Foundations Of Social Work Practice With Lesbian And Gay Persons

Download Foundations Of Social Work Practice With Lesbian And Gay Persons full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Foundations Of Social Work Practice With Lesbian And Gay Persons ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons

Author : Gerald P Mallon
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135904057
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons by : Gerald P Mallon

Download or read book Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons written by Gerald P Mallon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the pragmatic aspects of social work with gay and lesbian persons, this book offers a knowledge base of practice that will better prepare students and practitioners for working more competently and effectively with lesbians and gay men. Written by scholars and practitioners in the social work profession, Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons teaches you how to develop practice approaches that are sensitive to issues of sexual orientation as well as how to work with this population in the contexts of practice with individuals, couples, families, groups, communities, and organizations. The book’s sensible strategies and case studies provide you with critical information that will help you deal with homophobia and heterocentrism and enact a professional commitment to pursuing economic and social equality for diverse and at-risk client populations. A foundation-level text on social work practice with gays and lesbians, this book is designed to provide social work students, academics, and practitioners with an understanding of the values and ethics fundamental to practice with this group of clients. Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons summarizes the variety of issues, dynamics, and techniques required to work effectively with gay and lesbian clients who are at different points in their development and life cycles. To further help you in your practice, it also discusses: providing skilled professional assistance to gay victims of hate crimes how homophobia can prevent lesbians and gay men from receiving adequate services the obstacles social workers sometimes face when trying to integrate the core set of professional values and ethical principles into their practice practitioner self-disclosure regarding sexual identity developmental milestones for lesbian and gay persons alcohol and substance abuse among lesbians family therapy concepts of fusion and enmeshment same gender socialization assessing issues of sexual expression Counselors, social workers, and students and academics in gay and lesbian studies will find that Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons greatly expands the social work knowledge base to disrupt the impact of institutional, individualized, and internal homophobia on social workers, their clients, and the institutions in which social workers practice. Its flexible and creative treatment approaches to therapy with sexual minorities are sure to help you sensitize your therapeutic techniques and improve the quality of care you deliver.

Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons

Author : Gerald P. Mallon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9782980231018
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (31 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons by : Gerald P. Mallon

Download or read book Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons written by Gerald P. Mallon and published by . This book was released on 1997-11 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the pragmatic aspects of social work with gay and lesbian persons, this book offers a knowledge base of practice that will better prepare students and practitioners for working more competently and effectively with lesbians and gay men. Written by scholars and practitioners in the social work profession, Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons teaches you how to develop practice approaches that are sensitive to issues of sexual orientation as well as how to work with this population in the contexts of practice with individuals, couples, families, groups, communities, and organizations. The book's sensible strategies and case studies provide you with critical information that will help you deal with homophobia and heterocentrism and enact a professional commitment to pursuing economic and social equality for diverse and at-risk client populations.

Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons

Author : Gerald P Mallon
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135903980
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons by : Gerald P Mallon

Download or read book Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons written by Gerald P Mallon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the pragmatic aspects of social work with gay and lesbian persons, this book offers a knowledge base of practice that will better prepare students and practitioners for working more competently and effectively with lesbians and gay men. Written by scholars and practitioners in the social work profession, Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons teaches you how to develop practice approaches that are sensitive to issues of sexual orientation as well as how to work with this population in the contexts of practice with individuals, couples, families, groups, communities, and organizations. The book’s sensible strategies and case studies provide you with critical information that will help you deal with homophobia and heterocentrism and enact a professional commitment to pursuing economic and social equality for diverse and at-risk client populations. A foundation-level text on social work practice with gays and lesbians, this book is designed to provide social work students, academics, and practitioners with an understanding of the values and ethics fundamental to practice with this group of clients. Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons summarizes the variety of issues, dynamics, and techniques required to work effectively with gay and lesbian clients who are at different points in their development and life cycles. To further help you in your practice, it also discusses: providing skilled professional assistance to gay victims of hate crimes how homophobia can prevent lesbians and gay men from receiving adequate services the obstacles social workers sometimes face when trying to integrate the core set of professional values and ethical principles into their practice practitioner self-disclosure regarding sexual identity developmental milestones for lesbian and gay persons alcohol and substance abuse among lesbians family therapy concepts of fusion and enmeshment same gender socialization assessing issues of sexual expression Counselors, social workers, and students and academics in gay and lesbian studies will find that Foundations of Social Work Practice with Lesbian and Gay Persons greatly expands the social work knowledge base to disrupt the impact of institutional, individualized, and internal homophobia on social workers, their clients, and the institutions in which social workers practice. Its flexible and creative treatment approaches to therapy with sexual minorities are sure to help you sensitize your therapeutic techniques and improve the quality of care you deliver.

