From Calcium Channels To Autism

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From Calcium Channels to Autism

Author : Jocelyn Friedman Krey
Publisher : Stanford University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis From Calcium Channels to Autism by : Jocelyn Friedman Krey

Download or read book From Calcium Channels to Autism written by Jocelyn Friedman Krey and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2009 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (LTCs) play a key role in neuronal development by activating signalling pathways that regulate neuronal gene expression and morphology. A point mutation in the LTC CaV1.2, which blocks voltage-dependent inactivation (VDI), causes autism in Timothy Syndrome (TS) patients. While it is known how VDI influences the current through LTCs, it is not known how alterations in VDI affect the signaling function of CaV1.2 in neurons and ultimately cause developmental defects that lead to autism. Here I show that expression of CaV1.2 channels containing the TS mutation (TS-CaV1.2) inhibits CRE-dependent transcription and causes dendrite retraction and reduced dendrite branching in cortical neurons. I found that expression of TS-CaV1.2 leads to increased calcium influx in neurons and that this increase in intracellular calcium concentrations was in part responsible for the ability of TS-CaV1.2 channels to inhibit CREB. Surprisingly, however, I found that TS-CaV1.2 causes dendritic retraction independently of Ca2+ influx through the channel suggesting that the voltage-dependent conformational changes associated with VDI play an important and unexpected role in CaV1.2 signalling. In addition, I found that TS-CaV1.2 causes dendrite retraction by activating the RhoA signalling pathway. I found that changes in the interaction of the small GTP-binding protein Gem with the channel beta subunit play a critical role in mediating the activation of RhoA by TS-CaV1.2. These results provide new insight into how LTCs are coupled to cytoskeletal signalling pathways in neurons and shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation of TS and other Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Personalized Food Intervention and Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder Management

Author : M. Mohamed Essa
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783030304010
Total Pages : 693 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Personalized Food Intervention and Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder Management by : M. Mohamed Essa

Download or read book Personalized Food Intervention and Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder Management written by M. Mohamed Essa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-02-01 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on implications of traditional and processed foods for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) intervention and management. Numerous phytonutrients and pharmacologically active compounds in edible natural products and diet could influence and offer protection to neuronal dysfunction that occurs due to ASD. The neuroprotective effects of various fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds phytochemicals, and other natural bioactive ingredients against ASD and related conditions are discussed. Topics such as the possible neuroprotective mechanism of action of these foods and the therapeutic role of antioxidants in relation to ASD are addressed. This book also highlights the scope of using anti-inflammatory agents and antioxidants to promote neurogenesis and improve other symptoms in ASD. It emphasizes personalized nutritional approaches with dietary management of neurodevelopmental disorders/ASD cases. Information in this book is relevant to researchers in the field of complementary and alternative medicine, nutraceuticals, neuroscience, agriculture, nutrition, and food science. This volume is beneficial to students of varying levels, and across multiple disciplines.

A Candidate Gene Approach to Investigate the Role of the Calcium Channel Β2-subunit [beta2-subunit] in Autism

Author : Alexandra Frauke Stephanie Breitenkamp
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (118 download)

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Book Synopsis A Candidate Gene Approach to Investigate the Role of the Calcium Channel Β2-subunit [beta2-subunit] in Autism by : Alexandra Frauke Stephanie Breitenkamp

Download or read book A Candidate Gene Approach to Investigate the Role of the Calcium Channel Β2-subunit [beta2-subunit] in Autism written by Alexandra Frauke Stephanie Breitenkamp and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

˜Aœ Candidate Gene Approach to Investigate the Role of the Calcium Channel Beta2 Subunit in Autism

Author : Alexandra Frauke Stephanie Breitenkamp
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis ˜Aœ Candidate Gene Approach to Investigate the Role of the Calcium Channel Beta2 Subunit in Autism by : Alexandra Frauke Stephanie Breitenkamp

Download or read book ˜Aœ Candidate Gene Approach to Investigate the Role of the Calcium Channel Beta2 Subunit in Autism written by Alexandra Frauke Stephanie Breitenkamp and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Comprehensive Guide to Autism

Author : Vinood B. Patel
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781461447870
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (478 download)

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Book Synopsis Comprehensive Guide to Autism by : Vinood B. Patel

