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Founders Of The Cosmos Club Of Washington 1878
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Book Synopsis A Traitor and a Scoundrel by : Michael Thomas Smith
Download or read book A Traitor and a Scoundrel written by Michael Thomas Smith and published by University of Delaware Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1856, Benjamin Hedrick broke with his white North Carolinian peers by taking an antislavery position on the question of the incorporation of the territories. This biography tells the story of how developed that position, the loss of his position as a professor of chemistry and his subsequent exil
Book Synopsis A River Running West by : Donald Worster
Download or read book A River Running West written by Donald Worster and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-11-28 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If the word "hero" still belonged in the historian's lexicon, it would certainly be applied to John Wesley Powell. Intrepid explorer, careful scientist, talented writer, and dedicated conservationist, Powell led the expedition that put the Colorado River on American maps and revealed the Grand Canyon to the world. Now comes the first biography of this towering figure in almost fifty years--a book that captures his life in all its heroism, idealism, and ambivalent, ambiguous humanity. In A River Running West, Donald Worster, one of our leading Western historians, tells the story of Powell's great adventures and describes his historical significance with compelling clarity and skill. Worster paints a vivid portrait of how this man emerged from the early nineteenth-century world of immigrants, fervent religion, and rough-and-tumble rural culture, and barely survived the Civil War battle at Shiloh. The heart of Worster's biography is Powell's epic journey down the Colorado in 1869, a tale of harrowing experiences, lethal accidents, and breathtaking discoveries. After years in the region collecting rocks and fossils and learning to speak the local Native American languages, Powell returned to Washington as an eloquent advocate for the West, one of America's first and most influential conservationists. But in the end, he fell victim to a clique of Western politicians who pushed for unfettered economic development, relegating the aging explorer to a quiet life of anthropological contemplation. John Wesley Powell embodied the energy, optimism, and westward impulse of the young United States. A River Running West is a gorgeously written, magisterial account of this great American explorer and environmental pioneer, a true story of undaunted courage in the American West.
Book Synopsis The Humboldt Current by : Aaron Sachs
Download or read book The Humboldt Current written by Aaron Sachs and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2007 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cornell University history and American studies professor Aaron Sachs offers a masterly intellectual history of the impact of 19th-century explorer Alexander von Humboldt on American culture and science.
Book Synopsis William Stimpson and the Golden Age of American Natural History by : Ronald Scott Vasile
Download or read book William Stimpson and the Golden Age of American Natural History written by Ronald Scott Vasile and published by Northern Illinois University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-19 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: William Stimpson was at the forefront of the American natural history community in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Stimpson displayed an early affinity for the sea and natural history, and after completing an apprenticeship with famed naturalist Louis Agassiz, he became one of the first professionally trained naturalists in the United States. In 1852, twenty-year-old Stimpson was appointed naturalist of the United States North Pacific Exploring Expedition, where he collected and classified hundreds of marine animals. Upon his return, he joined renowned naturalist Spencer F. Baird at the Smithsonian Institution to create its department of invertebrate zoology. He also founded and led the irreverent and fun-loving Megatherium Club, which included many notable naturalists. In 1865, Stimpson focused on turning the Chicago Academy of Sciences into one of the largest and most important museums in the country. Tragically, the museum was destroyed in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, and Stimpson died of tuberculosis soon after, before he could restore his scientific legacy. This first-ever biography of William Stimpson situates his work in the context of his time. As one of few to collaborate with both Agassiz and Baird, Stimpson's life provides insight into the men who shaped a generation of naturalists—the last before intense specialization caused naturalists to give way to biologists. Historians of science and general readers interested in biographies, science, and history will enjoy this compelling biography.
