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From Descartes To Hume
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Book Synopsis The Early Modern Subject by : Udo Thiel
Download or read book The Early Modern Subject written by Udo Thiel and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2011-09-29 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Udo Thiel presents a critical evaluation of the understanding of self-consciousness and personal identity in early modern philosophy. He explores over a century of European philosophical debate from Descartes to Hume, and argues that our interest in human subjectivity remains strongly influenced by the conceptual framework of early modern thought.
Book Synopsis From Descartes to Hume by : Louis E. Loeb
Download or read book From Descartes to Hume written by Louis E. Loeb and published by . This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Custom and Reason in Hume by : Henry E. Allison
Download or read book Custom and Reason in Hume written by Henry E. Allison and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-09-02 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Henry Allison examines the central tenets of Hume's epistemology and cognitive psychology, as contained in the Treatise of Human Nature. Allison takes a distinctive two-level approach. On the one hand, he considers Hume's thought in its own terms and historical context. So considered, Hume is viewed as a naturalist, whose project in the first three parts of the first book of the Treatise is to provide an account of the operation of the understanding in which reason is subordinated to custom and other non-rational propensities. Scepticism arises in the fourth part as a form of metascepticism, directed not against first-order beliefs, but against philosophical attempts to ground these beliefs in the "space of reasons." On the other hand, Allison provides a critique of these tenets from a Kantian perspective. This involves a comparison of the two thinkers on a range of issues, including space and time, causation, existence, induction, and the self. In each case, the issue is seen to turn on a contrast between their underlying models of cognition. Hume is committed to a version of the perceptual model, according to which the paradigm of knowledge is a seeing with the "mind's eye" of the relation between mental contents. By contrast, Kant appeals to a discursive model in which the fundamental cognitive act is judgment, understood as the application of concepts to sensory data, Whereas regarded from the first point of view, Hume's account is deemed a major philosophical achievement, seen from the second it suffers from a failure to develop an adequate account of concepts and judgment.
Download or read book Descartes and Hume written by Ezra Talmor and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1980 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding by : David Hume
Download or read book An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding written by David Hume and published by Standard Ebooks. This book was released on 2024-09-09T19:27:34Z with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A foundational text in empiricism and skepticism, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding comprehensively examines the nature of human cognition, the limits of human knowledge, and the role of reason in understanding the world. Hume argues that our understanding of the world is based on custom, habit, and experience, rather than pure reason or innate knowledge. He challenges the notions of causality, induction, and the concepts of connections between cause and effect, arguing that our understanding of these relationships is based on probability and custom. It lays the groundwork for modern philosophy, emphasizing the importance of empirical evidence and the role of human psychology in shaping our beliefs and understanding of reality. This book is part of the Standard Ebooks project, which produces free public domain ebooks.
Book Synopsis Hume, Passion, and Action by : Elizabeth Schmidt Radcliffe
Download or read book Hume, Passion, and Action written by Elizabeth Schmidt Radcliffe and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: David Hume's theory of action is well known for several provocative theses, including that passion and reason cannot be opposed over the direction of action. Elizabeth S. Radcliffe defends an original interpretation of Hume's views on passion, reason, and motivation which is consistent with other theses in Hume's philosophy, loyal to his texts, and historically situated. She challenges the now orthodox interpretation of Hume on motivation, presenting an alternative that situates Hume closer to "Humeans" than many recent interpreters have. Part of the strategy is to examine the thinking of the early modern intellectuals to whom Hume responds. Most of these thinkers insisted that passions lead us to pursue harmful objects unless regulated by reason; and most regarded passions as representations of good and evil, which can be false. Understanding Hume's response to these claims requires appreciating his respective characterizations of reason and passion. The author argues that Hume's thesis that reason is practically impotent apart from passion is about beliefs generated by reason, rather than about the capacity of reason. Furthermore, the argument makes sense of Hume's sometimes-ridiculed description of passions as "original existences" having no reference to objects. The author also shows how Hume understood morality as intrinsically motivating, while holding that moral beliefs are not themselves motives, and why he thought of passions as self-regulating, contrary to the admonitions of the rationalists.
