Femtochemistry And Femtobiology Ultrafast Dynamics In Molecular Science

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Femtochemistry And Femtobiology: Ultrafast Dynamics In Molecular Science

Author : Abderrazzak Douhal
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814489336
Total Pages : 854 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis Femtochemistry And Femtobiology: Ultrafast Dynamics In Molecular Science by : Abderrazzak Douhal

Download or read book Femtochemistry And Femtobiology: Ultrafast Dynamics In Molecular Science written by Abderrazzak Douhal and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2002-05-30 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains important contributions from top international scientists on the-state-of-the-art of femtochemistry and femtobiology at the beginning of the new millennium. It consists of reviews and papers on ultrafast dynamics in molecular science.The coverage of topics highlights several important features of molecular science from the viewpoint of structure (space domain) and dynamics (time domain). First of all, the book presents the latest developments, such as experimental techniques for understanding ultrafast processes in gas, condensed and complex systems, including biological molecules, surfaces and nanostructures. At the same time it stresses the different ways to control the rates and pathways of reactive events in chemistry and biology. Particular emphasis is given to biological processes as an area where femtodynamics is becoming very useful for resolving the structural dynamics from techniques such as electron diffraction, and X-ray and IR spectroscopy. Finally, the latest developments in quantum control (in both theory and experiment) and the experimental pulse-shaping techniques are described.

Femtochemistry and Femtobiology

Author : Abderrazzak Douhal
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9810248660
Total Pages : 854 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Femtochemistry and Femtobiology by : Abderrazzak Douhal

Download or read book Femtochemistry and Femtobiology written by Abderrazzak Douhal and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2002 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains important contributions from top international scientists on the-state-of-the-art of femtochemistry and femtobiology at the beginning of the new millennium. It consists of reviews and papers on ultrafast dynamics in molecular science.The coverage of topics highlights several important features of molecular science from the viewpoint of structure (space domain) and dynamics (time domain). First of all, the book presents the latest developments, such as experimental techniques for understanding ultrafast processes in gas, condensed and complex systems, including biological molecules, surfaces and nanostructures. At the same time it stresses the different ways to control the rates and pathways of reactive events in chemistry and biology. Particular emphasis is given to biological processes as an area where femtodynamics is becoming very useful for resolving the structural dynamics from techniques such as electron diffraction, and X-ray and IR spectroscopy. Finally, the latest developments in quantum control (in both theory and experiment) and the experimental pulse-shaping techniques are described.

Femtochemistry and Femtobiology

Author : Monique M. Martin
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080506267
Total Pages : 589 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Femtochemistry and Femtobiology by : Monique M. Martin

Download or read book Femtochemistry and Femtobiology written by Monique M. Martin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-04-16 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reflects the heights of knowledge of ultrafast chemical processes attained in these early years of the 21st century : the latest research in femtosecond and picosecond molecular processes in Chemistry and Biology, carried out around the world, is described here in more than 110 articles. The results were presented and discussed at the VIth International Conference on Femtochemistry, in Paris, France, from July 6 to July 10, 2003. The articles published here were reviewed by referees selected from specialists in the Femtochemistry community, guaranteeing a collective responsability for the quality of the research reported in the next 564 pages. Femtochemistry is an ever-growing field, where new research areas are constantly opening up, and one which both stimulates and accompanies the development of ultrafast technologies. The increasing interest in femtobiology and chemistry at the frontier with biology is an obvious indicator of the present impact of life sciences in our society. New materials and reactions at surfaces are also some of the relatively new topics that promise rapid developments. New methodologies and technologies for probing and following in real time molecular dynamical phenomena have appeared within the last ten years or so. These methods, based on multidimensional IR spectroscopies, ultrafast X-ray and electron diffraction techniques, are well represented in this book. Of ever-improving performance, they are now applied to the characterization of structural dynamics of an increasing number of chemical and biological systems.This book reports the state of research in Femtochemistry and Femtobiology presented at Paris, at the Maison de la Chimie, in July 2003, representing the tenth anniversary of the conference.* Overview of the most recent research on ultrafast events* Application of new methodologies on chemical and biological systems* Contributions by key players in the field

Femtochemistry and Femtobiology

Author : Monique M. Martin
Publisher : Elsevier Science Limited
ISBN 13 : 9780444516565
Total Pages : 569 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Femtochemistry and Femtobiology by : Monique M. Martin

