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Firm Productivity In Bangladesh Manufacturing Industries
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Book Synopsis Firm Productivity in Bangladesh Manufacturing Industries by : Ana M. Fernandes
Download or read book Firm Productivity in Bangladesh Manufacturing Industries written by Ana M. Fernandes and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the correlates of firm total factor productivity (TFP) in Bangladesh using data from a recent survey of large manufacturing firms. TFP measures are obtained following [Ackerberg, D., Caves, K., and Frazer, G. (2007). Structural identification of production functions. UCLA mimeo] and using firm-specific deflators for output and inputs. Controlling for industry, location, and year fixed effects, we find that firm size and TFP are negatively correlated while firm age and TFP exhibit an inverse U-shaped relationship. We also find that managerial quality and global integration are positively associated with firm TFP. Finally, we find that power supply problems, heavy bureaucracy, and the presence of crime dampen firm TFP.
Book Synopsis Firm Productivity in Bangladesh Manufacturing Industries by : Ana Margarida Fernandes
Download or read book Firm Productivity in Bangladesh Manufacturing Industries written by Ana Margarida Fernandes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The author studies the determinants of total factor productivity (TFP) for manufacturing firms in Bangladesh using data from a recent survey. She obtains TFP measures by making use of firm-specific deflators for output and inputs. Controlling for industry, location, and year fixed effects, she finds that: (1) firm size and TFP are negatively correlated; (2) firm age and TFP exhibit an inverse-U shaped relationship; (3) TFP improves with the quality of the firm's human capital; (4) global integration improves TFP; (5) firms with research and development activities and quality certifications have higher TFP, while more advanced technologies improve TFP only in the presence of significant absorptive capacity; (6) power supply problems cost firms heavily in terms of TFP losses; and (7) the presence of crime dampens TFP. "--World Bank web site.
Book Synopsis Firm Productivity in Bangladesh Manufacturing Industries by : Ana Margarida Fernandes
Download or read book Firm Productivity in Bangladesh Manufacturing Industries written by Ana Margarida Fernandes and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author studies the determinants of total factor productivity (TFP) for manufacturing firms in Bangladesh using data from a recent survey. She obtains TFP measures by making use of firm-specific deflators for output and inputs. Controlling for industry, location, and year fixed effects, she finds that: (1) firm size and TFP are negatively correlated; (2) firm age and TFP exhibit an inverse-U shaped relationship; (3) TFP improves with the quality of the firm's human capital; (4) global integration improves TFP; (5) firms with research and development activities and quality certifications have higher TFP, while more advanced technologies improve TFP only in the presence of significant absorptive capacity; (6) power supply problems cost firms heavily in terms of TFP losses; and (7) the presence of crime dampens TFP.
Book Synopsis Market-oriented Economic Reforms, Capacity Realization, and Technical Progress in Bangladesh Manufacturing by : Ruhul Amin Salim
Download or read book Market-oriented Economic Reforms, Capacity Realization, and Technical Progress in Bangladesh Manufacturing written by Ruhul Amin Salim and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Capacity Realization and Productivity Growth in a Developing Country by : Ruhul A. Salim
Download or read book Capacity Realization and Productivity Growth in a Developing Country written by Ruhul A. Salim and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999. Firms in manufacturing industries are influenced by the market-oriented liberalization reform policies in many developing countries since the late eighties. However, studies applying appropriate methodology to appropriate data seldom analyze the impact of reforms on the performance of production units such as manufacturing firms. The central point of this book is to address this issue by comparing firms’ achievement with 'best practice' performance before and after reforms. This form of analysis is not new but it emphasizes a new focus or realignment of thinking within neoclassical economics to develop an analytical framework. This book examines the productivity growth of Bangladesh manufacturing firms as component measures of changes in capacity realization and technical progress. The significant feature of this approach is that it allows for the inefficiency of firms, and thus productivity growth is estimated rather than taking it as a residual as is usually measured in the traditional growth accounting approach. High rates of technological progress, on the one hand, can co-exist with low rates of capacity realization. On the other hand, relatively low rates of technological progress can co-exist with an improving capacity realization. As a result specific policy actions are required to address the difference in the sources of variation in productivity. In this respect this book would provide invaluable insights for policy makers, development practitioners, academics and students of economics.
