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Festulolium
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Book Synopsis Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses by : Beat Boller
Download or read book Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses written by Beat Boller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-14 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grassland farming in Europe was already established during the settlement of the rst farmers together with their domesticated animals after the last ice age. Since then, grassland provides the forage basis to feed ruminant animals for the p- duction of meat and milk. Depending on the ecological conditions and intensity of usage, various plant communities with different species developed, displaying a rich biodiversity. With the introduction of improved crop rotations at the end of the 16th century, grasses and legumes were also grown to an important extent as forage crops on arable land. In the last decades the importance of amenity grasses increased markedly, due to the demand of the society for new usages like landscape protection. Around 1900 interested farmers and academics identi ed the need for gra- land improvement through systematic selection and seed production. This marks the beginning of breeding and research in companies but also at universities and specialized research institutes. Plant collection started with many of the species that are still of importance today. The collected materials were grouped according to the intended use and some type of phenotypic selection was applied. Seed mul- plication of such populations was performed in pure stands and the harvested seed was marketed. Although the vegetative biomass and its quality are of utmost imp- tance in forage crop breeding, it is the seed yield potential which determines the commercial success of a new variety.
Book Synopsis Sustainable use of Genetic Diversity in Forage and Turf Breeding by : Christian Huyghe
Download or read book Sustainable use of Genetic Diversity in Forage and Turf Breeding written by Christian Huyghe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grassland produces feed for livestock, improves soil fertility and structure, protects water resources and may contribute to climate change mitigation through carbon storage and to biodiversity preservation. It simultaneously maintains sustainable economic outputs for farmers and provides ecosystem services. Turf similarly c- siderably contributes to our environment by adding beauty to our surroundings, providing a safe playing surface for sports and recreation. The species diversity present in most grasslands and turfs is a functional div- sity contributing to the previously mentioned agronomic and environmental bene?ts. The species belong to different functional groups and the adequate species com- sition may maximise the agronomic performance through a higher production and a better quality and the environmental bene?ts through symbiotic nitrogen ?xation or sources of pollen and nectar to pollinators. In a given grassland or turf, the genetic diversity available in each variety contributes to this economic and environmental performance, but also to the stability of these performances including the stability of the resistance against pathogens and pests. Natural grasslands share many species with the sown swards. They may be regarded as favourable sites for in situ preservation of genetic diversity as well as valuable sources of diversity for breeding.
Book Synopsis Tall Fescue for the Twenty-first Century by : Henry A. Fribourg
Download or read book Tall Fescue for the Twenty-first Century written by Henry A. Fribourg and published by ASA-CSSA-SSSA. This book was released on 2009 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Book and Multimedia Publishing Committee; David Baltensperger, chair ... [et al.]."
Book Synopsis New Flora of the British Isles by : Clive Stace
Download or read book New Flora of the British Isles written by Clive Stace and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 1267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its first publication in 1991, New Flora of the British Isles has become established as the standard work on the identification of the wild vascular plants of the British Isles. The Flora remains unique in many features, including its full coverage of all British wild plants, its user-friendly organisation, and its specially compiled keys and descriptions. This new edition includes the addition of more than 160 species, so that 4,800 taxa are now covered in varying degrees of detail. It also incorporates the new molecular system of classification based on DNA sequences. Furthermore, it includes 1600 species illustrations, rewritten distributions and an overhaul of the designation of degrees of rarity, with the introduction of a third, less rare, category. These revisions should ensure that this third edition remains the essential reference source for all taxonomists, ecologists, conservationists, plant hunters and biogeographers, whether they be researchers, teachers, students or amateurs.