Book Synopsis And Along Came Boas by : Regna Darnell
Download or read book And Along Came Boas written by Regna Darnell and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent of Franz Boas on the North American scene irrevocably redirected the course of Americanist anthropology. This volume documents the revolutionary character of the theoretical and methodological standpoint introduced by Boas and his first generation of students, among whom linguist Edward Sapir was among the most distinguished. Virtually all of the classic Boasians were at least part-time linguists alongside their ethnological work. During the crucial transitional period beginning with the founding of the Bureau of American Ethnology in 1879, there were as many continuities as discontinuities between the work of Boas and that of John Wesley Powell and his Bureau. Boas shared with Powell a commitment to the study of aboriginal languages, to a symbolic definition of culture, to ethnography based on texts, to historical reconstruction on linguistic grounds, and to mapping the linguistic and cultural diversity of native North America. The obstacle to Boas's vision of anthropology was not the Bureau but the archaeological and museum establishment centred in Washington, D.C. and in Boston. Moreover, the scientific revolution was concluded not when Boas began to teach at Columbia University in New York in 1897 but around 1920 when first generation Boasians cominated the discipline in institutional as well as theoretical terms. The impact of Boas is explored in terms of theoretical positions, interactional networks of scholars, and institutions within which anthropological work was carried out. The volume shows how collaboration of universities and museums gradually gave way to an academic centre for anthropology in North America, in line with the professionalization of American science along German lines during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The author is Professor of Anthropology and Director of the Centre for Research and Teaching of Canadian Native Languages at the University of Western Ontario, Canada. She is a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.
Book Synopsis Invented by Law by : Christopher Beauchamp
Download or read book Invented by Law written by Christopher Beauchamp and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-05 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alexander Graham Bell’s invention of the telephone in 1876 stands as one of the great touchstones of American technological achievement. Bringing a new perspective to this history, Invented by Law examines the legal battles that raged over Bell’s telephone patent, likely the most consequential patent right ever granted. To a surprising extent, Christopher Beauchamp shows, the telephone was as much a creation of American law as of scientific innovation. Beauchamp reconstructs the world of nineteenth-century patent law, replete with inventors, capitalists, and charlatans, where rival claimants and political maneuvering loomed large in the contests that erupted over new technologies. He challenges the popular myth of Bell as the telephone’s sole inventor, exposing that story’s origins in the arguments advanced by Bell’s lawyers. More than anyone else, it was the courts that anointed Bell father of the telephone, granting him a patent monopoly that decisively shaped the American telecommunications industry for a century to come. Beauchamp investigates the sources of Bell’s legal primacy in the United States, and looks across the Atlantic, to Britain, to consider how another legal system handled the same technology in very different ways. Exploring complex questions of ownership and legal power raised by the invention of important new technologies, Invented by Law recovers a forgotten history with wide relevance for today’s patent crisis.
Book Synopsis Charles Valentine Riley by : W. Conner Sorensen
Download or read book Charles Valentine Riley written by W. Conner Sorensen and published by University Alabama Press. This book was released on 2019-07-16 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Riley propelled entomology from a collector’s parlor hobby of the nineteenth century to the serious study of insects in the Modern Age This definitive biography is the first full account of a fascinating American scientist whose leadership created the modern science of entomology that recognizes both the essential role of insects in natural systems and their challenge to the agricultural food supply that sustains humankind. Charles Valentine Riley: Founder of Modern Entomology tells the story of how Riley (1843–1895), a young British immigrant to America—with classical schooling, only a smattering of natural history knowledge, and with talent in art and writing but no formal training in science—came to play a key role in the reorientation of entomology from the collection and arrangement of specimens to a scientific approach to insect evolution, diversity, ecology, and applied management of insect pests. Drawing on Riley’s personal diaries, family records, correspondence, and publications, the authors trace Riley’s career as farm laborer, Chicago journalist, Missouri State Entomologist, chief federal entomologist, founder of the National Insect Collection, and initiator of the professional organization that became the Entomological Society of America. Also examined in detail are his spectacular campaigns against the Rocky Mountain Locust that stalled western migration in the 1870s, the Grape Phylloxera that threatened French vineyards in the 1870s and 80s, the Cotton Worm that devastated southern cotton fields after the Civil War, and the Cottony Cushion Scale that threatened the California citrus industry in the 1880s. The latter was defeated through importation of the Vedalia Beetle from Australia, the spectacular first example of biological control of an invasive insect pest by its introduced natural enemy. A striking figure in appearance and deed, Riley combined scientific, literary, artistic, and managerial skills that enabled him to influence every aspect of entomology. A correspondent of Darwin and one of his most vocal American advocates, he discovered the famous example of mimicry of the Monarch butterfly by the Viceroy, and described the intricate coevolution of yucca moths and yuccas, a complex system that fascinates evolutionary scientists to this day. Whether applying evolutionary theory to pest control, promoting an American silk industry, developing improved spray technologies, or promoting applied entomology in state and federal government and to the public, Riley was the central figure in the formative years of the entomology profession. In addition to showcasing his own renderings of the insects he investigated, this comprehensive account provides fresh insight into the personal and public life of an ingenious, colorful, and controversial scientist, who aimed to discover, understand, and outsmart the insects.
