Genome Wide Association Mapping And Genomic Prediction For Resistance To Rusts Puccinia Spp In Wheat Germplasm Collections

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Genome-wide Association Mapping and Genomic Prediction for Resistance to Rusts (Puccinia Spp.) in Wheat Germplasm Collections

Author : Kebede Tadesse Muleta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (969 download)

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Book Synopsis Genome-wide Association Mapping and Genomic Prediction for Resistance to Rusts (Puccinia Spp.) in Wheat Germplasm Collections by : Kebede Tadesse Muleta

Download or read book Genome-wide Association Mapping and Genomic Prediction for Resistance to Rusts (Puccinia Spp.) in Wheat Germplasm Collections written by Kebede Tadesse Muleta and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomic selection has the potential to enhance the utilization of germplasm collections through prediction of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) for as many traits as have been measured. We assessed the effect of different population genetic properties and marker density scenarios on GEBV accuracy in the context of applying GS for wheat germplasm utilization. The results of the cross-validation tests demonstrated that prediction accuracy increased with increase in population size and marker density. The results of the current GS suggests that larger germplasm collections may be more efficiently sampled based on lower-density genotyping methods, while genetic relationships between the training and validation populations remain critical when exploiting GS to select from germplasm collections.

Genomic Prediction and Genome Wide Association Mapping for Disease Resistance in Wheat

Author : Philomin Juliana
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Genomic Prediction and Genome Wide Association Mapping for Disease Resistance in Wheat by : Philomin Juliana

Download or read book Genomic Prediction and Genome Wide Association Mapping for Disease Resistance in Wheat written by Philomin Juliana and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major food crops in the world that is grown on more land area than any other commercial crop. The demand for wheat is expected to increase by 60% by 2050 which cannot be met with the current yield gain of 1%. Hence, it is important to evaluate different strategies for increasing the genetic gain in wheat. With this focus, we evaluated two strategies, genomic prediction and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for disease resistance in CIMMYT’s international bread wheat screening nurseries (IBWSN). Our objective was to compare different prediction models for resistance to leaf rust (LR), stem rust (SR), stripe rust (STR), Septoria tritici blotch (STB), Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) and tan spot (TS) in the 45th and 46th IBWSN entries. The prediction models tested include: Least-squares (LS), genomic-BLUP (G-BLUP), Bayesian ridge regression (BRR), Bayes A (BA), Bayes B (BB), Bayes C (BC), Bayesian least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (BL), reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS) markers (RKHS-M), RKHS pedigree (RKHS-P) and RKHS markers and pedigree (RKHS-MP). The 333 lines in the 45th IBWSN and the 313 lines in the 46th IBWSN were genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing markers. For the rusts, the mean prediction accuracies were 0.74 for LR seedling, 0.56 for LR APR, 0.65 for SR APR, 0.78 for YR seedling and 0.71 for YR APR. For the leaf spotting diseases, the mean genomic prediction accuracies were 0.45 for STB APR, 0.55 for SNB seedling, 0.66 for TS seedling and 0.48 for TS APR. Using genome-wide marker based models resulted in an average of 42-48% increase in accuracy over LS. Overall, the RKHS-MP model gave the highest accuracies, while LS gave the lowest. GWAS was also performed on these traits and several significant markers and candidate genes were identified. We conclude that implementing GWAS and genomic selection in breeding for these diseases would help to achieve higher accuracies and rapid gains from selection. ...

