Fernando Pessoa and Nineteenth-century Anglo-American Literature

Download Fernando Pessoa and Nineteenth-century Anglo-American Literature PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
ISBN 13 : 9780813132709
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (327 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fernando Pessoa and Nineteenth-century Anglo-American Literature by : George Monteiro

Download or read book Fernando Pessoa and Nineteenth-century Anglo-American Literature written by George Monteiro and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2000 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

From Lisbon to the World

Download From Lisbon to the World PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
ISBN 13 : 1782845615
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (828 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis From Lisbon to the World by : George Monteiro

Download or read book From Lisbon to the World written by George Monteiro and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-04 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fernando Pessoa is one of the greatest poets of the 20th century. Until some years ago known in the English-speaking world only among a minority of connaisseurs, his work is finally becoming available in English translations, and more are in the process of reaching the literary public. Born in Lisbon in 1888, Pessoa was only forty-seven when he died, but he left behind a staggering number of unpublished manuscripts that are still being screened and brought to light. George Steiner heralded the day Pessoa discovered his major Portuguese heteronyms, for no country had ever seen the birth of four great poets in a single day. That was a reference to the personae Pessoa created, the famous heteronyms Alberto Caeiro, Alvaro de Campos, and Ricardo Reis, besides the man himself -- all poets in their own right with their biographies and even critical exchanges among themselves. Today well over a hundred Pessoa heteronyms are known, including, notably, the semi-heteronym Bernardo Soares, author of The Book of Disquiet, presently available in two English translations. Lately, another Pessoa is emerging -- an English writer, as well as a thinker. Indeed, having been educated in Durban, South Africa, where his stepfather was the consul of Portugal, the poet had a strong English education that shaped his life and thought. George Monteiro has been in the forefront of the uncovering of this side of Pessoa. Author, among many other works, of The Presence of Pessoa: English, American, and Southern African Literary Responses, and Fernando Pessoa and Nineteenth-Century Anglo-American Literature, in this volume Monteiro continues to explore and interpret the world of Pessoa to English-speaking readers.

Fernando Pessoa's Modernity Without Frontiers

Download Fernando Pessoa's Modernity Without Frontiers PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Tamesis Books
ISBN 13 : 1855662566
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (556 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fernando Pessoa's Modernity Without Frontiers by : Mariana Gray de Castro

Download or read book Fernando Pessoa's Modernity Without Frontiers written by Mariana Gray de Castro and published by Tamesis Books. This book was released on 2013 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eighteen short essays by the most distinguished international scholars examine Pessoa's influences, his dialogues with other writers and artistic movements, and the responses his work has generated worldwide. Portuguese writer Fernando Pessoa claimed that he did not evolve, but rather travelled. This book provides a state of the art panorama of Pessoa's literary travels, particularly in the English-speaking world. Its eighteen short, jargon-free essays were written by the most distinguished Pessoa scholars across the globe. They explore the influence on Pessoa's thinking of such writers as Whitman and Shakespeare, as well as his creative dialogues with figuresranging from decadent poets to the dark magician Aleister Crowley, and, finally, some of the ways in which he in turn has influenced others. They examine many different aspects of Pessoa's work, ranging from the poetry of the heteronyms to the haunting prose of The Book of Disquiet, from esoteric writings to personal letters, from reading notes to unpublished texts. Fernando Pessoa's Modernity Without Frontiers is a valuable introduction to this multifaceted modern master, intended for both students of modern literature and general readers interested in one of its major figures.

Weaving Tales

Download Weaving Tales PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000988090
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Weaving Tales by : Paula García-Ramírez

Download or read book Weaving Tales written by Paula García-Ramírez and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-11-30 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays brings together a wide range of Spanish and Portuguese academics and writers exploring the ways in which our encounters with literatures in English inform our assumptions about texts and identities (or texts as identities) and the way we read them. Mapping, examining, reading and re-reading, fashioning and self-fashioning and, especially, weaving appear as appropriate images that convey the complexity and the nature of creative writing. Such a metaphor has been fundamental for the history of world literature since the Roman poet Ovid had included a tale in his Metamorphoses in which weaving, narration, uncertain identities, and the risks of telling uncomfortable truths all figure prominently. As such, these essays trace the intertwined patterns that knit texts together, weaving identities as well as undoing them and, in the process, interrogating established and official truths.

