Genetic Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Bioenergy Traits, and the Assessment of Genetic Variability in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench)

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ISBN 13 : 9781124124872
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Bioenergy Traits, and the Assessment of Genetic Variability in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) by : Lekgari Aatshwaelwe Lekgari

Download or read book Genetic Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Bioenergy Traits, and the Assessment of Genetic Variability in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) written by Lekgari Aatshwaelwe Lekgari and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Population Genomics: Crop Plants

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031630025
Total Pages : 947 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis Population Genomics: Crop Plants by : Om P. Rajora

Download or read book Population Genomics: Crop Plants written by Om P. Rajora and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 947 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

QTLs for Energy Related Traits in a Sweet X Grain RIL Sorghum [sorghum Bicolor (l.) Moench] Population

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (818 download)

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Book Synopsis QTLs for Energy Related Traits in a Sweet X Grain RIL Sorghum [sorghum Bicolor (l.) Moench] Population by : Terry Felderhoff

Download or read book QTLs for Energy Related Traits in a Sweet X Grain RIL Sorghum [sorghum Bicolor (l.) Moench] Population written by Terry Felderhoff and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent initiatives for biofuel production have increased research and development of sweet sorghum. Currently, the initial major limitation to integrating sweet sorghum into existing production systems is the lack of sweet sorghum hybrids adapted to industrial production systems. Hybrid development is now underway, and the application of genetic markers can be used to define the genetic basis of sugar yield and its components, as well as reduce the time required to deliver new sweet sorghum hybrids to market. The purpose of this research was to further characterize the genetic components that influence sweet sorghum productivity, agronomics, and composition. Specifically, a grain x sweet sorghum recombinant inbred line (RIL) population developed for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis related to sugar production was evaluated for 24 phenotypic traits including brix, percent moisture, and biomass yield across four environments. The 185 F4 RILs were derived from the parents 'BTx3197' and 'Rio', which are pithy stalk grain and juicy stalk sweet sorghums respectively. Following screening, two genetic maps were constructed with 372 and 381 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) evaluated using an Illumina GoldenGate assay. Analysis of the data in QTL Cartographer revealed a major and previously reported QTL for soluble solids on chromosome 3, but in contrast to previous studies, this QTL co-localized with other QTLs that have a negative influence on biomass and seed production. Therefore, selection for this QTL may not be advantageous. Because only a few QTLs for percent moisture were found, the results indicated that the pithy stalk phenotype does not have a major effect on percent moisture as measured in this study. Thus, breeding for high or low moisture content will be more challenging than previously expected. The absence of dominance effects indicated that brix must be high in both parents to produce high brix in the hybrid.

Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting the Agronomic Performance of a Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench Recombinant Inbred Restorer Line Population

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (544 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting the Agronomic Performance of a Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench Recombinant Inbred Restorer Line Population by : Jorge Luis Moran Maradiaga

Download or read book Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting the Agronomic Performance of a Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench Recombinant Inbred Restorer Line Population written by Jorge Luis Moran Maradiaga and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lately the rate of genetic gain in most agronomic crop species has been reduced due to several factors that limit breeding efficiency and genetic gain. New genetic tools and more powerful statistical analyses provide an alternative approach to enhance genetic improvements through the identification of molecular markers linked to genomic regions or QTLs controlling quantitative traits. The main objective of this research was to identify genomic regions associated with enhanced agronomic performance in lines per se and hybrid combination in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. A population composed of 187 F5:6 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) was derived from the cross of restorer lines RTx430 and RTx7000. Also, a testcross hybrid population (TCH) was developed by using each RIL as a pollinator onto ATx2752. A linkage map was constructed using 174 marker loci generated from AFLP and SSR primer combinations. These markers were assigned to 12 different linkage groups. The linkage map covers 1573 cM with marker loci spaced at an averaged 9.04 cM. In this study, 89 QTL that control variation in seven different morphological traits were identified in the recombinant inbred line population, while in the testcross hybrid population, 79 QTL were identified. These traits included grain yield, plant height, days to mid-anthesis, panicle number, panicle length, panicle exsertion and panicle weight. These putative QTL explained from 4 to 42% of the phenotypic variation observed for each trait. Many of the QTL were not consistent across populations and across environments. Nevertheless, a few key QTL were identified and the source of the positive additive genetics isolated. RTx7000 was consistently associated with better agronomic performance in RIL, while in testcrosses, RTx430 was. Some genomic regions from RTx7000 may be utilized to improve RTx430 as a line per se. However, it is very unlikely that such regions will have a positive effect on the combining ability of RTx430 since testcross results did not reveal any transgressive segregants from the RIL population.