Download or read book Femtochemistry and Femtobiology written by Monique M. Martin and published by Elsevier Science Limited. This book was released on 2004 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reflects the heights of knowledge of ultrafast chemical processes attained in these early years of the 21st century : the latest research in femtosecond and picosecond molecular processes in Chemistry and Biology, carried out around the world, is described here in more than 110 articles. The results were presented and discussed at the VIth International Conference on Femtochemistry, in Paris, France, from July 6 to July 10, 2003. The articles published here were reviewed by referees selected from specialists in the Femtochemistry community, guaranteeing a collective responsability for the quality of the research reported in the next 564 pages. Femtochemistry is an ever-growing field, where new research areas are constantly opening up, and one which both stimulates and accompanies the development of ultrafast technologies. The increasing interest in femtobiology and chemistry at the frontier with biology is an obvious indicator of the present impact of life sciences in our society. New materials and reactions at surfaces are also some of the relatively new topics that promise rapid developments. New methodologies and technologies for probing and following in real time molecular dynamical phenomena have appeared within the last ten years or so. These methods, based on multidimensional IR spectroscopies, ultrafast X-ray and electron diffraction techniques, are well represented in this book. Of ever-improving performance, they are now applied to the characterization of structural dynamics of an increasing number of chemical and biological systems. This book reports the state of research in Femtochemistry and Femtobiology presented at Paris, at the Maison de la Chimie, in July 2003, representing the tenth anniversary of the conference. * Overview of the most recent research on ultrafast events * Application of new methodologies on chemical and biological systems * Contributions by key players in the field

Ultrafast Phenomena in Molecular Sciences

Author : Rebeca de Nalda
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 331902051X
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultrafast Phenomena in Molecular Sciences by : Rebeca de Nalda

Download or read book Ultrafast Phenomena in Molecular Sciences written by Rebeca de Nalda and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest developments in Femtosecond Chemistry and Physics for the study of ultrafast photo-induced molecular processes. Molecular systems, from the simplest H2 molecule to polymers or biological macromolecules, constitute central objects of interest for Physics, Chemistry and Biology, and despite the broad range of phenomena that they exhibit, they share some common behaviors. One of the most significant of those is that many of the processes involving chemical transformation (nuclear reorganization, bond breaking, bond making) take place in an extraordinarily short time, in or around the femtosecond temporal scale (1 fs = 10-15 s). A number of experimental approaches - very particularly the developments in the generation and manipulation of ultrashort laser pulses - coupled with theoretical progress, provide the ultrafast scientist with powerful tools to understand matter and its interaction with light, at this spatial and temporal scale. This book is an attempt to reunite some of the state-of-the-art research that is being carried out in the field of ultrafast molecular science, from theoretical developments, through new phenomena induced by intense laser fields, to the latest techniques applied to the study of molecular dynamics.

The Brilliant Zewail

Author : Lotfia M El-nadi
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9813276495
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis The Brilliant Zewail by : Lotfia M El-nadi

Download or read book The Brilliant Zewail written by Lotfia M El-nadi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-07-16 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A book that enlightens the life of Ahmed H Zewail from his early childhood to his days at CalTech.Born in Damanhur, Egypt, Ahmed H Zewail grew up with his family, studied at a local primary school and eventually graduated from Alexandria University. After completing his schooling, he went on to teach chemistry to undergraduates at the University of Alexandria.His contributions are not only to science but also to society. As a pioneer scientist, he returned to Egypt and had his fingerprints on all the initiatives to encourage scientific research and to upgrade the scientific and technological capabilities of his countrymen. He founded the Zewail City for Science and Technology — a non-profit educational institution for research and innovation in Cairo.A Nobel Prize winner, inventor of the ground-breaking four dimensional microscopy, and together with his other accolades, Ahmed H Zewail is one of the greatest scientists this century has produced. His foresight for the development of both the scientific and cultural fields in Egypt has made him a brilliant jewel for Egypt and the world.

