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Author : Elena Aprile
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (126 download)
Download or read book First Dark Matter Search Results from the XENON1T Experiment written by Elena Aprile and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Zachary Greene
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)
Download or read book The XENON1T Spin-Independent WIMP Dark Matter Search Results and a Model to Characterize the Reduction of Electronegative Impurities in Its 3.2 Tonne Liquid Xenon Detector written by Zachary Greene and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: XENON1T is the first tonne-scale TPC, and with 278.8 days of dark matter data has set the strictest limits on WIMP-nucleon interaction cross sections above WIMP masses of 6 GeV/c^2, with a minimum of 4.1 x10^{-47} cm^2 at 30 GeV/c^2. XENON1T and the analysis that led to this result are discussed, with an emphasis on electronic and nuclear recoil calibration fits, which help discriminate between background and WIMP-like events. Interactions in liquid xenon produce light and charge that are measured in TPCs. These signals are attenuated by electronegative impurities including O_2 and H_2O, which are homogeneously distributed throughout the liquid xenon. The decrease in observables enlarges the uncertainty in our analysis, and can decrease our sensitivity. Methods on measuring the charge loss are presented, and a physics model that describes the behavior of the electronegative impurity concentration over the lifetime of XENON1T is derived. The model is shown to successfully explain the more than two years of data.
Author : Enrico Morgante
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319676067
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)
Download or read book Aspects of WIMP Dark Matter Searches at Colliders and Other Probes written by Enrico Morgante and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis covers several theoretical aspects of WIMP (weakly interacting massive particles) dark matter searches, with a particular emphasis on colliders. It mainly focuses on the use of effective field theories as a tool for Large Hadron Collider (LHC) searches, discussing in detail the issue of their validity, and on simplified dark matter models, which are receiving a growing attention from the physics community. It highlights the theoretical consistency of simplified models, which is essential in order to correctly exploit their potential and for them to be a common reference when comparing results from different experiments. This thesis is of interest to researchers (both theorists and experimentalists) in the field of dark matter searches, and offers a comprehensive introduction to dark matter and to WIMP searches for students and non-experts.
Author : David Cline
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400772416
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe written by David Cline and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-25 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings provide the latest results on dark matter and dark energy research. The UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy hosted its tenth Dark Matter and Dark Energy conference in Marina del Rey and brought together all the leaders in the field. The symposium provided a scientific forum for the latest discussions in the field. Topics covered at the symposium: •Status of measurements of the equation of state of dark energy and new experiments •The search for missing energy events at the LHC and implications for dark matter search •Theoretical calculations on all forms of dark matter (SUSY, axions, sterile neutrinos, etc.) •Status of the indirect search for dark matter •Status of the direct search for dark matter in detectors around the world •The low-mass wimp search region •The next generation of very large dark matter detectors •New underground laboratories for dark matter search
Author : Tanushree Basak
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1643271326
Total Pages : 63 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (432 download)
Download or read book An Approach to Dark Matter Modelling written by Tanushree Basak and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the field of particle and astrophysics, one of the major unresolved problems is to understand the nature and properties of dark matter, which constitutes almost 80% of the matter content of the universe. This book gives a pedagogical introduction to the field of dark matter in general, and in particular to the model building perspective. Starting from the evidence and need for dark matter, it goes into the deeper understanding of how to accommodate a dark matter candidate in a particle physics model. This book focuses on teaching the basic tools for model building of dark matter, starting from the easiest to gradually the difficult one. Although there are plenty of dark matter models available in the literature, this book concentrates on the important ones. This book aims to motivate the reader to propose a new dark matter model complying with all observational constraints.
Author : Evan Shockley
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030877523
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)
Download or read book Study of Excess Electronic Recoil Events in XENON1T written by Evan Shockley and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-30 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis summarizes the original analysis work performed by the author on data from XENON1T, a search for dark matter with a ton-size noble liquid detector operated at Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory in Italy. The nature of dark matter is one of the most open and pressing questions of modern physics, and the unique data acquired with this detector allows the exploration and investigation of several potential scenarios. The analysis of Dr. Shockley searches for a class of elusive elementary particles that interact with the electrons of ordinary atoms, instead of the nucleus. Results of the analysis present, with high confidence, an excess with respect to the expected background. Beyond more mundane explanations, this additional rate of electron-mediated interactions might be a first hint of physics beyond the standard model. This accessible thesis provides details on the detector, the data, and the theory, delivering to the reader an in-depth and coherent picture of the search for physics beyond the standard model.
Author : Yun Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book The Cryogenic Infrastructure of the XENON1T Dark Matter Experiment written by Yun Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I first give an instrument overview of the systems in XENON1T. I then review the cooling methods in LXe detectors which led to the design of the cooling system implemented in the XENON1T experiment, and suggest a design of the cooling system for future LXe dark matter experiments at the 50 tons scale. I describe and discuss in detail the design and the performance of the XENON1T Cryogenic Infrastructure. Finally, I describe the detector stability and the corresponding data selection in all three XENON1T science runs, and describe the dark matter search results from the one ton-year exposure.