Download or read book Comprehensive Guide to Autism written by Vinood B. Patel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-10-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism is a complex multifaceted disorder affecting neurodevelopment during the early years of life and, for many, throughout the life span. Inherent features include difficulties or deficits in communication, social interaction, cognition, and interpersonal behavioral coordination, to name just a few. Autism profoundly impacts the affected individual, the family, and, in many cases, the localized communities. The increased prevalence of childhood autism has resulted in rapid developments in a wide range of disciplines in recent years. Nevertheless, despite intensive research, the cause(s) remain unresolved and no single treatment strategy is employed. To address these issues, Comprehensive Guide to Autism is an all-embracing reference that offers analyses and discussions of contemporary issues in the field of autism. The work brings together scientific material from leading experts in the field relating to a wide range of important current topics, such as the early identification and treatment of children with autism, pertinent social and behavioral studies, recent developments in genetics and immunology, the influence of diet, models of autism, and future treatment prospects. Comprehensive Guide to Autism contains essential readings for behavioral science researchers, psychologists, physicians, social workers, parents, and caregivers.

Magnesium in the Central Nervous System

Author : Robert Vink
Publisher : University of Adelaide Press
ISBN 13 : 0987073052
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Magnesium in the Central Nervous System by : Robert Vink

Download or read book Magnesium in the Central Nervous System written by Robert Vink and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.

Autism Spectrum Disorders

Author : Andreas M. Grabrucker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 117 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Andreas M. Grabrucker

Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Andreas M. Grabrucker and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism spectrum disorders are developmental disorders. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders develop differently. These differences are usually present in social interaction, communication, and sensory processing, and become visible through a wide variety of behavioral responses that differ from individuals without autism spectrum disorders. Despite significant research efforts, the exact causes of autism spectrum disorders remain poorly understood; however, researchers have gained extensive insights into possible pathomechanisms, even at the molecular level of cells. Many diagnostic criteria have been developed, adapted, and improved. The eight chapters in this book highlight the current state-of-the-art in many areas of autism spectrum disorders. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders and the current knowledge of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Chapter 2 summarizes the diagnostic criteria and procedures and highlights present and upcoming therapeutic strategies. Chapter 3 reviews the adverse events and trauma in people with autism spectrum disorders. Chapters 4 and 5 focus on atypical sensory processing, and Chapter 6 discusses the genetic overlap of autism spectrum disorders with other neuropsychiatric disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and schizophrenia. Chapter 7 focuses on the contribution of abnormalities in mitochondria, and chapter 8 discusses gut-brain interactions and a potential role for microbiota in autism spectrum disorders. This book is aimed primarily at clinicians and scientists, but many areas will also be of interest to the layperson.

Homeostatic Control of Brain Function

Author : Detlev Boison
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199322295
Total Pages : 657 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis Homeostatic Control of Brain Function by : Detlev Boison

Download or read book Homeostatic Control of Brain Function written by Detlev Boison and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homeostatic Control of Brain Function offers a broad view of brain health and diverse perspectives for potential treatments, targeting key areas such as mitochondria, the immune system, epigenetic changes, and regulatory molecules such as ions, neuropeptides, and neuromodulators. Loss of homeostasis becomes expressed as a diverse array of neurological disorders. Each disorder has multiple comorbidities - with some crossing over several conditions - and often disease-specific treatments remain elusive. When current pharmacological therapies result in ineffective and inadequate outcomes, therapies to restore and maintain homeostatic functions can help improve brain health, no matter the diagnosis. Employing homeostatic therapies may lead to future cures or treatments that address multiple comorbidities. In an age where brain diseases such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's are ever present, the incorporation of homeostatic techniques could successfully promote better overall brain health. Key Features include · A focus on the homeostatic controls that significantly depend on the way one lives, eats, and drinks. · Highlights from emerging research in non-pharmaceutical therapies including botanical medications, meditation, diet, and exercise. · Incorporation of homeostatic therapies into existing basic and clinical research paradigms. · Extensive scientific basic and clinical research ranging from molecules to disorders. · Emerging practical information for improving homeostasis. · Examples of homeostatic therapies in preventing and delaying dysfunction. Both editors, Detlev Boison and Susan Masino, bring their unique expertise in homeostatic research to the overall scope of this work. This book is accessible to all with an interest in brain health; scientist, clinician, student, and lay reader alike.