Millets and Sorghum

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119130786
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Millets and Sorghum by : Jagannath V. Patil

Download or read book Millets and Sorghum written by Jagannath V. Patil and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-12-20 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millets and sorghum are extremely important crops in many developing nations and because of the ability of many of them to thrive in low-moisture situations they represent some exciting opportunities for further development to address the continuing and increasing impact of global temperature increase on the sustainability of the world’s food crops. The main focus of this thorough new book is the potential for crop improvement through new and traditional methods, with the book’s main chapters covering the following crops: sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet, foxtail milet, proso millet, little millet, barnyard millet, kodo millet, tef and fonio. Further chapters cover pests and diseases, nutritional and industrial importance, novel tools for improvement, and seed systems in millets. Millets and Sorghum provides full and comprehensive coverage of these crucially important crops, their biology, world status and potential for improvement, and is an essential purchase for crop and plant scientists, and food scientists and technologists throughout the developed and developing world. All libraries in universities and research establishment where biological and agricultural sciences are studied and taught should have copies of this important book on their shelves.

Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Sorghum

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482210096
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Sorghum by : Yi-Hong Wang

Download or read book Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Sorghum written by Yi-Hong Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sorghum is one of the hardiest crop plants in modern agriculture and also one of the most versatile. Its seeds provide calorie for food and feed, stalks for building and industrial materials and its juice for syrup. This book provides an in-depth review of the cutting-edge knowledge in sorghum genetics and its applications in sorghum breeding. Each

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench)

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) by : Messias Gonzaga Pereira

Download or read book Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) written by Messias Gonzaga Pereira and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this investigation, restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were used to construct a genetic linkage map for sorghum and to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling morphological characteristics. For both purposes, and F2 population from a cross between Sorghum bicolor subspecies bicolor (CK60) and Sorghum bicolor subspecies drummondii (PI229828) was used. The map consists of 201 loci distributed among ten linkage groups covering a distance of 1530 cm, with and average eight cM between adjancent loci. Maize genomic clones, maize cDNA clones, and sorghum genomic clones were used to identify the loci. Comparison of sorghum and maize maps revealed a high degree of homology, linkage order, and similar genetic distance. Most often a sorghum linkage group contains loci that map to two chromosomes. Frequently, these two maize chromosomes share considerable DNA duplication. For QTL identification, 152 unselected F2 plants were evaluated. Interval mapping identified a total of 43 QTL, four for plant height, four for tillering, three for leaf length, two for leaf width, three for stalk circumference, two for maturity, six for panicle length, five for seed-branch length, two for sterile portion of the seed-branch, six for penducle diameter, three for number of seed-branchs per panicle, and three for seed weight. For each QTL, the most likely map position, magnitude of effects, gene action, and the source (progenitor) of alleles that increased the trait mean were described. Eighty-one percent (...).

Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) Mapping of Transpiration Efficiency Related to Pre-flower Drought Tolerance in Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench]

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) Mapping of Transpiration Efficiency Related to Pre-flower Drought Tolerance in Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] by : Mohankumar Heraganahally Kapanigowda

Download or read book Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) Mapping of Transpiration Efficiency Related to Pre-flower Drought Tolerance in Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] written by Mohankumar Heraganahally Kapanigowda and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an increasing need to improve crop water-use efficiency (WUE) (ratio of whole-plant biomass to cumulative transpiration) due to decreased water availability and increased food and energy demands throughout the world. The objective of the study was to estimate the genetic variation and genetic basis for transpiration efficiency A:E (CO2 assimilation rate (A) divided by transpiration rate (E)) trait and its relationship to WUE related to pre-flower drought tolerance in recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of sorghum and associated QTLs. A greenhouse study was conducted at Bushland, TX, 2008, using 71 RILs derived from cross of Tx430 x Tx7078. A randomized complete block experimental design was used, with both genotype and water regime (40 and 80 percent water regime) as experimental factors, and four replications. Genotype had a significant effect on A, E and A:E under both the environments. Among the RILs, entry means for A:E ranged from 1.58 to 3.07 mmol CO2 mol^-1 H2O and 1.18 to 4.36 mmol CO2 mol^-1 H2O under 80 percent and 40 percent water regime, respectively. Heritability estimates based on individual environments for A:E, A and E were 0.77, 0.45 and 0.37 under 80 percent water regime and 0.90, 0.33 and 0.71 under 40 percent water regime, respectively. A genetic map was constructed by digital genotyping method using Illumina GAII sequencer with 261 informative indel/ single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP's) markers distributed over 10 linkage groups. Three significant QTLs associated with transpiration efficiency were identified; two on SBI-09 and one on SBI-10 with one logarithmic of odds (LOD) interval length ranging from 5.3 to 5.7 cM and accounting for 17 percent - 21 percent of the phenotypic variation. In field and greenhouse evaluation of agronomic of traits at College Station and Halfway, TX, 91 QTL that control variation in six major agronomic traits such as plant height, flowering, biomass, leaf area, leaf greenness and stomatal density were identified. Co-localization of transpiration efficiency QTLs with agronomic traits such as leaf area, biomass, leaf width and stomatal density indicated that these agronomically important QTLs can be used for further improving the sorghum performance through marker assisted selection (MAS) under pre-flowering drought stress conditions.