Book Synopsis XX International Grassland Conference: Offered papers by : F.P. O'Mara
Download or read book XX International Grassland Conference: Offered papers written by F.P. O'Mara and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 975 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book contains a compilation of offered papers presented at the main congress of the XX International Grassland Congress held in University College Dublin, Ireland from 26 June to 1 July, 2005. It is complemented by six other books arising from the XX IGC as listed on the back cover: the book of invited papers from the main congress and five books containing the proceedings of five satellite workshops held immediately after the main congress at locations in the UK and Ireland (Aberystwyth, Belfast, Cork, Glasgow and Oxford). The workshops were designed to facilitate more in-depth presentations and discussions on more specialised topics of worldwide significance. The main congress brought together scientists from many disciplines, policy makers, consultants and producers involved directly in grass production and utilisation, as well as people in associated industries. They discussed issues around the theme of the congress, Grasslands : a Global Resource. The congress programme was organised around three main thematic areas: Efficient Production from Grassland Grassland and the Environment Delivering the Benefits from Grassland"
Book Synopsis Abiotic Stresses in Agroecology: A Challenge for Whole Plant Physiology by : Mauro Centritto
Download or read book Abiotic Stresses in Agroecology: A Challenge for Whole Plant Physiology written by Mauro Centritto and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-07-04 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding plant responses to abiotic stresses is central to our ability to predict the impact of global change and environmental pollution on the production of food, feed and forestry. Besides increasing carbon dioxide concentration and rising global temperature, increasingly frequent and severe climatic events (e.g. extended droughts, heat waves, flooding) are expected in the coming decades. Additionally, pollution (e.g. heavy metals, gaseous pollutants such as ozone or sulfur dioxide) is an important factor in many regions, decreasing plant productivity and product quality. This Research topic focuses on stress responses at the level of whole plants, addressing biomass-related processes (development of the root system, root respiration/fermentation, leaf expansion, stomatal regulation, photosynthetic capacity, leaf senescence, yield) and interactions between organs (transport via xylem and phloem, long-distance signaling and secondary metabolites). Comparisons between species and between varieties of the same species are helpful to evaluate the potential for species selection and genetic improvement. This research topic is focused on the following abiotic stresses and interactions between them: - Increased carbon dioxide concentration in ambient air is an important parameter influenced by global change and affects photosynthesis, stomatal regulation, plant growth and finally yield. - Elevated temperature: both the steady rise in average temperature and extreme events of shorter duration (heat waves) must be considered in the context of alterations in carbon balance through increased photorespiration, decreased Rubisco activation and carboxylation efficiency, damage to photosynthetic apparatus, as well as loss of water via transpiration and stomatal sensitivity. - Low temperatures (late frosts, prolonged cold phases, freezing temperature) can decrease overwintering survival rates, productivity of crop plants and species composition in meadows. - Water availability: More frequent, severe and extended drought periods have been predicted by climate change models. The timing and duration of a drought period is crucial to determining plant responses, particularly if the drought event coincides with an increase in temperature. Drought causes stomatal closure, decreasing the cooling potential of transpiration and potentially leading to thermal stress as leaf temperature rises. Waterlogging may become also more relevant during the next decades and is especially important for seedlings and young plants. It is not the presence of water itself that causes the stress, but the exclusion of oxygen from the soil which causes a decrease in respiration and an increase in fermentation rates followed by a period of potential oxidative stress as water recedes. - Salinity: high salt concentration in soil influences soil water potential, the water status of the plant and hence affects productivity. Salt tolerance will become an important trait driven by increased competition for land and the need to exploit marginal lands.Understanding plant responses to abiotic stresses is central to our ability to predict the impact of global change and environmental pollution on the production of food, feed and forestry. Besides increasing carbon dioxide concentration and rising global temperature, increasingly frequent and severe climatic events (e.g. extended droughts, heat waves, flooding) are expected in the coming decades. Additionally, pollution (e.g. heavy metals, gaseous pollutants such as ozone or sulfur dioxide) is an important factor in many regions, decreasing plant productivity and product quality. This Research topic focuses on stress responses at the level of whole plants, addressing biomass-related processes (development of the root system, root respiration/fermentation, leaf expansion, stomatal regulation, photosynthetic capacity, leaf senescence, yield) and interactions between organs (transport via xylem and phloem, long-distance signaling and secondary metabolites). Comparisons between species and between varieties of the same species are helpful to evaluate the potential for species selection and genetic improvement. This research topic is focused on the following abiotic stresses and interactions between them: - Increased carbon dioxide concentration in ambient air is an important parameter influenced by global change and affects photosynthesis, stomatal regulation, plant growth and finally yield. - Elevated temperature: both the steady rise in average temperature and extreme events of shorter duration (heat waves) must be considered in the context of alterations in carbon balance through increased photorespiration, decreased Rubisco activation and carboxylation efficiency, damage to photosynthetic apparatus, as well as loss of water via transpiration and stomatal sensitivity. - Low temperatures (late frosts, prolonged cold phases, freezing temperature) can decrease overwintering survival rates, productivity of crop plants and species composition in meadows. - Water availability: More frequent, severe and extended drought periods have been predicted by climate change models. The timing and duration of a drought period is crucial to determining plant responses, particularly if the drought event coincides with an increase in temperature. Drought causes stomatal closure, decreasing the cooling potential of transpiration and potentially leading to thermal stress as leaf temperature rises. Waterlogging may become also more relevant during the next decades and is especially important for seedlings and young plants. It is not the presence of water itself that causes the stress, but the exclusion of oxygen from the soil which causes a decrease in respiration and an increase in fermentation rates followed by a period of potential oxidative stress as water recedes. - Salinity: high salt concentration in soil influences soil water potential, the water status of the plant and hence affects productivity. Salt tolerance will become an important trait driven by increased competition for land and the need to exploit marginal lands.