Author : Elena Aprile
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527609636
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)
Download or read book Noble Gas Detectors written by Elena Aprile and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-02-27 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the physical properties of noble fluids, operational principles of detectors based on these media, and the best technical solutions to the design of these detectors. Essential attention is given to detector technology: purification methods and monitoring of purity, information readout methods, electronics, detection of hard ultra-violet light emission, selection of materials, cryogenics etc. The book is mostly addressed to physicists and graduate students involved in the preparation of fundamental next generation experiments, nuclear engineers developing instrumentation for national nuclear security and for monitoring nuclear materials.
Author : Vuk Mandic
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 922 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (34 download)
Download or read book First Results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Experiment at the Deep Site written by Vuk Mandic and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Matthew Anthony
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)
Download or read book Understanding Low-Energy Nuclear Recoils in Liquid Xenon for Dark Matter Searches and the First Results of XENON1T written by Matthew Anthony and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An abundance of cosmological evidence suggests that cold dark matter exists and makes up 83% of the matter in the universe. At the same time, this dark matter has eluded direct detection and its identity remains a mystery. Many large international collaborations are actively searching for dark matter through its potential annihilation in high-density regions of the universe, its creation in particle accelerators, and its interaction with Standard Model particles in low-background detectors. One of the most promising dark matter candidates is the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) which falls naturally out of extensions of the Standard Model. A variety of detectors have been employed in the search for WIMPs, which are expected to scatter with atomic nuclei, yet none have been more successful than dual-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers (TPCs). The first ton-scale liquid xenon TPC, XENON1T, began operating in 2016 and with only 34.2 days of data has set the most strict limits on the WIMP-nucleon interaction cross sections for WIMP masses above 10 GeV/c^2, with a minimum of 7.7 × 10−47 cm^2 for 35 GeV/c^2 WIMPs.
Author : Jelle Aalbers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789462339842
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (398 download)
Download or read book Dark Matter Search with XENON1T written by Jelle Aalbers and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most matter in the universe consists of 'dark matter' unknown to particle physics. Deep underground detectors such as XENON1T attempt to detect rare collisions of dark matter with ordinary atoms. This thesis describes the first dark matter search of XENON1T, how dark matter signals would appear in the detector, and the statistical techniques used in the search. The final chapters set world-leading constraints on the cross-section with which dark and normal matter interact.
Author : Franz Ludwig Rauch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book From Final Dark Matter Results and Background Shape Uncertainties in XENON100 to First Light in XENON1T written by Franz Ludwig Rauch and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bjorn Scholz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319997475
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)
Download or read book First Observation of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering written by Bjorn Scholz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the experimental work that finally led to a successful measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering—a process proposed forty-three years ago. The experiment was performed at the Spallation Neutron Source facility, sited at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, in Tennessee. Of all known particles, neutrinos distinguish themselves for being the hardest to detect, typically requiring large multi-ton devices for the job. The process measured here involves the difficult detection of very weak signals arising from nuclear recoils (tiny neutrino-induced “kicks” to atomic nuclei), but leads to a much larger probability of neutrino interaction when compared to all other known mechanisms. As a result of this, “neutrino technologies” using miniaturized detectors (the author's was handheld and weighed only 14 kg) become a possibility. A large community of researchers plans to continue studying this process, facilitating an exploration of fundamental neutrino properties that is presently beyond the sensitivity of other methods.
Author : Daniel Wenz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)
Download or read book Commissioning of the World's First Water Cherenkov Neutron Veto and First WIMP Dark Matter Search Results of the XENONnT Experiment written by Daniel Wenz and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rich number of astronomical and cosmological observations suggest the existence of a massive, non-luminous, and non-relativistic, matter component in the universe which is five times more abundant than baryonic matter and is commonly referred as to dark matter (DM). Although so far eluding from detection, one class of promising DM candidates are weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) which arise naturally from many beyond the Standard Model (BSM) theories. The XENON Dark Matter Project aims to directly detect WIMPs, and other kinds of rare event signals, by utilizing large-scale liquid xenon (LXe) dual-phase time projection chambers (TPCs). The newest generation of experiment, called XENONnT, utilizes a TPC with a total sensitive LXe mass of 5.9 t, and was designed as a fast upgrade of its predecessor XENON1T. In addition to its larger TPC, XENONnT was augmented with the world's first water Cherenkov neutron veto (NV), which was mounted inside the already existing water Cherenkov muon veto water tank of XENON1T. Neutrons emitted by detector materials can undergo a single back-scatter inside the TPC producing a signal which is indistinguishable from WIMPs. The NV has the task to mitigate this potential threat for the scientific reach of the experiment by tagging these escaping neutrons through their delayed neutron capture on hydrogen. In the presented work, the results of the first weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) search science run, called SR0, are discussed. SR0 features a blind analysis between 3.3 keV and 60.5 keV nuclear recoils energies with a total exposure of about 1.1 tonne-year, utilizing the lowest ever achieved electronic recoil background of (15.8 ± 1.3) events/(t · y · keV) in a LXe. No significant excess was found in the data, setting the lowest upper limit of 2.58 · 10-47 cm2 for spin-independent (SI) interactions of 28 GeV/c2 WIMPs at a 90% confidence level. These results have also been published in [Apr+23b] as part of the presented work. To obtain these results, this thesis discusses the commissioning of the XENONnT neutron veto (NV), and the calibration of its neutron tagging efficiency. The tagging efficiency was found to be (53.1±2.8)% which is the highest efficiency ever measured in a water Cherenkov detector. The efficiency of the NV, as well as the nuclear recoil (NR) response of the time projection chamber (TPC), were calibrated using tagged neutrons from an Americium-Beryllium (AmBe) neutron source. This technique was deployed for the first time in a liquid xenon (LXe) TPC. It enables a calibration of the NR response with high purity and a remaining pollution of less than 0.1 %. Further, the same calibration data was used to determine the thermal neutron capture cross section of hydrogen which was found to be 336.7 ± 0.4 (stat.)+2.0 -0.0 (sys.) mb. All these analyses are based on the data provided by XENONnT's new processing framework called STRAXEN. As part of the lead developing team, the entire processing chain for the two veto systems of XENONnT was developed, and many additional tools have been implemented. Finally, to enhance the neutron tagging efficiency of the NV even further, the water inside the water tank is going to be doped with Gd-sulfate. As part of the presented work, different Gd-salt samples of the manufacturer Treibacher were analyzed regarding their suitability for the experiment.
