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Genetic Basis For Natural Variation In Flowering Time In Local Populations Of Arabidopsis Thaliana
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Book Synopsis Genetic Basis for Natural Variation in Flowering Time in Local Populations of Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Hayley Louise McCulloch
Download or read book Genetic Basis for Natural Variation in Flowering Time in Local Populations of Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Hayley Louise McCulloch and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ecological Genomics by : Christian R. Landry
Download or read book Ecological Genomics written by Christian R. Landry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-25 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers in the field of ecological genomics aim to determine how a genome or a population of genomes interacts with its environment across ecological and evolutionary timescales. Ecological genomics is trans-disciplinary by nature. Ecologists have turned to genomics to be able to elucidate the mechanistic bases of the biodiversity their research tries to understand. Genomicists have turned to ecology in order to better explain the functional cellular and molecular variation they observed in their model organisms. We provide an advanced-level book that covers this recent research and proposes future development for this field. A synthesis of the field of ecological genomics emerges from this volume. Ecological Genomics covers a wide array of organisms (microbes, plants and animals) in order to be able to identify central concepts that motivate and derive from recent investigations in different branches of the tree of life. Ecological Genomics covers 3 fields of research that have most benefited from the recent technological and conceptual developments in the field of ecological genomics: the study of life-history evolution and its impact of genome architectures; the study of the genomic bases of phenotypic plasticity and the study of the genomic bases of adaptation and speciation.
Book Synopsis The Genetics of Phenotypic Variation in Arabidopsis Thaliana by :
Download or read book The Genetics of Phenotypic Variation in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All organisms exhibit substantial quantitative trait variation within populations. Such variation is important because it can affect fitness and serve as the substrate for adaptive evolution. Identifying the quantitative trait genes (QTGs) responsible for phenotypic variation is necessary to understand the mechanisms that generate trait variation and to determine the historical action of natural selection on quantitative traits and QTGs. However, in most complex organisms, the genetic mapping of QTGs is difficult and presently not feasible to do systematically at a gene-level resolution. Model organisms that are both tractable in the laboratory and complex developmentally can serve as trial systems for developing broadly applicable methods for QTG mapping. Using the plant genetic model Arabidopsis thaliana, I have attempted to map QTGs for ecologically-significant quantitative traits â€" shoot branching and flowering time â€" through a combination of forward and reverse genetic methods. Three main research projects are reported here: i) candidate gene association mapping and linkage mapping of shoot branching; ii) regulatory network-wide candidate gene association mapping of flowering time; and iii) a survey of intra- and interspecific genetic variation at nearly half of the microRNAs (miRNAs) and their binding sites in the genome. These studies have identified strong candidate QTGs for traits that are determinants of A. thaliana fitness in the wild. I synthesize my results with those of other researchers in this area to highlight the achievements, future promise, and looming challenges for statistical genetics in terms of elucidating the genetic basis of trait variation.
