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Flash Reaction Processes
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Download or read book Flash Ironmaking written by H. Y. Sohn and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-03-08 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the two major issues faced by the modern steel industry: CO2 emissions and energy consumption. The steel industry accounts for 6.7% of the anthropogenic CO2 emissions and consumes 6% of the total energy consumed in manufacturing. In response to these critical issues, a new technology called flash ironmaking has been developed, aimed at producing iron directly from iron ore concentrate using gaseous reductants/fuels such as natural gas or hydrogen. This ironmaking technology takes advantage of the rapid reaction rate of fine particles and bypasses the palletization process. This book discusses the principles of flash ironmaking, laboratory experiments, and design and operation of a prototype flash reactor. Provides theories and principles of ironmaking and a novel ironmaking technology Includes laboratory experiments to establish the kinetic feasibility of flash ironmaking Covers the design and operation of a prototype flash reactor as well as the design of industrial-size flash ironmaking reactors Describes various cases of flow sheet development, which forms the basis for process analysis and simulation Presents economic analysis case studies Presenting a novel technology that addresses contemporary issues facing one of the largest manufacturing industries, this book is aimed at professionals and researchers in metallurgy, materials engineering, manufacturing engineering, and related disciplines.
Book Synopsis Flash Chemistry by : Jun-ichi Yoshida
Download or read book Flash Chemistry written by Jun-ichi Yoshida and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-10-13 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Have you ever wished you could speed up your organic syntheses without losing control of the reaction? Flash Chemistry is a new concept which offers an integrated scheme for fast, controlled organic synthesis. It brings together the generation of highly reactive species and their reactions in Microsystems to enable highly controlled organic syntheses on a preparative scale in timescales of a few seconds or less. Flash Chemistry: Fast Organic Synthesis in microsystems is the first book to describe this exciting new technique, with chapters covering: an introduction to flash chemistry reaction dynamics: how fast is the act of chemical transformation, what is the rate of reaction, and what determines the selectivity of a reaction? examples of why flash chemistry is needed: the rapid construction of chemical libraries, rapid synthesis of radioactive PET probes, and on-demand rapid synthesis in industry the generation of highly reactive species through thermal, microwave, chemical, photochemical, and electrochemical activation microsystems: What are microsystems and how are they made? Why is size so important? What are the characteristic features of microsystems? conduction and control of extremely fast reactions using microsystems applications of flash chemistry in organic synthesis polymer synthesis based on flash chemistry industrial applications of flash chemistry Flash Chemistry: Fast Organic Synthesis in Microsystems is an essential introduction to anyone working in organic synthesis, process chemistry, chemical engineering and physical organic chemistry concerned with fundamental aspects of chemical reactions an d synthesis and the production of organic compounds.
Book Synopsis Fluid-Solid Reactions by : H. Y. Sohn
Download or read book Fluid-Solid Reactions written by H. Y. Sohn and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-08-12 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluid-Solid Reactions, Second Edition takes a detailed and thorough look at the scope of fluid-solid reaction systems, focusing on the four phenomena: external mass transfer, pore diffusion, chemical reaction, and adsorption/desorption. This completely revised new edition builds on the classic original edition through the introduction of cutting-edge new theories and applications, including the formulation and application of a new and convenient law that governs fluid-solid reaction kinetics. This book will be of primary interest to practicing engineers engaged in process research, development, and design in the many fields where fluid-solid reactions are critical to workflow and research. Fluid-solid reactions play a major role in the technology of most industrialized nations. These reactions encompass a very broad field, including the extraction of metals from their ores, the combustion of solid fuels, coal gasification, and the incineration of solid refuse. Features 50% new and revised content, arming researchers with the latest developments in the field Details a new unified approach to modeling the rates of fluid-solid reaction systems Authored by one of the world’s foremost experts on fluid-solid reactions and their applications in the field
Book Synopsis Treatise on Process Metallurgy by : Alexander McLean
