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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Global Energy Futures and the Carbon Dioxide Problem written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309208939
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Climate Stabilization Targets written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-02-11 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emissions of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels have ushered in a new epoch where human activities will largely determine the evolution of Earth's climate. Because carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is long lived, it can effectively lock the Earth and future generations into a range of impacts, some of which could become very severe. Emissions reductions decisions made today matter in determining impacts experienced not just over the next few decades, but in the coming centuries and millennia. According to Climate Stabilization Targets: Emissions, Concentrations, and Impacts Over Decades to Millennia, important policy decisions can be informed by recent advances in climate science that quantify the relationships between increases in carbon dioxide and global warming, related climate changes, and resulting impacts, such as changes in streamflow, wildfires, crop productivity, extreme hot summers, and sea level rise. One way to inform these choices is to consider the projected climate changes and impacts that would occur if greenhouse gases in the atmosphere were stabilized at a particular concentration level. The book quantifies the outcomes of different stabilization targets for greenhouse gas concentrations using analyses and information drawn from the scientific literature. Although it does not recommend or justify any particular stabilization target, it does provide important scientific insights about the relationships among emissions, greenhouse gas concentrations, temperatures, and impacts. Climate Stabilization Targets emphasizes the importance of 21st century choices regarding long-term climate stabilization. It is a useful resource for scientists, educators and policy makers, among others.
Author : I. G. Enting
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Future Emissions and Concentrations of Carbon Dioxide written by I. G. Enting and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Govinda R. Timilsina
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Atmospheric Stabilization of Co2 Emissions: Near-term Reductions and Intensity-based Targets written by Govinda R. Timilsina and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyzes CO, emissions reduction targets for various countries and geopolitical regions by the year 2030 to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of CO2 at 450ppm (550ppm including non-CO2, greenhouse gases) level. It also determines CO2 intensity cuts that would be required in those countries and regions if the emission reductions were to be achieved through intensity-based targets without curtailing their expected economic growth. Considering that the stabilization of CO, concentrations at 450ppm requires the global trend of CO2 emissions to be reversed before 2030, this study develops two scenarios: reversing the global CO2 trend in (i) 2020 and (ii) 2025. The study shows that global CO2 emissions would be limited at 42 percent above 1990 level in 2030 if the increasing trend of global CO2, emissions were to be reversed by 2020. If reversing the trend is delayed by 5 years, global CO2 emissions in 2030 would be 52 percent higher than the 1990 level. The study also finds that to achieve these targets while maintaining expected economic growth, the global average CO2 intensity would require a 68 percent drop from the 1990 level or a 60 percent drop from the 2004 level by 2030. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Author : Brian Dawson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134021259
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)
Download or read book The Complete Guide to Climate Change written by Brian Dawson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-11-28 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative and easy to use A to Z guide to the key scientific, geographical and socio-political concepts central to the study of climate change. Taking you through the latest thinking on global warming, environmental damage and risk, this book has everything you will need to know perhaps the biggest issue facing mankind today.
Author : Anthony Wayne King
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book A Plan for Intermodel Comparison of Atmospheric CO2 Projections with Uncertainty Analysis written by Anthony Wayne King and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jae Edmonds
Publisher : William Andrew
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Future Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Scenarios and Limitation Strategies written by Jae Edmonds and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 1986 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309151767
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Climate Stabilization Targets written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-03-11 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emissions of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels have ushered in a new epoch where human activities will largely determine the evolution of Earth's climate. Because carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is long lived, it can effectively lock the Earth and future generations into a range of impacts, some of which could become very severe. Emissions reductions decisions made today matter in determining impacts experienced not just over the next few decades, but in the coming centuries and millennia. According to Climate Stabilization Targets: Emissions, Concentrations, and Impacts Over Decades to Millennia, important policy decisions can be informed by recent advances in climate science that quantify the relationships between increases in carbon dioxide and global warming, related climate changes, and resulting impacts, such as changes in streamflow, wildfires, crop productivity, extreme hot summers, and sea level rise. One way to inform these choices is to consider the projected climate changes and impacts that would occur if greenhouse gases in the atmosphere were stabilized at a particular concentration level. The book quantifies the outcomes of different stabilization targets for greenhouse gas concentrations using analyses and information drawn from the scientific literature. Although it does not recommend or justify any particular stabilization target, it does provide important scientific insights about the relationships among emissions, greenhouse gas concentrations, temperatures, and impacts. Climate Stabilization Targets emphasizes the importance of 21st century choices regarding long-term climate stabilization. It is a useful resource for scientists, educators and policy makers, among others.
