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Germany And The Gold Standard
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Book Synopsis Destabilizing the Global Monetary System: Germany’s Adoption of the Gold Standard in the Early 1870s by : Mr.Johannes Wiegand
Download or read book Destabilizing the Global Monetary System: Germany’s Adoption of the Gold Standard in the Early 1870s written by Mr.Johannes Wiegand and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1871-73, newly unified Germany adopted the gold standard, replacing the silver-based currencies that had been prevalent in most German states until then. The reform sparked a series of steps in other countries that ultimately ended global bimetallism, i.e., a near-universal fixed exchange rate system in which (mostly) France stabilized the exchange value between gold and silver currencies. As a result, silver currencies depreciated sharply, and severe deflation ensued in the gold block. Why did Germany switch to gold and set the train of destructive events in motion? Both a review of the contemporaneous debate and statistical evidence suggest that it acted preemptively: the Australian and Californian gold discoveries of around 1850 had greatly increased the global supply of gold. By the mid-1860s, gold threatened to crowd out silver money in France, which would have severed the link between gold and silver currencies. Without reform, Germany would thus have risked exclusion from the fixed exchange rate system that tied together the major industrial economies. Reform required French accommodation, however. Victory in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870/71 allowed Germany to force accommodation, but only until France settled the war indemnity and regained sovereignty in late 1873. In this situation, switching to gold was superior to adopting bimetallism, as it prevented France from derailing Germany’s reform ex-post.
Book Synopsis A Retrospective on the Classical Gold Standard, 1821-1931 by : Michael D. Bordo
Download or read book A Retrospective on the Classical Gold Standard, 1821-1931 written by Michael D. Bordo and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-02-15 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a timely review of the gold standard covering the 110 years of its operation until 1931, when Britain abandoned it in the midst of the Depression. Current dissatisfaction with floating rates of exchange has spurred interest in a return to a commodity standard. The studies in this volume were designed to gain a better understanding of the historical gold standard, but they also throw light on the question of whether restoring it today could help cure inflation, high interest rates, and low productivity growth. The volume includes a review of the literature on the classical gold standard; studies the experience with gold in England, Germany, Italy, Sweden, and Canada; and perspectives on international linkages and the stability of price-level trends under the gold standard. The articles and commentaries reflect strong, conflicting views among hte participants on issues of central bank behavior, purchasing-power an interest-rate parity, independent monetary policies, economic growth, the "Atlantic economy," and trends in commodity prices and long-term interest rates. This is a thoughtful and provocative book.
Book Synopsis The Gold Standard at the Turn of the Twentieth Century by : Steven Bryan
Download or read book The Gold Standard at the Turn of the Twentieth Century written by Steven Bryan and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-31 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the end of the nineteenth century, the world was ready to adopt the gold standard out of concerns of national power, prestige, and anti-English competition. Yet although the gold standard allowed countries to enact a virtual single world currency, the years before World War I were not a time of unfettered liberal economics and one-world, one-market harmony. Outside of Europe, the gold standard became a tool for nationalists and protectionists primarily interested in growing domestic industry and imperial expansion. This overlooked trend, provocatively reassessed in Steven Bryan's well-documented history, contradicts our conception of the gold standard as a British-based system infused with English ideas, interests, and institutions. In countries like Japan and Argentina, where nationalist concerns focused on infant-industry protection and the growth of military power, the gold standard enabled the expansion of trade and the goals of the age: industry and empire. Bryan argues that these countries looked less to Britain and more to North America and the rest of Europe for ideological models. Not only does this history challenge our idealistic notions of the prewar period, but it also reorients our understanding of the history that followed. Policymakers of the 1920s latched onto the idea that global prosperity before World War I was the result of a system dominated by English liberalism. Their attempt to reproduce this triumph helped bring about the global downturn, the Great Depression, and the collapse of the interwar world.