Download or read book Treatise on Process Metallurgy written by Alexander McLean and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-08-30 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatise on Process Metallurgy: Volume Four, Industrial Production provides academics with the fundamentals of the manufacturing of metallic materials, from raw materials into finished parts or products. In these fully updated volumes, coverage is expanded into four volumes, including Process Fundamentals, encompassing process fundamentals, structure and properties of matter; thermodynamic aspects of process metallurgy, and rate phenomena in process metallurgy; Processing Phenomena, encompassing interfacial phenomena in high temperature metallurgy, metallurgical process phenomena, and metallurgical process technology; Metallurgical Processes, encompassing mineral processing, aqueous processing, electrochemical material and energy processes, and iron and steel technology, non-ferrous process principles and production technologies, and more. The work distills the combined academic experience from the principal editor and the multidisciplinary four-member editorial board. Provides the entire breadth of process metallurgy in a single work Includes in-depth knowledge in all key areas of process metallurgy Approaches the topic from an interdisciplinary perspective, providing broad range coverage on topics
Download or read book Flash Smelting written by W. G. Davenport and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-05-11 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flash Smelting: Analysis, Control and Optimization deals with the analysis, control, and optimization of flash smelting. This book explores flash smelting in general and Outokumpu and Inco flash smelting in particular, and also presents a mathematical description for the flash smelting process. A set of mass and heat balance equations that can be used to describe steady state smelting under autogenous or nearautogenous smelting conditions is developed. This text has 20 chapters and begins with an overview of flash smelting and its products; the main raw materials of copper flash smelting; chemical reactions in the flash furnace; impurities in the concentrates that are fed to the flash furnace; and the operation of industrial flash furnaces. Attention then turns to Outokumpu flash smelting, Inço flash smelting, and mathematical representation of flash smelting. The chapters that follow focus on the effects of blast preheat on flash smelting; the combustion of fossil fuel in the flash furnace; and the effect of matte grade on the fossil fuel, industrial oxygen, and blast preheat requirements of flash smelting. Equations are used to determine the effects of such factors as concentrate composition, blast temperature, and dust carryout, and as the basis for optimizing and controlling the flash smelting process. This book will be of interest to both mathematicians and metallurgists.
Book Synopsis Treatise on Process Metallurgy, Volume 3: Industrial Processes by :
Download or read book Treatise on Process Metallurgy, Volume 3: Industrial Processes written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-12-09 with total page 1810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Process metallurgy provides academics with the fundamentals of the manufacturing of metallic materials, from raw materials into finished parts or products. Coverage is divided into three volumes, entitled Process Fundamentals, encompassing process fundamentals, extractive and refining processes, and metallurgical process phenomena; Processing Phenomena, encompassing ferrous processing; non-ferrous processing; and refractory, reactive and aqueous processing of metals; and Industrial Processes, encompassing process modeling and computational tools, energy optimization, environmental aspects and industrial design. The work distils 400+ years combined academic experience from the principal editor and multidisciplinary 14-member editorial advisory board, providing the 2,608-page work with a seal of quality. The volumes will function as the process counterpart to Robert Cahn and Peter Haasen's famous reference family, Physical Metallurgy (1996)--which excluded process metallurgy from consideration and which is currently undergoing a major revision under the editorship of David Laughlin and Kazuhiro Hono (publishing 2014). Nevertheless, process and extractive metallurgy are fields within their own right, and this work will be of interest to libraries supporting courses in the process area. - Synthesizes the most pertinent contemporary developments within process metallurgy so scientists have authoritative information at their fingertips - Replaces existing articles and monographs with a single complete solution, saving time for busy scientists - Helps metallurgists to predict changes and consequences and create or modify whatever process is deployed
Book Synopsis Atomic and Molecular Processes by : D.R. Bates
Download or read book Atomic and Molecular Processes written by D.R. Bates and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-06-03 with total page 921 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic and Molecular Processes focuses on radiative and collisional processes involving atoms or molecules, including photoionization, elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons, energy loss by slow electrons, excitation, ionization, detachment, charge transfer, elastic scattering, and chemical reactions. The selection first offers information on forbidden and allowed transitions, including forbidden transitions in diatomic molecular spectra; forbidden transitions in crystals; calculations of atomic line strengths; and measurements of atomic transition probabilities. The book also ponders on photoionization processes, photodetachment, and high temperature shock waves. The manuscript elaborates on electronic and ionic recombination, elastic scattering of electrons, and the motions of slow electrons in gases. The book also evaluates the theory of excitation and ionization by electron impact; measurement of collisional excitation and ionization cross sections; and spectral line broadening in plasmas. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in atomic and molecular processes.