Book Synopsis How To Read Descartes by : John G. Cottingham
Download or read book How To Read Descartes written by John G. Cottingham and published by Granta Books. This book was released on 2014-04-03 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'I realized it was necessary to demolish everything and start again right from the foundations, if I wanted to establish anything in the sciences that was stable and likely to last.' Ren Descartes Revered as the 'father of modern philosophy', Descartes is one of the most influential philosophers of all time, but his ideas are also highly controversial and have been subjected to intense criticism by present-day philosophers. John Cottingham examines Descartes's remarkable attempt to construct a new basis for scientific understanding, his famous first principle, 'I am thinking, therefore I exist,' and his notorious and often misunderstood account of the relation between mind and body. He also tackles fascinating and lesser-known aspects of Descartes's philosophy, including his views on language, human and animal nature, the role of the emotions in the good life, and the place of God in science and ethics. Extracts are taken from the whole range of Descartes's writings, including the Discourse on the Method, Meditations on First Philosophy, Principles of Philosophy and his last book, the Passions of the Soul, as well as extracts from his philosophical letters.
Book Synopsis Learning from Six Philosophers: Volume 2 by : Jonathan Bennett
Download or read book Learning from Six Philosophers: Volume 2 written by Jonathan Bennett and published by Learning from Six Philosophers. This book was released on 2001-02-22 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jonathan Bennett engages with the thought of six great thinkers of the early modern period: Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume. While not neglecting the historical setting of each, his chief focus is on the words they wrote. What problem is being tackled? How exactly is the solution meant to work? Does it succeed? If not, why not? What can we learn from its success or its failure? These questions reflect Bennett's dedication to engaging with philosophy as philosophy,not as museum exhibit, and they require a close and demanding attention to textual details; these being two features that characterize all Bennett's work on early modern philosophy.For newcomers to the early modern scene, this clearly written work is an excellent introduction to it. Those already in the know can learn how to argue with the great philosophers of the past, treating them as colleagues, antagonists, students, teachers.
Book Synopsis The First-Person Perspective and Other Essays by : Sydney Shoemaker
Download or read book The First-Person Perspective and Other Essays written by Sydney Shoemaker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-09-13 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sydney Shoemaker is one of the most influential philosophers currently writing on philosophy of mind and metaphysics. The essays in this collection deal with the way in which we know our own minds, and with the nature of those mental states of which we have our most direct conscious awareness. Professor Shoemaker opposes the 'inner sense' conception of introspective self-knowledge. He defends the view that perceptual and sensory states have non-representational features - 'qualia' - that determine what it is like to have them. Amongst the other topics covered are the unity of consciousness, and the idea that the 'first-person perspective' gives a privileged route to philosophical understanding of the nature of mind. This major collection is sure to prove invaluable to all advanced students of the philosophy of mind and cognitive science.
Book Synopsis David Hume, Sceptic by : Zuzana Parusniková
Download or read book David Hume, Sceptic written by Zuzana Parusniková and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-20 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book studies Hume’s scepticism and its roots, context, and role in the philosopher’s life. It relates how Hume wrote his philosophy in a time of tumult, as the millennia-old metaphysical tradition that placed humans and their cognitive abilities in an ontological framework collapsed and gave way to one that placed the autonomy of the individual in its center. It then discusses the birth of modernity that Descartes inaugurated and Kant completed with his Copernican revolution that moved philosophy from Being to the Self. It shows how modernity gave rise to a new kind of scepticism, involving doubt not just about the adequacy of our knowledge but about the very existence of a world independent of the self. The book then examines how Hume faced the sceptical implications and how his empiricism added yet another sceptical theme with the main question being how argument can legitimize key concepts of human understanding instinctively used in making sense of our perceptions. Placing it firmly in a historical context, the book shows how Hume was influenced by Pyrrhonian scepticism and how this becomes clear in Hume’s acceptance of the weakness of reason and in his emphasis on the practical role of philosophy. As the book argues, rather than serving as the foundation of science, in Hume’s hand, philosophy became a guide to a joyful, happy life, to a documentary of common life and to moderately educated, entertaining conversation. This way Hume stands in strong opposition to the (early) modern mainstream.