Fernando Pessoa and the Lyric

Download Fernando Pessoa and the Lyric PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1666903140
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (669 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fernando Pessoa and the Lyric by : Irene Ramalho-Santos

Download or read book Fernando Pessoa and the Lyric written by Irene Ramalho-Santos and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-01-26 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fernando Pessoa and the Lyric: Disquietude, Rumination, Interruption, Inspiration, Constellation is an in-depth exploration of Pessoa’s major innovations in lyric writing and thinking. This book is an original contribution to comparative literature and poetic theory that puts Pessoa side by side with several other poets. It delves into Pessoa’s poetic theory, with an emphasis on Livro do desassossego and the heteronymic drama, and discovers new approaches to reading and appreciating the lyric. Such Pessoan literary concepts as disquietude, rumination, interruption, inspiration, and constellation are carefully examined in relation to a number of different poets, yielding unprecedented results in comparative poetics.

After Translation

Download After Translation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Fordham Univ Press
ISBN 13 : 0823251780
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (232 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis After Translation by : Ignacio Infante

Download or read book After Translation written by Ignacio Infante and published by Fordham Univ Press. This book was released on 2013-03 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Translation--from both a theoretical and practical point of view--articulates differing but interconnected modes of circulation in the work of writers originally from different geographical areas of transatlantic encounter, such as Europe, Latin America, North America, and the Caribbean. After Translation examines from a transnational perspective the various ways in which translation facilitates the circulation of modern poetry and poetics across the Atlantic. It rethinks the theoretical paradigm of Anglo-American "modernism" based on the transnational, interlingual and transhistorical features of the work of key modern poets writing at both sides of the Atlantic--namely, the Portuguese Fernando Pessoa; the Chilean Vicente Huidobro; the Spaniard Federico García Lorca; the San Francisco-based poets Jack Spicer, Robert Duncan, and Robin Blaser; the Barbadian Kamau Brathwaite; and the Brazilian brothers Haroldo and Augusto de Campos.

Fernando Pessoa

Download Fernando Pessoa PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
ISBN 13 : 1782846964
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (828 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fernando Pessoa by : Dr Jerónimo Pizarro

Download or read book Fernando Pessoa written by Dr Jerónimo Pizarro and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-10 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Critical Introduction proposes a new didactic and dynamic way of reading the great twentieth-century poet Fernando Pessoa (1888-1935). The aim is to present a holistic vision of this complex poet, promoting his literary geniality in order to better understand his orthonymic-heteronymic poetry. A guiding motif is Pessoa's own Be as plural as the universe. In leading the reader through the poet's published literary work, Jerónimo Pizarro allows an intimate perspective, alongside an academic one, to better understand the workings of Pessoa's mind and life. Discussion centres on the dilemmas an editor faces when editing posthumously. A prime question revolves around the genesis of Pessoa's heteronyms and orthonyms. Understanding is revealed by a critical perspective on the unity that exists in all of Pessoa's literary work. Interpretations of the poems; explanation of the profundity of The Book of Disquiet; and his isms of Paulism, Caeirism, Intersectionism and Cessationism, are discussed and analysed. The issue of Pessoa's astrological predictions his birth year and the effects of this event on Portuguese national history is debated. A chapter is devoted to the effect that translating Omar Khayyám's Rubáiyát had on the poet. The work contains eleven texts written by Pessoa in English (including an autobiographical note from 1935), a substantive dual language bibliography, and is highly illustrated with facsimiles of the poet's own written material. A Critical Introduction is essential reading for all scholars and students of Pessoa's literary output and life circumstances. The work has been written to appeal to cultural studies (arts and aesthetics) enthusiasts in general at both undergraduate and postgraduate level, but given the engagement of new critical material it also provides a structured resource for future research.