Genome-wide Association Mapping and Genomic Prediction for Enhancing FHB Resistance in Hard Winter Wheat

Author : Jinfeng Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)

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Book Synopsis Genome-wide Association Mapping and Genomic Prediction for Enhancing FHB Resistance in Hard Winter Wheat by : Jinfeng Zhang

Download or read book Genome-wide Association Mapping and Genomic Prediction for Enhancing FHB Resistance in Hard Winter Wheat written by Jinfeng Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Genome wide association studies and genomic selection for crop improvement in the era of big data

Author : Nunzio D’Agostino
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889763382
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Genome wide association studies and genomic selection for crop improvement in the era of big data by : Nunzio D’Agostino

Download or read book Genome wide association studies and genomic selection for crop improvement in the era of big data written by Nunzio D’Agostino and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-05-05 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Wheat Landraces

Author : Nusret Zencirci
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030773884
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Wheat Landraces by : Nusret Zencirci

Download or read book Wheat Landraces written by Nusret Zencirci and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-15 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Landraces possess a very large genetic base in population structure and are dynamic populations of cultivated plants with historical origin, distinct identity, and without any formal crop improvement. They are often genetically diverse, locally adapted, and associated with traditional farming systems. Resistance genes to biotic and abiotic stress factors, which are especially diversified in landraces, are of great interest to plant breeders, faced with global climate challenge. In addition, gene pools made of different landraces grown in different ecological conditions can be used for wheat breeding to enhance quality; yield and other desirable agricultural parameters. An estimated 75% of the genetic diversity of crop plants was lost in the last century due to the replacement of high yielding modern varieties. There is, thus, an urgent need to preserve existing species, not only for posterity but also as a means to secure food supply for a rising world population. In this book, we provide an overview of wheat landraces with special attention to genetic diversities, conservation, and utilization.

A Genome-wide Association Study of Resistance to the Yellow Rust Pathogen (Puccinia Striiformis F. Sp. Tritici) in Elite UK Wheat Germplasm

Download A Genome-wide Association Study of Resistance to the Yellow Rust Pathogen (Puccinia Striiformis F. Sp. Tritici) in Elite UK Wheat Germplasm PDF Online Free

Author : Pauline Bansept
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (876 download)

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Book Synopsis A Genome-wide Association Study of Resistance to the Yellow Rust Pathogen (Puccinia Striiformis F. Sp. Tritici) in Elite UK Wheat Germplasm by : Pauline Bansept

Download or read book A Genome-wide Association Study of Resistance to the Yellow Rust Pathogen (Puccinia Striiformis F. Sp. Tritici) in Elite UK Wheat Germplasm written by Pauline Bansept and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Genomic Approaches for Mapping and Predicting Disease Resistance in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

Author : Cristiano Lemes Da Silva
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Genomic Approaches for Mapping and Predicting Disease Resistance in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) by : Cristiano Lemes Da Silva

Download or read book Genomic Approaches for Mapping and Predicting Disease Resistance in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) written by Cristiano Lemes Da Silva and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat diseases cause significant economic losses every year. To ensure global food security, newly released cultivars must possess increased levels of broadly-effective resistance against wheat pathogens, acceptable end-use quality, and high yield potential. Genetic host resistance stands out from other management strategies as the most viable option for controlling diseases. New genotyping platforms allow whole genome marker discovery at a relatively low cost, favoring the identification of novel loci underlying traits of interest. The work presented here describes genomic approaches for mapping and predicting the resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) and wheat rusts. The first study used biparental mapping to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance. A doubled haploid population (DH) was originated from a cross of Everest and WB-Cedar, which are widely grown wheat cultivars in Kansas with moderately resistant and moderately susceptible reactions to FHB, respectively. We confirmed that neither of the parents carry known large-effect QTLs, suggesting that FHB resistance is native. Eight small-effect QTLs were identified as associated with multiple mechanisms of FHB resistance. All QTLs had additive effects, providing significant improvements in levels of resistance when they were found in combinations within DH lines. In the second study, a genome-wide association mapping (GWAS) and genomic selection (GS) models were applied for FHB resistance in a panel of 962 elite lines from the K-State Wheat Breeding Program. Significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the percentage of symptomatic spikelets were identified but not reproducible across breeding panels tested in each year. Accuracy of predictions ranged from 0.25 to 0.51 depending on GS model, indicating that it can be a useful tool to increase levels of FHB resistance. GWAS and GS approaches were also applied to a historical dataset to identify loci underlying resistance to leaf and stem rust at seedling stage in a panel of elite winter wheat lines. Infection types of multiple races of wheat rusts from the last sixteen years of the Southern Regional Performance Nursery (SRPN) were used in this study. A total of 533 elite lines originating from several breeding programs were tested in the SRPN during this period of time. GWAS identified significant SNP-trait associations for wheat rusts, confirming the effectiveness of already known genes and revealing potentially novel loci associated with resistance.

