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Genmanipulierte Landwirtschaftliche Produkte Als Gegenstand Des Offentlichen Wirtschaftsrechts
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Book Synopsis Genmanipulierte landwirtschaftliche Produkte als Gegenstand des Öffentlichen Wirtschaftsrechts by : Susanne Annelie Goehl
Download or read book Genmanipulierte landwirtschaftliche Produkte als Gegenstand des Öffentlichen Wirtschaftsrechts written by Susanne Annelie Goehl and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2014-04-02 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Problemstellung: Agriculture biotechnology has been described as a tsunami washing over agriculture with fundamental impacts on how we grow and market our food and fiber . Die Debatte über den Einsatz von Biotechnologien in der Landwirtschaft ist eine der lautstärksten und emotionalsten der letzten Jahre, da kaum ein Gebiet wissenschaftlich und gesellschaftlich so umstritten ist, wie die moderne Gentechnik. Grund hierfür sind die stark divergierenden Ansichten der Verbraucher und Regierungen bezüglich der aktuellen und potentiellen Gefahren und Vorteile, die Produkte der landwirtschaftlichen Biotechnologie GVO und Produkte hieraus mit sich bringen können. Der Bereich der gv landwirtschaftlichen Produkte hat erst kürzlich großes öffentliches Aufsehen durch die bevorstehenden Genehmigung der ersten gv Kartoffel erregt. Die Bundesregierung hat die Biotechnologie sogar zur Strategie des Monats August 2007 erklärt. Die Einführung der Gentechnik in der Landwirtschaft hat zu kontroversen Diskussionen geführt, die neben der ökologischen auch eine große wirtschaftliche Dimension haben. Trotzdem sind die Auswirkungen der Gentechnik bisher weitgehend unbekannt, womit sich die dringliche Frage nach einem geeigneten, anpassungsfähigen Rechtssystem stellt, das diesen Anforderungen dem schnellen Wandel der Technik, der Ungewissheit über die Risiken, dem Druck der Öffentlichkeit, insb. in Europa, den gegensätzlichen Verbraucherinteressen weltweit sowie den divergierenden Zielen der EG, WTO und des Cartagena-Protokolls gerecht werden kann. Deutschland ist das Land mit den meisten Biotechnologiefirmen in Europa, die 2006 einen Umsatz von ca. 1,5 Mrd. Euro erzielten und auf 947 Hektar gv Pflanzen, die über eine Zulassung zum IVB verfügen, anbauten. Weltweit wurden ca. 102 Mio. Hektar gv Pflanzen in 22 Ländern angebaut, davon rund 82% in den USA, Argentinien und Brasilien. Gang der Untersuchung: Der rechtliche Hintergrund genmanipulierter landwirtschaftlicher Produkte als Gegenstand des Öffentlichen Wirtschaftsrechts ist eine sehr weitreichende Materie, die für eine zielgerichtete und informative Darstellung der Thematik einiger Einschränkung bedarf. Bei genmanipulierten landwirtschaftlichen Produkten handelt es sich um gv landwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse, die zunächst im allgemeinen Kontext des Öffentlichen Wirtschaftsrechts eine Konkretisierung erfordern: Ursprung des Regelungsbedarfs bezüglich gv landwirtschaftlicher Erzeugnisse ist [...]
Book Synopsis Smart Urban Mobility by : Michèle Finck
Download or read book Smart Urban Mobility written by Michèle Finck and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book adds a critical perspective to the legal dialogue on the regulation of ‘smart urban mobility’. Mobility is one of the most visible sub-domains of the ‘smart city’, which has become shorthand for technological advances that influence how cities are structured, public services are fashioned, and citizens coexist. In the urban context, mobility has come under pressure due to a variety of different forces, such as the implementation of new business models (e.g. car and bicycle sharing), the proliferation of alternative methods of transportation (e.g. electric scooters), the emergence of new market players and stakeholders (e.g. internet and information technology companies), and advancements in computer science (in particular due to artificial intelligence). At the same time, demographic changes and the climate crisis increase innovation pressure. In this context law is a seminal factor that both shapes and is shaped by socio-economic and technological change. This book puts a spotlight on recent developments in smart urban mobility from a legal, regulatory, and policy perspective. It considers the implications for the public sector, businesses, and citizens in relation to various areas of public and private law in the European Union, including competition law, intellectual property law, contract law, data protection law, environmental law, public procurement law, and legal philosophy. Chapter 'Location Data as Contractual Counter-Performance: A Consumer Perspective on Recent EU Legislation' of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.
