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Gender Integration Of Women Into Us Army Special Forces Operational Detachments Alpha As An 18 Series Military Occupational Specialty
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Book Synopsis Gender Integration of Women Into U. S. Army Special Forces Operational Detachments Alpha (As 18-Series Military Occupational Specialty) - Results of Research Surveys and Historical Account Analysis by : U. S. Military
Download or read book Gender Integration of Women Into U. S. Army Special Forces Operational Detachments Alpha (As 18-Series Military Occupational Specialty) - Results of Research Surveys and Historical Account Analysis written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2018-05-11 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On January 24, 2013, restrictions against women in ground combat units, to include U.S. Army Special Forces (SF), were rescinded by the Department of Defense. The military services were allowed to gradually and systematically integrate women into male-only military occupational specialties (MOS). By January 2016 the military services must open all combat jobs to women or explain why exceptions exist. Gender integration for Army SF Operational Detachments Alpha (ODAs) could present socio-dynamic hurdles that potentially erode operational readiness, combat effectiveness and group cohesion. This research explores implications to operational readiness, combat effectiveness and group cohesion gender integration may pose to Army SF ODAs. Historical accounts of women in the Office of Strategic Services are considered, and gender integration of combat jobs and special operations forces of foreign militaries are discussed. Surveys were conducted among a convenience sampling of U.S. Army SF officers and U.S. Army female officers. Findings and recommendations conclude gender integration of an SF ODA can be successful if leadership at all levels leads the way with clear communication to manage expectations, and current physical standards remain unaltered. Clear lines of communication and education of ODA spouses are also vital to the success of gender integration in ODAs. Integrating women into ground combat units and previously denied MOSs is a sensitive subject, and more so when you consider integrating women into the Special Forces community as an 18-Series MOS member on an ODA. A strong understanding of the socio-dynamics within the integrated group is required. This study explores some pitfalls and benefits of gender integration and plausible foundational frameworks in which USSOCOM/USASOC could begin to build successful full integration models. The literature review will consider historical perspectives of women in the OSS, particularly where women were integrated into roles that were previously held by an all-male force. It will include any previous research that could be considered parallel to this study. Also, previous research on the psychological sex differences between men and women when they are integrated together into small working groups will be considered. Chapter 3 will explain and discuss the methodology incorporated into the research. A qualitative descriptive survey methodology will be utilized. Surveys will be administered to a designated sample of human subjects. A quantitative analysis will be conducted where applicable, but a large portion of the data received from the surveys will be qualitative in nature. Chapter 4 will be a discussion of the survey results. The final chapter will include an analysis of the survey results, findings and recommendations, and recommendations for further research.
Book Synopsis Gender Integration of Women Into U.S. Army Special Forces Operational Detachments Alpha as an 18 Series Military Occupational Specialty by : M.K. Chronister
Download or read book Gender Integration of Women Into U.S. Army Special Forces Operational Detachments Alpha as an 18 Series Military Occupational Specialty written by M.K. Chronister and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On January 24, 2013, restrictions against women in ground combat units, to include U.S. Army Special Forces (SF), were rescinded by the Department of Defense. The military services were allowed to gradually and systematically integrate women into male-only military occupational specialties (MOS). By January 2016 the military services must open all combat jobs to women or explain why exceptions exist. Gender integration for Army SF Operational Detachments Alpha (ODAs) could present socio-dynamic hurdles that potentially erode operational readiness, combat effectiveness and group cohesion. This research explores implications to operational readiness, combat effectiveness and group cohesion gender integration may pose to Army SF ODAs.