Genomics-aided Breeding Strategies for Biotic Stress in Grain Legumes

Author : Ashok Kumar Parihar
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819739179
Total Pages : 524 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Genomics-aided Breeding Strategies for Biotic Stress in Grain Legumes by : Ashok Kumar Parihar

Download or read book Genomics-aided Breeding Strategies for Biotic Stress in Grain Legumes written by Ashok Kumar Parihar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Into the Unknown

Author : Lance Farley Merrick
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (454 download)

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Book Synopsis Into the Unknown by : Lance Farley Merrick

Download or read book Into the Unknown written by Lance Farley Merrick and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most widely grown cereal grain in Washington state. However, it generally takes 12 years to develop a cultivar from crossing to release, which can limit the ability for rapid improvement of traits. Genomic selection (GS) is posed to increase genetic gains by reducing the generation interval, also known as cycle time, while increasing response to selection. To fully utilize GS in breeding programs we reviewed and proposed implementing a two-part breeding strategy by differentiating population improvement and product development to increase the genetic gain of a breeding program. We then compared GS models for various scenarios for two complex traits, seedling emergence and stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Erikss.) resistance, using two training populations composed of a diverse association mapping panel and breeding lines that can be used as a guideline for the implementation of GS into breeding programs. We compared GS models for seedling emergence and showed the consistent moderate accuracy of the parametric models indicates little advantage of using non-parametric models within individual years, but the non-parametric models show a slight increase in accuracy when combing years for complex traits. We then compared single-trait and multi-trait genome-wide association (GWAS) models with covariates, and were able to identify many small effect markers, while identifying the large effect markers on chromosome 5A. Stripe rust resistance is controlled by both major and minor resistance genes, and it is recommended to combine both major and minor genes for durable resistance. We compared the accuracy of GS models with major gene and GWAS markers as fixed effects and compared them to marker-assisted selection. The major gene and GWAS markers had only a small to zero increase in prediction accuracy over the base GS models but showed a statistical increase in accuracy using major markers when the mean accuracy decreased. Further, stripe rust resistance phenotypes are commonly skewed due to high levels of resistance. We compared classification and regression models and showed that breeders can use linear and non-parametric regression models within their own breeding lines over combined years to accurately predict skewed phenotypes.

Genetics and epigenetics: Plausible role in development of climate resilient crops

Author : Vijay Gahlaut
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832520766
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetics and epigenetics: Plausible role in development of climate resilient crops by : Vijay Gahlaut

Download or read book Genetics and epigenetics: Plausible role in development of climate resilient crops written by Vijay Gahlaut and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-04-13 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Genetic mapping of resistance to race Ug99 of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, diversity analysis and identification of stem rust resistance genes in Ethiopian tetraploid wheats

Download Genetic mapping of resistance to race Ug99 of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, diversity analysis and identification of stem rust resistance genes in Ethiopian tetraploid wheats PDF Online Free

Author : Jemanesh Kifetew Haile
Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3736943253
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic mapping of resistance to race Ug99 of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, diversity analysis and identification of stem rust resistance genes in Ethiopian tetraploid wheats by : Jemanesh Kifetew Haile