Sorghum Molecular Breeding

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 8132224221
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (322 download)

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Book Synopsis Sorghum Molecular Breeding by : R. Madhusudhana

Download or read book Sorghum Molecular Breeding written by R. Madhusudhana and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-20 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an up-to-date overview of international research work on sorghum. Its comprehensive coverage of our current understanding of transgenic development in sorghum and the strategies that are being applied in molecular breeding make this book unique. Important areas such as genetic diversity, QTL mapping, heterosis prediction, genomic and bioinformatics resources, post-genome sequencing developments, molecular markers development using bioinformatics tools, genetic transformation and transgenic research are also addressed. The availability of the genome sequence along with other recent developments in sequencing and genotyping technologies has resulted in considerable advances in the area of sorghum genomics. These in turn have led to the generation of a large number of DNA-based markers and resulted in the identification and fine mapping of QTL associated with grain yield, its component traits, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance as well as grain quality traits in sorghum. Though a large volume of information has accumulated over the years, especially following the sequencing of the sorghum genome, until now it was not available in a single reference resource. This book fills that gap by documenting advances in the genomics and transgenic research in sorghum and presenting critical reviews and future prospects. “Sorghum Molecular Breeding” is an essential guide for students, researchers and managers who are involved in the area of molecular breeding and transgenic research in sorghum and plant biologists in general.

The Sorghum Genome

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319477897
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis The Sorghum Genome by : Sujay Rakshit

Download or read book The Sorghum Genome written by Sujay Rakshit and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-18 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides insights into the current state of sorghum genomics. It particularly focuses on the tools and strategies employed in genome sequencing and analysis, public and private genomic resources and how all this information is leading to direct outcomes for plant breeders. The advent of affordable whole genome sequencing in combination with existing cereal functional genomics data has enabled the leveraging of the significant novel diversity available in sorghum, the genome of which was fully sequenced in 2009, providing an unmatched resource for the genetic improvement of sorghum and other grass species. Cultivated grain sorghum is a food and feed cereal crop adapted to hot and dry climates, and is a staple for 500 million of the world’s poorest people. Globally, sorghum is also an important source of animal feed and forage, an emerging biofuel crop and model for C4 grasses, particularly genetically complex sugarcane.

Biotechnology and Omics Approaches for Bioenergy Crops

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819949548
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Biotechnology and Omics Approaches for Bioenergy Crops by : Muhammad Aasim

Download or read book Biotechnology and Omics Approaches for Bioenergy Crops written by Muhammad Aasim and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-29 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book summarizes the efforts made to develop sustainable bioenergy production through different generations. The topics included in the book cover information about different bioenergy crops, their classification and use as biofuel, agronomic practices to improve biomass yield, classic breeding techniques, genetic diversity, current status and future perspective of bioenergy crops in the omics era. It also discusses application of modern biotechnological and molecular biotechnological techniques for the improvement of bioenergy crops this having enhanced biomass and plant based products. The book explores growing biofuel crops and their impact on environment, bioethics and biosafety issues related to the modern approaches. Another important aspect is the incorporation of nanotechnology for bioenergy crops and biofuel production. All book chapters are contributed renowned researchers in their respective field. This is a unique book covering the bioeneragy crops in the modern omics era. The book is useful for the researchers and post-graduate students to guide them in the field of bioenergy crops.