Book Synopsis Economic Liberalization and Productivity Growth by : Ruhul Salim
Download or read book Economic Liberalization and Productivity Growth written by Ruhul Salim and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of economic liberalization reforms on the productive performances of manufacturing firms remains a contentious issue in the literature. This paper attempts to contribute to the debate by empirically estimating productivity growth of Bangladesh food manufacturing using firm level data before and after reform. Empirical results show that the share of output growth was accounted for by input growth in most sectors of this industry. In some sectors, the estimated rate of total factor productivity (TFP) growth is negligible or even negative. Decomposition of the TFP growth shows that technological progress plays a significant role in TFP growth across firms within the sub-sectors of this industry. Empirical results also show that the relative contribution of capacity realization to TFP growth is not substantial in inhibiting the industry's high and sustained growth. These dismal performances indicate that the industries responded a little to the implementation of economic reforms.
Book Synopsis Differentials at Firm Level Productive Capacity Realization in Bangladesh Food Manufacturing by : Ruhul Salim
Download or read book Differentials at Firm Level Productive Capacity Realization in Bangladesh Food Manufacturing written by Ruhul Salim and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article empirically estimates the firm-specific productive capacity realization (PCR) indices using the stochastic frontier production function and analyses a number of variables explaining realization rates across firms and over time. Following Battese and Coelli (1995) the stochastic frontier production function is used to estimate capacity output and thereby PCR. Using the Firm level panel data from Bangladesh food manufacturing, the results show that capacity realization rates widely vary across firms and over time. The average rate of realization is about 65% implying that most of the firms are producing away from their full production capacity. This article also identifies several firm-specific and policy-related variables explaining capacity realization. The results show that firm size (SZE) and outward orientation (OPN) have positive while capital intensity (CNSTY), market structure (MSTRE) and effective rate of assistance (ERA) have negative impact on realization rates. Strikingly, both policy-related variables are statistically insignificant. Sensitivity analysis using the 'extreme bound analysis' also confirms the fragility (insignificance) of these two variables. Excessive support to firms and piecemeal liberalization reform may be attributed to these results. Thus, further reform of the domestic and trade policies are suggested to ensure competition and competitiveness of the manufacturing sector and of the country.
Book Synopsis Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Africa by : Hinh T. Dinh
Download or read book Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Africa written by Hinh T. Dinh and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents empirical analyses of manufacturing firm performance in Africa based on the World Bank Enterprise Survey and on a one-time quantitative survey conducted for the World Bank by the Center for the Study of African Economies of Oxford University.
Book Synopsis Firm Innovation and Productivity in Latin America and the Caribbean by : Inter-American Development Bank
Download or read book Firm Innovation and Productivity in Latin America and the Caribbean written by Inter-American Development Bank and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume uses the study of firm dynamics to investigate the factors preventing faster productivity growth in Latin America and the Caribbean, pushing past the limits of traditional macroeconomic analyses. Each chapter is dedicated to an examination of a different factor affecting firm productivity - innovation, ICT usage, on-the-job-training, firm age, access to credit, and international linkages - highlighting the differences in firm characteristics, behaviors, and strategies. By showcasing this remarkable heterogeneity, this collection challenges regional policymakers to look beyond one-size-fits-all solutions and create balanced policy mixes tailored to distinct firm needs. This book is open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO license.
