Global Inequality And American Foreign Policy In The 1970s

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Global Inequality and American Foreign Policy in the 1970s

Author : Michael Franczak
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 150176392X
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Inequality and American Foreign Policy in the 1970s by : Michael Franczak

Download or read book Global Inequality and American Foreign Policy in the 1970s written by Michael Franczak and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2022-06-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Global Inequality and American Foreign Policy in the 1970s, Michael Franczak demonstrates how Third World solidarity around the New International Economic Order (NIEO) forced US presidents from Richard Nixon to Ronald Reagan to consolidate American hegemony over an international economic order under attack abroad and lacking support at home. The goal of the nations that supported NIEO was to negotiate a redistribution of money and power from the global North to the global South. Their weapon was control over the major commodities—in particular oil—that undergirded the prosperity of the United States and Europe after World War II. Using newly available archival sources, as well as interviews with key administration officials, Franczak reveals how the NIEO and "North-South dialogue" negotiations brought global inequality to the forefront of US national security. The challenges posed by NIEO became an inflection point for some of the greatest economic, political, and moral crises of 1970s America, including the end of golden age liberalism and the return of the market, the splintering of the Democratic Party and the building of the Reagan coalition, and the rise of human rights in US foreign policy in the wake of the Vietnam War. The policy debates and decisions toward the NIEO were pivotal moments in the histories of three ideological trends—neoliberalism, neoconservatism, and human rights—that formed the core of America's post–Cold War foreign policy.

Global Inequality and American Foreign Policy in the 1970s

Author : Michael Franczak
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501763938
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Inequality and American Foreign Policy in the 1970s by : Michael Franczak

Download or read book Global Inequality and American Foreign Policy in the 1970s written by Michael Franczak and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2022-06-15 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Global Inequality and American Foreign Policy in the 1970s, Michael Franczak demonstrates how Third World solidarity around the New International Economic Order (NIEO) forced US presidents from Richard Nixon to Ronald Reagan to consolidate American hegemony over an international economic order under attack abroad and lacking support at home. The goal of the nations that supported NIEO was to negotiate a redistribution of money and power from the global North to the global South. Their weapon was control over the major commodities—in particular oil—that undergirded the prosperity of the United States and Europe after World War II. Using newly available archival sources, as well as interviews with key administration officials, Franczak reveals how the NIEO and "North-South dialogue" negotiations brought global inequality to the forefront of US national security. The challenges posed by NIEO became an inflection point for some of the greatest economic, political, and moral crises of 1970s America, including the end of golden age liberalism and the return of the market, the splintering of the Democratic Party and the building of the Reagan coalition, and the rise of human rights in US foreign policy in the wake of the Vietnam War. The policy debates and decisions toward the NIEO were pivotal moments in the histories of three ideological trends—neoliberalism, neoconservatism, and human rights—that formed the core of America's post–Cold War foreign policy.

The 1970s

Author : Thomas Borstelmann
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069115791X
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis The 1970s by : Thomas Borstelmann

Download or read book The 1970s written by Thomas Borstelmann and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-24 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compelling framework for understanding the importance of the 1970s for America and the world The 1970s looks at an iconic decade when the cultural left and economic right came to the fore in American society and the world at large. While many have seen the 1970s as simply a period of failures epitomized by Watergate, inflation, the oil crisis, global unrest, and disillusionment with military efforts in Vietnam, Thomas Borstelmann creates a new framework for understanding the period and its legacy. He demonstrates how the 1970s increased social inclusiveness and, at the same time, encouraged commitments to the free market and wariness of government. As a result, American culture and much of the rest of the world became more—and less—equal. Borstelmann explores how the 1970s forged the contours of contemporary America. Military, political, and economic crises undercut citizens' confidence in government. Free market enthusiasm led to lower taxes, a volunteer army, individual 401(k) retirement plans, free agency in sports, deregulated airlines, and expansions in gambling and pornography. At the same time, the movement for civil rights grew, promoting changes for women, gays, immigrants, and the disabled. And developments were not limited to the United States. Many countries gave up colonial and racial hierarchies to develop a new formal commitment to human rights, while economic deregulation spread to other parts of the world, from Chile and the United Kingdom to China. Placing a tempestuous political culture within a global perspective, The 1970s shows that the decade wrought irrevocable transformations upon American society and the broader world that continue to resonate today.

