wide range of fields, to observe how research was commissioned, and then evaluated by scientific teams, and how it began to enter the policy blood streams of the departments. This revised and augmented version updates the original text for current policy concerns and takes account of changes in science policy studies, whilst preserving its essential themes. It contains a succinct account of where matters now stand as well as an extended analysis of the themes that continue to dominate research and science policy. "Finally, the rest of the world has caught up with Kogan and Henkel. Twenty-five years ago their ground-breaking study of the UK's Department of Health led them to conclude that sustained interaction between scientists and bureaucrats was the key to unleashing the value of science for the policy process. I found the first edition of this book the single most compelling and comprehensive treatment of this complex interaction. They may have felt like voices in the wilderness then; today, however, they can take their rightful place as pre-cursors and leaders of what has become a mass-movement for 'evidence-based policy'. This re-issued and significantly updated edition, includes many recent initiatives that they and colleague Steve Hanney might rightfully claim as their offspring. The timeliness of the current edition only serves to highlight just how far ahead of their time they really were." Dr Jonathan Lomas, Chief Executive Officer of the Canadian Health Services Research Foundation.
Author :Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309581907 Total Pages :240 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis The Future of Public Health by : Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health
Download or read book The Future of Public Health written by Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-01-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Nation has lost sight of its public health goals and has allowed the system of public health to fall into 'disarray'," from The Future of Public Health. This startling book contains proposals for ensuring that public health service programs are efficient and effective enough to deal not only with the topics of today, but also with those of tomorrow. In addition, the authors make recommendations for core functions in public health assessment, policy development, and service assurances, and identify the level of government--federal, state, and local--at which these functions would best be handled.
Book Synopsis Evaluating Federal Research Programs by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Evaluating Federal Research Programs written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-02-10 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), passed by Congress in 1993, requires that federal agencies write five-year strategic plans with annual performance goals and produce an annual report that demonstrates whether the goals have been met. The first performance reports are due in March 2000. Measuring the performance of basic research is particularly challenging because major breakthroughs can be unpredictable and difficult to assess in the short term. This book recommends that federal agencies use an "expert review" method to examine the quality of research they support, the relevance of that research to their mission, and whether the research is at the international forefront of scientific and technological knowledge. It also addresses the issues of matching evaluation measurements to the character of the research performed, improving coordination among agencies when research is in the same field, and including a human resource development component in GPRA strategic and performance plans.
Book Synopsis Research Handbook on E-Government by : Welch, Eric W.
Download or read book Research Handbook on E-Government written by Welch, Eric W. and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-10-15 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: E-government is an increasingly well-established and wide-ranging field, in which there has been an explosion of new technologies, applications, and data resulting in new challenges and opportunities for e-government research and practice. This Research Handbook advances research in the field of e-government by first recognizing its roots and documenting its growth and progress. It investigates the advent and implications of new technologies, and structures the content around core topics of service, management, engagement and access. Two additional sections examine the role of e-government in developing countries and smart cities.
Book Synopsis Cooperative Research and Development: The Industry—University—Government Relationship by : Albert N. Link
Download or read book Cooperative Research and Development: The Industry—University—Government Relationship written by Albert N. Link and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We must all hang together or surely we will all hang separately. Benjamin Franklin The significant apathy that characterized relationships between indus try and universities and the adversarial nature of relationships between industry and government have both faded rapidly in the 1980s as the realities of global competition have surfaced in the United States. Both industry and government leaders articulate a number of constructs for regaining our competitiveness in world markets. One of the more fre quent strategies prescribed in this new competitiveness era is cooperation. Different individuals or groups may espouse different definitions, inter pretations, or areas of emphasis, but the overall importance of this concept is substantial. Although examples of cooperative research have existed for several decades, the number and variety of relationships have expanded rapidly in the 1980s as corporations, universities, and governments have embraced this strategy. Joint ventures involving two or three firms increased from under 200 per year in the 1970s to over 400 per year by the mid-1980s. Multiple-firm cooperative arrangements are a more recent phenomenon, made possible by the National Cooperative Research Act of 1984. By mid- 1988,81 of these industry-level consortia had formed under the provisions of the 1984 Act. The rapid growth in cooperative research and development (R&D) is primarily a response to the pressures of international competition. As a corporate strategy, cooperative R&D meets short-term needs for assets to implement new approaches for coping with intensifying competition.
Book Synopsis The Institute for Government Research by : Brookings Institution. Institute for Government Research
Download or read book The Institute for Government Research written by Brookings Institution. Institute for Government Research and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis U.S. Government Research Reports by :
Download or read book U.S. Government Research Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-09-16 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collaborations of physicians and researchers with industry can provide valuable benefits to society, particularly in the translation of basic scientific discoveries to new therapies and products. Recent reports and news stories have, however, documented disturbing examples of relationships and practices that put at risk the integrity of medical research, the objectivity of professional education, the quality of patient care, the soundness of clinical practice guidelines, and the public's trust in medicine. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice provides a comprehensive look at conflict of interest in medicine. It offers principles to inform the design of policies to identify, limit, and manage conflicts of interest without damaging constructive collaboration with industry. It calls for both short-term actions and long-term commitments by institutions and individuals, including leaders of academic medical centers, professional societies, patient advocacy groups, government agencies, and drug, device, and pharmaceutical companies. Failure of the medical community to take convincing action on conflicts of interest invites additional legislative or regulatory measures that may be overly broad or unduly burdensome. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice makes several recommendations for strengthening conflict of interest policies and curbing relationships that create risks with little benefit. The book will serve as an invaluable resource for individuals and organizations committed to high ethical standards in all realms of medicine.
Book Synopsis Innovation and Public Policy by : Austan Goolsbee
Download or read book Innovation and Public Policy written by Austan Goolsbee and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2022-03-25 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A calculation of the social returns to innovation /Benjamin F. Jones and Lawrence H. Summers --Innovation and human capital policy /John Van Reenen --Immigration policy levers for US innovation and start-ups /Sari Pekkala Kerr and William R. Kerr --Scientific grant funding /Pierre Azoulay and Danielle Li --Tax policy for innovation /Bronwyn H. Hall --Taxation and innovation: what do we know? /Ufuk Akcigit and Stefanie Stantcheva --Government incentives for entrepreneurship /Josh Lerner.
Book Synopsis The Politics of Happiness by : Derek Bok
Download or read book The Politics of Happiness written by Derek Bok and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-26 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the principal findings of happiness researchers, assesses the strengths and weaknesses of such research, and looks at how governments could use results when formulating policies to improve the lives of citizens.