Book Synopsis Misallocation and Productivity by : Ferdous Bin Jalil
Download or read book Misallocation and Productivity written by Ferdous Bin Jalil and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important determinant of aggregate measured productivity is how resources are allocated across heterogeneous production units. Idiosyncratic distortions from institutional policies and factors can be a source for resource misallocation resulting in lower total factor productivity and aggregate output. Distortions create heterogeneity in production units: cause before-tax marginal revenue products to be higher in production units that face disincentives, and to be lower in production units that receive incentives. In the absence of distortions, production units equate marginal products with their corresponding factor prices, making resource allocations efficient because the more productive units proportionately use more resources. In the presence of distortions, they are equated with both factor prices and distortions, making equilibrium allocations dependent on both individual TFPs and distortions and resulting in aggregate output and TFP losses. Using detailed household farm-level data from Bangladesh, I measure the observed gross TFP of Bangladesh's agriculture. I find that capital and intermediate inputs are misallocated in Bangladesh. If resources were hypothetically reallocated across farms, then aggregate TFP could increase by more than 120% relative to the observed TFP. Using firm-level manufacturing data from Bangladesh, I develop a model to measure industry-level and aggregate TFP. If allocations were efficient, then aggregate TFP could increase by 95%. Capital is more misallocated than labor in manufacturing. I develop a two-sector model of agriculture and non-agriculture, each with an endogenous distribution of production units. Sector-wise, the distribution of active production units depends on the productivity of the unit operation and idiosyncratic distortions that the unit faces in that sector. I capture idiosyncratic distortions as a producer-sector-specific output tax that stands in as a catch-all for the policies and institutions that alter the relative prices faced by producers within each sector. I use micro-level data on manufacturing plants and farms and a quantitative framework to measure the distortions. I calibrate my model to the micro data from Bangladesh with observed distortions. I find that eliminating distortions in each sector raises productivity in that sector, but at the aggregate level it is only improvements in agricultural labor productivity that generate substantial structural change in the economy.
Book Synopsis Productivity Growth in the Manufacturing Sector by : Mihir Kumar Pal
Download or read book Productivity Growth in the Manufacturing Sector written by Mihir Kumar Pal and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2021-06-03 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth of manufacturing industries is one of the key sectors in helping to mitigate global recessions. Productivity Growth in the Manufacturing Sector thoroughly discusses issues and potential remedies of this sector for a range of international countries.
Download or read book Making It Big written by Andrea Ciani and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic and social progress requires a diverse ecosystem of firms that play complementary roles. Making It Big: Why Developing Countries Need More Large Firms constitutes one of the most up-to-date assessments of how large firms are created in low- and middle-income countries and their role in development. It argues that large firms advance a range of development objectives in ways that other firms do not: large firms are more likely to innovate, export, and offer training and are more likely to adopt international standards of quality, among other contributions. Their particularities are closely associated with productivity advantages and translate into improved outcomes not only for their owners but also for their workers and for smaller enterprises in their value chains. The challenge for economic development, however, is that production does not reach economic scale in low- and middle-income countries. Why are large firms scarcer in developing countries? Drawing on a rare set of data from public and private sources, as well as proprietary data from the International Finance Corporation and case studies, this book shows that large firms are often born large—or with the attributes of largeness. In other words, what is distinct about them is often in place from day one of their operations. To fill the “missing top†? of the firm-size distribution with additional large firms, governments should support the creation of such firms by opening markets to greater competition. In low-income countries, this objective can be achieved through simple policy reorientation, such as breaking oligopolies, removing unnecessary restrictions to international trade and investment, and establishing strong rules to prevent the abuse of market power. Governments should also strive to ensure that private actors have the skills, technology, intelligence, infrastructure, and finance they need to create large ventures. Additionally, they should actively work to spread the benefits from production at scale across the largest possible number of market participants. This book seeks to bring frontier thinking and evidence on the role and origins of large firms to a wide range of readers, including academics, development practitioners and policy makers.
Book Synopsis Capacity Realization and Productivity Growth in a Developing Country by : Ruhul A. Salim
Download or read book Capacity Realization and Productivity Growth in a Developing Country written by Ruhul A. Salim and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999. Firms in manufacturing industries are influenced by the market-oriented liberalization reform policies in many developing countries since the late eighties. However, studies applying appropriate methodology to appropriate data seldom analyze the impact of reforms on the performance of production units such as manufacturing firms. The central point of this book is to address this issue by comparing firms’ achievement with 'best practice' performance before and after reforms. This form of analysis is not new but it emphasizes a new focus or realignment of thinking within neoclassical economics to develop an analytical framework. This book examines the productivity growth of Bangladesh manufacturing firms as component measures of changes in capacity realization and technical progress. The significant feature of this approach is that it allows for the inefficiency of firms, and thus productivity growth is estimated rather than taking it as a residual as is usually measured in the traditional growth accounting approach. High rates of technological progress, on the one hand, can co-exist with low rates of capacity realization. On the other hand, relatively low rates of technological progress can co-exist with an improving capacity realization. As a result specific policy actions are required to address the difference in the sources of variation in productivity. In this respect this book would provide invaluable insights for policy makers, development practitioners, academics and students of economics.
