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Fast Efficient And Predictable Memory Accesses
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Book Synopsis Fast, Efficient and Predictable Memory Accesses by : Lars Wehmeyer
Download or read book Fast, Efficient and Predictable Memory Accesses written by Lars Wehmeyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-08 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speed improvements in memory systems have not kept pace with the speed improvements of processors, leading to embedded systems whose performance is limited by the memory. This book presents design techniques for fast, energy-efficient and timing-predictable memory systems that achieve high performance and low energy consumption. In addition, the use of scratchpad memories significantly improves the timing predictability of the entire system, leading to tighter worst case execution time bounds.
Book Synopsis Rust In Practice, Second Edition by : Rick Tim
Download or read book Rust In Practice, Second Edition written by Rick Tim and published by GitforGits. This book was released on 2024-04-19 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn to Build Rust Programs, Test Applications and Create Your Own Cargo Packages with latest Rust 1.77 "Rust In Practice, Second Edition" is an updated book that builds on the previous edition's excellent foundation and is intended to help readers progress from novice to proficient Rust developers. This new edition comes with Rust 1.77 version that goes deeper into Rust's core and advanced capabilities, making it suitable for learners at all levels. Beginning with a basic introduction to Rust syntax and semantics, the Second Edition provides a clearer and more detailed explanation of Rust's distinctive ownership model and type system.Readers will thoroughly explore control flow, error management, and Rust's main data types, laying a solid foundation for more advanced topics. The book includes additional chapters on smart pointers, sophisticated error handling techniques, and the complexities of concurrency and parallelism, which address real-world programming issues. The book covers how to incorporate asynchronous programming features into projects, how to utilize and maintain Cargo, and a more in-depth look at Rust's standard library and the external crates ecosystem. "Rust In Practice, Second Edition" is intended to serve as both a learning tool and a reference for developing high-performance applications. It is packed with professional advice, clear explanations, and practical examples. This book will not only teach you Rust programming, but it will also help you design software that is strong, simple, efficient, and easily maintainable. Key Learnings Master Cargo and its extensive command suite to streamline project builds and dependency management. Deepen your grasp of Rust’s type system, emphasizing ownership and borrowing to efficiently manage memory. Utilize advanced traits and generics to create flexible, reusable software components. Leverage closures, iterators, and asynchronous programming for high-performance, multi-threaded applications. Utilize collections, enhance string operations, and execute effective I/O. Explore sophisticated macro usage for metaprogramming and strategies to avoid unsafe code. 75+ practical examples showcasing Rust's latest features and best practices. Apply rigorous testing methods across diverse Rust applications, with new testing frameworks and methodologies. Table of Content Why Rust! Getting Ready with Rust Environment Most Essentials of Rust Structs Enums and Pattern Matching Exploring Ownership and Borrowing Cargo, Crates and Packages Cargo Commands Rust Standard Library Smart Pointers and Reference Cycles
Book Synopsis The Microarchitecture of Pipelined and Superscalar Computers by : Amos R. Omondi
Download or read book The Microarchitecture of Pipelined and Superscalar Computers written by Amos R. Omondi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to serve as a textbook for a second course in the im plementation (Le. microarchitecture) of computer architectures. The subject matter covered is the collection of techniques that are used to achieve the highest performance in single-processor machines; these techniques center the exploitation of low-level parallelism (temporal and spatial) in the processing of machine instructions. The target audience consists students in the final year of an undergraduate program or in the first year of a postgraduate program in computer science, computer engineering, or electrical engineering; professional computer designers will also also find the book useful as an introduction to the topics covered. Typically, the author has used the material presented here as the basis of a full-semester undergraduate course or a half-semester post graduate course, with the other half of the latter devoted to multiple-processor machines. The background assumed of the reader is a good first course in computer architecture and implementation - to the level in, say, Computer Organization and Design, by D. Patterson and H. Hennessy - and familiarity with digital-logic design. The book consists of eight chapters: The first chapter is an introduction to all of the main ideas that the following chapters cover in detail: the topics covered are the main forms of pipelining used in high-performance uniprocessors, a taxonomy of the space of pipelined processors, and performance issues. It is also intended that this chapter should be readable as a brief "stand-alone" survey.