Femtosecond Laser Spectroscopy

Author : Peter Hannaford
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 038723294X
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Femtosecond Laser Spectroscopy by : Peter Hannaford

Download or read book Femtosecond Laser Spectroscopy written by Peter Hannaford and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-27 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The embryonic development of femtoscience stems from advances made in the generation of ultrashort laser pulses. Beginning with mode-locking of glass lasers in the 1960s, the development of dye lasers brought the pulse width down from picoseconds to femtoseconds. The breakthrough in solid state laser pulse generation provided the current reliable table-top laser systems capable of average power of about 1 watt, and peak power density of easily watts per square centimeter, with pulse widths in the range of four to eight femtoseconds. Pulses with peak power density reaching watts per square centimeter have been achieved in laboratory settings and, more recently, pulses of sub-femtosecond duration have been successfully generated. As concepts and methodologies have evolved over the past two decades, the realm of ultrafast science has become vast and exciting and has impacted many areas of chemistry, biology and physics, and other fields such as materials science, electrical engineering, and optical communication. In molecular science the explosive growth of this research is for fundamental reasons. In femtochemistry and femtobiology chemical bonds form and break on the femtosecond time scale, and on this scale of time we can freeze the transition states at configurations never before seen. Even for n- reactive physical changes one is observing the most elementary of molecular processes. On a time scale shorter than the vibrational and rotational periods the ensemble behaves coherently as a single-molecule trajectory.

Comprehensive Biophysics

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080957188
Total Pages : 3533 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Comprehensive Biophysics by :

Download or read book Comprehensive Biophysics written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-04-12 with total page 3533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biophysics is a rapidly-evolving interdisciplinary science that applies theories and methods of the physical sciences to questions of biology. Biophysics encompasses many disciplines, including physics, chemistry, mathematics, biology, biochemistry, medicine, pharmacology, physiology, and neuroscience, and it is essential that scientists working in these varied fields are able to understand each other's research. Comprehensive Biophysics, Nine Volume Set will help bridge that communication gap. Written by a team of researchers at the forefront of their respective fields, under the guidance of Chief Editor Edward Egelman, Comprehensive Biophysics, Nine Volume Set provides definitive introductions to a broad array of topics, uniting different areas of biophysics research - from the physical techniques for studying macromolecular structure to protein folding, muscle and molecular motors, cell biophysics, bioenergetics and more. The result is this comprehensive scientific resource - a valuable tool both for helping researchers come to grips quickly with material from related biophysics fields outside their areas of expertise, and for reinforcing their existing knowledge. Biophysical research today encompasses many areas of biology. These studies do not necessarily share a unique identifying factor. This work unites the different areas of research and allows users, regardless of their background, to navigate through the most essential concepts with ease, saving them time and vastly improving their understanding The field of biophysics counts several journals that are directly and indirectly concerned with the field. There is no reference work that encompasses the entire field and unites the different areas of research through deep foundational reviews. Comprehensive Biophysics fills this vacuum, being a definitive work on biophysics. It will help users apply context to the diverse journal literature offering, and aid them in identifying areas for further research Chief Editor Edward Egelman (E-I-C, Biophysical Journal) has assembled an impressive, world-class team of Volume Editors and Contributing Authors. Each chapter has been painstakingly reviewed and checked for consistent high quality. The result is an authoritative overview which ties the literature together and provides the user with a reliable background information and citation resource

Femtochemistry

Author : Ahmed H. Zewail
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9789810217365
Total Pages : 622 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Femtochemistry by : Ahmed H. Zewail

Download or read book Femtochemistry written by Ahmed H. Zewail and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These two volumes on Femtochemistry present a timely contribution to a field central to the understanding of the dynamics of the chemical bond. This century has witnessed great strides in time and space resolutions, down to the atomic scale, providing chemists, biologists and physicists with unprecedented opportunities for seeing microscopic structures and dynamics. Femtochemistry is concerned with the time resolution of the most elementary motions of atoms during chemical change -- bond breaking and bond making -- on the femtosecond (10-15 second) time scale. This atomic scale of time resolution has now reached the ultimate for the chemical bond and as Lord George Porter puts it, chemists are near the end of the race against time. These two volumes cover the general concepts, techniques and applications of femtochemistry.Professor Ahmed Zewail, who has made the pioneering contributions in this field, has from over 250 publications selected the articles for this anthology. These volumes begin with a commentary and a historical chronology of the milestones. He then presents a broad perspective of the current state of knowledge in femtochemistry by researchers around the world and discusses possible new directions. In the words of a colleague, "it is a must on the reading-list for all of my students ... all readers will find this to be an informative and valuable overview."The introductory articles in Volume I provide reviews for both the non-experts as well as for experts in the field. This is followed by papers on the basic concepts. For applications, elementary reactions are studied first and then complex reactions. Volume I is complete with studies of solvation dynamics, non-reactive systems, ultrafast electron diffraction and the control of chemical reactions.Volume II continues with reaction rates, the concept of elementary intramolecular vibrational-energy redistribution (IVR) and the phenomena of rotational coherence which has become a powerful tool for the determination of molecular structure via time resolution. The second volume ends with an extensive list of references, according to topics, based on work by Professor Zewail and his group at Caltech.These collected works by Professor Zewail will certainly be indispensable to both experts and beginners in the field. The author is known for his clarity and for his creative and systematic contributions. These volumes will be of interest and should prove useful to chemists, biologists and physicists. As noted by Professor J Manz (Berlin) and Professor A W Castleman, Jr. (Penn State): femtochemistry is yielding exciting new discoveries from analysis to control of chemical reactions, with applications in many domains of chemistry and related fields, e.g., physical, organic and inorganic chemistry, surface science, molecular biology, ... etc.