Book Synopsis Battles for the Standard by : Ted Wilson
Download or read book Battles for the Standard written by Ted Wilson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2000. This is a history of the monetary developments in the international economy of the 19th century. It reviews the monetary developments in the core economies of the period: Britain, the United States, France, Germany, and also India. Particular attention is given to the expansion of the gold standard in the context of the intense national and international debates about the role of precious metals and the author also examines the conflict between supporters of gold, silver and bimetallism, both in terms of competing financial and economic theories and in terms of the varying social and cultural backgrounds that informed them. The main thrust of the work is that the sheer plurality of ideas and contexts helped to ensure the eventual victory of the gold standard, despite the inherent superiority of bimetallic systems.
Book Synopsis Money and Empire by : Marcello De Cecco
Download or read book Money and Empire written by Marcello De Cecco and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exchange, Prices, and Production in Hyper-inflation by : Frank Dunstone Graham
Download or read book Exchange, Prices, and Production in Hyper-inflation written by Frank Dunstone Graham and published by Ludwig von Mises Institute. This book was released on 1930 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Barry J. Eichengreen Publisher :NBER Series on Long-term Factors in Economic Development ISBN 13 :9780195101133 Total Pages :484 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (11 download)
Book Synopsis Golden Fetters by : Barry J. Eichengreen
Download or read book Golden Fetters written by Barry J. Eichengreen and published by NBER Series on Long-term Factors in Economic Development. This book was released on 1992 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a reassessment of the international monetary problems that led to the global economic crisis of the 1930s. The author shows how policies, in conjunction with the imbalances created by World War I, gave rise to the global crisis of the 1930s.
Book Synopsis The Rise and Fall of the Gold Standard by : Sir Charles Morgan-Webb
Download or read book The Rise and Fall of the Gold Standard written by Sir Charles Morgan-Webb and published by Hassell Street Press. This book was released on 2021-09-09 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Book Synopsis The True Gold Standard by : Lewis E. Lehrman
Download or read book The True Gold Standard written by Lewis E. Lehrman and published by The Lehrman Institute. This book was released on 2011-10-05 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the monetary reform plan -- Introduction -- The purpose of The True Gold Standard -- The properties of gold -- Restoration of the gold dollar -- How we get from here to there -- Conclusion -- Appendix I: Excerpts from the United States Constitution -- Appendix II: Coinage Act of 1792 -- Appendix III: American monetary history in brief, price stability.
Book Synopsis Foreign Currency Volatility and the Market for French Modernist Art by : David Challis
Download or read book Foreign Currency Volatility and the Market for French Modernist Art written by David Challis and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-08-04 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreign Currency Volatility and the Market for French Modernist Art examines how the collapse of the French franc in the decades following the First World War impacted the supply and demand dynamics of the market for French modernist art.
Download or read book Lever of Empire written by Mark Metzler and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2006-03-13 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, the first full account of Japan’s financial history and the Japanese gold standard in the pivotal years before World War II, provides a new perspective on the global political dynamics of the era by placing Japan, rather than Europe, at the center of the story. Focusing on the fall of liberalism in Japan in late 1931 and the global politics of money that were at the center of the crisis, Mark Metzler asks why successive Japanese governments from 1920 to 1931 carried out policies that deliberately induced deflation and depression. His search for answers stretches from Edo to London to the ragged borderlands of the Japanese empire and from the eighteenth century to the 1950s, integrating political and monetary analysis to shed light on the complex dynamics of money, empire, and global hegemony. His detailed and broad ranging account illuminates a range of issues including Japan’s involvement in the economic dynamics that shook interwar Europe, the character of U.S. isolationism, and the rise of fascism as an international phenomenon.
Book Synopsis Financial Markets and Financial Crises by : R. Glenn Hubbard
Download or read book Financial Markets and Financial Crises written by R. Glenn Hubbard and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1991-08-13 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Warnings of the threat of an impending financial crisis are not new, but do we really know what constitutes an actual episode of crisis and how, once begun, it can be prevented from escalating into a full-blown economic collapse? Using both historical and contemporary episodes of breakdowns in financial trade, contributors to this volume draw insights from theory and empirical data, from the experience of closed and open economies worldwide, and from detailed case studies. They explore the susceptibility of American corporations to economic downturns; the origins of banking panics; and the behavior of financial markets during periods of crisis. Sever papers specifically address the current thrift crisis—including a detailed analysis of the over 500 FSLIC-insured thrifts in the southeast—and seriously challenge the value of recent measures aimed at preventing future collapse in that industry. Government economists and policy makers, scholars of industry and banking, and many in the business community will find these timely papers an invaluable reference.