Book Synopsis Biological Systems, Biodiversity, and Stability of Plant Communities by : Larissa I. Weisfeld
Download or read book Biological Systems, Biodiversity, and Stability of Plant Communities written by Larissa I. Weisfeld and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses theoretical approaches to the taxonomy of biological systems and theory and mathematical approaches to the problem of plant diversity, cultivation, and the environment. Particular attention is given to theoretical and practical problems of soil and the environmental sustainability of phytocoenosis, with the goal to enhance the p
Book Synopsis Breeding in a World of Scarcity by : Isabel Roldán-Ruiz
Download or read book Breeding in a World of Scarcity written by Isabel Roldán-Ruiz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-13 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes papers presented at the 2015 meeting of the Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses Section of Eucarpia. The theme of the meeting “Breeding in a world of scarcity” was elaborated in four sessions: (1) scarcity of natural resources, (2) scarcity of breeders, (3) scarcity of land and (4) scarcity of focus. Parts I to IV of this book correspond to these four sessions. Session 1 refers to the consequences of climate change, reduced access to natural resources and declining freedom in using them. Plant breeding may help by developing varieties with a more efficient use of water and nutrients and a better tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Session 2 refers to the shrinking number of field breeders. There is a need for a mutual empathy between field- and lab-oriented breeding activities, integrating new methods of phenotyping and genotyping. Session 3 underscores the optimal use of agricultural land. Forage needs to be intensively produced in a sustainable way, meeting the energy, protein and health requirements of livestock. Well-adapted varieties, species and mixtures of grasses and legumes are needed. Session 4 refers to the fading of focus in primary production triggered by a range of societal demands. There are few farmers left and they are asked to meet many consumer demands. Both large-scale, multi-purpose species and varieties and specialized niche crops are required. Part V summarizes the conclusions of two open debates, two working group meetings and two workshops held during the conference. The debates were devoted to the future of grass and fodder crop breeding, and to feed quality breeding and testing. The conference hosted meetings of the working groups “Multisite rust evaluation” and “Festulolium”. Workshops focused on “genomic selection and association mapping” and on “phenotyping” with applications in practical breeding research. Part V contains also short sketches of breeding ideas presented as short communications.
Book Synopsis Breeding Grasses and Protein Crops in the Era of Genomics by : Gintaras Brazauskas
Download or read book Breeding Grasses and Protein Crops in the Era of Genomics written by Gintaras Brazauskas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-25 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes papers presented at the 2017 Joint meeting of Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses Section and Protein Crops Working Group of EUCARPIA-Oil and Protein Crops Section. The theme of the meeting “Breeding Grasses and Protein Crops in the Era of Genomics” has been divided into six parts: (1) Utilisation of genetic resources and pre-breeding, (2) Genetic improvement of quality and agronomic traits, (3) Breeding for enhanced stress tolerance (4) Implementation of phenomics and biometrics, (5) Development of genomic tools and bioinformatics and (6) Reports of Parallel Sessions.
Book Synopsis Nutritional Quality Management of Forages in the Himalayan Region by : Rajan Katoch
Download or read book Nutritional Quality Management of Forages in the Himalayan Region written by Rajan Katoch and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-12 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book discusses up-to-date and detailed information about the nutritional quality of forage in the biodiversity-rich Himalayan region and their potential in livestock feeding. • Provides a comprehensive discussion on the prospects of Himalayan forages. • Collates findings and data based on more than two decades of research on nutritional quality of different temperate grasses, fodder trees, legumes and non-conventional forage resources. • Includes information on different forage resources, nutritional quality of forages, niche based nutritive forage species, varietal improvement of different species for nutritionally rich forages, non-conventional forages and modern biotechnological intervention for quality improvement of forages. • Offers a valuable resource of information on forages for researchers and policymakers • Include information oriented toward livestock feeding, influencing their health, production and productivity affecting economic status of farmers. • Presents exhaustive information on forage species along with pictorial presentations. The target audience will be researchers and scientists in public and private institutions (e.g. government, academia, dairy industry), policy planners, animal nutritionists and students. The monograph is relevant for the readers interested in understanding forage quality for livestock feeding and suggest models for quality improvement of forages worldwide, in similar topographies. It is also relevant to the researchers studying forage improvement and biofortification for nutritional enhancement for improving livestock health and productivity
Book Synopsis Effects of Forage Feeding on Milk by : Pavel Kalač
Download or read book Effects of Forage Feeding on Milk written by Pavel Kalač and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effects of Forage Feeding on Milk: Bioactive Compounds and Flavor collates the research related to biologically active compounds associated with chain fresh/preserved temperate forages, the dairy animal, and cow ́s, goat ́s, and ewe ́s milk and milk products. Comprised of six chapters, this book begins by presenting a brief overview of components of the chain – the forage, the milking animal, and milk. The book then addresses desirable and detrimental compounds by providing an expansive description of each compound’s chemical nature, methods of analytical determination, biological properties and effects on humans, factors affecting level in forage, effects of ensiling and haymaking, processes within the animal, content in milk and milk products, and health evaluation. The book also outlines volatiles affecting the flavor of milk and milk products, and includes a conclusion and numerous relevant references for further reading. Summarizes the research related to biologically active compounds associated with milk and milk products Presents an overview of chain forage related to milking animal milk Explores desirable and detrimental compounds Outlines volatiles affecting the flavor of milk and milk products Includes relevant references for further reading