Femtochemistry VII

Author : Michele Kimble
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080466826
Total Pages : 611 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Femtochemistry VII by : Michele Kimble

Download or read book Femtochemistry VII written by Michele Kimble and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-10-03 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Femtochemistry VII presents the most recent developments in femtochemistry and highlights the significance of the field today. This book contains extracts from the proceedings, presentations and posters from the Femtochemistry VII conference, held in Washington D.C., on July 17-22, 2005. The stimulating conference was opened by Professor Ahmed Zewail (1999 Nobel Prize Winner), and as was evident by the attendees at the conference, had a very active program with the presentation of numerous talks and a large number of posters. This collection of papers reflects the remarkable progress that has been made in femtosecond spectroscopy, and especially to its emergence as a field of research devoted to chemistry and biology, giving rise to femtochemistry and femtobiology. Subjects covered include imaging, structural dynamics, and spectroscopies, fundamentals of reaction dynamics, salvation phenomenta, liquids and interfaces, aggregates/particles/surfaces, protein dynamics and photobiology, quantum control, and intense laser-matter interactions. Subjects covered by this book include imaging, structural dynamics, and spectroscopies; fundamentals of reaction dynamics; salvation phenomenta; liquids and interfaces; aggregates/particles/surfaces; protein dynamics and photobiology; quantum control; and intense laser-matter interactions. This book would appeal to chemists, physicists and biologists in the fields of atomic and molecular science. * Contains the most recent developments in Femtochemistry from the Femtochemistry VII conference* Highlights the significance of femtochemistry today* Displays extracts from the proceedings, presentations and posters from the conference

Ultrafast Dynamics of Metalloporphyrins, DNA and Iron-Lanthanide Clusters in the Liquid Phase

Author : Yu Liang
Publisher : KIT Scientific Publishing
ISBN 13 : 3866449992
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (664 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultrafast Dynamics of Metalloporphyrins, DNA and Iron-Lanthanide Clusters in the Liquid Phase by : Yu Liang

Download or read book Ultrafast Dynamics of Metalloporphyrins, DNA and Iron-Lanthanide Clusters in the Liquid Phase written by Yu Liang and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultraschnelle Dynamik von verschiedenen organischen und anorganischen molekularen Systemen wurde unter Verwendung der zeitaufgelöste Anregungs-Abfrage-Technik in Kombination mit anderen spektroskopischen Methoden untersucht. Diese Dynamik umfasst, z.B. die Relaxationsprozesse in Metalloporphyrins, die Ladungstransfer zwischen Donor und Akzeptor durch DANN-Doppelhelix sowie die Dynamik von Ladungsträger in anorganischen nanostrukturierten zyklischen koordinierten Eisen-Lanthanoide Clustern.

Quantum Dynamics of Complex Molecular Systems

Author : David A. Micha
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540344608
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantum Dynamics of Complex Molecular Systems by : David A. Micha