Download or read book Genetic mapping of resistance to race Ug99 of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, diversity analysis and identification of stem rust resistance genes in Ethiopian tetraploid wheats written by Jemanesh Kifetew Haile and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2013-01-15 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethiopia is the second largest wheat producer in the sub-Saharan Africa. The country is rich in genetic resources of tetraploid wheat and has suitable environments for wheat production. However, the country is a net importer of wheat particularly durum wheat (hard wheat). The demand for durum wheat is continuously increasing because of the new emerging food processing industries. But the productivity of wheat in Ethiopia is low due to biotic and abiotic stresses. Among the biotic factors, diseases particularly stem rust play a significant role in yield reduction. As a result of a recent spread of a new and highly virulent race of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), Ug99, stem rust is becoming a serious threat to wheat production in Ethiopia as well as in other East African and wheat producing countries. Therefore, it is important to identify new resistance sources and to apply marker assisted selection for sustainable and efficient control stem rust. The aims of the studies included in this thesis were (i) identification of QTL and test for epistatic effects in a segregating population for resistance to stem rust, (ii) identification of stem rust resistance (Sr) genes that are present in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) varieties that were released in Ethiopia during the period 1966–2009 and tetraploid wheat landraces using linked/diagnostic molecular markers and (iii) Evaluation of genetic diversity and relationship pattern within and among these tetraploid wheat landraces and improved varieties based on SSR/STS markers including those linked with reported stem rust resistance genes and QTL. Across all the three experiments, our study demonstrates that there exist potential germplasm and strategies to combat the threat posed by Ug99 and its derivatives. These results provide useful information to wheat breeders in Ethiopia and other national and international programs, regarding the use of available landraces and released varieties for the enhancement of the genetic base of wheat germplsm. Particularly it will give an alarm for Ethiopian wheat breeders to broaden the genetic base of the varieties that will be released in the future since most of the varieties released for the last five decades have a narrow genetic base. In addition, our research provides a base of knowledge for future QTL and gene mapping conferring resistance to stem rust and the use of the linked markers in marker assisted selection.

Genomic Designing for Biotic Stress Resistant Cereal Crops

Author : Chittaranjan Kole
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030758796
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Genomic Designing for Biotic Stress Resistant Cereal Crops by : Chittaranjan Kole

Download or read book Genomic Designing for Biotic Stress Resistant Cereal Crops written by Chittaranjan Kole and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents deliberations on molecular and genomic mechanisms underlying the interactions of crop plants to the biotic stresses caused by different diseases and pests that are important to develop resistant crop varieties. Knowledge on the advanced genetic and genomic crop improvement strategies including molecular breeding, transgenics, genomic-assisted breeding, and the recently emerging genome editing for developing resistant varieties in cereal crops is imperative for addressing FHNEE (food, health, nutrition, energy, and environment) security. Whole genome sequencing of these crops followed by genotyping-by-sequencing has provided precise information regarding the genes conferring resistance useful for gene discovery, allele mining, and shuttle breeding which in turn opened up the scope for 'designing' crop genomes with resistance to biotic stresses. The eight chapters each dedicated to a cereal crop in this volume elucidate on different types of biotic stresses and their effects on and interaction with the crop; enumerate on the available genetic diversity with regard to biotic stress resistance among available cultivars; illuminate on the potential gene pools for utilization in interspecific gene transfer; present brief on classical genetics of stress resistance and traditional breeding for transferring them to their cultivated counterparts; depict the success stories of genetic engineering for developing biotic stress-resistant crop varieties; discuss on molecular mapping of genes and QTLs underlying stress resistance and their marker-assisted introgression into elite varieties; enunciate on different genomics-aided techniques including genomic selection, allele mining, gene discovery, and gene pyramiding for developing adaptive crop varieties with higher quantity and quality of yields, and also elaborate some case studies on genome editing focusing on specific genes for generating biotic stress-resistant crops.