Book Synopsis Considerations for Integrating Women Into Closed Occupations in U.S. Special Operations Forces by : Thomas S. Szayna
Download or read book Considerations for Integrating Women Into Closed Occupations in U.S. Special Operations Forces written by Thomas S. Szayna and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The elimination of the Direct Ground Combat Definition and Assignment Rule has opened to women some 15,500 special operations forces (SOF) positions. A RAND study helped to inform that decision and provides insight into the key factors surrounding the integration of women into SOF. The integration of women raises issues pertinent to the effectiveness of SOF teams, in terms of physical standards and ensuring readiness, cohesion, and morale. This report assesses potential challenges to the integration of women into SOF for unit cohesion and provides analytical support in validating SOF occupational standards for positions controlled by U.S. Special Operations Command. The report summarizes the history of integration of women into the U.S. armed forces, reviews the current state of knowledge about cohesion in small units, and discusses the application of gender-neutral standards to SOF. The report identifies widely agreed-on professional standards for the validation of physically demanding occupations and assists SOF service components with the application of these standards to SOF occupations. The report also discusses the primary data -- a survey of SOF personnel and a series of focus group discussions -- collected by the research team regarding the potential challenges to the integration of women into SOF. The report then presents recommendations regarding the implementation process of integrating women into SOF"--Back cover.
Book Synopsis Organizational Obliviousness by : Alesha Doan
Download or read book Organizational Obliviousness written by Alesha Doan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-13 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring efforts to integrate women into combat forces in the military, we investigate how resistance to equity becomes entrenched, ultimately excluding women from being full participants in the workplace. Based on focus groups and surveys with members of Special Operations, we found most of the resistance is rooted in traditional gender stereotypes that are often bolstered through organizational policies and practices. The subtlety of these practices often renders them invisible. We refer to this invisibility as organizational obliviousness. Obliviousness exists at the individual level, it becomes reinforced at the cultural level, and, in turn, cultural practices are entrenched institutionally by policies. Organizational obliviousness may not be malicious or done to actively exclude or harm, but the end result is that it does both. Throughout this Element we trace the ways that organizational obliviousness shapes individuals, culture, and institutional practices throughout the organization.
Book Synopsis Special Operations Forces Mixed-Gender Elite Teams by : William Knarr
Download or read book Special Operations Forces Mixed-Gender Elite Teams written by William Knarr and published by . This book was released on 2019-07-07 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 24 January 2013, the Secretary of Defense (SecDef) rescinded the 1994 Direct Ground Combat Definition and Assignment Rule (DCAR) that excluded women from assignment to units and positions whose primary mission is to engage in direct combat on the ground. In doing so, the SecDef directed the opening of all occupational specialties, positions and units to women; the validation of gender-neutral standards for those positions; and establishment of milestones for implementation. In a March 2013 memorandum, Commander USSOCOM directed several initiatives as a result of the SecDef's DCAR rescission. While other studies examined individual performance and standards, the JSOU Center for Special Operations Studies and Research examined the effects on team dynamics. The challenge for this study was to determine if changing the gender component of Special Operations Forces elite teams from single-gender (masculine) to mixed-gender would affect team dynamics in a way that would compromise the ability of the team to meet a mission objective.
Book Synopsis Special Operations Forces Mixed-gender Elite Teams by : William Knarr
Download or read book Special Operations Forces Mixed-gender Elite Teams written by William Knarr and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 24 January 2013, the Secretary of Defense (SecDef) rescinded the 1994 Direct Ground Combat Definition and Assignment Rule (DCAR) that excluded women from assignment to units and positions whose primary mission is to engage in direct combat on the ground. In doing so, the SecDef directed the opening of all occupational specialties, positions and units to women; the validation of gender-neutral standards for those positions; and establishment of milestones for implementation. In a March 2013 memorandum, Commander USSOCOM directed several initiatives as a result of the SecDef's DCAR rescission. While other studies examined individual performance and standards, the JSOU Center for Special Operations Studies and Research examined the effects on team dynamics. The challenge for this study was to determine if changing the gender component of Special Operations Forces elite teams from single-gender (masculine) to mixed-gender would affect team dynamics in a way that would compromise the ability of the team to meet a mission objective.
Book Synopsis Gender Camouflage by : Francine J. D'Amico
Download or read book Gender Camouflage written by Francine J. D'Amico and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 1999-03 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controversy about women in the military continues, yet women's relations with the military go far beyond whether they serve in the ranks. Gender Camouflage brings together a diverse array of authors to explore the controversy surrounding women's military service, to examine the invisibility of civilian women who support the institution, and to expose the military's efforts to camouflage their support and contributions. Contributors first consider nurses, servicewomen, military academy students, female veterans, and lesbians. The focus then shifts to military wives, women employed by the DoD, and female civilian military instructors whose work is less visible but no less essential to the institution. The book also examines the experiences of women outside of the military, such as "comfort women" near U.S. bases, women engaged in peacework, and women workers affected by military spending in the federal budget. Analytic chapters are juxtaposed with first-person narratives by women who have actually been there, including a member of the first gender-integrated class at West Point, the first female civilian instructors at the U.S. Naval Academy, and an African American Air Force Nurse Corps veteran. Contributors include Connie Reeves, Georgia Clark Sadler, Gwyn Kirk, and Joan Furey.