Book Synopsis Integrated Design and Simulation of Chemical Processes by : Alexandre C. Dimian
Download or read book Integrated Design and Simulation of Chemical Processes written by Alexandre C. Dimian and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-09-18 with total page 887 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive work shows how to design and develop innovative, optimal and sustainable chemical processes by applying the principles of process systems engineering, leading to integrated sustainable processes with 'green' attributes. Generic systematic methods are employed, supported by intensive use of computer simulation as a powerful tool for mastering the complexity of physical models. New to the second edition are chapters on product design and batch processes with applications in specialty chemicals, process intensification methods for designing compact equipment with high energetic efficiency, plantwide control for managing the key factors affecting the plant dynamics and operation, health, safety and environment issues, as well as sustainability analysis for achieving high environmental performance. All chapters are completely rewritten or have been revised. This new edition is suitable as teaching material for Chemical Process and Product Design courses for graduate MSc students, being compatible with academic requirements world-wide. The inclusion of the newest design methods will be of great value to professional chemical engineers. - Systematic approach to developing innovative and sustainable chemical processes - Presents generic principles of process simulation for analysis, creation and assessment - Emphasis on sustainable development for the future of process industries
Book Synopsis The Structure and Reaction Processes of Coal by : K.Lee Smith
Download or read book The Structure and Reaction Processes of Coal written by K.Lee Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Founded on the work of the renowned Advanced Combustion Engineering Research Center, the authors document and integrate current knowledge of the organic and inorganic structure of coal and its reaction processes. With the urgent need for cleaner, more efficient use of this worldwide fuel, their work will set a clear course for future research.
Book Synopsis 7th International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical Processing by : Jiann-Yang Hwang
Download or read book 7th International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical Processing written by Jiann-Yang Hwang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 799 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technology, operation, energy, environmental, analysis, and future development of the metallurgical industries utilizing high temperature processes are covered in the book. The innovations on the extraction and production of ferrous and nonferrous metals, alloys, and refractory and ceramic materials, the heating approaches and energy management, and the treatment and utilizations of the wastes and by-products are the topics of special interests. This book focuses on the following issues: High Efficiency New Metallurgical Process and Technology Fundamental Research of Metallurgical Process Alloys and Materials Preparation Direct Reduction and Smelting Reduction Coking, New Energy and Environment Utilization of Solid Slag/Wastes and Complex Ores Characterization of High Temperature Metallurgical Process
Book Synopsis The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy by : Xu Kuangdi
Download or read book The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy written by Xu Kuangdi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 2429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Surface Modification and Mechanisms by : George E. Totten
Download or read book Surface Modification and Mechanisms written by George E. Totten and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-04-30 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Navigating through an extensive compilation of surface modification reactions and processes for specific tribological results, this reference compiles detailed studies, many not found in other texts, on various residual stresses, reaction processes and mechanisms, heat treatment methods, plasma-based techniques, laser impingement, nanometer scale surface modification, and more. Surface Modification and Mechanisms: Friction, Stress, and Reaction Engineering offers guidelines for the consideration and design of wear and frictional performance and provides a unique understanding of surface structural changes that occur during various engineering procedures.
Book Synopsis EMC ’91: Non-Ferrous Metallurgy—Present and Future by : Jean Vereecken
Download or read book EMC ’91: Non-Ferrous Metallurgy—Present and Future written by Jean Vereecken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the papers that will be presented at 'EMC '91 '-the European Metals Conference-to be held in Brussels, Belgium, from 15 to 20 September 1991, and organized by Benelux Metallurgie, GDMB (Gesellschaft Deutscher Metallhutten und Bergleute) and IMM (the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy). 'EMC '91' is the first of an intended major series organized at the European level with the aim of bringing together all those who are involved with the extraction and processing of non-ferrous metals-European metallurgists and their international colleagues-to provide them with the opportunity to exchange views on the state and evolution of their industry. The programme covers all the different aspects of the metallurgy of non-ferrous metals from mining to fabricated products. Particular attention is being paid to the European non -ferrous industry with respect to changes in demand, the technology used, pressures on the environment and the competitive position of manufacturers. The contributions of the plenary lecturers (copies of which will appear in the IMM journal Minerals Industry International in 1991-92) and the many authors are gratefully acknowledged. Thanks are also due to the referees of the papers, the sponsors, the companies that have allowed registrants to visit their operations, the chairmen of the technical sessions and the staffs of the organizing bodies for their efficient administrative work. Jean Vereecken Chairman, Organizing Committee July 1991 v Contents Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . v .