QTL Mapping of Stem Rust Resistance Loci in Durum Wheat Populations

Author : Shitaye Homma Megerssa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis QTL Mapping of Stem Rust Resistance Loci in Durum Wheat Populations by : Shitaye Homma Megerssa

Download or read book QTL Mapping of Stem Rust Resistance Loci in Durum Wheat Populations written by Shitaye Homma Megerssa and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. & Henn is the most destructive disease of durum and common wheat. The main focus of this study is to identify loci associated with stem rust resistance in durum wheat using association mapping and linkage mapping. A panel of 283 lines and 224 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between 'Reichenbachii' and 'DAKIYE' developed by the durum wheat breeding program of the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) were used for the study. The panel was evaluated against races TTKSK, TKTTF, JRCQC and TTRTF at the seedling stage and TKTTF and JRCQC in the field in Ethiopia from 2018 to 2019 for two seasons. The same panel was evaluated against bulk of multiple stem rust races prevalent in Ethiopia and Kenya from 2018 to 2019 in five environments. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using 26,439 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for seedling response (280 lines) and field response (283 lines) to stem rust. The RILs along with the two parents were evaluated for response to bulk of multiple stem rust races in Ethiopia and Kenya for two seasons from 2019 to 2020. Linkage analyses were conducted using 843 SNP markers for 175 lines. For GWAS of seedling response, a mixed linear model (MLM) identified 17 quantitative trait loci (QTL) of which eight were putatively novel while FarmCPU identified 20 QTL and 12 were likely novel. For field resistance to races TKTTF and JRCQC, MLM detected 19 QTL of which 12 were likely novel while FarmCPU detected 16 QTL and seven were putatively novel. For resistance to multiple Pgt races in East Africa, 160 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) grouped into 42 QTL were identified using MLM and FarmCPU and 21 QTL were likely novel. From previously reported Sr genes, the regions of Sr7a, Sr8a, Sr8155B1, Sr11, Sr12, alleles of Sr13, Sr17, Sr22/Sr25, and Sr49 were identified. For the biparental population, composite interval mapping (CIM) identified three QTL on chromosomes 3B (QSr.cnl-3B), 4B (QSr.cnl-4B) and 7B (QSr.cnl-7B). These three QTL contributed by the resistant parent explained 4.7% to 15.3% of the phenotypic variation and all match previously reported loci. Lines with multiple-race stem rust resistance can be used as parents in durum wheat resistance breeding to stem rust and markers identified in the GWAS can be used in marker-assisted selection (MAS) once validated in a different population. Further study on the validation of allele specific markers and allelism tests in the Sr13 region of chromosome 6A is needed. Future evaluation of large numbers of durum wheat lines and searching for durable adult plant resistance gene is crucial in resistance breeding of durum wheat.

Genome-Wide Association Studies Combined with Genomic Selection as a Tool to Increase Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat and Its Wild Relatives

Download Genome-Wide Association Studies Combined with Genomic Selection as a Tool to Increase Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat and Its Wild Relatives PDF Online Free

Author : Sampurna Bartaula
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Genome-Wide Association Studies Combined with Genomic Selection as a Tool to Increase Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat and Its Wild Relatives by : Sampurna Bartaula

Download or read book Genome-Wide Association Studies Combined with Genomic Selection as a Tool to Increase Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat and Its Wild Relatives written by Sampurna Bartaula and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) disease worldwide. Presently, there is insufficient FHB resistance in the Canadian wheat germplasm. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) and genomic selection (GS) can be utilized to identify sources of resistance that could benefit wheat breeding. To define the genetic architecture of FHB resistance, association panels from a spring and a winter collection were evaluated using the Wheat Illumina Infinium 90K array. A total of 206 accessions from the spring panel and 73 from the winter panel were evaluated in field trials for 3-4 years at two locations, namely Morden (Manitoba) and Ottawa (Ontario). These accessions were phenotyped for FHB incidence (INC), severity (SEV), visual rating index (VRI), and deoxynivalenol (DON) content. Significant (p

Molecular Characterization of Effective Sources of Stripe Rust Resistance in Tetraploid Wheat

Author : Weizhen Liu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Characterization of Effective Sources of Stripe Rust Resistance in Tetraploid Wheat by : Weizhen Liu