Book Synopsis High Performance Memory Systems by : Haldun Hadimioglu
Download or read book High Performance Memory Systems written by Haldun Hadimioglu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The State of Memory Technology Over the past decade there has been rapid growth in the speed of micropro cessors. CPU speeds are approximately doubling every eighteen months, while main memory speed doubles about every ten years. The International Tech nology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) study suggests that memory will remain on its current growth path. The ITRS short-and long-term targets indicate continued scaling improvements at about the current rate by 2016. This translates to bit densities increasing at two times every two years until the introduction of 8 gigabit dynamic random access memory (DRAM) chips, after which densities will increase four times every five years. A similar growth pattern is forecast for other high-density chip areas and high-performance logic (e.g., microprocessors and application specific inte grated circuits (ASICs)). In the future, molecular devices, 64 gigabit DRAMs and 28 GHz clock signals are targeted. Although densities continue to grow, we still do not see significant advances that will improve memory speed. These trends have created a problem that has been labeled the Memory Wall or Memory Gap.
Book Synopsis Memory Controllers for Mixed-Time-Criticality Systems by : Sven Goossens
Download or read book Memory Controllers for Mixed-Time-Criticality Systems written by Sven Goossens and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the design and performance analysis of SDRAM controllers that cater to both real-time and best-effort applications, i.e. mixed-time-criticality memory controllers. The authors describe the state of the art, and then focus on an architecture template for reconfigurable memory controllers that addresses effectively the quickly evolving set of SDRAM standards, in terms of worst-case timing and power analysis, as well as implementation. A prototype implementation of the controller in SystemC and synthesizable VHDL for an FPGA development board are used as a proof of concept of the architecture template.
Book Synopsis Embedded Memories for Nano-Scale VLSIs by : Kevin Zhang
Download or read book Embedded Memories for Nano-Scale VLSIs written by Kevin Zhang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kevin Zhang Advancement of semiconductor technology has driven the rapid growth of very large scale integrated (VLSI) systems for increasingly broad applications, incl- ing high-end and mobile computing, consumer electronics such as 3D gaming, multi-function or smart phone, and various set-top players and ubiquitous sensor and medical devices. To meet the increasing demand for higher performance and lower power consumption in many different system applications, it is often required to have a large amount of on-die or embedded memory to support the need of data bandwidth in a system. The varieties of embedded memory in a given system have alsobecome increasingly more complex, ranging fromstatictodynamic and volatile to nonvolatile. Among embedded memories, six-transistor (6T)-based static random access memory (SRAM) continues to play a pivotal role in nearly all VLSI systems due to its superior speed and full compatibility with logic process technology. But as the technology scaling continues, SRAM design is facing severe challenge in mainta- ing suf?cient cell stability margin under relentless area scaling. Meanwhile, rapid expansion in mobile application, including new emerging application in sensor and medical devices, requires far more aggressive voltage scaling to meet very str- gent power constraint. Many innovative circuit topologies and techniques have been extensively explored in recent years to address these challenges.
Book Synopsis Memory Design Techniques for Low Energy Embedded Systems by : Alberto Macii
Download or read book Memory Design Techniques for Low Energy Embedded Systems written by Alberto Macii and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Memory Design Techniques for Low Energy Embedded Systems centers one of the most outstanding problems in chip design for embedded application. It guides the reader through different memory organizations and technologies and it reviews the most successful strategies for optimizing them in the power and performance plane.
