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From Pap Smears To Hpv Vaccines Evolution Of The Cervical Cancer Prevention Industry
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Book Synopsis From Pap Smear to HPV Vaccine by : Sin Hang Lee
Download or read book From Pap Smear to HPV Vaccine written by Sin Hang Lee and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive analysis of how the HPV industry has invaded and eroded the women's health care system in the field of cervical cancer prevention. The analysis based on currently available science and public records provides the readers interested in cervical cytopathology, HPV molecular diagnostics and HPV vaccination with a clear understanding of issues and solutions to cervical cancer prevention. Pap smear screening in the United States was first implemented as an annual test in the late 1940s. Its widespread use for early detection of precancerous cells destined to proceed to invasive carcinoma for timely ablative treatment markedly reduced the morbidity and mortality rates of cervical cancer. No one should die of cervical cancer if every woman continued receiving proper annual Pap smear screening carried out by a team of cytology technologist, pathologist and gynecologist. However, this teamwork broke down when cytology samples were sent to geographically distant centralized commercial laboratories for screening. Under such business atmosphere, cytology screeners, pathologists and gynecologists hardly speak to one another to discuss any potential diagnostic problems. Overwhelming numbers of unnecessary colposcopic biopsies have been performed on essentially healthy women when "false positive" cytology reports are sent to their gynecologists. However, it is the false-negative results which draw public attention while stories about Pap smear litigation cases are circulated around social media sites when follow-up tests unexpectedly reveal an invasive cancer during the patient's annual screening. Further chaos was created after human papillomavirus (HPV) infections were discovered by Dr. Harald zur Hausen to be one of the most important risk factors for developing cervical cancer. A handful of opportunists successfully persuaded the Food and Drug Administration to regulate their HPV assays as cancer tests and anti-HPV vaccines as cancer vaccines so that they can market these products by tapping into the public's fear of cancer. Commercial HPV tests detect many reversible cytopathology changes with high viral loads per cell, but are not sensitive enough to detect high-grade precancerous cells with low viral loads per cell. Without performing DNA sequencing, none of these test kits can provide an accurate genotyping for follow-up of persistent HPV infections, a true cancer risk. This book points out there is no factual evidence that HPV vaccination has prevented a single case of cervical cancer. Using reversible precancerous histologic changes as surrogate endpoints in clinical trials to support the claim of efficacy of HPV vaccination in prevention of cervical cancer is flawed. Since the HPV vaccine Gardasil relies on using residual HPV L1 gene DNA fragments bound to aluminum salt as the toll-like receptor 9 agonist to boost innate immune response, high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines are generated in the vaccinees. These pro-inflammatory cytokines may cause serious adverse events in genetically and physically predisposed individuals. Women consumers are advised to read this book before choosing the modalities for cervical cancer prevention to protect their own health and lives as well as those of their loved ones.
Author :Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation Publisher : ISBN 13 :9780660193922 Total Pages :392 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (939 download)
Book Synopsis Canadian Immunization Guide by : Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation
Download or read book Canadian Immunization Guide written by Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seventh edition of the Canadian Immunization Guide was developed by the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI), with the support ofthe Immunization and Respiratory Infections Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, to provide updated information and recommendations on the use of vaccines in Canada. The Public Health Agency of Canada conducted a survey in 2004, which confi rmed that the Canadian Immunization Guide is a very useful and reliable resource of information on immunization.
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Control by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Control written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most women who die from cervical cancer, particularly in developing countries, are in the prime of their life. They may be raising children, caring for their family, and contributing to the social and economic life of their town or village. Their death is both a personal tragedy, and a sad and unnecessary loss to their family and their community. Unnecessary, because there is compelling evidence, as this Guide makes clear, that cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable forms of cancer, as long as it is detected early and managed effectively. Unfortunately, the majority of women in developing countries still do not have access to cervical cancer prevention programmes. The consequence is that, often, cervical cancer is not detected until it is too late to be cured. An urgent effort is required if this situation is to be corrected. This Guide is intended to help those responsible for providing services aimed at reducing the burden posed by cervical cancer for women, communities and health systems. It focuses on the knowledge and skills needed by health care providers, at different levels of care.
