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Foregin Owned Capitol And Endogenous Tariffs
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Book Synopsis Foregin -Owned Capitol and Endogenous Tariffs by : Marcelo Olarreaga
Download or read book Foregin -Owned Capitol and Endogenous Tariffs written by Marcelo Olarreaga and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increase in investment abroad during the past two decades may help explain the simultaneous worldwide rush toward free trade. The entry of foreign capital may change the political game, increasing openness to international trade no matter what form the foreign capital takes (whether entering by acquiring equity in existing domestic firms or by bringing foreign firms into the host economy) or what its trade orientation (whether it enters the export or import-competing sector).
Book Synopsis Foreign-Owned Capital and Endogenous Tariffs by : Marcelo Olarreaga
Download or read book Foreign-Owned Capital and Endogenous Tariffs written by Marcelo Olarreaga and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increase in investment abroad during the past two decades may help explain the simultaneous worldwide rush toward free trade. The entry of foreign capital may change the political game, increasing openness to international trade no matter what form the foreign capital takes (whether entering by acquiring equity in existing domestic firms or by bringing foreign firms into the host economy) or what its trade orientation (whether it enters the export or import-competing sector).During the past two decades there has been an important increase in investment abroad and a worldwide rush toward free trade. Olarreaga argues that the increase in investment abroad may partially explain the worldwide rush toward free trade.In a model of endogenous determination of trade protection through lobbying - where the government is also concerned about income redistribution among owners of foreign and national factors of production - foreign capital's entry into a host country will probably reduce the endogenous level of protection.If the elasticity of substitution between labor and capital is small enough, Olarreaga shows, protection cannot increase after the entry of foreign capital, regardless of the form of investment abroad (whether through the acquisition of existing domestic firms or the entry of foreign firms) or its trade orientation (whether foreign capital enters the export or import-competing sectors).There will either be increased counter-lobbying for protection by the export sector or reduced lobbying for protection in the import-competing sector, because of the scale effect associated with an increase in the equilibrium wage.If foreign entry occurs in the import-competing sector, protection might increase because of the scale effect, but under reasonable assumptions about the value of the elasticity of substitution between labor and capital, protection will also fall.This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the political economy of trade protection. The author may be contacted at [email protected].
Book Synopsis Corruption and Trade Tariffs, Or a Case for Uniform Tariffs by : Roberta Gatti
Download or read book Corruption and Trade Tariffs, Or a Case for Uniform Tariffs written by Roberta Gatti and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A highly diversified trade tariff menu may fuel bribe-taking behavior. Setting trade tariff rates at a uniform level limits public officials' ability to extract bribes from importers.
Book Synopsis Labor Market Integration in the Presence of Social Capital by : Maurice W. Schiff
Download or read book Labor Market Integration in the Presence of Social Capital written by Maurice W. Schiff and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social capital raises productivity and falls with labor mobility. Because labor mobility generates a negative externality, integration of labor markets results in too much mobility, too low a level of social capital, and an ambiguous effect on welfare. Trade liberalization is superior to labor market integration because it reduces mobility and the negative externality associated with it.
Book Synopsis Trade Policy and Market Access Issues for Developing Countries by : Constantine Michalopoulos
Download or read book Trade Policy and Market Access Issues for Developing Countries written by Constantine Michalopoulos and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of developing countries' current trade policies and market access problems is used as a basis for recommending positions for these countries in the new round of multilateral negotiations under the World Trade Organization.
Book Synopsis How Did Highly Indebted Poor Countries Become Highly Indebted? by : William Russell Easterly
Download or read book How Did Highly Indebted Poor Countries Become Highly Indebted? written by William Russell Easterly and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical models predict that countries with unchanged long-run savings preferences will respond to debt relief by running up new debts or by running down assets. And there are some signs that incremental debt relief over the past two decades has fulfilled those predictions. Debt relief is futile for countries with unchanged long-run savings preferences.
Book Synopsis Who Avoids and who Escapes from Poverty During the Transition? by : W?odzimierz Okrasa
Download or read book Who Avoids and who Escapes from Poverty During the Transition? written by W?odzimierz Okrasa and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a tendency toward chronic, long-term poverty in Poland. Most at risk: larger households, farm households, and households dependent on social welfare. Least at risk: households of employees or the self-employed, educated households, households headed by pensioners, households that are part of kinship networks, and households with liquid assets, durables, or access to financial resources. Among those who missed out on the benefits of the first phase of economic prosperity, children are overrepresented.