Book Synopsis Operating Systems and Services by : Ragunathan Rajkumar
Download or read book Operating Systems and Services written by Ragunathan Rajkumar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Operating Systems and Services brings together in one place important contributions and up-to-date research results in this fast moving area. Operating Systems and Services serves as an excellent reference, providing insight into some of the most challenging research issues in the field.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Hearing Mechanisms of Language Understanding: Short- and Long-Term Perspectives by : Rachel J. Ellis
Download or read book Cognitive Hearing Mechanisms of Language Understanding: Short- and Long-Term Perspectives written by Rachel J. Ellis and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-10-18 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Soft Real-Time Systems: Predictability vs. Efficiency by : Giorgio C Buttazzo
Download or read book Soft Real-Time Systems: Predictability vs. Efficiency written by Giorgio C Buttazzo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-02 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hard real-time systems are very predictable, but not sufficiently flexible to adapt to dynamic situations. They are built under pessimistic assumptions to cope with worst-case scenarios, so they often waste resources. Soft real-time systems are built to reduce resource consumption, tolerate overloads and adapt to system changes. They are also more suited to novel applications of real-time technology, such as multimedia systems, monitoring apparatuses, telecommunication networks, mobile robotics, virtual reality, and interactive computer games. This unique monograph provides concrete methods for building flexible, predictable soft real-time systems, in order to optimize resources and reduce costs. It is an invaluable reference for developers, as well as researchers and students in Computer Science.
Book Synopsis Programming Massively Parallel Processors by : Wen-mei W. Hwu
Download or read book Programming Massively Parallel Processors written by Wen-mei W. Hwu and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2022-05-28 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Programming Massively Parallel Processors: A Hands-on Approach shows both students and professionals alike the basic concepts of parallel programming and GPU architecture. Concise, intuitive, and practical, it is based on years of road-testing in the authors' own parallel computing courses. Various techniques for constructing and optimizing parallel programs are explored in detail, while case studies demonstrate the development process, which begins with computational thinking and ends with effective and efficient parallel programs. The new edition includes updated coverage of CUDA, including the newer libraries such as CuDNN. New chapters on frequently used parallel patterns have been added, and case studies have been updated to reflect current industry practices. - Parallel Patterns Introduces new chapters on frequently used parallel patterns (stencil, reduction, sorting) and major improvements to previous chapters (convolution, histogram, sparse matrices, graph traversal, deep learning) - Ampere Includes a new chapter focused on GPU architecture and draws examples from recent architecture generations, including Ampere - Systematic Approach Incorporates major improvements to abstract discussions of problem decomposition strategies and performance considerations, with a new optimization checklist
Book Synopsis At the doors of lexical access: The importance of the first 250 milliseconds in reading by : Jon Andoni Dunabeitia
Download or read book At the doors of lexical access: The importance of the first 250 milliseconds in reading written by Jon Andoni Dunabeitia and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-09-30 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Correct word identification and processing is a prerequisite for accurate reading, and decades of psycholinguistic and neuroscientific research have shown that the magical moments of visual word recognition are short-lived and markedly fast. The time window in which a given letter string passes from being a mere sequence of printed curves and strokes to acquiring the word status takes around one third of a second. In a few hundred milliseconds, a skilled reader recognizes an isolated word and carries out a number of underlying processes, such as the encoding of letter position and letter identity, and lexico-semantic information retrieval. However, the precise manner (and order) in which these processes occur (or co-occur) is a matter of contention subject to empirical research. There’s no agreement regarding the precise timing of some of the essential processes that guide visual word processing, such as precise letter identification, letter position assignment or sub-word unit processing (bigrams, trigrams, syllables, morphemes), among others. Which is the sequence of processes that lead to lexical access? How do these and other processes interact with each other during the early moments of word processing? Do these processes occur in a serial fashion or do they take place in parallel? Are these processes subject to mutual interaction principles? Is feedback allowed for within the earliest stages of word identification? And ultimately, when does the reader’s brain effectively identify a given word? A vast number of questions remain open, and this Research Topic will cover some of them, giving the readership the opportunity to understand how the scientific community faces the problem of modeling the early stages of word identification according to the latest neuroscientific findings. The present Research Topic aimed to combine recent experimental evidence on early word processing from different techniques together with comprehensive reviews of the current work directions, in order to create a landmark forum in which experts in the field defined the state of the art and future directions. We were willing to receive submissions of empirical as well as theoretical and review articles based on different computational and neuroscience-oriented methodologies. We especially encouraged researchers primarily using electrophysiological or magnetoencephalographic techniques as well as eye-tracking to participate, given that these techniques provide us with the opportunity to uncover the mysteries of lexical access allowing for a fine-grained time-course analysis. The main focus of interest concerned the processes that are held within the initial 250-300 milliseconds after word presentation, covering areas that link basic visuo-attentional systems with linguistic mechanisms.