Book Synopsis Decoding the Complexity of Natural Variation for Shoot Growth and Response to the Environment in Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Charlotte Trontin
Download or read book Decoding the Complexity of Natural Variation for Shoot Growth and Response to the Environment in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Charlotte Trontin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genotypes adapted to contrasting environments are expected to behave differently when placed in common controlled conditions, if their sensitivity to environmental cues or intrinsic growth behaviour are set to different thresholds, or are limited at distinct levels. This allows natural variation to be exploited as an unlimited source of new alleles or genes for the study of the genetic basis of quantitative trait variation. My doctoral work focuses on analysing natural variation for shoot growth and response to the environment in A. thaliana. Natural variation analyses aim at understanding how molecular genetic or epigenetic diversity controls phenotypic variation at different scales and times of plant development and under different environmental conditions, and how selection or demographic processes influence the frequency of those molecular variants in populations for them to get adapted to their local environment. As such, the analysis of A. thaliana natural variation can be addressed using a variety of approaches, from genetics and molecular methods to ecology and evolutionary questions. During my PhD, I got the chance to tackle several of those aspects through my contributions to three independent projects which have in common to exploit A. thaliana natural variation. The first one is the analysis of the pattern of polymorphism from a set of 102 A. thaliana accessions at the MOT1 gene coding for a molybdate transporter (an essential micronutrient) and responsible for contrasted growth and fitness among accessions in response to Mo availability in the soil. I showed at different geographical scales that MOT1 pattern of polymorphisms is not consistent with neutral evolution and shows signs of diversifying selection. This work helped reinforce the hypothesis that in some populations, mutations in MOT1 have been selected to face soils rich in Mo and potentially deleterious despite their negative effect on Mo-limiting soils. The second project consists in the characterisation and functional analysis of two putative receptor-like kinases (RLKs) identified from their effect on shoot growth specifically under mannitol-supplemented media and not in response to other osmotic constraints. The function of such RLKs in A. thaliana, which is not known to synthesize mannitol was intriguing at first but, through different experiments, we built the hypothesis that those RLKs could be activated by the mannitol produced by some pathogens such as fungi and participate to plant defensive response. The third project, in collaboration with Michel Vincentz's team from CBMEG (Brasil) and Vincent Colot (IBENS, Paris), consists in the analysis of the occurrence of natural epigenetic variants of the QQS gene in different populations from Central Asia and their possible phenotypic and adaptive consequences. Overall, these analyses of the genetic and epigenetic molecular variation leading to the biomass phenotype(s) in interaction with the environment provide clues as to how and where in the pathways adaptation is shaping natural variation.
Book Synopsis The Causes of Molecular Evolution by : John H. Gillespie
Download or read book The Causes of Molecular Evolution written by John H. Gillespie and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1994-05-26 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides a unified theory that addresses the important problem of the origin and maintenance of genetic variation in natural populations. With modern molecular techniques, variation is found in all species, sometimes at astonishingly high levels. Yet, despite these observations, the forces that maintain variation within and between species have been difficult subjects of study. Because they act very weakly and operate over vast time scales, scientists must rely on indirect inferences and speculative mathematical models. However, despite these obstacles, many advances have been made. The author's research in molecular genetics, evolution, and bio-mathematics has enabled him to draw on this work, and present a coherent and valuable view of the field. The book is divided into three parts. The first consists of three chapters on protein evolution, DNA evolution, and molecular mechanisms. This section reviews the experimental observations on genetic variation. The second part gives a unified treatment of the mathematical theory of selection in a fluctuating environment. The final two chapters combine the earlier assessments in a treatment of the scientific status of two competing theories for the maintenance of genetic variation. Steeped in the enormous advances population genetics has made over the past 25 years, this book has proven highly popular among human geneticists, biologists, evolutionary theorists, and bio-mathematicians.
Book Synopsis Evolution of flagellin perception in Arabidopsis thaliana and its relatives by : Madlen Vetter
Download or read book Evolution of flagellin perception in Arabidopsis thaliana and its relatives written by Madlen Vetter and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2010-08-20 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants are constantly challenged by microbes which try to gain fitness benefits at the cost of their host. Microbes which may putatively cause disease are therefore detected by plant receptors that bind pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The peptide flg22 resembles the most conserved part of the N-terminus of bacterial flagellin and is perceived as a PAMP by the pattern recognition receptors (PRR) FLAGELLIN-SENSING 2 (FLS2) in all higher plant species. Upon perception of flg22, FLS2 elicits PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) and thus contributes to host survival and fitness. While the evolution of resistance (R) genes has been extensively examined, no detailed studies on the evolution of PRRs are available, although this information may improve pest management in crops. Here, functional variation of FLS2 in A. thaliana and its relatives within the Brassicaceae was investigated. Differences in FLS2 protein abundance but no major changes in affinity of FLS2 towards flg22 cause functional diversity in accessions of A. thaliana. Duplication of the FLS2 gene in A. lyrata contributes to a large variation in flg22 perception in this species. FLS2 functional variation correlates with bacteria load in the plant mesophyll. Despite this beneficial contribution to Darwinian fitness, functional variation segregates within populations of A. thaliana. The intraspecific variation in flg22 perception in A. thaliana is as pronounced as among several Brassicaceae species. This suggests that FLS2 is not subjected to directional selection towards a general optimum of receptor function but flg22 perception is a quantitative trait in the Brassicaceae family. Using genetic and quantitative population differentiation to detect natural selection, no conclusive evidence could be found that evolution of flg22 perception is driven by the adaptation to local flg22 variants as has been demonstrated for highly specific gene-for-gene interaction of R genes and their cognate microbial effector molecules. Instead, flg22 perception correlates with the flg22-triggered inhibition of seedling growth. The genetic basis of inhibition of seedling growth was investigated by quantitative trait locus mapping and revealed that a locus which co-localizes with FLS2 partially controls variation in inhibition of seedling growth. Furthermore, fitness assays with functional and non-functional FLS2 alleles revealed a background-dependent detrimental effect of FLS2 on reproductive fitness. Moreover, variation in flg22 perception is correlated with flowering time in A. thaliana giving first experimental evidence that FLS2 function and life-history traits do not evolve independently.