Book Synopsis Reforming the Art of Living by : Rico Vitz
Download or read book Reforming the Art of Living written by Rico Vitz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-20 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Descartes’s concern with the proper method of belief formation is evident in the titles of his works—e.g., The Search after Truth, The Rules for the Direction of the Mind and The Discourse on Method of rightly conducting one’s reason and seeking the truth in the sciences. It is most apparent, however, in his famous discussions, both in the Meditations and in the Principles, of one particularly noteworthy source of our doxastic errors—namely, the misuse of one’s will. What is not widely recognized, let alone appreciated and understood, is the relationship between his concern with belief formation and his concern with virtue. In fact, few seem to realize that Descartes regards doxastic errors as moral errors and as sins both because such errors are intrinsically vicious and because they entail notably deleterious social consequences. Reforming the Art of Living seeks to rectify this rather common oversight in two ways. First, it aims to elucidate the nature of Descartes’s account of virtuous belief formation. Second, it aims both (i) to illuminate the social significance of Descartes’s philosophical program as it relates to the understanding and practice not of science, but of religion and (ii) to develop a kind of Leibnizian critique of this aspect of his program. More specifically, it aims to show that Descartes’s project is “dangerous,” insofar as it is subversive not only of traditional Christianity but also of other traditional forms of religion, both in theory and in practice.
Book Synopsis Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz by : Roger Woolhouse
Download or read book Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz written by Roger Woolhouse and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces student to the three major figures of modern philosophy known as the rationalists. It is not for complete beginners, but it is an accessible account of their thought. By concerning itself with metaphysics, and in particular substance, the book relates an important historical debate largely neglected by the contemporary debates in the once again popular area of traditional metaphysics. in philosophy.
Book Synopsis Philosophical Works by : René Descartes
Download or read book Philosophical Works written by René Descartes and published by . This book was released on 1931 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Ontological Argument from Descartes to Hegel by : Kevin J. Harrelson
Download or read book The Ontological Argument from Descartes to Hegel written by Kevin J. Harrelson and published by Humanities Press International. This book was released on 2009 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ontological argument for the existence of God has been a constant in the philosophy of religion since its first formulation by Anselm of Canterbury in the 11th century. In the 17th century, it was revived by Ren Descartes, and ever since has been a subject of dispute and much debate among philosophers. Descartes formulated it as follows: "Premise 1: That which we clearly understand to belong to the true and immutable nature, or essence, or form of something, can be truly asserted of that thing. "Premise 2: But once we have made a sufficiently careful investigation into what God is, we clearly and distinctly understand that existence belongs to his true and immutable nature. Conclusion: Hence we can now truly assert of God that he does exits" In this interesting history of the argument, philosopher Kevin J. Harrelson shows that the defense of the ontological argument is more consistent and persuasive than has frequently been supposed. In addition to correcting many common misunderstandings about the argument, the author highlights what appears to be an irremovable tension between the conclusion and the explanation of the proof. Both the common objections to the argument and its historical development in early modern philosophy are explained in light of this tension.
Book Synopsis The Blackwell Guide to the Modern Philosophers by : Steven M. Emmanuel
Download or read book The Blackwell Guide to the Modern Philosophers written by Steven M. Emmanuel and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1991-01-16 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide brings together eighteen original interpretations of the modern philosophers from Descartes to Nietzsche. The contributors succeed brilliantly in placing their figures within a rich historical, cultural, and philosophical context, noting some of the important ways in which their ideas and arguments were shaped by the intellectual currents of the time, and how they in turn shaped subsequent philosophical debate.
Book Synopsis Language, Culture and Cognition from Descartes to Lewes by : Timo Kaitaro
Download or read book Language, Culture and Cognition from Descartes to Lewes written by Timo Kaitaro and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-02-28 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The monograph tells a different story on the history of modern philosophy: the narrative is no longer centred on the question whether knowledge results from experience or reason, but whether experience and reason are in fact possible without language.
Book Synopsis Ockham, Descartes, and Hume by : Julius Rudolph Weinberg
Download or read book Ockham, Descartes, and Hume written by Julius Rudolph Weinberg and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A bibliography of the writings of Julius R. Weinberg": pages 173-176. Includes index.
