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Gains In The Education Of Peruvian Women 1940 To 1980
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Book Synopsis Gains in the Education of Peruvian Women, 1940 to 1980 by : Elizabeth M. King
Download or read book Gains in the Education of Peruvian Women, 1940 to 1980 written by Elizabeth M. King and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What determines girls' educational attainment? School quality (measured by the number of textbooks and teachers) changes in attitudes and better economic opportunities for educated women ; parents (especially mothers') years of schooling and occupations ; and the opportunity cost of sending a girl to school - especially in rural families, or when mothers must hold jobs outside the home.
Book Synopsis Does Education Pay in the Labor Market? by : Elizabeth M. King
Download or read book Does Education Pay in the Labor Market? written by Elizabeth M. King and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examined how education and postschool vocational training affect the type and extent of labor market participation of women in Peru. It also estimated monetary returns to different levels of schooling, to formal general and technical schooling, and to training. The sample, which comprised more than 5,600 women in urban and rural Peru, was drawn from the Peruvian Living Standard Survey. More than 70 percent of these women were in the labor force at the time of the survey, about 35 percent working in paid jobs. The overall level of female labor force participation in Peru is 72 percent, and this percentage is higher in rural areas than in urban areas. The majority (60 percent) of paid female workers are self-employed, but these jobs tend to be very low paying. Women holding jobs in the public sector are the best paid. In general, the study found that education and training enhance the contribution of women in the labor market. Although education does not increase the participation of Peruvian women in the labor force (and may in fact decrease it), it alters the occupational distribution of female workers by increasing the proportion of women in paid employment. Among paid employees, education is positively related to hourly earnings; the relationship is nonlinear, with primary education showing higher returns than secondary education. The return to postsecondary education appears low and negative, except for the small fraction of women who have earned a diploma. The poor performance of the Peruvian economy since the early 1970s has influenced this result. (26 references.) (Author/KC)
Book Synopsis Women's Education in Developing Countries by : Elizabeth M. King
Download or read book Women's Education in Developing Countries written by Elizabeth M. King and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-07-01 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do women in most developing countries lag behind men in literacy? Why do women get less schooling than men? This anthology examines the educational decisions that deprive women of an equal education. It assembles the most up-to-date data, organized by region. Each paper links the data with other measures of economic and social development. This approach helps explain the effects different levels of education have on womens' fertility, mortality rates, life expectancy, and income. Also described are the effects of women's education on family welfare. The authors look at family size and women's labor status and earnings. They examine child and maternal health, as well as investments in children's education. Their investigation demonstrates that women with a better education enjoy greater economic growth and provide a more nurturing family life. It suggests that when a country denies women an equal education, the nation's welfare suffers. Current strategies used to improve schooling for girls and women are examined in detail. The authors suggest an ambitious agenda for educating women. It seeks to close the gender gap by the next century. Published for The World Bank by The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Book Synopsis Daughters of the Tharu by : Mary Ann Maslak
Download or read book Daughters of the Tharu written by Mary Ann Maslak and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-12-16 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the complex structural institutions in society, individual attitudes towards, beliefs about and values of those institutions, and the process by which the relationship between the social structure and individual agency conditions and governs girls' educational participation in Nepal.
Book Synopsis Women's Work, Education, and Family Welfare in Peru by : Barbara Knapp Herz
Download or read book Women's Work, Education, and Family Welfare in Peru written by Barbara Knapp Herz and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines ways of improving women's productivity and education and the consequences for development in Peru. It finds that women account for about 39 percent of family income in Peru. They carry the main responsibilty for child care and heavily influence family decisions on children's education and family size. Improving opportunities for women can thus be a means to foster economic and social development as well as an end in itself. The main way to expand women's opportunities is through human capital investments, notably education beyond the primary level. This will increase women's earning capacity and broaden their labor force participation -- and thereby promote economic growth, family welfare, and slower population growth. The report's findings are based on econometric analysis of the household survey data from the Peruvian Living Standards Survey (PLSS) conducted in 1985-86. The PLSS is a national probability sample of 5,100 families and 26,000 individuals.
Download or read book Letting Girls Learn written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the benefits from female education (who gains and in what ways) and the constraints (direct and opportunity costs, reflecting economics and tradition). It then outlines promising approaches for increasing female education. The demand for female education can be strengthened gradually through economic and sectoral policies that increase the returns. But, this paper focuses on education policies, many of which could be adopted now, to lower the costs, improve the quality, and increase access to education in ways that will allow more girls to attend school. It reports evidence of effectiveness and gives examples, particularly from projects involving the World Bank. Especially in poor countries, projects succeed best when they include a "package approach" to address what are typically multiple and powerful constraints to female education. The paper calls for increased monitoring and testing the cost-effectiveness of the kind of innovative packages now being tried in several developing countries.
Book Synopsis Does Divestiture Matter? by : Ahmed Galal
Download or read book Does Divestiture Matter? written by Ahmed Galal and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stock Markets, Growth, and Policy by : Ross Levine
Download or read book Stock Markets, Growth, and Policy written by Ross Levine and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Alleviating Transitory Food Crisis in Africa by : Victor Lavy
Download or read book Alleviating Transitory Food Crisis in Africa written by Victor Lavy and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food aid compensates for up to half the drop in food production during food crises in Sub-Saharan Africa; imports make up another 30 percent. Both stabilize food consumption and neutralize the effects of random shocks to domestic food production.