Download or read book Quantum Dynamics of Complex Molecular Systems written by David A. Micha and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-22 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum phenomena are ubiquitous in complex molecular systems - as revealed by many experimental observations based upon ultrafast spectroscopic techniques - and yet remain a challenge for theoretical analysis. The present volume, based on a May 2005 workshop, examines and reviews the state-of-the-art in the development of new theoretical and computational methods to interpret the observed phenomena. Emphasis is on complex molecular processes involving surfaces, clusters, solute-solvent systems, materials, and biological systems. The research summarized in this book shows that much can be done to explain phenomena in systems excited by light or through atomic interactions. It demonstrates how to tackle the multidimensional dynamics arising from the atomic structure of a complex system, and addresses phenomena in condensed phases as well as phenomena at surfaces. The chapters on new methodological developments cover both phenomena in isolated systems, and phenomena which involve the statistical effects of an environment, such as fluctuations and dissipation. The methodology part explores new rigorous ways to formulate mixed quantum-classical dynamics in many dimensions, along with new ways to solve a many-atom Schroedinger equation, or the Liouville-von Neumann equation for the density operator, using trajectories and ideas related to hydrodynamics. Part I treats applications to complex molecular systems, and Part II covers new theoretical and computational methods

Frontiers of Optical Spectroscopy

Author : Baldassare Di Bartolo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402027505
Total Pages : 784 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (275 download)

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Book Synopsis Frontiers of Optical Spectroscopy by : Baldassare Di Bartolo

Download or read book Frontiers of Optical Spectroscopy written by Baldassare Di Bartolo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-02-17 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced spectroscopic techniques allow the probing of very small systems and very fast phenomena, conditions that can be considered "extreme" at the present status of our experimentation and knowledge. Quantum dots, nanocrystals and single molecules are examples of the former and events on the femtosecond scale examples of the latter. The purpose of this book is to examine the realm of phenomena of such extreme type and the techniques that permit their investigations. Each author has developed a coherent section of the program starting at a somewhat fundamental level and ultimately reaching the frontier of knowledge in the field in a systematic and didactic fashion. The formal lectures are complemented by additional seminars.

Advances in Chemical Physics

Author : Stuart A. Rice
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780470431900
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Chemical Physics by : Stuart A. Rice

Download or read book Advances in Chemical Physics written by Stuart A. Rice and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-01-28 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Advances in Chemical Physics series presents the cutting edge in every area of the discipline and provides the field with a forum for critical, authoritative evaluations of advances. It provides an editorial framework that makes the book an excellent supplement to advanced graduate classes, with contributions from experts around the world and a handy glossary for easy reference on new terminology. This series is a wonderful guide for students and professionals in chemical physics and physical chemistry, from academia, government, and industries including chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and polymers.

Ultrafast Phenomena XIV

Author : Takayoshi Kobayashi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540241102
Total Pages : 954 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultrafast Phenomena XIV by : Takayoshi Kobayashi

Download or read book Ultrafast Phenomena XIV written by Takayoshi Kobayashi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrafast Phenomena XIV presents the latest advances in ultrafast science, including ultrafast laser and measurement technology as well as studies of ultrafast phenomena. Pico-, femto-, and atosecond processes relevant in physics, chemistry, biology and engineering are presented. Ultrafast technology is now having a profound impact within a wide range of applications, among them imaging, material diagnostics, and transformation and high-speed optoelectronics. This book summarizes results presented at the 14th Ultrafast Phenomena Conference and reviews the state of the art in this important and rapidly advancing field.

Analysis and Control of Ultrafast Photoinduced Reactions

Author : Oliver Kühn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540680373
Total Pages : 855 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Analysis and Control of Ultrafast Photoinduced Reactions by : Oliver Kühn

Download or read book Analysis and Control of Ultrafast Photoinduced Reactions written by Oliver Kühn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-05 with total page 855 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes several years of research carried out by a collaboration of many groups on ultrafast photochemical reactions. It emphasizes the analysis and characterization of the nuclear dynamics within molecular systems in various environments induced by optical excitations and the study of the resulting molecular dynamics by further interaction with an optical field.

Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy

Author : Sune Svanberg
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642185207
Total Pages : 603 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy by : Sune Svanberg

Download or read book Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy written by Sune Svanberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide-ranging review of modern spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray, photoelectron, optical and laser spectroscopy, and radiofrequency and microwave techniques. On the fundamental side the book focuses on physical principles and the impact of spectroscopy on our understanding of the building blocks of matter, while in the area of applications particular attention is given to those in chemical analysis, photochemistry, surface characterisation, environmental and medical diagnostics, remote sensing and astrophyscis. The Fourth Edition also provides the reader with an update on laser cooling and trapping, Bose-Einstein condensation, ultra-fast spectroscopy, high-power laser/matter interaction, satellite-based astronomy and spectroscopic aspects of laser medicine.