A Superpower Transformed

Author : Daniel J. Sargent
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195395476
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis A Superpower Transformed by : Daniel J. Sargent

Download or read book A Superpower Transformed written by Daniel J. Sargent and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geopolitics and globalization collided in the 1970s, and their collision produced difficult challenges for the makers of American foreign policy. 'A Superpower Transformed' explains how policymakers across three administrations worked to manage complex international changes in a tumultuous era, and it explores the legacies of their efforts to accommodate American power to new forces stirring in world affairs.

Histories of Global Inequality

Author : Christian Olaf Christiansen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 303019163X
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Histories of Global Inequality by : Christian Olaf Christiansen

Download or read book Histories of Global Inequality written by Christian Olaf Christiansen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-09 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that inequality is not just about numbers, but is also about lived, historical experience. It supplements economic research and offers a comprehensive stocktaking of existing thinking on global inequality and its historical development. The book is interdisciplinary, drawing upon regional and national perspectives from around the world while seeking to capture the multidimensionality and multi-causality of global inequalities. Grappling with what economics offers – as well as its blind spots – the study focuses on some of today’s most relevant and pressing themes: discrimination and human rights, defences and critiques of inequality in history, decolonization, international organizations, gender theory, the history of quantification of inequality and the history of economic thought. The historical case studies featured respond to the need for wider historical research and to calls to examine global inequality in a more holistic manner. The Introduction 'Chapter 1 Histories of Global Inequality: Introduction' is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license via link.springer.com.

Global Inequality

Author : Branko Milanovic
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 067473713X
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (747 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Inequality by : Branko Milanovic

Download or read book Global Inequality written by Branko Milanovic and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Bruno Kreisky Prize, Karl Renner Institut A Financial Times Best Economics Book of the Year An Economist Best Book of the Year A Livemint Best Book of the Year One of the world’s leading economists of inequality, Branko Milanovic presents a bold new account of the dynamics that drive inequality on a global scale. Drawing on vast data sets and cutting-edge research, he explains the benign and malign forces that make inequality rise and fall within and among nations. He also reveals who has been helped the most by globalization, who has been held back, and what policies might tilt the balance toward economic justice. “The data [Milanovic] provides offer a clearer picture of great economic puzzles, and his bold theorizing chips away at tired economic orthodoxies.” —The Economist “Milanovic has written an outstanding book...Informative, wide-ranging, scholarly, imaginative and commendably brief. As you would expect from one of the world’s leading experts on this topic, Milanovic has added significantly to important recent works by Thomas Piketty, Anthony Atkinson and François Bourguignon...Ever-rising inequality looks a highly unlikely combination with any genuine democracy. It is to the credit of Milanovic’s book that it brings out these dangers so clearly, along with the important global successes of the past few decades. —Martin Wolf, Financial Times

The History of American Foreign Policy from 1895

Author : Jerald A. Combs
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1003862438
Total Pages : 702 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of American Foreign Policy from 1895 by : Jerald A. Combs

Download or read book The History of American Foreign Policy from 1895 written by Jerald A. Combs and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-04-01 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its fifth edition, this volume offers a clear, concise, and nuanced history of U.S. foreign relations since the Spanish–American War and places that narrative within the context of the most influential historiographical trends and debates. The History of American Foreign Policy from 1895 includes both revised and new sections that incorporate insights from recent scholarship on the United States in the world. These sections devote more attention to the international framework as well as the domestic constraints under which American foreign policymakers operated. This edition also emphasizes the role of non-state actors such as missionaries, aid workers, activists, and business leaders in shaping policies and contributing to international relations. As a result, the text considers a broader and more diverse range of people and voices than many other histories of U.S. foreign policy. Expanded final chapters bring the story of U.S. foreign relations to the present and explore some of the contemporary challenges facing American and global leaders, including terrorism, the effects of climate change, China’s increasing influence, and globalization. Updated controversial issues sections and suggestions for further reading at the end of each chapter reflect important contributions from new studies. This engaging text is an invaluable resource for students interested in the history of American foreign policy and international relations.

Made in China

Author : Elizabeth O’Brien Ingleson
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674296796
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis Made in China by : Elizabeth O’Brien Ingleson