Book Synopsis Embedded Computer Systems: Architectures, Modeling, and Simulation by : Stamatis Vassiliadis
Download or read book Embedded Computer Systems: Architectures, Modeling, and Simulation written by Stamatis Vassiliadis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-07-18 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Systems, Architectures, Modeling, and Simulation, SAMOS 2006, held in Samos, Greece on July 2006. The 47 revised full papers presented together with 2 keynote talks were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 130 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on system design and modeling, wireless sensor networks, processor design, dependable computing, architectures and implementations, and embedded sensor systems.
Book Synopsis Worst-Case Execution Time Aware Compilation Techniques for Real-Time Systems by : Paul Lokuciejewski
Download or read book Worst-Case Execution Time Aware Compilation Techniques for Real-Time Systems written by Paul Lokuciejewski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-24 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For real-time systems, the worst-case execution time (WCET) is the key objective to be considered. Traditionally, code for real-time systems is generated without taking this objective into account and the WCET is computed only after code generation. Worst-Case Execution Time Aware Compilation Techniques for Real-Time Systems presents the first comprehensive approach integrating WCET considerations into the code generation process. Based on the proposed reconciliation between a compiler and a timing analyzer, a wide range of novel optimization techniques is provided. Among others, the techniques cover source code and assembly level optimizations, exploit machine learning techniques and address the design of modern systems that have to meet multiple objectives. Using these optimizations, the WCET of real-time applications can be reduced by about 30% to 45% on the average. This opens opportunities for decreasing clock speeds, costs and energy consumption of embedded processors. The proposed techniques can be used for all types real-time systems, including automotive and avionics IT systems.
Book Synopsis Design of Energy-Efficient Application-Specific Instruction Set Processors by : Tilman Glökler
Download or read book Design of Energy-Efficient Application-Specific Instruction Set Processors written by Tilman Glökler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After a brief introduction to low-power VLSI design, the design space of ASIP instruction set architectures (ISAs) is introduced with a special focus on important features for digital signal processing. Based on the degrees of freedom offered by this design space, a consistent ASIP design flow is proposed: this design flow starts with a given application and uses incremental optimization of the ASIP hardware, of ASIP coprocessors and of the ASIP software by using a top-down approach and by applying application-specific modifications on all levels of design hierarchy. A broad range of real-world signal processing applications serves as vehicle to illustrate each design decision and provides a hands-on approach to ASIP design. Finally, two complete case studies demonstrate the feasibility and the efficiency of the proposed methodology and quantitatively evaluate the benefits of ASIPs in an industrial context.
Book Synopsis Embedded Memory Design for Multi-Core and Systems on Chip by : Baker Mohammad
Download or read book Embedded Memory Design for Multi-Core and Systems on Chip written by Baker Mohammad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the various tradeoffs systems designers face when designing embedded memory. Readers designing multi-core systems and systems on chip will benefit from the discussion of different topics from memory architecture, array organization, circuit design techniques and design for test. The presentation enables a multi-disciplinary approach to chip design, which bridges the gap between the architecture level and circuit level, in order to address yield, reliability and power-related issues for embedded memory.
Book Synopsis Dynamic System Reconfiguration in Heterogeneous Platforms by : Nikolaos Voros
Download or read book Dynamic System Reconfiguration in Heterogeneous Platforms written by Nikolaos Voros and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-28 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamic System Reconfiguration in Heterogeneous Platforms defines the MORPHEUS platform that can join the performance density advantage of reconfigurable technologies and the easy control capabilities of general purpose processors. It consists of a System-on-Chip made of a scalable system infrastructure hosting heterogeneous reconfigurable accelerators, providing dynamic reconfiguration capabilities and data-stream management capabilities.