Book Synopsis Three Essays on Firm Productivity in Industrial Organization and International Trade by : Hongsong Zhang
Download or read book Three Essays on Firm Productivity in Industrial Organization and International Trade written by Hongsong Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Global Productivity by : Alistair Dieppe
Download or read book Global Productivity written by Alistair Dieppe and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-06-09 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COVID-19 pandemic struck the global economy after a decade that featured a broad-based slowdown in productivity growth. Global Productivity: Trends, Drivers, and Policies presents the first comprehensive analysis of the evolution and drivers of productivity growth, examines the effects of COVID-19 on productivity, and discusses a wide range of policies needed to rekindle productivity growth. The book also provides a far-reaching data set of multiple measures of productivity for up to 164 advanced economies and emerging market and developing economies, and it introduces a new sectoral database of productivity. The World Bank has created an extraordinary book on productivity, covering a large group of countries and using a wide variety of data sources. There is an emphasis on emerging and developing economies, whereas the prior literature has concentrated on developed economies. The book seeks to understand growth patterns and quantify the role of (among other things) the reallocation of factors, technological change, and the impact of natural disasters, including the COVID-19 pandemic. This book is must-reading for specialists in emerging economies but also provides deep insights for anyone interested in economic growth and productivity. Martin Neil Baily Senior Fellow, The Brookings Institution Former Chair, U.S. President’s Council of Economic Advisers This is an important book at a critical time. As the book notes, global productivity growth had already been slowing prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and collapses with the pandemic. If we want an effective recovery, we have to understand what was driving these long-run trends. The book presents a novel global approach to examining the levels, growth rates, and drivers of productivity growth. For anyone wanting to understand or influence productivity growth, this is an essential read. Nicholas Bloom William D. Eberle Professor of Economics, Stanford University The COVID-19 pandemic hit a global economy that was already struggling with an adverse pre-existing condition—slow productivity growth. This extraordinarily valuable and timely book brings considerable new evidence that shows the broad-based, long-standing nature of the slowdown. It is comprehensive, with an exceptional focus on emerging market and developing economies. Importantly, it shows how severe disasters (of which COVID-19 is just the latest) typically harm productivity. There are no silver bullets, but the book suggests sensible strategies to improve growth prospects. John Fernald Schroders Chaired Professor of European Competitiveness and Reform and Professor of Economics, INSEAD
Book Synopsis Research in Accounting in Emerging Economies by : Shahzad Uddin
Download or read book Research in Accounting in Emerging Economies written by Shahzad Uddin and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2010-12-02 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes research papers that examines various issues including the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSASs), management accounting change in the context of public sector reforms, corporate reporting disclosures, auditing, etcetera.
Book Synopsis South Asia's Turn by : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo
Download or read book South Asia's Turn written by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-05-23 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Asia has a huge need to create more and better jobs for a growing population †“ especially in the manufacturing industries where it is underperforming as compared to East Asia. The report examines three critical and relatively understudied drivers of competitiveness: -Economies of agglomeration: firms and workers accrue benefits from locating close together in cities or clusters through urbanization and localization. -Participation in global value chains: stronger competitive pressures weed out least productive firms while others improve by gaining access to new knowledge and better inputs. -Firm capabilities: in order to operate close to what would be considered optimum efficiency levels given the prevailing factor prices and thus employ South Asia’s abundant labor. The report shows that South Asia has great untapped competitiveness potential. Realizing this potential would require the governments in the region to pursue second generation trade policy reforms for firms to better contribute to and benefit from global value chains (e.g. facilitating imports for exporters), to facilitate the development of industrial clusters in secondary cities (cheaper and less congested than the metros) as well as to deploy policies to improve the capabilities of firms.