Download or read book Made in China written by Elizabeth O’Brien Ingleson and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2024-03-19 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surprising story of how Cold War foes found common cause in transforming China’s economy into a source of cheap labor, creating the economic interdependence that characterizes our world today. For centuries, the vastness of the Chinese market tempted foreign companies in search of customers. But in the 1970s, when the United States and China ended two decades of Cold War isolation, China’s trade relations veered in a very different direction. Elizabeth Ingleson shows how the interests of US business and the Chinese state aligned to reframe the China market: the old dream of plentiful customers gave way to a new vision of low-cost workers by the hundreds of millions. In the process, the world’s largest communist state became an indispensable component of global capitalism. Drawing on Chinese- and English-language sources, including previously unexplored corporate papers, Ingleson traces this transformation to the actions of Chinese policymakers, US diplomats, maverick entrepreneurs, Chinese American traders, and executives from major US corporations including Boeing, Westinghouse, J. C. Penney, and Chase Manhattan Bank. Long before Walmart and Apple came to China, businesspeople such as Veronica Yhap, Han Fanyu, Suzanne Reynolds, and David Rockefeller instigated a trade revolution with lasting consequences. And while China’s economic reorganization was essential to these connections, Ingleson also highlights an underappreciated but crucial element of the convergence: the US corporate push for deindustrialization and its embrace by politicians. Reexamining two of the most significant transformations of the 1970s—US-China rapprochement and deindustrialization in the United States—Made in China takes bilateral trade back to its faltering, uncertain beginnings, identifying the tectonic shifts in diplomacy, labor, business, and politics in both countries that laid the foundations of today’s globalized economy.

Inequality in America

Author : Uri B. Dadush
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815724217
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Inequality in America by : Uri B. Dadush

Download or read book Inequality in America written by Uri B. Dadush and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inequality in America provides a snapshot of the issues posed by growing economic disparity, focusing particularly on America but drawing on international comparisons to help set the context. The authors examine the economic, technological, and political drivers of inequality as well as identify worrying trends associated with its rise, making the issues surrounding income distribution accessible to a wider public.

No Globalization Without Representation

Author : Paul Adler
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812299663
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis No Globalization Without Representation by : Paul Adler

Download or read book No Globalization Without Representation written by Paul Adler and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2021-05-28 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amid the mass protests of the 1960s, another, less heralded political force arose: public interest progressivism. Led by activists like Ralph Nader, organizations of lawyers and experts worked "inside the system." They confronted corporate power and helped win major consumer and environmental protections. By the late 1970s, some public interest groups moved beyond U.S. borders to challenge multinational corporations. This happened at the same time that neoliberalism, a politics of empowerment for big business, gained strength in the U.S. and around the world. No Globalization Without Representation is the story of how consumer and environmental activists became significant players in U.S. and world politics at the twentieth century's close. NGOs like Friends of the Earth and Public Citizen helped forge a progressive coalition that lobbied against the emerging neoliberal world order and in favor of what they called "fair globalization." From boycotting Nestlé in the 1970s to lobbying against NAFTA to the "Battle of Seattle" protests against the World Trade Organization in the 1990s, these groups have made a profound mark. This book tells their stories while showing how public interest groups helped ensure that a version of liberalism willing to challenge corporate power did not vanish from U.S. politics. Public interest groups believed that preserving liberalism at home meant confronting attempts to perpetuate conservative policies through global economic rules. No Globalization Without Representation also illuminates how professionalized organizations became such a critical part of liberal activism—and how that has affected the course of U.S. politics to the present day.

The Anticolonial Transnational

Author : Erez Manela
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009359126
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis The Anticolonial Transnational by : Erez Manela

Download or read book The Anticolonial Transnational written by Erez Manela and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-08-24 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first to explore transnational anticolonialism as a general global phenomenon that spanned the entire twentieth century. Its collected essays model both a broadening of the issues under consideration and the collaboration necessary to do justice to the scope of this vibrant field. They showcase new work by scholars who explore the anticolonial transnational in multiple geographical regions, from a variety of perspectives, and at many different times across the long twentieth century. Revealing that anticolonial movements everywhere in this period were invariably transnational in terms of their imaginaries, mobilities, and networks, these essays also demonstrate that centering transnational connections can change our understanding of the anticolonial past. The legacies of transnational anticolonial strategies and networks fundamentally shaped the present. Together, these essays present a fresh, kaleidoscopic view of the geographical, chronological, and thematic possibilities of the global anticolonial transnational.

The Cambridge History of America and the World: Volume 4, 1945 to the Present

Author : David C. Engerman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108317855
Total Pages : 903 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge History of America and the World: Volume 4, 1945 to the Present by : David C. Engerman

Download or read book The Cambridge History of America and the World: Volume 4, 1945 to the Present written by David C. Engerman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-03 with total page 903 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth volume of The Cambridge History of America and the World examines the heights of American global power in the mid-twentieth century and how challenges from at home and abroad altered the United States and its role in the world. The second half of the twentieth century marked the pinnacle of American global power in economic, political, and cultural terms, but even as it reached such heights, the United States quickly faced new challenges to its power, originating both domestically and internationally. Highlighting cutting-edge ideas from scholars from all over the world, this volume anatomizes American power as well as the counters and alternatives to 'the American empire.' Topics include US economic and military power, American culture overseas, human rights and humanitarianism, third-world internationalism, immigration, communications technology, and the Anthropocene.