Author : I. G. Enting
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Projections of Future CO2 written by I. G. Enting and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Science and Observation Recommendations for Future NASA Carbon Cycle Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert G. Watts
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1598293400
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (982 download)
Download or read book Global Warming and the Future of the Earth written by Robert G. Watts and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The globally averaged surface temperature of the Earth has increased during the past century by about 0.7°C. Most of the increase can be attributed to the greenhouse effect, the increase in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide that is emitted when fossil fuels are burned to produce energy.The book begins with the important distinction between weather and climate, followed by data showing how carbon dioxide has increased and the incontrovertible evidence that it is caused by burning fossil fuels (i.e., coal, oil, and natural gas). I also address the inevitable skepticism that global warming arouses and offer a number of responses to the global warming skeptics. After dealing with the skeptics, I analyze both the current and future effects of global warming. These future effects are based on scenarios or "storylines" put forth by the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. In closing, I address the controversial (and grim) suggestion that we have already passed the "tipping point," which is the time after which, regardless of our future actions, global warming will cause considerable hardship on human society. I intend this book to be approachable for all concerned citizens, but especially students of the sciences and engineering who will soon be in a position to make a difference in the areas of energy and the environment. I have tried to frame the debate in terms of what the engineering community must do to help combat global warming. We have no choice but to think in terms of global environmental constraints as we design new power plants, factories, automobiles, buildings, and homes. The best thing for scientists to do is to present what we know, clearly separating what is known from what is suspected, in a non-apocalyptic manner. If matters are clearly and passionately presented to the public, we must be prepared to accept the will of the people. This presents the scientific community with an enormous responsibility, perhaps unlike any we have had in the past.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030914597X
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Limiting the Magnitude of Future Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-06 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change, driven by the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, poses serious, wide-ranging threats to human societies and natural ecosystems around the world. The largest overall source of greenhouse gas emissions is the burning of fossil fuels. The global atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide, the dominant greenhouse gas of concern, is increasing by roughly two parts per million per year, and the United States is currently the second-largest contributor to global emissions behind China. Limiting the Magnitude of Future Climate Change, part of the congressionally requested America's Climate Choices suite of studies, focuses on the role of the United States in the global effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The book concludes that in order to ensure that all levels of government, the private sector, and millions of households and individuals are contributing to shared national goals, the United States should establish a "budget" that sets a limit on total domestic greenhouse emissions from 2010-2050. Meeting such a budget would require a major departure from business as usual in the way the nation produces and uses energy-and that the nation act now to aggressively deploy all available energy efficiencies and less carbon-intensive technologies and to develop new ones. With no financial incentives or regulatory pressure, the nation will continue to rely upon and "lock in" carbon-intensive technologies and systems unless a carbon pricing system is established-either cap-and-trade, a system of taxing emissions, or a combination of the two. Complementary policies are also needed to accelerate progress in key areas: developing more efficient, less carbon-intense energy sources in electricity and transportation; advancing full-scale development of new-generation nuclear power, carbon capture, and storage systems; and amending emissions-intensive energy infrastructure. Research and development of new technologies that could help reduce emissions more cost effectively than current options is also strongly recommended.
Author : John T. Houghton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521550550
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (55 download)
Download or read book Climate Change 1994 written by John T. Houghton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-05-04 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United Nations Environment Program and the World Meterological Organization set up the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1988 to provide an authoritative international consensus of scientific opinion on climate change. This report, prepared by IPCC Working Groups I and II, reviews the latest scientific evidence on the following key topics: radiative forcing of climate change; the latest values of global warming potential (used to compare the potential effect on future climate of different anthropogenic factors); the stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere; and an evaluation of scenarios of future greenhouse gas emissions. Researchers in climatology and environmental science, as well as environmental and science policy, will benefit from this book.