Book Synopsis Hot Spots of Endemic Plants of India, Nepal and Bhutan by : M. P. Nayar
Download or read book Hot Spots of Endemic Plants of India, Nepal and Bhutan written by M. P. Nayar and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exploring Natural Variation in Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Jonathan David Werner
Download or read book Exploring Natural Variation in Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Jonathan David Werner and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Annual Plant Reviews, Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination by : Kent Bradford
Download or read book Annual Plant Reviews, Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination written by Kent Bradford and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The formation, dispersal and germination of seeds are crucial stages in the life cycles of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants. The unique properties of seeds, particularly their tolerance to desiccation, their mobility, and their ability to schedule their germination to coincide with times when environmental conditions are favorable to their survival as seedlings, have no doubt contributed significantly to the success of seed-bearing plants. Humans are also dependent upon seeds, which constitute the majority of the world’s staple foods (e.g., cereals and legumes). Seeds are an excellent system for studying fundamental developmental processes in plant biology, as they develop from a single fertilized zygote into an embryo and endosperm, in association with the surrounding maternal tissues. As genetic and molecular approaches have become increasingly powerful tools for biological research, seeds have become an attractive system in which to study a wide array of metabolic processes and regulatory systems. Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination provides a comprehensive overview of seed biology from the point of view of the developmental and regulatory processes that are involved in the transition from a developing seed through dormancy and into germination and seedling growth. It examines the complexity of the environmental, physiological, molecular and genetic interactions that occur through the life cycle of seeds, along with the concepts and approaches used to analyze seed dormancy and germination behavior. It also identifies the current challenges and remaining questions for future research. The book is directed at plant developmental biologists, geneticists, plant breeders, seed biologists and graduate students.
Download or read book Seeds written by J. Derek Bewley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-23 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated and much revised third edition of Seeds: Physiology of Development, Germination and Dormancy provides a thorough overview of seed biology and incorporates much of the progress that has been made during the past fifteen years. With an emphasis on placing information in the context of the seed, this new edition includes recent advances in the areas of molecular biology of development and germination, as well as fresh insights into dormancy, ecophysiology, desiccation tolerance, and longevity. Authored by preeminent authorities in the field, this book is an invaluable resource for researchers, teachers, and students interested in the diverse aspects of seed biology.