Social Work Practice with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People

Author : Gerald P. Mallon
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135266867
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (352 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Social Work Practice with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People by : Gerald P. Mallon

Download or read book Social Work Practice with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People written by Gerald P. Mallon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-06-02 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new, more comprehensive edition of the classic Social Work text Although the vast majority of LGBT persons are healthy, resilient, and hardy individuals who do not seek social work intervention, some have been or will be clients in social work agencies. Social Work Practice with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People is the updated classic text that has expanded its scope to include new content on practice with bisexual and transgender populations—and incorporated this content throughout. This informative book provides a knowledge base of practice that will better prepare students and practitioners for working sensitively, competently, and effectively with LGBT individuals. The text now covers content on LGBT populations as articulated by the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) and the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). Comprehensive and practical, this unique text discusses the pragmatic aspects of social work with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people. It will improve and reinforce competent practice with LGBT persons and their families in multiple settings. Chapters focus on important topics such as: the profession’s core values and ethical principles identifying, analyzing, and resolving ethically challenging practice problems LGBT persons of color—heterosexism, racism, and sexism applying the life model and the stress-coping process the root of conflicts in allegiances and pressures for unity via homogeneity practice with bisexual, transgender, and gender non-conforming persons sexual conversion therapy traditional psychoanalytic notions of lesbian couples the impact of sexual abuse on lesbian couples internalized homophobia, heterocentrism, and gay identity group work practice with the LGBTQ community clinical assessment for families where sexual orientation is an issue LGBT parenting the role of health care and many more! Complete with a highly detailed appendix of symbols, definitions, and terms, Social Work Practice with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People, is an invaluable resource for social workers and mental health professionals as well as for students and educators at all levels of experience.

Social Work Practice with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People

Author : Gerald P. Mallon
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135266859
Total Pages : 535 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (352 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Social Work Practice with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People by : Gerald P. Mallon

Download or read book Social Work Practice with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People written by Gerald P. Mallon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-06-02 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new, more comprehensive edition of the classic Social Work text Although the vast majority of LGBT persons are healthy, resilient, and hardy individuals who do not seek social work intervention, some have been or will be clients in social work agencies. Social Work Practice with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People is the updated classic text that has expanded its scope to include new content on practice with bisexual and transgender populations—and incorporated this content throughout. This informative book provides a knowledge base of practice that will better prepare students and practitioners for working sensitively, competently, and effectively with LGBT individuals. The text now covers content on LGBT populations as articulated by the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) and the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). Comprehensive and practical, this unique text discusses the pragmatic aspects of social work with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people. It will improve and reinforce competent practice with LGBT persons and their families in multiple settings. Chapters focus on important topics such as: the profession’s core values and ethical principles identifying, analyzing, and resolving ethically challenging practice problems LGBT persons of color—heterosexism, racism, and sexism applying the life model and the stress-coping process the root of conflicts in allegiances and pressures for unity via homogeneity practice with bisexual, transgender, and gender non-conforming persons sexual conversion therapy traditional psychoanalytic notions of lesbian couples the impact of sexual abuse on lesbian couples internalized homophobia, heterocentrism, and gay identity group work practice with the LGBTQ community clinical assessment for families where sexual orientation is an issue LGBT parenting the role of health care and many more! Complete with a highly detailed appendix of symbols, definitions, and terms, Social Work Practice with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People, is an invaluable resource for social workers and mental health professionals as well as for students and educators at all levels of experience.

Homosexuality and Social Work

Author : Robert Schoenberg
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780866561808
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (618 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Homosexuality and Social Work by : Robert Schoenberg

Download or read book Homosexuality and Social Work written by Robert Schoenberg and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1984 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a comprehensive volume providing an introduction, overview, and exploration of social work services for gay men and lesbians. It discusses the application of generic practice principles in social work with and for homosexual persons. It is essential reading for all social workers interested in serving the diverse needs of the gay community, this practical book gets right at vital matters, some of which are problems challenging today's social workers. Chapters address the ever-present problem of homophobia, new strategies for working with families and couples, alcoholism and homosexuality, the education of social workers about gay men and lesbians--their particular needs and concerns, and much more.