Download or read book Molecular Characterization of Effective Sources of Stripe Rust Resistance in Tetraploid Wheat written by Weizhen Liu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a globally devastating disease of wheat. New Pst races overcoming the currently resistant wheat varieties and more frequent stripe rust-favorable weather conditions threaten the global wheat crops. The most economically and environmentally friendly approach to control stripe rust is to grow highly resistant cultivars with durable resistance. However, development of varieties with high levels of durable resistance has been limited by the small number of well-characterized and effective resistance genes available and technical difficulties in pyramiding several resistance genes in one plant. In order to identify more resistance genes and provide more marker-trait association information for marker-assisted selection and wheat improvement, genome-wide association mapping was conducted in cultivated emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccum), elite durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) and Ethiopian durum wheat landrace populations using the wheat 90,000 Illumina iSelect single nucleotide polymorphism array. In emmer wheat population, we identified thirty-eight loci significantly associated (P

Precise Mapping of Hessian Fly and Stripe Rust Resistance Loci in Pacific Northwest Wheat Germplasm (Triticum Aestivum L.)

Author : Esra Alwan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis Precise Mapping of Hessian Fly and Stripe Rust Resistance Loci in Pacific Northwest Wheat Germplasm (Triticum Aestivum L.) by : Esra Alwan

Download or read book Precise Mapping of Hessian Fly and Stripe Rust Resistance Loci in Pacific Northwest Wheat Germplasm (Triticum Aestivum L.) written by Esra Alwan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hessian fly and stripe rust are major pests of spring wheat in the Pacific Northwest and cultivar resistance is a primary breeding goal. Hessian fly (HF) infestations continue to cause significant yield losses in spring wheat in the Pacific Northwest. In wheat, resistance to Hessian fly is usually controlled in a gene for gene manner, similar to other pathosystems. Hessian fly resistance genes in wheat have been failing as a result to the rapid evolutionary pace of the insect. Stripe rust (denoted by Yr) is a destructive foliar disease of wheat casing damage on an annual basis. Most of the Yr named resistance genes have been overcome as a result of the continuing emergence of new virulence races. Genetic resistance remains the most effective and economical approach to minimize yield losses and respond to pathogen evolution. A doubled haploid (DH) mapping population was generated from a cross between two elite spring wheat lines; 'WA8076', and 'HT080158LU'. The DH population was genotyped with 90K SNP markers using the Illumina Infinium platform. Phenotypic assessment was carried out on the DH population for both Hessian fly and stripe rust response. The genotyping efforts resulted in a total 15,236 polymorphic SNP markers used to establish a high-density genetic map. A single Hessian fly resistance gene (HFR) derived from 'WA8076' was detected on the distal region of chromosome 6BS, flanked by two SNP markers IWB71431 and IWB61175 at a distance of 2.6 cM. In addition, a total of 13 genes/QTL were found to be associated with stripe rust resistance. The adapted superior lines with Yr resistance will be directly incorporated in subsequent breeding efforts as a durable source of resistance. The closely linked SNP markers to the resistance loci, identified in this study, will provide an effective tool to accurately identify, select, and integrate the HF and Yr resistance genes into existing wheat cultivars. The highly dense SNP-based genetic map provides useful information for fine mapping and finding candidate genes underlying QTLs as well as marker-assisted breeding. Furthermore, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) we performed for both seedling and adult plant response in a diverse population of winter wheat germplasm. The population was genotyped with the 90K iSelect wheat single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. Our GWAS study identified a total of 26 loci, comprising a range of existing and novel loci associated with stripe rust resistance. Resistance loci in the winter wheat germplasm can be exploited in the development of broadly-effective disease-resistant commercial wheat cultivars.

Stripe Rust

Author : Xianming Chen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9402411119
Total Pages : 723 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Stripe Rust by : Xianming Chen

Download or read book Stripe Rust written by Xianming Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively introduces stripe rust disease, its development and its integral control. Covering the biology, genetics, genome, and functional genomics of the pathogen, it also discusses host and non-host resistance, their interactions and the epidemiology of the disease. It is intended for scientists, postgraduates and undergraduate studying stripe rust, plant pathology, crop breeding, crop protection and agricultural science, but is also a valuable reference book for consultants and administrators in agricultural businesses and education.