Author : David A. N. Ussiri
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319538454
Total Pages : 554 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)
Download or read book Carbon Sequestration for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation written by David A. N. Ussiri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-28 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an understanding of the role of human activities in accelerating change in global carbon cycling summarizes current knowledge of the contemporary carbon budget. Starting from the geological history, this volume follows a multidisciplinary approach to analyze the role of human activities in perturbing carbon cycling by quantifying changes in different reservoirs and fluxes of carbon with emphasis on the anthropogenic activities, especially after the industrial revolution. It covers the role of different mitigation options – natural ecological, engineered, and geoengineered processes as well as the emerging field of climate engineering in avoiding dangerous abrupt climate change. Although the targeted audience is the educators, students, researchers and scientific community, the simplified analysis and synthesis of current and up to date scientific literature makes the volume easier to understand and a tool policy makers can use to make an informed policy decisions.
Author : Mark Heil
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Future Inequality in CO2 Emissions and the Projected Impact of Abatement Proposals written by Mark Heil and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under business-as-usual projections to the year 2100, inequality in per capita carbon emissions is likely to decline-but slowly. Targeted reductions should be effective in reducing not only total emissions but emissions inequality. Heil and Wodon analyze inequality in future carbon emissions using a group decomposition of the Gini index. Business-as-usual projections to the year 2100 for 135 countries show inequality in per capita emissions declining, but slowly. They also measure the impact on emissions levels and inequality of the Kyoto Protocol and other abatement proposals for Annex II (non-Eastern European high income) countries in 2010, focusing on the their gap-narrowing and reranking effects. Per capita emissions of Annex II and non-Annex II countries will probably not be substantially reranked unless the Annex II countries reduce their emissions by at least half (from 1990 levels) and emissions from non-Annex II countries continue growing unabated. This paper-a product of the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Sector Unit, Latin America and Caribbean Region-is part of a larger effort in the region to analyze the implications of economic growth. The author may be contacted at [email protected].
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309391482
Total Pages : 73 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Assessment of Approaches to Updating the Social Cost of Carbon written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-02-26 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The social cost of carbon (SCC) for a given year is an estimate, in dollars, of the present discounted value of the damage caused by a 1-metric ton increase in CO2 emissions into the atmosphere in that year; or equivalently, the benefits of reducing CO2 emissions by the same amount in that given year. The SCC is intended to provide a comprehensive measure of the monetized value of the net damages from global climate change from an additional unit of CO2, including, but not limited to, changes in net agricultural productivity, energy use, human health effects, and property damages from increased flood risk. Federal agencies use the SCC to value the CO2 emissions impacts of various policies including emission and fuel economy standards for vehicles, regulations of industrial air pollutants from industrial manufacturing, emission standards for power plants and solid waste incineration, and appliance energy efficiency standards. There are significant challenges to estimating a dollar value that reflects all the physical, human, ecological, and economic impacts of climate change. Recognizing that the models and scientific data underlying the SCC estimates evolve and improve over time, the federal government made a commitment to provide regular updates to the estimates. To assist with future revisions of the SCC, the Interagency Working Group on the Social Cost of Carbon (IWG) requested the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine complete a study that assessed the merits and challenges of a limited near-term update to the SCC and of a comprehensive update of the SCC to ensure that the estimates reflect the best available science. This interim report focuses on near-term updates to the SCC estimates.
Author : John R. Trabalka
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 632 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book The Changing Carbon Cycle written by John R. Trabalka and published by Springer. This book was released on 1986 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States Government, cognizant of its responsibilities to future generations, has been sponsoring research for nine years into the causes, effects, and potential impacts of increased concentrations of carbon dioxide (C0 ) in the atmosphere. Agencies such as the National Science Foun 2 dation, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) cooperatively spent about $100 million from FY 1978 through FY 1984 directly on the study of CO The DOE, as the 2 lead government agency for coordinating the government' s research ef forts, has been responsible for about 60% of these research efforts. William James succinctly defined our purpose when he stated science must be based upon " ... irreducible and stubborn facts." Scientific knowledge can and will reduce the present significant uncertainty sur rounding our understanding of the causes, effects, and potential impacts of increasing atmospheric CO2 We have come far during the past seven years in resolving some underlyinig doubts and in narrowing the ranges of disagreement. Basic concepts have become less murky. Yet, much more must be accomplished; more irreducible and stubborn facts are needed to reduce the uncertainties so that we can improve our knowledge base. Uncertainty can never be reduced to zero. However, with a much improved knowledge base, we will be able to learn, under stand, and be in a position to make decisions."