Genetic Improvement of Bioenergy Crops

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387708057
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic Improvement of Bioenergy Crops by : Wilfred Vermerris

Download or read book Genetic Improvement of Bioenergy Crops written by Wilfred Vermerris and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-02 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethanol as an alternative fuel is receiving a lot of attention because it addresses concerns related to dwindling oil supplies, energy independence, and climate change. The majority of the ethanol in the US is produced from corn starch. With the US Department of Energy’s target that 30% of the fuel in the US is produced from renewable resources by 2030, the anticipated demand for corn starch will quickly exceed the current production of corn. This, plus the concern that less grain will become available for food and feed purposes, necessitates the use of other feedstocks for the production of ethanol. For the very same reasons, there is increasing research activity and growing interest in many other biomass crops. Genetic Improvement of Bio-Energy Crops focuses on the production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass, which includes corn stover, biomass from dedicated annual and perennial energy crops, and trees as well as a number of important biomass crops. The biomass is typically pretreated through thermochemical processing to make it more amenable to hydrolysis with cellulolytic enzymes. The enzymatic hydrolysis yields monomeric sugars that can be fermented to ethanol by micro-organisms. While much emphasis has been placed on the optimization of thermo-chemical pretreatment processes, production of more efficient hydrolytic enzymes, and the development of robust microbial strains, relatively little effort has been dedicated to the improvement of the biomass itself.

Genomic Mapping for Grain Yield, Stay Green, and Grain Quality Traits in Sorghum

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (823 download)

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Book Synopsis Genomic Mapping for Grain Yield, Stay Green, and Grain Quality Traits in Sorghum by : Sivakumar Sukumaran

Download or read book Genomic Mapping for Grain Yield, Stay Green, and Grain Quality Traits in Sorghum written by Sivakumar Sukumaran and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge of the genetic bases of grain quality traits will complement plant breeding efforts to improve the end use value of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). The objective of the first experiment was to assess marker-trait associations for 10 grain quality traits through candidate gene association mapping on a diverse panel of 300 sorghum accessions. The 10 grain quality traits were measured using the single kernel characterization system (SKCS) and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). The analysis of the accessions through 1,290 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) separated the panel into five subpopulations that corresponded to three major sorghum races (durra, kafir, and caudatum), one intermediate race (guinea-caudatum), and one working group (zerazera/caudatum). Association analysis between 333 SNPs in candidate genes/loci and grain quality traits resulted in eight significant marker-trait associations. A SNP in starch synthase IIa (SSIIa) gene was associated with kernel hardness (KH) with a likelihood ratio-based R2 (R[subscript]L[subscript]R2) value of 0.08. SNPs in starch synthase (SSIIb) gene (R[subscript]L[subscript]R2 = 0.10) and loci pSB1120 (R[subscript]L[subscript]R2 = 0.09) was associated with starch content. Sorghum is a crop well adapted to the semi arid regions of the world and my harbor genes for drought tolerance. The objective of second experiment was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for yield potential and drought tolerance. From a cross between Tx436 (food grain type) and 00MN7645 (drought tolerant) 248 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed. Multi-location trials were conducted in 8 environments to evaluate agronomic performance of the RILs under favorable and drought stress conditions. The 248 RILs and their parents were genotyped by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). A subset of 800 SNPs was used for linkage map construction and QTL detection. Composite interval mapping identified a major QTLs for grain yield in chromosome 8 and QTL for flowering time in chromosome 9 under favorable conditions. Three major QTLs were detected for grain yield in chromosomes 1, 6, and 8 and two flowering time QTLs on chromosome 1 under drought conditions. Six QTLs were identified for stay green: two on chromosome 4; one each on chromosome 5, 6, 7, and 10 under drought conditions.

Plant Biomass Conversion

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470959096
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (79 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Biomass Conversion by : Elizabeth E. Hood

Download or read book Plant Biomass Conversion written by Elizabeth E. Hood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-20 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A whole host of motivations are driving the development of the “renewables” industry— ranging from the desire to develop sustainable energy resources to the reduction of dangerous greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. All energy utilized on the earth is ultimately derived from the sun through photosynthesis—the only truly renewable commodity. As concerns regarding increasing energy prices, global warming and renewable resources continue to grow, so has scientific discovery into agricultural biomass conversion. Plant Biomass Conversion addresses both the development of plant biomass and conversion technology, in addition to issues surrounding biomass conversion, such as the affect on water resources and soil sustainability. This book also offers a brief overview of the current status of the industry and examples of production plants being used in current biomass conversion efforts.