Book Synopsis Flash Photolysis and Pulse Radiolysis by : R. V. Bensasson
Download or read book Flash Photolysis and Pulse Radiolysis written by R. V. Bensasson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flash Photolysis and Pulse Radiolysis: Contributions to the Chemistry of Biology and Medicine presents the interaction of radiation with biomolecules, which is either beneficial o deleterious to life. This book discusses the biochemical reactions that are not radiation-induced by selectively generating certain types of free radicals present in normal metabolic processes. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the principle of both pulse radiolysis and flash photolysis with photoelectric detection. This text then examines the applications of flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis to the chlorophylls, bile pigments, hemoglobin and myoglobin, and the porphyrins. Other chapters consider the carotenoids related to photosynthesis. This book discusses as well the role of proteins in nearly all biological processes, including enzymatic catalysis, muscular contraction, immune protection, mechanical support, and genetic information. The final chapter deals with the structures and importance of radiosensitizers. This book is a valuable resource for chemists and biochemists.
Book Synopsis Applications of Process Engineering Principles in Materials Processing, Energy and Environmental Technologies by : Shijie Wang
Download or read book Applications of Process Engineering Principles in Materials Processing, Energy and Environmental Technologies written by Shijie Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-07 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection offers new research findings, innovations, and industrial technological developments in extractive metallurgy, energy and environment, and materials processing. Technical topics included in the book are thermodynamics and kinetics of metallurgical reactions, electrochemical processing of materials, plasma processing of materials, composite materials, ionic liquids, thermal energy storage, energy efficient and environmental cleaner technologies and process modeling. These topics are of interest not only to traditional base ferrous and non-ferrous metal industrial processes but also to new and upcoming technologies, and they play important roles in industrial growth and economy worldwide.
Book Synopsis Techniques and Applications of Fast Reactions in Solution by : W.J. Gettins
Download or read book Techniques and Applications of Fast Reactions in Solution written by W.J. Gettins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of the pioneering efforts of Eigen, de Maeyer, Norrish and Porter, the kinetics of fast reactions in solution can now be studied using chemical relaxation methods, as well as many other fast reactions techniques. These methods have been applied successfully in many branches of the natural sciences. The simultaneous growth in the number of investiga tors and the diversity of their research interests has inevitably led to communication problems. The purpose of the NATO Advanced Study Institute entitled "New Applications of Chemical Relaxation Spectrometry and Other Fast Reaction Methods in Solution", was to create a forum so that research scientists working in different areas concerned with fast reactions could interact. This meeting was held at the Llandinam Building, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth from September 10th-20th, 1978. In addition to lectures on techniques and theory, two days of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, were spent discussing the current state of the art in this field. This two day meeting was also run under the auspices of the Chemical Society, Fast Reactions in Solution Group. The papers in this volume are the result of the contribu tions given in the Aberystwyth meeting. We have attempted to make this volume useful for the non-expert and a comprehensive introduction to theory, as well as the instrumentation used in the studies are discussed in detail.
Book Synopsis Multidisciplinary Approaches to The FLASH Radiotherapy by : Fabio Di Martino
Download or read book Multidisciplinary Approaches to The FLASH Radiotherapy written by Fabio Di Martino and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-06-28 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiotherapy (RT) is a cornerstone of cancer treatment, being routinely used for approximately half of cancer patients in high-income countries. Despite the extensive use of RT for over 60 years, its toxicity on normal tissues often limits the treatment of radioresistant tumors and is responsible for significant decrease in patient’s quality of life. However, it was recently established that ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) irradiation induces significantly less normal tissues toxicities, while keeping similar antitumor effect compared to conventional dose rate irradiation. This so called “FLASH Effect" was demonstrated in vivo on different animal models and different organs by delivering the total amount of radiation dose in a very short time ( usually <200 ms), with average dose rates above 40 Gy/s and with different particles including electrons, protons and photons.