Book Synopsis Fiscal Solvency and Sustainability in Economic Management by : Hinh T. Dinh
Download or read book Fiscal Solvency and Sustainability in Economic Management written by Hinh T. Dinh and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a financially integrated world, it is misleading to assess fiscal performance separate from other aspects of economic development. The framework proposed here can help assess fiscal performance over time and across countries and point to a pace of fiscal adjustment consistent with a country's economic and social objectives.
Book Synopsis Is African Manufacturing Skill-constrained? by : Howard Pack
Download or read book Is African Manufacturing Skill-constrained? written by Howard Pack and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continued efforts to develop high-level industrial skills in Sub-Saharan African countries may be wasteful without a more competitive environment in the industrial sector. But lack of such skills may limit the benefits to the industrial sector from future liberalization. As a result, the supply response to improved incentives may be weak.
Book Synopsis The Effect of the United States' Granting Most Favored Nation Status to Vietnam by : Emiko Fukase
Download or read book The Effect of the United States' Granting Most Favored Nation Status to Vietnam written by Emiko Fukase and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If the United States grants Vietnam most favored nation status, both countries would benefit. Vietnamese exports to the United States would more than double, and Vietnam would gain substantial welfare benefits from improved market access and increased availability of imports. For the United States, lowering the current high tariff against Vietnam would improve welfare by reducing costly diversion away from Vietnamese products.
Book Synopsis Border, Border, Wide and Far, how We Wonder what You are by : David C. Parsley
Download or read book Border, Border, Wide and Far, how We Wonder what You are written by David C. Parsley and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crossing national borders, adds significantly to price dispersion. This study of prices in Japan and the United States finds that a susbstantial part of that border effect is attributable to distance, shipping costs, exchange rates, and relative variability in wages.
Book Synopsis The Slippery Slope by : Francisco H. G. Ferreira
Download or read book The Slippery Slope written by Francisco H. G. Ferreira and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the turbulent years 1976-96, aggregate data for Brazil appear to show only small changes in mean income, inequality, and incidence of poverty -- suggesting little change in the distribution of income. But a small group of urban households -- excluded from formal labor markets and safety nets -- was trapped in indigence. Based on welfare measured in terms of income alone, the poorest part of urban Brazil has experienced two lost decades.
Book Synopsis Competition Policy, Developing Countries and the WTO by : Bernard M. Hoekman
Download or read book Competition Policy, Developing Countries and the WTO written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing countries have a great interest in pursuing active domestic competition policy but should do so independent of the World Trade Organization -- which they should use to improve market access through further reduction in direct barriers to trade in goods and services.
Book Synopsis Household Child Care Choices and Women's Work Behavior in Russia by : Michael Lokshin
Download or read book Household Child Care Choices and Women's Work Behavior in Russia written by Michael Lokshin and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Replacing family allowances with childcare subsidies in Russia might have a strong positive effect on women's participation in the labor force and thus could be effective in reducing poverty.
Book Synopsis Jamaica's Food Stamp Program by : Kene Ezemenari
Download or read book Jamaica's Food Stamp Program written by Kene Ezemenari and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Without the food stamp program, the poverty gap in Jamaica would have been much worse during the early 1990s, when the Jamaican dollar was being devalued. Households with elderly members and young children benefited most from the program.
Book Synopsis Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics by :
Download or read book Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Are Capital Goods Tariffs Different? by : Sergii Meleshchuk
Download or read book Are Capital Goods Tariffs Different? written by Sergii Meleshchuk and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-05-22 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we demonstrate the importance of distinguishing capital goods tariffs from other tariffs. Using exposure to a quasi-natural experiment induced by a trade reform in Colombia, we find that firms that have been more exposed to a reduction in intermediate and consumption input or output tariffs do not significantly increase their investment rates. However, firms’ investment rate increase strongly in response to a reduction in capital goods input tariffs. Firms do not substitute capital with labor, but instead also increase employment, especially for production workers. Reduction in other tariff rates do not increase investment and employment. Our results suggest that a reduction in the relative price of capital goods can significantly boost investment and employment and does not seem to lead to a decline in the labor share.