Lisbon Poets. Camões, Cesário, Sá-Carneiro, Florbela, Pessoa

Download Lisbon Poets. Camões, Cesário, Sá-Carneiro, Florbela, Pessoa PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Shantarin
ISBN 13 : 9895394659
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (953 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Lisbon Poets. Camões, Cesário, Sá-Carneiro, Florbela, Pessoa by : Luís de Camões

Download or read book Lisbon Poets. Camões, Cesário, Sá-Carneiro, Florbela, Pessoa written by Luís de Camões and published by Shantarin. This book was released on 2023-07-01 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This bilingual and illustrated edition offers to all English-speaking readers interested in poetry, and in the cultural legacy of Lisbon, verses written by great poets who were born or lived in Portugal's legendary capital city. The globally celebrated Luís de Camões and Fernando Pessoa, along with the latter's heteronyms, are joined by three other poets widely praised within the Portuguese-speaking world—Cesário Verde, Mário de Sá-Carneiro, and Florbela Espanca—, whom we have the pleasure of introducing to you.

Embodying Pessoa

Download Embodying Pessoa PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1442658622
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (426 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Embodying Pessoa by : Anna Klobucka

Download or read book Embodying Pessoa written by Anna Klobucka and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2007-12-15 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The multifaceted and labyrinthine oeuvre of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa (1888-1935) is distinguished by having been written and published under more than seventy different names. These were not mere pseudonyms, but what Pessoa termed 'heteronyms,' fully realized identities possessed not only of wildly divergent writing styles and opinions, but also of detailed biographies. In many cases, their independent existences extended to their publication of letters and critical readings of each other's works (and those of Pessoa 'himself'). Long acclaimed in continental Europe and Latin America as a towering presence in literary modernism, Pessoa has more recently begun to receive the attention of an English-speaking public. Embodying Pessoa responds to this new growth of interest. The collection's twelve essays, preceded by a general introduction and grouped into four themed sections, apply a range of current interpretative models both to the more familiar canon of Pessoa's output, and to less familiar texts – in many cases only recently published. As a whole, this work diverges from traditional Pessoa criticism by testifying to the importance of corporeal physicality in his heteronymous experiment and to the prominence of representations of (gendered) sexuality in his work.

Pessoa's Geometry of the Abyss

Download Pessoa's Geometry of the Abyss PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135155431X
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Pessoa's Geometry of the Abyss by : PauloDe Medeiros

Download or read book Pessoa's Geometry of the Abyss written by PauloDe Medeiros and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Fernando Pessoa wrote prolifically in many genres until his untimely death in 1935, and he has long been widely recognized as Portugal's most influential twentieth century writer. The publication of the Book of Disquiet in 1982, however, caused a seismic change in the appreciation of his work and its place in Modernism. In that great and vast collection of fragments, Pessoa firmly established his place among the canon of European modernists and radically questioned many of Modernity's assumptions. Alain Badiou, for example, has argued that philosophers are not yet able to assimilate Pessoa's thinking. Paulo de Medeiros's new study, one of the first to be dedicated to the Book of Disquiet, takes up that challenge, exploring the text's connections with photography, film, politics and textuality itself, and developing comparisons with D. H. Lawrence, Walter Benjamin, and Franz Kafka. Paulo de Medeiros is Professor of Modern and Contemporary World Literatures in the Department of English and Comparative Literary Studies at the University of Warwick."

Fernando Pessoa

Download Fernando Pessoa PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Reaktion Books
ISBN 13 : 1789149738
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (891 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fernando Pessoa by : Bartholomew Ryan

Download or read book Fernando Pessoa written by Bartholomew Ryan and published by Reaktion Books. This book was released on 2024-11-12 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical biography of the modernist Portuguese writer. As a young man Fernando Pessoa aspired to, as he put it, “be plural like the universe.” He would fulfill this desire by inventing over one hundred fictional alter-egos which he called heteronyms. Beginning with Pessoa’s early days in Portugal, this philosophical biography explores the life, work, and imaginative universe of this modernist pioneer. Bartholomew Ryan offers a detailed overview of Pessoa’s writings on radical politics, his ventures into esoteric realms, and his expertise in astrology. Along the way, Ryan unravels Pessoa’s real and literary relationships and explores his unfinished prose masterpiece, The Book of Disquiet. This is a compelling, timely exploration of Pessoa’s profound, innovative ideas.