Book Synopsis France and the Breakdown of the Bretton Woods International Monetary System by : Ms.Dominique Simard
Download or read book France and the Breakdown of the Bretton Woods International Monetary System written by Ms.Dominique Simard and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-10-01 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IMF Working Papers series is designed to make IMF staff research available to a wide audience. Almost 300 Working Papers are released each year, covering a wide range of theoretical and analytical topics, including balance of payments, monetary and fiscal issues, global liquidity, and national and international economic developments.
Book Synopsis The Euro and the Battle of Ideas by : Markus K. Brunnermeier
Download or read book The Euro and the Battle of Ideas written by Markus K. Brunnermeier and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How philosophical differences between Eurozone nations led to the Euro crisis—and where to go from here Why is Europe’s great monetary endeavor, the Euro, in trouble? A string of economic difficulties in Eurozone nations has left observers wondering whether the currency union can survive. In this book, Markus Brunnermeier, Harold James, and Jean-Pierre Landau argue that the core problem with the Euro lies in the philosophical differences between the founding countries of the Eurozone, particularly Germany and France. But the authors also show how these seemingly incompatible differences can be reconciled to ensure Europe’s survival. Weaving together economic analysis and historical reflection, The Euro and the Battle of Ideas provides a forensic investigation and a road map for Europe’s future.
Book Synopsis Europe's Century of Crises Under Dollar Hegemony by : Brendan Brown
Download or read book Europe's Century of Crises Under Dollar Hegemony written by Brendan Brown and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book showcases written dialogue from Brendan Brown and Philippe Simonnot on the subject of European monetary turmoil past and present and what hope there could be for future reform. Starting with the collapse of the gold standard in 1914, proceeding to the brief gold-dollar standard of the mid inter-war years, on to the collapse of Bretton Woods and the heyday of the Deutsche mark and ultimately discussing the euro, this book looks at a broad range of financial history alongside many new and provoking hypotheses about the devastating monetary turbulence of the successive eras, always with a focus on the US monetary hegemon. A highlight of the dialogue is an exploration of how past and future crises could combine to give birth to sound money in Europe – the launch, in effect, of a new euro. In the questions and answers within these pages, the authors draw on global examples and the challenges for Europe in deciding how to adapt to successive monetary shocks from the US, crafting a book that would be of interest to general finance and economics readers alongside students, researchers, and policymakers.
Book Synopsis Germany's Gold by : Carl-Ludwig Thiele
Download or read book Germany's Gold written by Carl-Ludwig Thiele and published by . This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "How were German's gold reserves created, and what role has gold played as a means of payment over time? ... The Deutsche Bundesbank's project to bring substantial gold holdings to Frankfurt am Main from storage locations in New York and Paris has generated a great deal of public interest over the past few years. This book is the first of its kind to provide a detailed account of how the gold in the Bundesbank's vaults came into being and how it has been used and stored over time. Splendid images of selected gold bars provide a beautiful backdrop to in-depth informtion on the properties of gold and how it is mined and processed"--Back of dust jacket.
Book Synopsis Do Old Habits Die Hard? Central Banks and the Bretton Woods Gold Puzzle by : Eric Monnet
Download or read book Do Old Habits Die Hard? Central Banks and the Bretton Woods Gold Puzzle written by Eric Monnet and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-07-24 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did monetary authorities hold large gold reserves under Bretton Woods (1944–1971) when only the US had to? We argue that gold holdings were driven by institutional memory and persistent habits of central bankers. Countries continued to back currency in circulation with gold reserves, following rules of the pre-WWII gold standard. The longer an institution spent in the gold standard (and the older the policymakers), the stronger the correlation between gold reserves and currency. Since dollars and gold were not perfect substitutes, the Bretton Woods system never worked as expected. Even after radical institutional change, history still shapes the decisions of policymakers.