Handbook of Bioenergy Crop Plants

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439816840
Total Pages : 876 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Bioenergy Crop Plants by : Chittaranjan Kole

Download or read book Handbook of Bioenergy Crop Plants written by Chittaranjan Kole and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-03-22 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the world’s population is projected to reach 10 billion or more by 2100, devastating fossil fuel shortages loom in the future unless more renewable alternatives to energy are developed. Bioenergy, in the form of cellulosic biomass, starch, sugar, and oils from crop plants, has emerged as one of the cheaper, cleaner, and environmentally sustainable alternatives to traditional forms of energy. Handbook of Bioenergy Crop Plants brings together the work of a panel of global experts who survey the possibilities and challenges involved in biofuel production in the twenty-first century. Section One explores the genetic improvement of bioenergy crops, ecological issues and biodiversity, feedstock logistics and enzymatic cell wall degradation to produce biofuels, and process technologies of liquid transportation fuels production. It also reviews international standards for fuel quality, unique issues of biofuel-powered engines, life-cycle environmental impacts of biofuels compared with fossil fuels, and social concerns. Section Two examines commercialized bioenergy crops, including cassava, Jatropha, forest trees, maize, oil palm, oilseed Brassicas, sorghum, soybean, sugarcane, and switchgrass. Section Three profiles emerging crops such as Brachypodium, diesel trees, minor oilseeds, lower plants, Paulownia, shrub willow, sugarbeet, sunflower, and sweet potato. It also discusses unconventional biomass resources such as vegetable oils, organic waste, and municipal sludge. Highlighting the special requirements, major achievements, and unresolved concerns in bioenergy production from crop plants, the book is destined to lead to future discoveries related to the use of plants for bioenergy production. It will assist in developing innovative ways of ameliorating energy problems on the horizon.

A Guide to QTL Mapping with R/qtl

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781461417088
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis A Guide to QTL Mapping with R/qtl by : Karl W. Broman

Download or read book A Guide to QTL Mapping with R/qtl written by Karl W. Broman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-02 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive discussion of QTL mapping concepts and theory Detailed instructions on the use of the R/qtl software, the most featured and flexible software for QTL mapping Two case studies illustrate QTL analysis in its entirety

Genetic Analysis of the Sorghum Bicolor Stay-green Drought Tolerance Trait

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (662 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic Analysis of the Sorghum Bicolor Stay-green Drought Tolerance Trait by : Karen Ruth Harris

Download or read book Genetic Analysis of the Sorghum Bicolor Stay-green Drought Tolerance Trait written by Karen Ruth Harris and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) is the fifth most economically important cereal grown worldwide and is a source of food, feed, fiber and fuel. Sorghum, a C4 grass and a close relative to sugarcane, is adapted to hot, dry adverse environments. Some genotypes of sorghum called stay-green have delayed leaf senescence during grain ripening under drought stress conditions which allows normal grain filling whereas most sorghum lines senesce early under post-anthesis drought. Eight sources of stay-green have been identified in the sorghum germplasm collection, most originating from Sudan and Ethiopia. The diversity of the eight sources of staygreen was analyzed using 55 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers with genome coverage. This analysis showed that the sources of stay-green are quite diverse and can be divided into five groups based on race or working group. Three sources of stay-green have been used to identify 12 major quantitative trait loci (QTL) that modulate this trait. The origin of favorable alleles for stay-green was traced backward to ancestral lines and forward into breeding materials derived from stay-green germplasm. The analysis of the origin of favorable alleles for stay-green helped explain why subsets of stay-green QTL were identified in different studies and provided evidence that there may be more than one favorable allele in the sorghum germplasm for several of the stay-green QTL. Analysis of stay-green breeding lines from three public sorghum-breeding programs revealed that one of the main QTL identified in mapping studies was not being used in the breeding programs (0/13), most likely due to its association with an allele for lemon yellow seeds. In addition, a subset of the regions containing favorable alleles for staygreen from the genotype BTx642 were over represented in stay-green breeding lines. Nearly isogenic lines containing favorable alleles from BTx642 for Stg1, Stg2, Stg3, and Stg4 in a RTx7000 (senescent) background were characterized and each NIL was shown to exhibit a stay-green phenotype. Based in part on this information, fine-mapping of Stg1 was undertaken by crossing the Stg1 NIL to RTx7000. Overall, these results revealed the origin of favorable alleles for stay-green and the current utilization of alleles for stay-green in public breeding programs. In addition, this study identified additional stay-green sources that could be used for further QTL analysis and highlighted the genetic complexity of the stay-green trait.