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Michael Fitzgerald
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535120379
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Michael Fitzgerald

Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Michael Fitzgerald and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-04-02 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book starts with a new sub category of Autism Criminal Autistic Psychopathy and school shootings. It focuses on a number of interventions, including speech and language pathology, speech and language assessment instruments, occupational therapy, improving functional language development in autism with natural gestures, communication boards etc as well as helping people with autism using the pictorial support, training of concepts of significant others, theory of mind, social concepts and a conceptual model for empowering families of children with autism cross culturally. It also examines the issue of hyperandrogenism and evidence-based treatments of autism. In terms of assessment, it focuses on psychological and biological assessment including neurotransmitters systems, structural and functional brain imaging, coping strategies of parents, examines the intertwining of language impairment, specific language impairment and ASD, as well as implicit and spontaneous Theory of Mind reading in ASD. In terms of aetiology, it focuses on genetic factors, epigenetics, synaptic vesicles, toxicity during neurodevelopment, immune system and sex differences. It also examines the link between social cognitive anatomical and neurophysiologic biomarkers and candidate genes. This book will be relevant to all mental health professionals because autism occurs in all the different areas of psychiatry and professionals who will find it helpful will be psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, nurses, teachers and all those working with persons with Autism including parents who nowadays are interested in knowing more and more, at a detailed level about their children or adults with autism.

J Wave Syndromes

Author : Charles Antzelevitch
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319315781
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis J Wave Syndromes by : Charles Antzelevitch

Download or read book J Wave Syndromes written by Charles Antzelevitch and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-27 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book delineates the state of the art of the diagnosis and treatment of J wave syndromes, as well as where future research needs to be directed. It covers basic science, translational and clinical aspects of these syndromes. The authors are leading experts in their respective fields, who have contributed prominently to the literature concerning these topics. J wave syndromes are one of the hottest topics in cardiology today. Cardiac arrhythmias associated with Brugada syndrome (BrS) or an early repolarization (ER) pattern in the inferior or infero-lateral ECG leads are thought to be mechanistically linked to accentuation of transient outward current (Ito)-mediated J waves. Although BrS and ER syndrome (ERS) differ with respect to magnitude and lead location of abnormal J waves, they are thought to represent a continuous spectrum of phenotypic expression termed J wave syndromes. ERS is divided into three subtypes with the most severe, Type 3, displaying an ER pattern globally in the inferior, lateral and right precordial leads. BrS has been linked to mutations in 19 different genes, whereas ERS has been associated with mutations in 7 different genes. There is a great deal of confusion as to how to properly diagnose and treat the J wave syndromes as well as confusion about the underlying mechanisms. The demonstration of successful epicardial ablation of BrS has provided new therapeutic options for the management of this syndrome for which treatment alternatives are currently very limited, particularly in the case of electrical storms caused by otherwise uncontrollable recurrent VT/VF. An early repolarization pattern is observed in 2-5% of the US population. While it is clear that the vast majority of individuals exhibiting an ER pattern are not at risk for sudden cardiac death, the challenge moving forward is to identify those individuals who truly are at risk and to design safe and effective treatments.

Personalized Food Intervention and Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder Management

Author : M. Mohamed Essa
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030304027
Total Pages : 700 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Personalized Food Intervention and Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder Management by : M. Mohamed Essa

Download or read book Personalized Food Intervention and Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder Management written by M. Mohamed Essa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-31 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on implications of traditional and processed foods for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) intervention and management. Numerous phytonutrients and pharmacologically active compounds in edible natural products and diet could influence and offer protection to neuronal dysfunction that occurs due to ASD. The neuroprotective effects of various fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds phytochemicals, and other natural bioactive ingredients against ASD and related conditions are discussed. Topics such as the possible neuroprotective mechanism of action of these foods and the therapeutic role of antioxidants in relation to ASD are addressed. This book also highlights the scope of using anti-inflammatory agents and antioxidants to promote neurogenesis and improve other symptoms in ASD. It emphasizes personalized nutritional approaches with dietary management of neurodevelopmental disorders/ASD cases. Information in this book is relevant to researchers in the field of complementary and alternative medicine, nutraceuticals, neuroscience, agriculture, nutrition, and food science. This volume is beneficial to students of varying levels, and across multiple disciplines.