Book Synopsis The Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology by : Ritu Nayar
Download or read book The Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology written by Ritu Nayar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-13 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers clear, up-to-date guidance on how to report cytologic findings in cervical, vaginal and anal samples in accordance with the 2014 Bethesda System Update. The new edition has been expanded and revised to take into account the advances and experience of the past decade. A new chapter has been added, the terminology and text have been updated, and various terminological and morphologic questions have been clarified. In addition, new images are included that reflect the experience gained with liquid-based cytology since the publication of the last edition in 2004. Among more than 300 images, some represent classic examples of an entity while others illustrate interpretative dilemmas, borderline cytomorphologic features or mimics of epithelial abnormalities. The Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology, with its user-friendly format, is a “must have” for pathologists, cytopathologists, pathology residents, cytotechnologists, and clinicians.
Book Synopsis Clinical Gynecology by : Eric J. Bieber
Download or read book Clinical Gynecology written by Eric J. Bieber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 1127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written with the busy practice in mind, this book delivers clinically focused, evidence-based gynecology guidance in a quick-reference format. It explores etiology, screening, tests, diagnosis, and treatment for a full range of gynecologic health issues. The coverage includes the full range of gynecologic malignancies, reproductive endocrinology and infertility, infectious diseases, urogynecologic problems, gynecologic concerns in children and adolescents, and surgical interventions including minimally invasive surgical procedures. Information is easy to find and absorb owing to the extensive use of full-color diagrams, algorithms, and illustrations. The new edition has been expanded to include aspects of gynecology important in international and resource-poor settings.
Book Synopsis Red Book 2015 by : David W. Kimberlin
Download or read book Red Book 2015 written by David W. Kimberlin and published by . This book was released on 2015-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The AAP's authoritative guide to the manifestations, etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of more than 200 childhood conditions." -- Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis HPV and Cancer by : James A. Radosevich
Download or read book HPV and Cancer written by James A. Radosevich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-14 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “HPV and Cancer” is a concise read that covers all aspects of the Human Papilloma Virus as it relates to human cancers. While written by professionals, it design to be understandable by those that are not in the field, yet it has the technical details that professionals want to stay abreast of this changing field. The book starts out the history of HPV and progresses into the molecular biology of the virus and our current understand of the structure and functions of the proteins and genes it encodes. We then look at the dynamic trends of this infectious agent in the human population, how it interacts with human cells, and the role it plays with other organisms to produce both benign and malignant tumors. Lastly, there is a discussion about a new vaccine for HPV and the hopes that are held by many to change the trends with this virus and the associated cancers it produces.
Book Synopsis Decision Analytics and Optimization in Disease Prevention and Treatment by : Nan Kong
Download or read book Decision Analytics and Optimization in Disease Prevention and Treatment written by Nan Kong and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic review of the most current decision models and techniques for disease prevention and treatment Decision Analytics and Optimization in Disease Prevention and Treatment offers a comprehensive resource of the most current decision models and techniques for disease prevention and treatment. With contributions from leading experts in the field, this important resource presents information on the optimization of chronic disease prevention, infectious disease control and prevention, and disease treatment and treatment technology. Designed to be accessible, in each chapter the text presents one decision problem with the related methodology to showcase the vast applicability of operations research tools and techniques in advancing medical decision making. This vital resource features the most recent and effective approaches to the quickly growing field of healthcare decision analytics, which involves cost-effectiveness analysis, stochastic modeling, and computer simulation. Throughout the book, the contributors discuss clinical applications of modeling and optimization techniques to assist medical decision making within complex environments. Accessible and authoritative, Decision Analytics and Optimization in Disease Prevention and Treatment: Presents summaries of the state-of-the-art research that has successfully utilized both decision analytics and optimization tools within healthcare operations research Highlights the optimization of chronic disease prevention, infectious disease control and prevention, and disease treatment and treatment technology Includes contributions by well-known experts from operations researchers to clinical researchers, and from data scientists to public health administrators Offers clarification on common misunderstandings and misnomers while shedding light on new approaches in this growing area Designed for use by academics, practitioners, and researchers, Decision Analytics and Optimization in Disease Prevention and Treatment offers a comprehensive resource for accessing the power of decision analytics and optimization tools within healthcare operations research.