Book Synopsis Land Use Systems in Grassland Dominated Regions by : A. Lüscher
Download or read book Land Use Systems in Grassland Dominated Regions written by A. Lüscher and published by vdf Hochschulverlag AG. This book was released on 2004 with total page 1272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture, alpine, global change, nutrients, farming
Book Synopsis Biotechnology in Forage and Turf Grass Improvement by : German Spangenberg
Download or read book Biotechnology in Forage and Turf Grass Improvement written by German Spangenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows the significant progress made in establishing the methodological basis for the genetic manipulation of forage and turf grasses, with particular emphasis on our most important temperate grasses, the fescues and ryegrasses. It provides detailed and beautifully illustrated descriptions of all relevant methodological aspects of molecular breeding of forage and turf grasses. The topics covered range from the establishment of plant regeneration systems from in vitro cultures, the recovery of haploids and somaclonal variants, the combination of whole or partial genomes by somatic hybridization, and the production of transgenic plants, to the development of molecular markers.
Book Synopsis "Grassland Renovation and Weed Control in Europe" by :
Download or read book "Grassland Renovation and Weed Control in Europe" written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biotechnology and Sustainable Agriculture 2006 and Beyond by : Zhihong Xu
Download or read book Biotechnology and Sustainable Agriculture 2006 and Beyond written by Zhihong Xu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-16 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely work is a collection of papers presented at the XIth international congress of the International Association of Plant Tissue Culture & Biotechnology. It continues the tradition of the IAPTC&B in publishing the proceedings of its congresses. The work is an up-to-date report on the most significant advances in plant tissue culture and biotechnology as presented by leading international scientists. It will be crucial reading for agricultural scientists, among others.
Book Synopsis Smart Livestock Nutrition by : Ilias Kyriazakis
Download or read book Smart Livestock Nutrition written by Ilias Kyriazakis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-19 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the latest findings and techniques related to nutrition and feed efficiency in animal agriculture. It addresses the key challenges facing the nutrition industry to achieve high animal productivity with minimal environmental impact. The concept of smart nutrition involves the use of smart technologies in the feeding and management of livestock. The first chapters focus on advances in biological fields such as molecular agriculture and genotype selection, as well as technologies that enhance or enable the collection of relevant information. The next section highlights applications of smart nutrition in a variety of livestock systems, ranging from intensive indoor housing of broilers and pigs to extensive outdoor housing of cattle and sheep, and marine fish farms. Finally, because of the worldwide attention to this issue, the authors address the environmental consequences. This work, which takes a serious look at how nutrition can be used to improve sustainability in animal agriculture, is a key literature for readers in animal and veterinary sciences, the food industry, sustainability research, and agricultural engineering.
Book Synopsis Breeding strategies for sustainable forage and turf grass improvement by : Susanne Barth
Download or read book Breeding strategies for sustainable forage and turf grass improvement written by Susanne Barth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-25 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the 4th – 8th of September 2011, the Eucarpia Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses Section, held its 29th Meeting in the surroundings of Dublin Castle in Ireland. The theme of the meeting was ‘Breeding strategies for sustainable forage and turf grass improvement’. Grasslands cover a significant proportion of the land mass of the world, and play a pivotal role in global food production. At the same time we are faced with several challenges that affect the way in which we think about this valuable set of resources. The population of the world is expected to exceed 9 billion by 2050, and increase of about one third relative to today’s levels. This population increase will be focused in urban areas, and in what are currently viewed as “developing” countries, meaning that the buying power of this increased population will be greater – shifting the balance of demand from staple crops to high value items such as meat and dairy products. Overall that the world will have to approximately double agricultural output across all categories of food to meet the demands of this larger, urbanised population. This is occurring against a backdrop of equally large challenges in terms of global climate change. Agriculture is already a significant contributor to e.g. greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation and soil erosion. The situation is made more complex by an increased emphasis on biofuels as a solution for our imminent oil shortage, resulting in increased competition between land utilised for food and fuel. In short, agriculture must continue to feed the world, whilst not contributing to damaging it further. It must be sustainable. Plant breeding plays a significant but frequently understated role in meeting the challenges presented by this complex and changing scenario. However, plant breeding and improvement is itself undergoing radical change driven by technology. This book explores how forage and turf breeding is changing and adapting to meet these challenges using the technological advances being experienced in plant breeding as a whole.