Book Synopsis Gender Integration in NATO Military Forces by : Lana Obradovic
Download or read book Gender Integration in NATO Military Forces written by Lana Obradovic and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous states have passed gender integration legislation permanently admitting women into their military forces. As a result, states have dramatically increased women’s numbers, and improved gender equality by removing a number of restrictions. Yet despite changes and initiatives on both domestic and international levels to integrate gender perspectives into the military, not all states have improved to the same extent. Some have successfully promoted gender integration in the ranks by erasing all forms of discrimination, but others continue to impede it by setting limitations on equal access to careers, combat, and ranks. Why do states abandon their policies of exclusion and promote gender integration in a way that women’s military participation becomes an integral part of military force? By examining twenty-four NATO member states, this book argues that civilian policymakers and military leadership no longer surrender to parochial gendered division of the roles, but rather support integration to meet the recruitment numbers due to military modernization, professionalization and technological advancements. Moreover, it proposes that increased pressure by the United Nations to integrate gender into security and NATO seeking standardization and consistency on the international level, and women’s movements on the domestic level, are contributing to greater gender integration in the military. Winner of the 2015 ERGOMAS "Best Book in Civil-Military Relations" Award.
Book Synopsis The Status of Gender Integration in the Military by : Megan Beckett
Download or read book The Status of Gender Integration in the Military written by Megan Beckett and published by Minnesota Historical Society. This book was released on 2002 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Has opening new skills and units been enough to create equal opportunities for women in the U.S. military? Success has been mixed, in part because of the circumstances of individual occupations, and some issues affect men as much as they do women. This volume supplies supporting data for the analysis presented in the companion volume, MR-1380-OSD.
Book Synopsis Moving Beyond G.I. Jane by : Sara L. Zeigler
Download or read book Moving Beyond G.I. Jane written by Sara L. Zeigler and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 2005 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moving Beyond G.I. Jane makes an essential contribution to the existing literature on the role of women in the military. The authors offer detailed analyses of current debates over integrating women into combat roles and the proper approach to confronting sexual harassment with the ranks. Each chapter includes concrete recommendations as to how the services should confront and manage these serious personnel problems. A survey of ROTC cadets provides additional data on the attitudes of future leaders. The book also identifies important ways in which female personnel can enhance effectiveness as the military adjusts to its changing role in the twenty-first century, particularly in peacekeeping operations.
Book Synopsis Women in Combat by : Rosemarie Skaine
Download or read book Women in Combat written by Rosemarie Skaine and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a straightforward account of how women have served in combat roles and explains the ongoing controversy surrounding efforts to legalize combat assignments for female service members. Women have been excluded from combat roles for most of American history. During conflicts such as the American Civil War, a few women enlisted as men; in some cases, their identities as women were not discovered until after their deaths. Today, the nontraditional battlefields of Iraq and Afghanistan have no clearly defined front lines, and many female soldiers have found themselves face-to-face with the enemy. Yet despite the realities of modern warfare, the subject of women serving in combat roles remains highly controversial. Women in Combat: A Reference Handbook examines the historical background, current dilemmas, and global context of this contentious issue. The author explores both sides of the argument, presenting information from leading sources and gleaned from personal interviews. Statistical data, primary source documents, a directory of organizations, and print and electronic resources offer additional insight.
Book Synopsis Waging Gendered Wars by : Paige Whaley Eager
Download or read book Waging Gendered Wars written by Paige Whaley Eager and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-24 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waging Gendered Wars examines, through the analytical lens of feminist international relations theory, how U.S. military women have impacted and been affected by the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Although women were barred from serving formally in ground combat positions within the U.S. armed forces during both wars, U.S. female soldiers are being killed in action. By examining how U.S. military women's agency as soldiers, veterans, and casualties of war affect the planning and execution of war, Whaley Eager assesses the ways in which the global world of international politics and warfare has become localized in the life and death narratives of female service personnel impacted by combat experience, homelessness, military sexual trauma, PTSD, and the deaths of fellow soldiers.