Book Synopsis Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer by : International Agency for Research on Cancer
Download or read book Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer written by International Agency for Research on Cancer and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews the evidence for a causal link between sexually transmitted infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) and the occurrence of cervical cancer, from a variety of different angles. Epidemiological studies and clinical, pathological, and cytological aspects of HPV infection are reviewed. Modern methods for analyzing HPV-DNA types by molecular biological techniques are described, and the statistical problems to be overcome in epidemiological work are explained. The volume was prepared by a broad team of experts from around the world, who met in Copenhagen in March 1988 to reach a consensus on the present state of understanding and to establish directions for future work.
Book Synopsis Cancer Vaccines and Immunotherapy by : Peter L. Stern
Download or read book Cancer Vaccines and Immunotherapy written by Peter L. Stern and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-08-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid progress in the definition of tumor antigens, and improved immunization methods, bring effective cancer vaccines within reach. In this wide-ranging survey, leading clinicians and scientists review therapeutic cancer vaccine strategies against a variety of diseases and molecular targets. Intended for an interdisciplinary readership, their contributions cover the rationale, development, and implementation of vaccines in human cancer treatment, with specific reference to cancer of the cervix, breast, colon, bladder, and prostate, and to melanoma and lymphoma. They review target identification, delivery vectors and clinical trial design. The book begins and ends with lucid overviews from the editors, that discuss the most recent developments.
Book Synopsis Cervical Cancer Screening in Developing Countries by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Cervical Cancer Screening in Developing Countries written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2002 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide, with 80 per cent of deaths occurring in developing countries. It is an important area for cancer control programmes because of the burden of the disease and the potential for effective prevention via screening. This publication is based on a comprehensive consultation undertaken by WHO in 2001, involving leading experts in the field of cancer epidemiology, screening and treatment. It focuses on the current situation in low and middle income countries, discusses the efficacy of screening methods available, and assesses potential future developments.
Download or read book Gardasil written by Helen Lobato and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author argues that there is no evidence of how much cervical cancer HPV vaccine will prevent. What is emerging, however, is evidence of its harmful effects. In the nine years since the experimental HPV vaccination program began, there have been 255 associated deaths worldwide and 43,000 adverse events. Gardasil was fast-tracked through the FDA, a process usually reserved for serious diseases where a new drug required to fill an unmet and urgent medial need. Yet the incidence of cervical cancer had already been markedly in decline due to Pap smear programs. This in-depth investigation of the approval of a vaccine exposes cracks in the pharmaceutical industry and highlights the problems that arise when government regulators and corporate interests are prioritised ahead of patient safety and independent science.
Book Synopsis Cancer Survival in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean and Central America by : R. Sankaranarayanan
Download or read book Cancer Survival in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean and Central America written by R. Sankaranarayanan and published by IARC Scientific Publications. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Population-based cancer survival rates offer an important benchmark for measuring a health care system's overall effectiveness in the fight against cancer. While this type of information on high-resource countries is readily available, Cancer Survival in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean and Central America presents in-depth cancer survival data from 27 population-based cancer registries in 14 low- and middle-resource countries. The striking inequalities in cancer survival between countries and within countries described in this volume are largely related to the differences in general awareness, availability of early detection practices, trained human resources, diagnosis and treatment and the development and accessibility to cancer services, as well as, to a lesser extent, to issues of data quality and reliability. The differences in cancer survival reported in populations observed between and within countries studied in this volume provide valuable insights for future planning and investment by governments in primary prevention activities, early detection initiatives and tertiary care to achieve meaningful cancer control. The calendar period of registration of incident cases for the present study ranges between 1990 and 2001. Data on 564 606 cases of 1-56 cancer sites from different registries are reported. Data from eleven registries were utilized for eliciting survival trend and seventeen registries for reporting survival by clinical extent of disease. Besides chapters on every registry and general chapters on methodology, database and overview, the availability of online comparative statistics on cancer survival data by participating registries or cancer site in the form of tables or graphs is an added feature.