Book Synopsis Mechanisms to Enable Follow-On Innovation by : Alina Wernick
Download or read book Mechanisms to Enable Follow-On Innovation written by Alina Wernick and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-13 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The patent system is based on "one-patent-per-product" presumption and therefore fails to sustain complex follow-on innovations that contain a number of patents. The book explains that follow-on innovations may be subject to market failures such as hold-ups and excessive royalties. For decades, scholars have debated whether the market problems can be solved with voluntary licensing i.e., open innovation, or with compulsory liability rules. The book concludes that neither approach is sufficient. On the one hand, incentives to engage in open innovation practices involving patents are insufficient. On the other hand, the existing compulsory liability rules in patent and competition law are not tailored to address follow-on innovator's interests. To transcend this problem, the author proposes a compulsory liability rule against the suppression of follow-on innovation, that paradoxically, fosters early-on voluntary licensing between patent holders and follow-on innovators. The book is aimed at patent and competition law scholars and practitioners, patent attorneys, managers, engineers and economists who either engage in open innovation involving patents or conduct research on the topic. It also offers insights to policy and law-makers reviewing the possibilities to foster open innovation initiatives or adapt the scope of patent remedies or employ compulsory licenses for patents.
Book Synopsis Incentives for Collaboration and Competition by : Jonas Heite
Download or read book Incentives for Collaboration and Competition written by Jonas Heite and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-25 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals and firms can improve their performance through collaboration and competition. However, it is still an open question how collaboration and competition schemes can be optimally designed and incentivized in order to exploit their full potential. Jonas Heite investigates this question by assessing efforts to stimulate R&D collaboration and by examining properties as well as underlying mechanisms (e.g., effort, risk, confidence and stress) of ability configurations in contests. Based on three large-scale economic studies covering laboratory, field and natural experiments, the author applies novel and sophisticated econometric methods to provide causal empirical evidence that yields important implications for policymakers, managers and researchers.
Book Synopsis Managing Digital Transformation by : Daniel Wittenstein
Download or read book Managing Digital Transformation written by Daniel Wittenstein and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-25 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The digital transformation of the business environment and its impact on firm performance is of central interest in economics and management. However, it is still an open question how firms should optimally align their business models and strategies for the digital era. Daniel Wittenstein investigates this question by generating novel insights from hidden champions and by developing a machine learning-based approach for measuring firm-level digitalization.
Book Synopsis The Notion of Secrecy by : Teresa Trallero Ocaña
Download or read book The Notion of Secrecy written by Teresa Trallero Ocaña and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the legal framework for the protection of trade secrets in three European Union jurisdictions. On the basis of such analysis, this book aims to identify whether there is a common ground that would allow a potential harmonization of the secrecy requirement at the EU level. The author examines the requirements for the protection of information as trade secrets in three selected European jurisdictions: the United Kingdom, Germany, and Italy. In particular, this book focuses on the study of the so-called "secrecy requirement" and the divergent standards adopted in each of the above mentioned jurisdictions. On the basis of such analysis, this work identifies and examines whether there is a common ground that would allow a potential harmonization of the secrecy requirement at the EU level. Finally, it studies the legal consequences of establishing an exclusive proprietary regime for the protection of trade secrets, instead of relying on the traditional unfair competition regime set forth in Article 10bis of the Paris Convention and 39(2) TRIPs.
Book Synopsis Intellectual Property and Private International Law by : Josef Drexl
Download or read book Intellectual Property and Private International Law written by Josef Drexl and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2005-02-23 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between intellectual property and private international law is a fascinating and multi-faceted one. Both fields are inherently international, but it is the exponential increase in conflicts involving trans-border elements, in a world characterised by global trade and borderless communication structures, that has, in modern times, drawn the two disciplines close. The essays contained in this book, first presented at a Symposium in Munich, set out possible visions for a future system of international and regional jurisdiction and applicable law that is better adapted to the increasingly supranational character of IP rights. A second feature of the book is its treatment of 'harmonisation' of choice-of-law issues. Framed by these two elements - international jurisdiction on the one hand and perspectives for harmonised choice of law rules in an international context on the other - specific European themes are also addressed; jurisdiction, the establishment of a European judiciary in the patent field, the relationship between regional (European) systems and an international jurisdiction convention, and the recent proposal for a Regulation on applicable law in non-contractual relationships (Rome II).