Book Synopsis Camouflage Isn't Only for Combat by : Melissa S Herbert
Download or read book Camouflage Isn't Only for Combat written by Melissa S Herbert and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 1998-08-01 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reveals the different ways women navigate the traditionally masculine environment of the military Drawing on surveys and interviews with almost 300 female military personnel, Melissa Herbert explores how women's everyday actions, such as choice of uniform, hobby, or social activity, involve the creation and re-creation of what it means to be a woman, and particularly a woman soldier. Do women feel pressured to be "more masculine," to convey that they are not a threat to men's jobs or status and to avoid being perceived as lesbians? She also examines the role of gender and sexuality in the maintenance of the male-defined military institution, proposing that, more than sexual harassment or individual discrimination, it is the military's masculine ideology--which views military service as the domain of men and as a mechanism for the achievement of manhood--which serves to limit women's participation in the military has increased dramatically. In the wake of armed conflict involving female military personnel and several sexual misconduct scandals, much attention has focused on what life is like for women in the armed services. Few, however, have examined how these women negotiate an environment that has been structured and defined as masculine.
Book Synopsis Women and Gender Perspectives in the Military by : Robert Egnell
Download or read book Women and Gender Perspectives in the Military written by Robert Egnell and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women and Gender Perspectives in the Military compares the integration of women, gender perspectives, and the women, peace, and security agenda into the armed forces of eight countries plus NATO and United Nations peacekeeping operations. This book brings a much-needed crossnational analysis of how militaries have or have not improved gender balance, what has worked and what has not, and who have been the agents for change. The country cases examined are Sweden, the Netherlands, Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Israel, Australia, and South Africa. Despite increased opportunities for women in the militaries of many countries and wider recognition of the value of including gender perspectives to enhance operational effectiveness, progress has encountered roadblocks even nearly twenty years after United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 kicked off the women, peace, and security agenda. Robert Egnell, Mayesha Alam, and the contributors to this volume conclude that there is no single model for change that can be applied to every country, but the comparative findings reveal many policy-relevant lessons while advancing scholarship about women and gendered perspectives in the military.
Book Synopsis Gender and the Military by : Helena Carreiras
Download or read book Gender and the Military written by Helena Carreiras and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-09-27 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women in the military and their relationship with war often provoke controversial reactions that reveal entrenched stereotypes and cultural values central to many societies. This is the first comparative, cross-national study of the participation of women in the armed forces of NATO countries.
Book Synopsis Gender Ideologies and Military Labor Markets in the U.S. by : Saskia Stachowitsch
Download or read book Gender Ideologies and Military Labor Markets in the U.S. written by Saskia Stachowitsch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gender Ideologies and Military Labor Markets in the U.S. offers a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between changes in military gender ideologies and structural changes in U.S. military and society. By investigating how social and military change have influenced gender ideologies, the author develops an approach that (re-)connects military gender ideologies to the social conditions of their production and distribution and explains their transformation as effects of changing social and political relations and conflicts. Examining the role of different groups of social actors, media debates on women’s military participation and gender ideologies inherent in depictions of military women, the author seeks to contextualise these ideologies are within structural change in the U.S. military and society, relating them to the gender-specific division of labour on civilian and military labor markets. This work provides a deeper understanding of the nexus between military re-structuring processes, women’s military integration, and changes of gender ideologies in regard to war and the military, and will be of great interest to students and scholars of gender, security studies and American politics.
Book Synopsis Women in the Military and in Armed Conflict by : Helena Carreiras
Download or read book Women in the Military and in Armed Conflict written by Helena Carreiras and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-26 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The debate about the role of women in war, violent conflict and the military is not only a long and ongoing one; it is also a heated and controversial one. The contributions to this anthology come from experts in the field who approach the topic from various angles thus offering different and, at times, diverging perspectives. The reader will therefore gain in-depth insight into the most important aspects and positions in the debate.