Download or read book A RMSM-X Model for Turkey written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Die Vermessung des Unbekannten by : Thomas Mayer
Download or read book Die Vermessung des Unbekannten written by Thomas Mayer and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-06-13 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seit uns der Glaube an die göttliche Vorsehung abhandengekommen ist, flüchten wir uns in den Versuch, die Zukunft mit mathematischen Wahrscheinlichkeiten zu vermessen und radikale Unsicherheit in berechenbare und somit versicherbare Risiken zu überführen. Da wir nicht alles privat versichern können, haben wir einen »Versicherungsstaat« errichtet, der den Auftrag hat, unsere Lebensrisiken zu minimieren und uns gegen die Restrisiken abzusichern. Doch dies ist eine Illusion. So sehr wir es uns auch wünschen mögen: Die Zukunft lässt sich nicht vermessen und fundamentale Ungewissheiten lassen sich nicht in kalkulierbare Risiken überführen. Das hat bereits die Große Finanzkrise gezeigt und wird in der Corona-Pandemie eindrucksvoll bestätigt. Dennoch schwingt sich der Staat zum obersten Risikomanager auf. Um die daraus entstehenden Kosten zu stemmen, besteuert der Staat seine Bürger bis zur teilweisen Konfiszierung ihrer Vermögen. Schlussendlich zerstört die Risikogesellschaft – in dem Bemühen, der radikalen Unsicherheit zu entgehen – sich selbst, und der Versicherungsstaat muss Konkurs anmelden. Thomas Mayer, einer der renommiertesten deutschen Wirtschaftsexperten und mehrmaliger Manager-Magazin-Bestsellerautor, zeigt, wie es dazu kam, dass wir den Umgang mit fundamentaler Ungewissheit verlernt haben, und welche tiefgreifenden Konsequenzen dies in Wirtschaft, Finanzen, Politik und Gesellschaft hat. Er bleibt jedoch nicht bei der Analyse des Problems stehen, sondern zeigt auf, wie ein richtiger Umgang mit radikaler Unsicherheit aussehen könnte, und hat konkrete Empfehlungen für den Einzelnen, der unter den Bedingungen einer kurzsichtigen Politik wirtschaftliche Entscheidungen für die Zukunft treffen muss. »Thomas Mayer ist einer der besten Kenner der Marktwirtschaft sowie des Finanz- und Geldsystems, einer, der [...] nicht im Elfenbeinturm der Wissenschaft stecken bleibt.« Frank Schäffler
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of Neutral Trade Policy Incentives Under Increasing Returns to Scale by :
Download or read book An Evaluation of Neutral Trade Policy Incentives Under Increasing Returns to Scale written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conversion Factors written by Michael Hee and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Time series of alternative conversion factors and of corresponding weights provides the framework for estimating overall conversion factors that are analytically relevant and meaningful.
Book Synopsis Adjustment, Investment, and the Real Exchange Rate in Developing Countries by :
Download or read book Adjustment, Investment, and the Real Exchange Rate in Developing Countries written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LDC adjustment packages Riccardo Faini and Jaime de Melo Developing countries have been hit by a fall in their terms of trade, high real interest rates on their external debt, and a drought in commercial lending from abroad. Their subsequent adjustment packages, often supported by loans from the IMF and World Bank, focused on a sharp real exchange rate depreciation to restore external balance and a host of microeconomic reforms to secure a simultaneous supply-side improvement. This paper examines the success of these ‘adjustment with growth' packages in a large sample of developing countries. We find these packages have been much more successful in LDCs which export manufactures than they have in those concentrating on primary exports (primarily low-income African countries); the latter have not resumed sustainable growth, and most of their external adjustment has arisen from expenditure reduction, not an increase in supply. The longer-term prospects for manufacturing exporters are also brighter: there we detect signs of increased efficiency and a smaller decline in investment than in primary exporters. But we also find that a high external debt burden and an unstable macroeconomic environment impede investment in all LDCs. In the longer term, adjustment with growth packages will succeed only if they are accompanied by a more stable macroeconomic environment and appropriate debt relief
Book Synopsis The Changing Role of the State by : Arturo Israel
Download or read book The Changing Role of the State written by Arturo Israel and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quality - not the size - of the state is what counts. And a prerequisite for changing the role of the state is an improved political process. Without that, any new development strategy will fail.
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of the Main Elements in the Leading Proposals to Phase Out the Multi-fibre Arrangement by : Refik Erzan
Download or read book An Evaluation of the Main Elements in the Leading Proposals to Phase Out the Multi-fibre Arrangement written by Refik Erzan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two approaches took the lead in the negotiations to dismantle the Multi-Fibre Arrangement (MFA): (1) a phaseout within the framework of the MFA, proposed by developing countries, the EC, Japan, and the Nordic countries, and (2) a new transitional structure relying on global quotas with country allotments for current quota holders, suggested by the United States and Canada.
Book Synopsis Methods for Measuring the Effect of Adjustment Policies on Income Distribution by : Anne Maasland
Download or read book Methods for Measuring the Effect of Adjustment Policies on Income Distribution written by Anne Maasland and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are a variety of approaches, and country issues and data availability will determine the most practical approach.