Book Synopsis Current Catalog by : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Download or read book Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes subject section, name section, and 1968-1970, technical reports.
Book Synopsis The Year the Stars Fell by : Candace S. Greene
Download or read book The Year the Stars Fell written by Candace S. Greene and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2007-06-01 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winter counts?pictorial calendars by which Plains Indians kept track of their past?marked each year with a picture of a memorable event.øTheøLakota, or Western Sioux, recorded many different events in their winter counts, but all include ?the year the stars fell,? the spectacular Leonid meteor shower of 1833?34. This volume is an unprecedented assemblage of information on the important collection of Lakota winter counts at the Smithsonian, a core resource for the study of Lakota history and culture. Fourteen winter counts are presented in detail, with a chapter devoted to the newly discovered Rosebud Winter Count. Together these counts constitute a visual chronicle of over two hundred years of Lakota experience as recorded by Native historians. ø A visually stunning book, The Year the Stars Fell features full-color illustrations of the fourteen winter counts plus more than 900 detailed images of individual pictographs. Explanations, provided by their nineteenth-century Lakota recorders, are arranged chronologically to facilitate comparison among counts. The book provides ready access to primary source material, and serves as an essential reference work for scholars as well as an invaluable historical resource for Native communities.
Book Synopsis Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, D.C. by : Columbia Historical Society (Washington, D.C.)
Download or read book Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, D.C. written by Columbia Historical Society (Washington, D.C.) and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scenes from the High Desert by : Virginia Kerns
Download or read book Scenes from the High Desert written by Virginia Kerns and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 2010-10-01 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If a religion cannot attract and instruct young people, it will struggle to survive, which is why recreational programs were second only to theological questions in the development of twentieth-century Mormonism. In this book, Richard Ian Kimball explores how Mormon leaders used recreational programs to ameliorate the problems of urbanization and industrialization and to inculcate morals and values in LDS youth. As well as promoting sports as a means of physical and spiritual excellence, Progressive Era Mormons established a variety of institutions such as the Deseret Gymnasium and camps for girls and boys, all designed to compete with more "worldly" attractions and to socialize adolescents into the faith. Kimball employs a wealth of source material including periodicals, diaries, journals, personal papers, and institutional records to illuminate this hitherto underexplored aspect of the LDS church. In addition to uncovering the historical roots of many Mormon institutions still visible today, Sports in Zion is a detailed look at the broader functions of recreation in society.
Book Synopsis Portrait of a Scientific Racist by : James G. Hollandsworth, Jr.
Download or read book Portrait of a Scientific Racist written by James G. Hollandsworth, Jr. and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2008-11-01 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the years after Reconstruction, racial tension soared, as many white southerners worried about how to deal with the millions of free African Americans among them -- an issue they termed the "negro problem." In an attempt to maintain the status quo, white supremacists resurrected old proslavery arguments and sought new justification in scientific theories purporting to "prove" people of African descent inherently inferior to whites. In Portrait of a Scientific Racist James G. Hollandsworth, Jr., reveals how the conjectures of one of the country's most prominent racial theorists, Alfred Holt Stone, helped justify a repressive racial order that relegated African Americans to the margins of southern society in the early 1900s. In this revealing biography, Hollandsworth examines the thoughts and motives of this renowned man, focusing primarily on Stone's most intensive period of theorizing, from 1900 to 1910. A committed and vocal white supremacist, Stone believed black southern workers were inherently lazy, a trait he attributed to their African genes and heritage. He asserted that slavery helped improve the black race but that opportunities still existed during Reconstruction to mold the freedmen into efficient workers. Stone's central -- yet unspoken -- goal was to devise a way to maintain an obedient, productive labor force willing to work for low wages. Writing from both Washington, D.C., and his cotton plantation in the Mississippi Delta, Stone published numerous essays and collected more than 3000 articles and pamphlets on the "American Race Problem" -- including those written by bitter racists and enthusiastic "race boosters." Though Stone lacked the credentials typically associated with scholarly experts of the time, he became an authority on the subject of black Americans, in part because of his close friendship with fellow scientific racist and statistician Walter F. Willcox. An early member of the American Economic Association and other academic groups, Stone went on to serve as head scholar of a division for race studies within the Carnegie Foundation. Interestingly, Stone recruited W. E. B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington to collaborate with him on a major study for the Foundation, continuing his tendency to incorporate all perspectives into his study of race. Hollandsworth uses Stone's extensive correspondence with Willcox, Du Bois, and Washington, as well as his personal writings -- both published and unpublished -- to reveal the secrets of this misguided, yet fascinating, figure.