Not Just a Passing Phase

Author : George A. Appleby
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780231103237
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (32 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Not Just a Passing Phase by : George A. Appleby

Download or read book Not Just a Passing Phase written by George A. Appleby and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive textbook helps social workers understand and meet the needs of lesbian, gay, and bisexual people. It outlines approaches to a range of everyday problems associated with issues of oppression, family acceptance, shame, identity development, HIV disease, and addiction. The first of the book's three sections provides an overview of what it means to be gay, lesbian, or bisexual, and locates the text within the ecological model of social work on individual, interpersonal, and institutional levels of intervention. This section includes definitions of sexual orientation, forms of heterosexism and homophobia, and issues of community among gay, lesbian, and bisexual people. The second section covers life transitions, including childhood, adolescence, and late life, as well as sexual relationships, parenting, and life in the workplace. The last part covers the special issues and challenges of mental health, substance abuse, violence (both "gay bashing" and domestic violence), and HIV disease. The final chapter pulls together the practice concepts introduced in the book and provides a blueprint for knowledge development and dissemination in the field.

Substance Use Disorders in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Clients

Author : Sandra Caughran Anderson
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231142757
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Substance Use Disorders in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Clients by : Sandra Caughran Anderson

Download or read book Substance Use Disorders in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Clients written by Sandra Caughran Anderson and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internalized homophobia, alienation, poor support structures, and high levels of depression all contribute to substance abuse among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals, with social activity at bars and clubs reinforcing addictive behavior. The threat of bias in treatment programs also prevents many from seeking help. An essential resource for human service professionals searching for the latest research on these unique issues, this volume features both state of the art practice methods for treating substance use disorders and up-to-date analyses of sexual orientation and gender identity issues, heterosexism, and the ethical challenges of working with the LGBT community. Sandra Anderson discusses practice with individuals, couples, families, and small groups, as well as practice at the program level. Drawing on case studies with her own clients and from social service agencies that treat LGBT clients, Anderson emphasizes evidence-based treatment models, including motivational enhancement therapy, contingency management, the matrix model, and community reinforcement. Packed with recommendations for effective practice, this singular volume confronts the obstacles faced not only by clients with addictions but also by the LGBT population as a whole.

Rural Social Work Practice

Author : Nancy Lohmann
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231129327
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Rural Social Work Practice by : Nancy Lohmann

Download or read book Rural Social Work Practice written by Nancy Lohmann and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a major development in rural social work scholarship. It extends the knowledge base for teaching about and practicing social work in smaller, non-metropolitan communities.

Sexual Orientation and Gender Expression in Social Work Practice

Author : Deana F. Morrow
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231127286
Total Pages : 531 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Sexual Orientation and Gender Expression in Social Work Practice by : Deana F. Morrow

Download or read book Sexual Orientation and Gender Expression in Social Work Practice written by Deana F. Morrow and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "At last - a casebook that focuses exclusively on sexual orientation and gender expression in relation to social work practice. The scenarios feature gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) individuals, couples, and families, and highlight GLBT issues in groups, organizations, communities, policy arenas, and research."--Pub. desc.

Social Work with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Trans People

Author : Julie Fish
Publisher : Policy Press
ISBN 13 : 1847428037
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (474 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Social Work with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Trans People by : Julie Fish

Download or read book Social Work with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Trans People written by Julie Fish and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broadening the agenda for social work, Julie Fish here provides an in-depth survey of how social workers involved with lesbian, gay, bisexual, or trans people can provide appropriate care across the lifespan, including working with children and older people. She also tackles the challenges presented by working with asylum-seekers and people with mental health or substance abuse issues. Grounding theoretical understandings of sexuality in current policy and practice, Social Work and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Trans People is an essential tool for social work students and practitioners.

Affirmative Psychotherapy and Counseling for Lesbians and Gay Men

Author : Jeffrey N. Chernin
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 0761917691
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (619 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Affirmative Psychotherapy and Counseling for Lesbians and Gay Men by : Jeffrey N. Chernin

Download or read book Affirmative Psychotherapy and Counseling for Lesbians and Gay Men written by Jeffrey N. Chernin and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2003 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Affirmative Psychotherapy and Counseling for Lesbians and Gay Men offers a broad base of research, practice, and advocacy information about the special counseling needs of gays and lesbians. Authors Jeffrey N. Chernin and Melissa R. Johnson discuss universal themes as they apply to lesbian and gay clients, as well as issues unique to lesbians and gay men, including the treatment of same-sex couples and families, ethnic minority issues, and living with HIV/AIDS. They present sensible information on how to provide a safe therapeutic environment and how to interpret and apply psychological assessments.

The Foundations of Social Work Knowledge

Author : Frederic G. Reamer
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231080344
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (31 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Foundations of Social Work Knowledge by : Frederic G. Reamer

Download or read book The Foundations of Social Work Knowledge written by Frederic G. Reamer and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading social work educators explain the essential components of the social work curriculum: social work practice, policy and services, human behavior in the social environment, research and evaluation, field education, ethics, oppression and social injustice, and diversity and populations at risk, including ethnic minorities and people of color, women, lesbians and gays, and people with disabilities.