A Companion to Portuguese Literature

Download A Companion to Portuguese Literature PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1855662671
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (556 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Companion to Portuguese Literature by : Thomas Foster Earle

Download or read book A Companion to Portuguese Literature written by Thomas Foster Earle and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2013 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This companion volume offers an introduction to European Portuguese literature for university-level readers. It consists of a chronological overview of Portuguese literature from the twelfth century to the present day, by some of the most distinguished literary scholars of recent years, leading into substantial essays centred on major authors, genres or periods, and a study of the history of translations. It does not attempt an encyclopaedic coverage of Portuguese literature, but provides essential chronological and bibliographical information on all major authors and genres, with more extensive treatment of key works and literary figures, and a particular focus on the modern period. It is unashamedly canonical rather than thematic in its examination of central authors and periods, without neglecting female writers. In this way it provides basic reference materials for students beginning the study of Portuguese literature, and for a wider audience looking for general or specific information. The editors have made a principled decision to exclude both Brazilian and African literature, which demand separate treatment. STEPHEN PARKINSON, CLAUDIA PAZOS ALONSO and T. F. EARLE are all members of the Sub-Faculty of Portuguese at the University of Oxford. CONTRIBUTORS: Vanda Anast cio, Helena Carvalhao Buescu, Rip Cohen, T. F. Earle, David Frier, Lu s Gomes, Mariana Gray de Castro, Helder Macedo, Patricia Odber de Baubeta, Hilary Owen, Stephen Parkinson, Cl udia Pazos Alonso, Juliet Perkins, Teresa Pinto Coelho, Phillip Rothwell, Mark Sabine, Claire Williams, Clive Willis.

Yeats and Pessoa

Download Yeats and Pessoa PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351536141
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Yeats and Pessoa by : Patricia Silva-McNeill

Download or read book Yeats and Pessoa written by Patricia Silva-McNeill and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: W. B. Yeats and Fernando Pessoa (1888-1935) regarded style as a tool for metaphysical inquiry and, consequently, they adopted distinct poetic styles to convey different attitudes towards experience. Silva-McNeill's study examines how the poets' stylistic diversification was a means of rehearsing different existential and aesthetic stances. It identifies parallels between their styles from a comparative case studies approach. Their stylistic masks allowed them to maintain the subjectivity and authenticity associated with the lyrical genre, while simultaneously attaining greater objectivity and conveying multiple perspectives. The poets continuously transformed the fond and form of their verse, creating a protean lyrical voice that expressed their multilateral poetic temperament and reflected the depersonalisation and formal experimentalism of the modern lyric.

Poe's Pervasive Influence

Download Poe's Pervasive Influence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lehigh University Press
ISBN 13 : 1611461278
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (114 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Poe's Pervasive Influence by : Barbara Cantalupo

Download or read book Poe's Pervasive Influence written by Barbara Cantalupo and published by Lehigh University Press. This book was released on 2012-10-05 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this collection were originally presented as talks at the Poe Studies Association's Third International Edgar Allan Poe Conference: The Bicentennial in October 2009. All the essays in this volume deal with Poe's influence on authors from the United States and abroad; in addition, the collection also includes two examples of primary texts by contemporary authors whose work is directly related to Poe's work or life: an interview with Japanese detective novelist Kiyoshi Kasai and poems by Charles Cantalupo. This volume includes interpretative essays on international authors whose work reflects back on Poe’s work: Edogawa Rampo from Japan; Lu Xun from China; Fernando Pessoa, Eça de Queirós and Ramalho Ortigão from Portugal; Angela Carter from England; and Nikolai Gogol from Russia. The essays in this collection complement and extend a project begun by Lois Vines' Poe Abroad (University of Iowa Press, 1999) and take a wider perspective on Poe's influence with essays on Poe's impact on American authors William Faulkner, Mary Oliver, Joyce Carol Oates, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville, and Harriet Jacobs.