Book Synopsis Anthropology and the Racial Politics of Culture by : Lee D. Baker
Download or read book Anthropology and the Racial Politics of Culture written by Lee D. Baker and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-03 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late nineteenth century, if ethnologists in the United States recognized African American culture, they often perceived it as something to be overcome and left behind. At the same time, they were committed to salvaging “disappearing” Native American culture by curating objects, narrating practices, and recording languages. In Anthropology and the Racial Politics of Culture, Lee D. Baker examines theories of race and culture developed by American anthropologists during the late nineteenth century and early twentieth. He investigates the role that ethnologists played in creating a racial politics of culture in which Indians had a culture worthy of preservation and exhibition while African Americans did not. Baker argues that the concept of culture developed by ethnologists to understand American Indian languages and customs in the nineteenth century formed the basis of the anthropological concept of race eventually used to confront “the Negro problem” in the twentieth century. As he explores the implications of anthropology’s different approaches to African Americans and Native Americans, and the field’s different but overlapping theories of race and culture, Baker delves into the careers of prominent anthropologists and ethnologists, including James Mooney Jr., Frederic W. Putnam, Daniel G. Brinton, and Franz Boas. His analysis takes into account not only scientific societies, journals, museums, and universities, but also the development of sociology in the United States, African American and Native American activists and intellectuals, philanthropy, the media, and government entities from the Bureau of Indian Affairs to the Supreme Court. In Anthropology and the Racial Politics of Culture, Baker tells how anthropology has both responded to and helped shape ideas about race and culture in the United States, and how its ideas have been appropriated (and misappropriated) to wildly different ends.
Book Synopsis The Passage to Cosmos by : Laura Dassow Walls
Download or read book The Passage to Cosmos written by Laura Dassow Walls and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011-11-15 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humboldt offered the world a vision of humans & nature as integrated halves of a single whole. He espoused the idea that while the univerise of nature exists apart from human purpose, its beauty & order are human achievements. Laura Dassow Walls traces the emergence of this philosophy to Humboldt's 1799 journey to America.
Book Synopsis Calming America by : Dennis S. O’Leary MD
Download or read book Calming America written by Dennis S. O’Leary MD and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2022-09-16 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pot Luck Spokesman? The information void in the hours following the shooting of US President Ronald Reagan late Monday afternoon, March 30, 1981, spawned many false rumors and misinformation, which White House political adviser Lyn Nofziger understood threatened the credibility of the White House. He therefore took the podium before the 200 plus assembled press in Ross Hall to tell them that he would be bringing with him a credible physician to brief them once the president was out of surgery. However, he didn’t have many options to draw from for that credible physician. At the hospital, the surgeons tending the three shooting victims had first-hand information about the afternoon’s events, but each surgeon knew only about his own injured patient. White House physician Dan Ruge meanwhile had been at the president’s side throughout the afternoon and was a possible candidate, but his White House association made his credibility suspect according to White House aides. The job became the drafting of the most logical person to be spokesman. That would have been the seasoned physician CEO of the George Washington University Medical Center Ron Kaufman, but he was out of town. Next up was Dennis O’Leary, the physician dean for clinical affairs, as the preferred spokesman. To the White House, O’Leary was a total unknown, but a review of his credentials would hardly have been reassuring. He had originally been recruited to George Washington University as a blood specialist. Reticent by nature, he had minimal public-relations and public-speaking experience, save two years as a member of his hometown high school debate team. He had no surgical or trauma training or experience. But beggars can’t be choosers, as the saying goes. Kindly stated, O’Leary was probably the least bad choice to serve as White House/hospital spokesman to inform the world of the status of the wounded President Reagan, special agent Tim McCarthy, and press secretary Jim Brady. Yet, with a little bit of luck, it might all work out. And it did.
Book Synopsis Biographical Memoirs by : National Academy of Sciences
Download or read book Biographical Memoirs written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biographic Memoirs: Volume 60 contains the biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of Sciences and bibliographies of their published works. Each biographical essay was written by a member of the Academy familiar with the professional career of the deceased. For historical and bibliographical purposes, these volumes are worth returning to time and again.
Book Synopsis National Library of Medicine Current Catalog by : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Download or read book National Library of Medicine Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 1064 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