Author :Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Walter Prendiville Publisher : ISBN 13 :9789283224587 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (245 download)
Book Synopsis Colposcopy and Treatment of Cervical Precancer [OP] by : Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Walter Prendiville
Download or read book Colposcopy and Treatment of Cervical Precancer [OP] written by Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Walter Prendiville and published by . This book was released on 2017-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This colposcopy manual was developed in the context of the cervical cancer screening research studies of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the related technical support provided to national programs. It is thus a highly comprehensive manual, both for the training of new colposcopists and for the continuing education and reorientation of those who are more experienced. This manual offers a valuable learning resource, incorporating recent developments in the understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), as well as in colposcopy and cervical pathology. Expertise in performing satisfactory, safe, and accurate colposcopic examinations requires high competence in the technical, interpretive, and cognitive aspects, and the capability to develop pragmatic and effective management plans and treatment. This comprehensive and concise manual covers all these aspects and serves as a useful handbook for acquiring the necessary skills for the visual recognition and interpretation of colposcopic findings and for developing the personal and professional attributes required for competence in colposcopy.
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Control by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Control written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2016-11-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication gives a broad vision of what a comprehensive approach to cervical cancer prevention and control means. In particular, it outlines the complementary strategies for comprehensive cervical cancer prevention and control, and highlights the need for collaboration across programs, organizations and partners. This new guide updates the 2006 edition and includes the recent promising developments in technologies and strategies that can address the gaps between the needs for and availability of services for cervical cancer prevention and control. In the last few years, there has been an emergence of ground-breaking new strategies in cervical cancer prevention and control. Because such strategies require evidence-based evaluation for decision-making in clinical practice and program planning, a World Health Organization (WHO) Steering Committee and a group of invited experts met in Geneva, Switzerland, in September 2010, to ensure that the WHO's guidance on cervical cancer continues to encompass all the relevant technologies and strategies. This edition of the guide has two new chapters: Chapter 2: Essentials for cervical cancer prevention and control programs and Chapter 4: HPV vaccination. One chapter has been newly organized: Chapter 5: Screening and treatment of cervical pre-cancer. All other chapters have been thoroughly updated and edited as needed. This guide aims to assist those responsible for providing services aimed at reducing the burden of cervical cancer on women, their communities and health systems. It focuses on the knowledge, best practices and communication skills needed by health-care providers working at community and primary and secondary levels of care to offer quality services for prevention, screening, treatment and palliative care for cervical cancer: the full continuum of care. The guide is intended primarily for health-care providers in health centers and district hospitals who deal with women's health and/or adolescent's health, but it may also be of interest to community-based and tertiary-level providers. Providers and managers at the sub-national level whose responsibilities may include program planning would be interested in Chapter 2 on program essentials, which covers implementation, monitoring and evaluating, and/or supervising and training other health-care providers. National-level decision-makers will find updated evidence-based information in this guide on what works in cervical cancer prevention and control programs, which may be of use as a basis for updating their own guidelines and protocols.
Book Synopsis New Developments in Cervical Cancer Screening and Prevention by : Eduardo Franco
Download or read book New Developments in Cervical Cancer Screening and Prevention written by Eduardo Franco and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1997-05-12 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Research Organisation on Genital Infection and Neoplasia (or EUROGIN) brings together clinicians and scientists who work on genital infections and their relationship to cancer. The aim of EUROGIN is to promote and develop research, training, screening, prevention and information on genital infections, precancers and cancers in women. This book reviews the latest developments in the epidemiology, natural history and screening of cervical cancer. It also deals with management of cervical cancer, development of vaccines against the human papilloma virus (its major causative agent), and new technologies such as automated screening, HPV Testing and adjuvant tests to cytology. The final and most important part of the book is a lengthy list of guidelines developed by these EUROGIN experts: a major outcome for which the meetings are held.
Book Synopsis European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Cervical Cancer Screening by : Marc Arbyn
Download or read book European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Cervical Cancer Screening written by Marc Arbyn and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recoge: 1. Epidemiological guidelines for quality assurance in cervical cancer screening - 2. Methods for screening and diagnosis - 3. Laboratory guidelines and quality assurance practices for cytology - 4. Techniques and quality assurance guidelines for histopathology - 5. Management of abnormal cervical cytology - 6. Key performance indicators - 7. Annexes.
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