Adverse Genres in Fernando Pessoa

Download Adverse Genres in Fernando Pessoa PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199741700
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Adverse Genres in Fernando Pessoa by : K. David Jackson

Download or read book Adverse Genres in Fernando Pessoa written by K. David Jackson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-25 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poet, short-story writer, feverish inventor--Fernando Pessoa was one of the most innovative figures shaping European modernism. Known for a repertoire of works penned by multiple invented authors--which he termed heteronyms--the Portuguese writer gleefully subverted the notion of what it means to be an author. Adverse Genres in Fernando Pessoa offers an introduction to the fiction and the "profusion of selves" that populates the enigmatic author's uniquely imagined oeuvre. To guide readers through the eclectic work fashioned by Pessoa's heteronyms, K. David Jackson advances the idea of "adverse genres" revealing genre clashes to be fundamental to the author's paradoxical and contradictory corpus. Through the invented "coterie of authors," Pessoa inverted the usual relationships between form and content, authorship and text. In an inspired, paradoxical, and at times absurd mixing of cultural referents, Pessoa selected genres from the European tradition (Ricardo Reis's Horatian odes, Álvaro de Campos's worship of Walt Whitman, Alberto Caeiro's pastoral and metaphysical verse, and Bernardo Soares's philosophical diary), into which he inserted incongruent contemporary ideas. By creating multiple layers of authorial anomaly Pessoa breathes the vitality of modernism into traditional historical genres, extending their expressive range. Through examinations of "A Very Original Dinner," the "Cancioneiro," love letters to Ophelia Queirós, "The Adventure of the Anarchist Banker," Pessoa's collection of quatrains derived from Portuguese popular verse, the Book of Disquietude, and the major poetic heteronyms, Jackson enters the orbit of the artist who exchanged a normal life for a world of the imagination.

From Lisbon to the World

Download From Lisbon to the World PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
ISBN 13 : 1782845925
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (828 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis From Lisbon to the World by : George Monteiro

Download or read book From Lisbon to the World written by George Monteiro and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-04 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fernando Pessoa is one of the greatest poets of the 20th century. Until some years ago known in the English-speaking world only among a minority of connaisseurs, his work is finally becoming available in English translations, and more are in the process of reaching the literary public. Born in Lisbon in 1888, Pessoa was only forty-seven when he died, but he left behind a staggering number of unpublished manuscripts that are still being screened and brought to light. George Steiner heralded the day Pessoa discovered his major Portuguese heteronyms, for no country had ever seen the birth of four great poets in a single day. That was a reference to the personae Pessoa created, the famous heteronyms Alberto Caeiro, Alvaro de Campos, and Ricardo Reis, besides the man himself -- all poets in their own right with their biographies and even critical exchanges among themselves. Today well over a hundred Pessoa heteronyms are known, including, notably, the semi-heteronym Bernardo Soares, author of The Book of Disquiet, presently available in two English translations. Lately, another Pessoa is emerging -- an English writer, as well as a thinker. Indeed, having been educated in Durban, South Africa, where his stepfather was the consul of Portugal, the poet had a strong English education that shaped his life and thought. George Monteiro has been in the forefront of the uncovering of this side of Pessoa. Author, among many other works, of The Presence of Pessoa: English, American, and Southern African Literary Responses, and Fernando Pessoa and Nineteenth-Century Anglo-American Literature, in this volume Monteiro continues to explore and interpret the world of Pessoa to English-speaking readers.

Migration and Mutation

Download Migration and Mutation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1501380486
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (13 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Migration and Mutation by : Carole Birkan-Berz

Download or read book Migration and Mutation written by Carole Birkan-Berz and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2023-02-23 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spanning four centuries from the Renaissance to today's avant-garde, Migration and Mutation explores how the sonnet has evolved in and out of translation. Contributors examine little-studied translation trajectories in the early modern period, such as the pivotal role of France between Italy and England or the first German sonnets and their Italian, French, Dutch and Scottish origins. Essays then shed new light on major European sonneteers In the 19th and 20th centuries, including Shakespeare, Keats, Yeats, Rilke and Pessoa, alongside lesser-known contemporaries and with novel approaches. And finally, contributors explore how translation and adaptation create metaphorical space in the 21st century. Migration and Mutation also pays attention to the political or subversive dimension of the sonnet, with essays on women, gay or postcolonial reclaimings of the sonnet and recent experiments such as post-Soviet Sonnets on shirts by Genrikh Sagpir. It takes the sonnet out of the confines of enclosed national traditions bringing it into renewed contact with mostly European, but also other, cultures.