Book Synopsis Genes that Underlie Natural Variation in Growth Rate and Flowering Time in Local Accessions of Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Zafar Iqbal Malik
Download or read book Genes that Underlie Natural Variation in Growth Rate and Flowering Time in Local Accessions of Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Zafar Iqbal Malik and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Identification and Characterization of Genes Underlying Natural Variation in Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Lei Zhang
Download or read book Identification and Characterization of Genes Underlying Natural Variation in Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Lei Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana Using Natural Variation by : Salah El-Din Sayed Mohamed El-Assal
Download or read book A Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana Using Natural Variation written by Salah El-Din Sayed Mohamed El-Assal and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Annual Plant Reviews, Insect-Plant Interactions by : Claudia Voelckel
Download or read book Annual Plant Reviews, Insect-Plant Interactions written by Claudia Voelckel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-05-02 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This latest volume in Wiley Blackwell’s prestigious Annual Plant Reviews brings together articles that describe the biochemical, genetic, and ecological aspects of plant interactions with insect herbivores.. The biochemistry section of this outstanding volume includes reviews highlighting significant findings in the area of plant signalling cascades, recognition of herbivore-associated molecular patterns, sequestration of plant defensive metabolites and perception of plant semiochemicals by insects. Chapters in the genetics section are focused on genetic mapping of herbivore resistance traits and the analysis of transcriptional responses in both plants and insects. The ecology section includes chapters that describe plant-insect interactions at a higher level, including multitrophic interactions, investigations of the cost-benefit paradigm and the altitudinal niche-breadth hypothesis, and a re-evaluation of co-evolution in the light of recent molecular research. Written by many of the world’s leading researchers in these subjects, and edited by Claudia Voelckel and Georg Jander, this volume is designed for students and researchers with some background in plant molecular biology or ecology, who would like to learn more about recent advances or obtain a more in-depth understanding of this field. This volume will also be of great use and interest to a wide range of plant scientists and entomologists and is an essential purchase for universities and research establishments where biological sciences are studied and taught. To view details of volumes in Annual Plant Reviews, visit: www.wiley.com/go/apr Also available from Wiley: Plant Defense Dale Walters 9781405175890 Herbicides and Plant Physiology, 2nd Edn Andrew Cobb & John Reade 9781405129350
Book Synopsis The Gene Ontology Handbook by : Christophe Dessimoz
Download or read book The Gene Ontology Handbook written by Christophe Dessimoz and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a practical and self-contained overview of the Gene Ontology (GO), the leading project to organize biological knowledge on genes and their products across genomic resources. Written for biologists and bioinformaticians, it covers the state-of-the-art of how GO annotations are made, how they are evaluated, and what sort of analyses can and cannot be done with the GO. In the spirit of the Methods in Molecular Biology book series, there is an emphasis throughout the chapters on providing practical guidance and troubleshooting advice. Authoritative and accessible, The Gene Ontology Handbook serves non-experts as well as seasoned GO users as a thorough guide to this powerful knowledge system. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.
Book Synopsis The Molecular Genetic Basis of Natural Variation in Trichome Density in Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Rebecca Bloomer
Download or read book The Molecular Genetic Basis of Natural Variation in Trichome Density in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Rebecca Bloomer and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Logic of Chance by : Eugene V. Koonin
Download or read book The Logic of Chance written by Eugene V. Koonin and published by FT Press. This book was released on 2011-06-23 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Logic of Chance offers a reappraisal and a new synthesis of theories, concepts, and hypotheses on the key aspects of the evolution of life on earth in light of comparative genomics and systems biology. The author presents many specific examples from systems and comparative genomic analysis to begin to build a new, much more detailed, complex, and realistic picture of evolution. The book examines a broad range of topics in evolutionary biology including the inadequacy of natural selection and adaptation as the only or even the main mode of evolution; the key role of horizontal gene transfer in evolution and the consequent overhaul of the Tree of Life concept; the central, underappreciated evolutionary importance of viruses; the origin of eukaryotes as a result of endosymbiosis; the concomitant origin of cells and viruses on the primordial earth; universal dependences between genomic and molecular-phenomic variables; and the evolving landscape of constraints that shape the evolution of genomes and molecular phenomes. "Koonin's account of viral and pre-eukaryotic evolution is undoubtedly up-to-date. His "mega views" of evolution (given what was said above) and his cosmological musings, on the other hand, are interesting reading." Summing Up: Recommended Reprinted with permission from CHOICE, copyright by the American Library Association.