Completing Humanity

Author : Umut Özsu
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108427693
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Completing Humanity by : Umut Özsu

Download or read book Completing Humanity written by Umut Özsu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the history of the rise and fall of the twentieth century's last major attempt to decolonize international law.

To Bring the Good News to All Nations

Author : Lauren Frances Turek
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501748939
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis To Bring the Good News to All Nations by : Lauren Frances Turek

Download or read book To Bring the Good News to All Nations written by Lauren Frances Turek and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-15 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When American evangelicals flocked to Latin America, Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe in the late twentieth century to fulfill their Biblical mandate for global evangelism, their experiences abroad led them to engage more deeply in foreign policy activism at home. Lauren Frances Turek tracks these trends and illuminates the complex and significant ways in which religion shaped America's role in the late–Cold War world. In To Bring the Good News to All Nations, she examines the growth and influence of Christian foreign policy lobbying groups in the United States beginning in the 1970s, assesses the effectiveness of Christian efforts to attain foreign aid for favored regimes, and considers how those same groups promoted the imposition of economic and diplomatic sanctions on those nations that stifled evangelism. Using archival materials from both religious and government sources, To Bring the Good News to All Nations links the development of evangelical foreign policy lobbying to the overseas missionary agenda. Turek's case studies—Guatemala, South Africa, and the Soviet Union—reveal the extent of Christian influence on American foreign policy from the late 1970s through the 1990s. Evangelical policy work also reshaped the lives of Christians overseas and contributed to a reorientation of U.S. human rights policy. Efforts to promote global evangelism and support foreign brethren led activists to push Congress to grant aid to favored, yet repressive, regimes in countries such as Guatemala while imposing economic and diplomatic sanctions on nations that persecuted Christians, such as the Soviet Union. This advocacy shifted the definitions and priorities of U.S. human rights policies with lasting repercussions that can be traced into the twenty-first century.

Failure to Adjust

Author : Edward Alden
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538109093
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Failure to Adjust by : Edward Alden

Download or read book Failure to Adjust written by Edward Alden and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Updated edition with a new foreword on the Trump administration's trade policy* The vast benefits promised by the supporters of globalization, and by their own government, have never materialized for many Americans. In Failure to Adjust Edward Alden provides a compelling history of the last four decades of US economic and trade policies that have left too many Americans unable to adapt to or compete in the current global marketplace. He tells the story of what went wrong and how to correct the course. Originally published on the eve of the 2016 presidential election, Alden’s book captured the zeitgeist that would propel Donald J. Trump to the presidency. In a new introduction to the paperback edition, Alden addresses the economic challenges now facing the Trump administration, and warns that economic disruption will continue to be among the most pressing issues facing the United States. If the failure to adjust continues, Alden predicts, the political disruptions of the future will be larger still.

The Trilateral Commission and Global Governance

Author : Dino Knudsen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317392078
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis The Trilateral Commission and Global Governance by : Dino Knudsen

Download or read book The Trilateral Commission and Global Governance written by Dino Knudsen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-12 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first analysis of the Trilateral Commission and its role in global governance and contemporary diplomacy. In 1973, David Rockefeller and Zbigniew Brzezinski founded the Trilateral Commission. Involving highly influential people from business and politics in the US, Western Europe, and Japan, the Commission was soon preceived as constituting an embryonic or even shadow world government. As the first researcher to have accessed the Commission’s archives, the author argues that this study demonstrates that global governance and international diplomacy should be considered a product of overlapping elite networks that merge informal and formal spheres across national borders. This work has three immediate aims: to trace the background, origins, purposes, characteristics, and modus operandi of the Commission; to investigate the elite aspect of the Commission and how this related to democracy; and to demonstrate how the Commission contributed to diplomatic practices and policy-formulation at national and international levels. The overall purpose of this book is to evaluate the significance of the Trilateral Commission, with particular focus on the implications of its activities on the way we understand decision-making processes and diplomacy in modern, democratic societies. This book will be of much interest to students of the Cold War, US foreign policy, diplomacy studies, and IR in general

Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality

Author : Ms. Era Dabla-Norris
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513547437
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality by : Ms. Era Dabla-Norris

Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality written by Ms. Era Dabla-Norris and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.