Ion Channels in Health and Sickness

Author : Fatima Shad Kaneez
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789842271
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (898 download)

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Book Synopsis Ion Channels in Health and Sickness by : Fatima Shad Kaneez

Download or read book Ion Channels in Health and Sickness written by Fatima Shad Kaneez and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion channels are proteins that make pores in the membranes of excitable cells present both in the brain and the body. These cells are not only responsible for converting chemical and mechanical stimuli into the electrical signals but are also liable for monitoring vital functions. All our activities, from the blinking of our eyes to the beating of our heart and all our senses from smell to sight, touch, taste and hearing are regulated by the ion channels. This book will take us on an expedition describing the role of ion channels in congenital and acquired diseases and the challenges and limitations scientist are facing in the development of drugs targeting these membrane proteins.

Low-voltage-activated T-type Calcium Channels

Author : Richard W. Tsien
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Low-voltage-activated T-type Calcium Channels by : Richard W. Tsien

Download or read book Low-voltage-activated T-type Calcium Channels written by Richard W. Tsien and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Pathologies of Calcium Channels

Author : Norbert Weiss
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642402828
Total Pages : 725 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis Pathologies of Calcium Channels by : Norbert Weiss

Download or read book Pathologies of Calcium Channels written by Norbert Weiss and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Calcium ions represent Mother Nature’s ‘ion-of-choice’ for regulating fundamental physiological functions, as they initiate a new life at the time of fertilization and guide subsequent developmental and physiological functions of the human body. Calcium channels, which act as gated pathways for the movement of calcium ions across the membranes, play a central part in the initiation of calcium signals, and defects in calcium channel function have been found to result in a plethora of human diseases, referred to as the calcium channelopathies. Pathologies of Calcium Channels brings together leading international experts to discuss our current understanding of human diseases associated with the various calcium channels, from their molecular basis to potential future therapeutic targeting of calcium channels.

Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels

Author : Gerald Werner Zamponi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031088816
Total Pages : 705 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels by : Gerald Werner Zamponi

Download or read book Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels written by Gerald Werner Zamponi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-07 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the tremendous progress in the current understanding of the molecular physiology of voltage-gated calcium channels. This book includes unparalleled insights into structural features of calcium channels due to X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM, which in turn yielded critical information into how these channels function under normal and pathophysiological conditions, and how they interact with calcium channel therapeutics. The chapters investigate how, with the advent of high throughput genome sequencing, numerous mutations in various calcium channel genes have been identified in patients with neurological, cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric and other disorders. This is further complemented through a much larger in vivo toolkit such as knock-out and knock-in mice. The chapters further discuss the increased complexity of calcium channel physiology that arises from mRNA editing and splicing. Finally, the book also provides an overview of the updated research on calcium channel inhibitors that can be used both in vivo and in vitro, and which may serve as a spring board for new calcium channel therapeutics for human disease. Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels is useful for academic researchers at all levels in neuroscience, biophysics, cell biology and drug discovery.

Regulation of Synaptic Structure and Function

Author : Zhiyong Shao
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832506399
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulation of Synaptic Structure and Function by : Zhiyong Shao

Download or read book Regulation of Synaptic Structure and Function written by Zhiyong Shao and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-18 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Oxford Handbook of Neuronal Ion Channels

Author : Arin Bhattacharjee
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190669160
Total Pages : 785 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Neuronal Ion Channels by : Arin Bhattacharjee

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Neuronal Ion Channels written by Arin Bhattacharjee and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-01-02 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurons are excitable cells. They use ions and electrical signaling to talk to each to other and when they talk to each other, neurons control behavior. The Oxford Handbook of Neuronal Ion Channels is an accessible reference describing the nature and properties of ion channels in neurons. The book explains how ion channels open and close, how they can be selective for specific ions, and how they give rise to action potentials. Included are in-depth chapters discussing specific classes of ion channels: potassium channels, sodium channels, neurotransmitter-gated ion channels and other specialized channels. Throughout the handbook, important insight is provided on the contribution ion channels make to neuronal excitability and to synaptic transmission. The handbook goes further to discuss channelopathies, a group of human diseases such as epilepsy, pain and migraines that can be caused by ion channel dysfunction. For neuroscientists, biophysicists and neuropharmacologists, this handbook is a valuable reference of ion channel biology and function.