Author : Sunny Vagnozzi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030535029
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Weigh Them All! written by Sunny Vagnozzi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-13 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three neutrinos are ghostly elementary particles that exist all across the Universe. Though every second billions of them fly through us, they are extremely hard to detect. We used to think they had no mass, but recently discovered that in fact they have a tiny mass. The quest for the neutrino mass scale and mass ordering (specifying how the three masses are distributed) is an extremely exciting one, and will open the door towards new physics operating at energy scales we can only ever dream of reaching on Earth. This thesis explores the use of measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background (the oldest light reaching us, a snapshot of the infant Universe) and maps of millions of galaxies to go after the neutrino mass scale and mass ordering. Neutrinos might teach us something about the mysterious dark energy powering the accelerated expansion of the Universe, or about cosmic inflation, which seeded the initial conditions for the Universe. Though extremely baffling, neutrinos are also an exceptionally exciting area of research, and cosmological observations promise to reveal a great deal about these elusive particles in the coming years.
Author : B. Lee Roberts
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814271845
Total Pages : 772 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (142 download)
Download or read book Lepton Dipole Moments written by B. Lee Roberts and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a self-contained description of the measurements of the magnetic dipole moments of the electron and muon, along with a discussion of the measurements of the fine structure constant, and the theory associated with magnetic and electric dipole moments. Also included are the searches for a permanent electric dipole moment of the electron, muon, neutron and atomic nuclei. The related topic of the transition moment for lepton flavor violating processes, such as neutrinoless muon or tauon decays, and the search for such processes are included as well. The papers, written by many of the leading authors in this field, cover both the experimental and theoretical aspects of these topics. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Historical Introduction to Electric and Mangnetic Moments (367 KB). Contents: Historical Introduction (B L Roberts); Electromagnetic Dipole Moments and New Physics (A Czarnecki & W J Marciano); Lepton g OCo 2 from 1947 to Present (T Kinoshita); Analytic QED Calculations of the Anomalous Magnetic Moment of the Electron (S Laporta & E Remiddi); Measurements of the Electron Magnetic Moment (G Gabrielse); Determining the Fine Structure Constant (G Gabrielse); Helium Fine Structure Theory for the Determination of (K Pachucki & J Sapirstein); Hadronic Vacuum Polarization and the Lepton Anomalous Magnetic Moments (M Davier); The Hadronic Light-by-Light Contribution to a, e (J Prades et al.); General Prescriptions for One-loop Contributions to a e, (K R Lynch); Measurement of the Muon ( g OCo 2) Value (J P Miller et al.); Muon ( g OCo 2) and Physics Beyond the Standard Model (D StAckinger); Probing CP Violation with Electric Dipole Moments (M Pospelov & A Ritz); The Electric Dipole Moment of the Electron (E D Commins & D DeMille); Neutron EDM Experiments (S K Lamoreaux & R Golub); Nuclear Electric Dipole Moments (W C Griffith et al.); EDM Measurements in Storage Rings (B L Roberts et al.); Models of Lepton Flavor Violation (Y Okada); Search for the Charged Lepton-Flavor-Violating Transition Moments l OaAE l OC (Y Kuno). Readership: Researchers and graduate students in particle physics, atomic physics and nuclear physics, as well as experts working in the field
Author : Arto Annila
Publisher : Privus Press
ISBN 13 : 9529433654
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (294 download)
Download or read book BACK TO REALITY written by Arto Annila and published by Privus Press. This book was released on 2020-07-15 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WHAT IS TIME? WHAT IS SPACE? WHAT IS MATTER? WHAT IS LIFE? seem unrelated questions, but take a look and find answers to many foundational questions, from elementary particles to the expanding universe and from the evolution of biotas to the ascent of cultures, through the scientific insight that everything that exists deep down comprises quanta of light.