Social Work Practice with the LGBTQ Community

Author : Michael P. Dentato
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190612797
Total Pages : 601 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Social Work Practice with the LGBTQ Community by : Michael P. Dentato

Download or read book Social Work Practice with the LGBTQ Community written by Michael P. Dentato and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the updated, fourth edition of this classic text which has been translated into over a dozen languages, constitutional scholar and Columbia Law School professor E. Allan Farnsworth provides a clear explanation of the structure and function of the U.S. legal system in one handy reference. An Introduction to the Legal System of the United States, Fourth Edition is designed to be a general introduction to the structure and function of the legal system of the United States, and is especially useful for those readers who lack familiarity with fundamental establishments and practices. This text also gives the reader a clear understanding of how to research the law, the importance of case law versus statutes, and the difference between private and public law. It illustrates issues that may be confusing or troublesome and provides a solid general overview. It includes a new introduction by Steve Sheppard.

Multicultural Perspectives in Working with Families

Author : Elaine Congress, DSW, MSW
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 0826131468
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (261 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Multicultural Perspectives in Working with Families by : Elaine Congress, DSW, MSW

Download or read book Multicultural Perspectives in Working with Families written by Elaine Congress, DSW, MSW and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2005-04-15 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In second edition, social work and mental health students and practitioners across the full spectrum of social service settings gain essential knowledge into cutting edge issues in the assessment and treatment of families from diverse cultural backgrounds. Fully revised, with a full third of the book completely rewritten and each chapter significantly updated, the editors bring together the latest in multicultural family research and new and improved macro and micro ways of understanding and respecting the needs of new immigrants and diverse populations. Included is an important revision of Dr. Congress's essential assessment technique, the culturagram. New and updated chapters provide evidence-based and specialized perspectives, including: Handling post 9/11 complications for immigrants and refugees culturally sensitive treatment ideas for Arab-American families Working from an Afrocentric perspective Understanding the needs of the new Russian, Asian, and Hispanic immigrants Helping diverse HIV-affected families Impact of ethnicity on incest treatments Suicide attempts with adolescents Importance of spirituality

Multicultural Perspectives In Social Work Practice with Families, 3rd Edition

Author : Elaine P. Congress, MSSW, DSW
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 082610830X
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (261 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Multicultural Perspectives In Social Work Practice with Families, 3rd Edition by : Elaine P. Congress, MSSW, DSW

Download or read book Multicultural Perspectives In Social Work Practice with Families, 3rd Edition written by Elaine P. Congress, MSSW, DSW and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multicultural Perspectives in Social Work Practice with Families is in its thirdedition and continues to expand the depth and breadth with which culturemay be understood and the impact of culture in working with families.Congress, Gonzalez, and their contributors have updated this text to includea focus on evidence-based practice, 10 additional chapters, revision of avaluable assessment tool, and a culturagram. This book clearly is an essentialresource for social workers committed to culturally sensitive practice."--Journal of Teaching in Social Work Encompassing the most current issues faced by multicultural families across the lifespan and the social workers who serve them, this popular textbook contains ten new chapters and provides content that has been significantly expanded throughout. These new and reconceived chapters offer professors and social work graduate students a broader and more comprehensive take on the key issues that arise when treating families from diverse cultural backgrounds and current, evidence-based models for assessment and treatment. New chapters include: Evidence-based models of care for ethnically-diverse families Practice with Asian-American families Practice with Native American and indigenous families Practice with Hispanic families Practice with Arab families Practice with adolescents Practice with families when there is risk of suicide Practice with families dealing with substance use and abuse Practice with families around health issues Legal issues with immigrants Contributors to the text are leaders in the field of multicultural issues that encompass a wide range of racial and ethnic populations. Updated case studies, vignettes, and statistical data illustrate the book's content.

Models for Practice With Immigrants and Refugees

Author : Aimee Hilado
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1483377164
Total Pages : 659 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (833 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Models for Practice With Immigrants and Refugees by : Aimee Hilado

Download or read book Models for Practice With Immigrants and Refugees written by Aimee Hilado and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2017-04-06 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to establish a foundational framework for working with trauma-exposed immigrants and refugees, Models for Practice With Immigrants and Refugees: Collaboration, Cultural Awareness and Integrative Theory by Aimee Hilado and Marta Lundy introduces innovative approaches to address client mental health problems while supporting adjustment to life in a new country. This practice-oriented book emphasizes the relevance of Western approaches while reorienting Western concepts to be more culturally sensitive from a domestic and international perspective. Grounded in critical thinking and strengthened by an ecological systems perspective, the book presents six different models for applying and integrating Western theory and related practice strategies for working with individuals, families, groups, communities, organizations, volunteers, and local workforces.